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{{Short description| |
{{Short description|Indigenous knowledge applied to the scientific method}} |
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'''Indigenous science''' is the application and intersection of [[Indigenous Knowledge|indigenous knowledge]] and [[science]], in ecology and biology this is sometimes termed "traditional ecological knowledge".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gregory. |first=Cajete, |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/610678710 |title=Native science : natural laws of interdependence |date=2000 |publisher=Clear Light Publishers |isbn=1-57416-035-4 |oclc=610678710}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Huntington |first=Henry P. |date=2000 |title=USING TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN SCIENCE: METHODS AND APPLICATIONS |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1270:UTEKIS]2.0.CO;2 |journal=Ecological Applications |language=en |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=1270–1274 |doi=10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1270:UTEKIS]2.0.CO;2 |issn=1051-0761}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cajete |first=Gregory A. |date=2020-11-17 |title=Indigenous Science, Climate Change, and Indigenous Community Building: A Framework of Foundational Perspectives for Indigenous Community Resilience and Revitalization |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/22/9569 |journal=Sustainability |language=en |volume=12 |issue=22 |pages=9569 |doi=10.3390/su12229569 |issn=2071-1050}}</ref> Often this knowledge and experiences are passed down orally generation to generation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reynolds |first=Nathaniel |last2=Romano |first2=Marc |date=2013 |title=Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Reconstructing Historical Run Timing and Spawning Distribution of Eulachon through Tribal Oral History |journal=Journal of Northwest Anthropology |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=47-70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nimmo |first=Evelyn R. |last2=Carvalho |first2=Alessandra I. de |last3=Laverdi |first3=Robson |last4=Lacerda |first4=André E. B. |date=2020 |title=Oral history and traditional ecological knowledge in social innovation and smallholder sovereignty: a case study of erva-mate in Southern Brazil |url=https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol25/iss4/art17/ |journal=Ecology and Society |language=en |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=art17 |doi=10.5751/ES-11942-250417 |issn=1708-3087}}</ref> Further indigenous science promotes the idea that every culture has its own science and understanding of the world.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ogawa |first=Masakata |date=1995 |title=Science education in a multiscience perspective |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sce.3730790507 |journal=Science Education |language=en |volume=79 |issue=5 |pages=583–593 |doi=10.1002/sce.3730790507 |issn=0036-8326}}</ref> This point of view helps scientists and policy maker adopt new paradigms to better understand the way natural world works.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Colorado |first=Pam |date=1988-01-01 |title=Bridging Native and Western Science |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1437894282 |journal=Convergence |volume=21 |issue=2 |via=ProQuest}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Jay T. |last2=Howitt |first2=Richard |last3=Cajete |first3=Gregory |last4=Berkes |first4=Fikret |last5=Louis |first5=Renee Pualani |last6=Kliskey |first6=Andrew |date=2016 |title=Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11625-015-0349-x |journal=Sustainability Science |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1007/s11625-015-0349-x |issn=1862-4065}}</ref> While there are differences in the use of and structure between indigenous science and scientific knowledge it is important to note that indigenous science has an empirical basis and has traditionally been used to predict and understand the world.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stevenson |first=Marc G. |date=1996 |title=Indigenous Knowledge in Environmental Assessment |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40512004 |journal=Arctic |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=278–291 |issn=0004-0843}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/137342338 |title=Traditional ecological knowledge : concepts and cases |date=1993 |others=Julian Inglis, International Program on Traditional Ecological Knowledge, International Development Research Centre, International Association for the Study of Common Property. Meeting, Common Property Conference |isbn=9780889366831 |location=Ottawa, Ont., Canada |oclc=137342338}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kadykalo |first=Andrew N. |last2=Cooke |first2=Steven J. |last3=Young |first3=Nathan |date=2021 |title=The role of western‐based scientific, Indigenous and local knowledge in wildlife management and conservation |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pan3.10194 |journal=People and Nature |language=en |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=610–626 |doi=10.1002/pan3.10194 |issn=2575-8314}}</ref> There are numerous examples of how indigenous science has helped address ecological challenges including the restoration of salmon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Footen |first=Brian |title=Darkness to Dawn: Columbia River Native Tribes’ Science and Salmon Restoration Success {{!}} Native Case Studies |url=https://nativecases.evergreen.edu/collection/cases/darkness-to-dawn-columbia-river-native-tribes-science-and-salmon-restoration-success |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=Native Case Studies}}</ref> outbreaks of hantavirus,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stumpff |first=Linda |title=Hantavirus and the Navajo Nation: A Double Jeopardy Disease {{!}} Native Case Studies |url=https://nativecases.evergreen.edu/collection/cases/hantavirus-navajo |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=Native Case Studies}}</ref> and addressing wildfires <ref>{{Cite web |last=Stumpff |first=Linda |title=Your Tribal Land is Not Secure: Traditional Knowledge and Science Face Wildfire in the Valley of the Wild Roses {{!}} Native Case Studies |url=https://nativecases.evergreen.edu/collection/cases/your-tribal-land-is-not-secure-traditional-knowledge-and-science-face-wildfire-in-the-valley-of-the-wild-roses |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=Native Case Studies}}</ref> |
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'''Indigenous science (IS)''' is a [[pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]]<ref>https://whyevolutionistrue.com/2022/06/24/indigenous-science-center-set-up-before-they-could-decide-what-indigenous-science-is/</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLSYo_YDVVk</ref> epistemological concept that presents [[Native American]] and [[Aboriginal Australian]] traditions as viable alternatives to "Western" science. |
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Proponents of indigenous science claim that the standard [[scientific method]] (which they refer to as "Western science") is only one of many valid ways of doing science, and that it is unfairly prioritized only because of racism and colonialism.<ref>https://www.vox.com/down-to-earth/22849782/nature-conservation-indigenous-science-jessica-hernandez</ref><ref>https://wisn.org/about/what-is-indigenous-science/</ref><ref>https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/indigenous-science/</ref> |
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In 2022, plans to teach indigenous science in schools in Ontario, Canada were canceled.<ref>https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-indigenous-science-framework-removed-from-ontario-elementary-school/ {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2022}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Postmodernism]] |
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* [[Lysenkoism]] |
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* [[List of topics characterized as pseudoscience]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Oral tradition]] |
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[[Category:History of science]] |
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[[Category:Traditional knowledge]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous culture]] |
Revision as of 20:25, 7 August 2022
Indigenous science is the application and intersection of indigenous knowledge and science, in ecology and biology this is sometimes termed "traditional ecological knowledge".[1][2][3] Often this knowledge and experiences are passed down orally generation to generation.[4][5] Further indigenous science promotes the idea that every culture has its own science and understanding of the world.[6] This point of view helps scientists and policy maker adopt new paradigms to better understand the way natural world works.[7][8] While there are differences in the use of and structure between indigenous science and scientific knowledge it is important to note that indigenous science has an empirical basis and has traditionally been used to predict and understand the world.[9][10][11] There are numerous examples of how indigenous science has helped address ecological challenges including the restoration of salmon,[12] outbreaks of hantavirus,[13] and addressing wildfires [14]
References
- ^ Gregory., Cajete, (2000). Native science : natural laws of interdependence. Clear Light Publishers. ISBN 1-57416-035-4. OCLC 610678710.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Huntington, Henry P. (2000). "USING TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN SCIENCE: METHODS AND APPLICATIONS". Ecological Applications. 10 (5): 1270–1274. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1270:UTEKIS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1051-0761.
- ^ Cajete, Gregory A. (2020-11-17). "Indigenous Science, Climate Change, and Indigenous Community Building: A Framework of Foundational Perspectives for Indigenous Community Resilience and Revitalization". Sustainability. 12 (22): 9569. doi:10.3390/su12229569. ISSN 2071-1050.
- ^ Reynolds, Nathaniel; Romano, Marc (2013). "Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Reconstructing Historical Run Timing and Spawning Distribution of Eulachon through Tribal Oral History". Journal of Northwest Anthropology. 47 (1): 47–70.
- ^ Nimmo, Evelyn R.; Carvalho, Alessandra I. de; Laverdi, Robson; Lacerda, André E. B. (2020). "Oral history and traditional ecological knowledge in social innovation and smallholder sovereignty: a case study of erva-mate in Southern Brazil". Ecology and Society. 25 (4): art17. doi:10.5751/ES-11942-250417. ISSN 1708-3087.
- ^ Ogawa, Masakata (1995). "Science education in a multiscience perspective". Science Education. 79 (5): 583–593. doi:10.1002/sce.3730790507. ISSN 0036-8326.
- ^ Colorado, Pam (1988-01-01). "Bridging Native and Western Science". Convergence. 21 (2) – via ProQuest.
- ^ Johnson, Jay T.; Howitt, Richard; Cajete, Gregory; Berkes, Fikret; Louis, Renee Pualani; Kliskey, Andrew (2016). "Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods". Sustainability Science. 11 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1007/s11625-015-0349-x. ISSN 1862-4065.
- ^ Stevenson, Marc G. (1996). "Indigenous Knowledge in Environmental Assessment". Arctic. 49 (3): 278–291. ISSN 0004-0843.
- ^ Traditional ecological knowledge : concepts and cases. Julian Inglis, International Program on Traditional Ecological Knowledge, International Development Research Centre, International Association for the Study of Common Property. Meeting, Common Property Conference. Ottawa, Ont., Canada. 1993. ISBN 9780889366831. OCLC 137342338.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Kadykalo, Andrew N.; Cooke, Steven J.; Young, Nathan (2021). "The role of western‐based scientific, Indigenous and local knowledge in wildlife management and conservation". People and Nature. 3 (3): 610–626. doi:10.1002/pan3.10194. ISSN 2575-8314.
- ^ Footen, Brian. "Darkness to Dawn: Columbia River Native Tribes' Science and Salmon Restoration Success | Native Case Studies". Native Case Studies. Retrieved 2022-08-07.
- ^ Stumpff, Linda. "Hantavirus and the Navajo Nation: A Double Jeopardy Disease | Native Case Studies". Native Case Studies. Retrieved 2022-08-07.
- ^ Stumpff, Linda. "Your Tribal Land is Not Secure: Traditional Knowledge and Science Face Wildfire in the Valley of the Wild Roses | Native Case Studies". Native Case Studies. Retrieved 2022-08-07.