Henderson v. Box | |
---|---|
Court | United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit |
Full case name | Ashlee and Ruby Henderson et al. v. Kristina Box |
Decided | January 17, 2020 |
Case history | |
Appealed from | United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana |
Appealed to | Supreme Court of the United States |
Case opinions | |
Decision by | Frank Easterbrook |
Henderson v. Box was a case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled that Indiana must list same-sex parents on their child's birth certificate. The case was brought before the court by eight lesbian couples from Indiana who conceived through artificial insemination.[1]
Background
While Indiana began allowing same-sex couples to marry in 2015 following the Supreme Court's ruling on Obergefell v. Hodges, the Indiana Department of Vital Records refused to list same-sex spouses on their children' birth certificates.[2] Indiana's birth certificate system would not list the birth mother's wife's name unless they adopted their children[3] and children of same-sex parents would be deemed to have been born "out of wedlock".[4] Married opposite-sex couples with children are granted "presumption of parenthood", wherein the husband of the mother is assumed to be the child's father.[5] This presumption of parenthood was not extended to non-biological parents and non-birth mothers.[6]
Eight lesbian couples who conceived children through sperm donation filed a lawsuit to have both parents listed on their children's birth certificates.[1][2] In 2016, the federal District Court for the Southern District of Indiana ordered the state to place the spouses of people who gave birth on their children's birth certificate, regardless of the spouses' gender.[2]
Opinion of the Court
On January 17, 2020, Judge Easterbrook published an opinion confirming that Indiana's parentage system discriminated against same-sex parents. He held that the rules violated the precedent established in Obergefell v. Hodges and Pavan v. Smith.[3] The 7th Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the district court's decision by acknowledging Indiana's refusal to recognize both married parents as unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment and the Equal Protection Clause.[7]
Supreme Court Appeal
In June 2020, Indiana's Attorney General Curtis Hill filed a petition to the Supreme Court, requesting it to review the federal appeals court's ruling.[8] In November, he filed a brief, making a case for the reversal of the court's decision.[9] In December, the Supreme Court declined to take up the case, in what was deemed a victory for LGBTQ families.[6]
References
- ^ a b "Supreme Court Upholds Marriage Equality".
- ^ a b c Vasquez, Christopher. "Henderson v. Box". National Center for Lesbian Rights. Retrieved 2022-06-28.
- ^ a b "After 32 Month Delay, 7th Circuit Affirms Equal Rights for Same-Sex Parents".
- ^ "Why Has a Federal Appeals Court Been Sitting on a Major Case for 32 Months?".
- ^ Vedder, James J.; Miller, Brittney M. (1 April 2018). "Presumptions in Paternity Cases: Who Is the Father in the Eyes of the Law?". www.americanbar.org. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "In 'victory' for LGBTQ families, Supreme Court denies Indiana birth certificate case".
- ^ Symdigital. "U. S. Supreme Court Refuses to Hear Challenge to Same-Sex Parent Birth Certificates: Box v. Henderson – News & Education – DeWitt LLP". www.dewittllp.com. Retrieved 2022-06-28.
- ^ "Indiana asks high court to review birth certificate ruling".
- ^ "Gay parents shouldn't both be on child's birth certificate, Indiana AG argues".