The World Portal
In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the world as unique while others talk of a "plurality of worlds". Some treat the world as one simple object while others analyze the world as a complex made up of many parts. In scientific cosmology the world or universe is commonly defined as "[t]he totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be". Theories of modality, on the other hand, talk of possible worlds as complete and consistent ways how things could have been. Phenomenology, starting from the horizon of co-given objects present in the periphery of every experience, defines the world as the biggest horizon or the "horizon of all horizons". In philosophy of mind, the world is commonly contrasted with the mind as that which is represented by the mind. Theology conceptualizes the world in relation to God, for example, as God's creation, as identical to God or as the two being interdependent. In religions, there is often a tendency to downgrade the material or sensory world in favor of a spiritual world to be sought through religious practice. A comprehensive representation of the world and our place in it, as is commonly found in religions, is known as a worldview. Cosmogony is the field that studies the origin or creation of the world while eschatology refers to the science or doctrine of the last things or of the end of the world.
In various contexts, the term "world" takes a more restricted meaning associated, for example, with the Earth and all life on it, with humanity as a whole or with an international or intercontinental scope. In this sense, world history refers to the history of humanity as a whole or world politics is the discipline of political science studying issues that transcend nations and continents. Other examples include terms such as "world religion", "world language", "world government", "world war", "world population", "world economy" or "world championship". (Full article...)
Selected articles - show another
- Image 1Planetary management is intentional global-scale management of Earth's biological, chemical and physical processes and cycles (water, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and others). Planetary management also includes managing humanity’s influence on planetary-scale processes. Effective planetary management aims to prevent destabilisation of Earth's climate, protect biodiversity and maintain or improve human well-being. More specifically, it aims to benefit society and the global economy, and safeguard the ecosystem services upon which humanity depends – global climate, freshwater supply, food, energy, clean air, fertile soil, pollinators, and so on.
Because of the sheer complexity and enormous scope of the task, it remains to be seen whether planetary management is a feasible paradigm for maintaining global sustainability. The concept currently has defenders and critics on both sides: environmentalist David W. Orr questions whether such a task can be accomplished with human help and technology or without first examining the underlying human causes, while geographer Vaclav Smil acknowledges that "the idea of planetary management may seem preposterous to many, but at this time in history there is no rational alternative". (Full article...) - Image 2
A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specific site for a period of time, typically between three and six months.
The term "world's fair" is commonly used in the United States, while the French term, Exposition universelle ("universal exhibition") is used in most of Europe and Asia; other terms include World Expo or Specialised Expo, with the word expo used for various types of exhibitions since at least 1958. (Full article...) - Image 3
The retreat of glaciers since 1850 affects the availability of fresh water for irrigation and domestic use, mountain recreation, animals and plants that depend on glacier-melt, and, in the longer term, the level of the oceans. Deglaciation occurs naturally at the end of ice ages, but glaciologists find the current glacier retreat is accelerated by the measured increase of atmospheric greenhouse gases—an effect of climate change. Mid-latitude mountain ranges such as the Himalayas, Rockies, Alps, Cascades, and the southern Andes, as well as isolated tropical summits such as Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa, are showing some of the largest proportionate glacial losses. Excluding peripheral glaciers of ice sheets, total global glacial losses were likely 5500 gigatons over 1993–2018.
The retreat of mountain glaciers, notably in western North America, Asia, the Alps and tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Africa and Indonesia, provide evidence for the rise in global temperatures since the late 19th century. The acceleration of the rate of retreat since 1995 of key outlet glaciers of the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets may foreshadow a rise in sea level, which would affect coastal regions. (Full article...) - Image 4
The first around the world sailing record for circumnavigation of the world was Juan Sebastián Elcano and the remaining members of Ferdinand Magellan's crew who completed their journey in 1522. The first solo record was set by Joshua Slocum in the Spray (1898).
The current record holders are IDEC 3, skippered by Francis Joyon in 40 days, 23 hours, 30 minutes and 30 seconds for a crewed journey, and François Gabart with Macif in 42 days, 16 hours, 40 minutes and 35 seconds for a solo journey. (Full article...) - Image 5
The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental and lobbying organisation based in Cologny, canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded on 24 January 1971 by German engineer and economist Klaus Schwab. The foundation, which is mostly funded by its 1,000 member companies – typically global enterprises with more than five billion US dollars in turnover – as well as public subsidies, views its own mission as "improving the state of the world by engaging business, political, academic, and other leaders of society to shape global, regional, and industry agendas".
The WEF is mostly known for its annual meeting at the end of January in Davos, a mountain resort in the eastern Alps region of Switzerland. The meeting brings together some 3,000 paying members and selected participants – among whom are investors, business leaders, political leaders, economists, celebrities and journalists – for up to five days to discuss global issues across 500 sessions. (Full article...) - Image 6The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established an international environmental treaty to combat "dangerous human interference with the climate system", in part by stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. It was signed by 154 states at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. It established a Secretariat headquartered in Bonn and entered into force on 21 March 1994. The treaty called for ongoing scientific research and regular meetings, negotiations, and future policy agreements designed to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.
The Kyoto Protocol, which was signed in 1997 and ran from 2005 to 2020, was the first implementation of measures under the UNFCCC. The Kyoto Protocol was superseded by the Paris Agreement, which entered into force in 2016. By 2020 the UNFCCC had 197 states parties. Its supreme decision-making body, the Conference of the Parties (COP), meets annually to assess progress in dealing with climate change. Because key signatory states are not adhering to their individual commitments, the UNFCCC has been criticized as being unsuccessful in reducing the emission of carbon dioxide since its adoption. (Full article...) - Image 7
The Age of Discovery (or the Age of Exploration), as known as the early modern period, was a period largely overlapping with the Age of Sail, approximately from the 15th century to the 17th century in European history, in which seafaring Europeans explored regions across the globe.
The extensive overseas exploration, with the Portuguese and the Spanish at the forefront, later joined by the Dutch, the English and the French, emerged as a powerful factor in European culture, most notably the European encounter and colonization of the Americas. It also marks an increased adoption of colonialism as a government policy in several European states. As such, it is sometimes synonymous with the first wave of European colonization. (Full article...)
General images - load new batch
Image 1Empires of the world in 1898 (from Human history)
Image 2Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man (c. 1490), Renaissance Italy (from Human history)
Image 3A 580 million year old fossil of Spriggina floundensi, an animal from the Ediacaran period. Such life forms could have been ancestors to the many new forms that originated in the Cambrian Explosion. (from History of Earth)
Image 4Earth topological map, the area is redder if it is raised higher in real-life (from Earth)
Image 5The first airplane, the Wright Flyer, flew, 1903. (from Human history)
Image 6Trilobites first appeared during the Cambrian period and were among the most widespread and diverse groups of Paleozoic organisms. (from History of Earth)
Image 7World War I trench warfare (from Human history)
Image 8Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (formerly Constantinople), Turkey (from Human history)
Image 9A reconstruction of human history based on fossil data. (from History of Earth)
Image 10Artist's conception of Devonian flora (from History of Earth)
Image 11Graph showing range of estimated partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen through geologic time (from History of Earth)
Image 12Monumental Cuneiform inscription, Sumer, Mesopotamia, 26th century BCE (from Human history)
Image 13Atomic bombings: Hiroshima, Nagasaki, 1945 (from Human history)
Image 14The Blue Marble, a photograph of the planet Earth made on 7 December 1972 by the crew of the Apollo 17 spacecraft. (from World)
Image 151570 world map, showing Europeans' discoveries (from Human history)
Image 16Last Moon landing: Apollo 17 (1972) (from Human history)
Image 17Earth's axial tilt and its relation to the rotation axis and planes of orbit (from Earth)
Image 18Planetary disk of a star, the inner ring has a radius equal to Earth and the Sun (from Earth)
Image 19Chennakesava Temple, Belur, India (from Human history)
Image 20A model of Vanguard 1, the oldest human-made object in Earth orbit (from Earth)
Image 22Geologic map of North America, color-coded by age. From most recent to oldest, age is indicated by yellow, green, blue, and red. The reds and pinks indicate rock from the Archean.
Image 24Obelisk of Axum, Ethiopia (from Human history)
Image 25An artist's rendering of a protoplanetary disk (from History of Earth)
Image 26Earthrise, taken in 1968 by William Anders, an astronaut on board Apollo 8 (from Earth)
Image 27Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia, founded 670 CE (from Human history)
Image 28Artist's impression of earth during the Archean eon, showing falling meteor, erupting volcano, round stromatolites, and barren landscape (from Earth)
Image 29Pillar erected by India's Maurya Emperor Ashoka (from Human history)
Image 31Maya observatory, Chichen Itza, Mexico (from Human history)
Image 32Persepolis, Achaemenid Empire, 6th century BCE (from Human history)
Image 33Cave painting, Lascaux, France, c. 15,000 BCE (from Human history)
Image 34A reconstruction of Pannotia (550 Ma). (from History of Earth)
Image 35Chloroplasts in the cells of a moss (from History of Earth)
Image 36Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci epitomizes the advances in art and science seen during the Renaissance. (from History of Earth)
Image 37Battle during 1281 Mongol invasion of Japan (from Human history)
Image 38Artist's impression of the enormous collision that probably formed the Moon (from History of Earth)
Image 39World population, 10,000 BCE – 2,000 CE (vertical population scale is logarithmic) (from Human history)
Image 40Dinosaurs were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates throughout most of the Mesozoic (from History of Earth)
Image 41The Pantheon in Rome, Italy, originally a Roman temple, now a Catholic church (from Human history)
Image 42Yggdrasil, a modern attempt to reconstruct the Norse world tree which connects the heavens, the world, and the underworld. (from World)
Image 43Earth's land use for human agriculture (from Earth)
Image 44The replicator in virtually all known life is deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is far more complex than the original replicator and its replication systems are highly elaborate. (from History of Earth)
Image 45Hagia Sophia, in Istanbul, is among the most recognizable symbols of the Byzantine civilization. (from Human history)
Image 46University of Timbuktu, Mali (from Human history)
Image 47Gutenberg Bible, ca. 1450, produced using movable type (from Human history)
Image 48China urbanized rapidly in the 21st century (Shanghai pictured). (from Human history)
Image 49Earth's history with time-spans of the eons to scale (from History of Earth)
Image 50Machu Picchu, Inca Empire, Peru (from Human history)
Image 51Angkor Wat temple, Cambodia, early 12th century (from Human history)
Image 52Civilians (here, Mỹ Lai, Vietnam, 1968) suffered greatly in 20th-century wars. (from Human history)
Image 53A brass "Benin Bronze" from Nigeria (from Human history)
Image 54Earth-Moon system seen from Mars (from Earth)
Image 56Tiktaalik, a fish with limb-like fins and a predecessor of tetrapods. Reconstruction from fossils about 375 million years old. (from History of Earth)
Image 57St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City. (from Human history)
Image 58Moai, Rapa Nui (Easter Island) (from Human history)
Image 59Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed from about 300 to 180 Ma. The outlines of the modern continents and other landmasses are indicated on this map. (from History of Earth)
Image 60Earth's rotation imaged by Deep Space Climate Observatory, showing axis tilt (from Earth)
Image 61Artist's conception of Hadean Eon Earth, when it was much hotter and inhospitable to all forms of life. (from History of Earth)
Image 62Water is transported to various parts of the hydrosphere via the water cycle (from Earth)
Image 63Top of Earth's blue-tinted atmosphere, with the Moon at the background (from Earth)
Image 64Ming dynasty section, Great Wall of China (from Human history)
Image 65Taj Mahal, Mughal Empire, India (from Human history)
Image 66A banded iron formation from the 3.15 Ga Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Red layers represent the times when oxygen was available; gray layers were formed in anoxic circumstances. (from History of Earth)
Image 67Schematic of Earth's magnetosphere, with the solar wind flows from left to right (from Earth)
Image 68Change in average surface air temperature since the industrial revolution, plus drivers for that change. Human activity has caused increased temperatures, with natural forces adding some variability. (from Earth)
Image 69The Buddha (from Human history)
Image 70Great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt (from Human history)
Image 71Notre-Dame de Paris in Paris, France: is among the most recognizable symbols of the civilization of Christendom. (from Human history)
Image 72Lithified stromatolites on the shores of Lake Thetis, Western Australia. Archean stromatolites are the first direct fossil traces of life on Earth. (from History of Earth)
Image 74Cross-section through a liposome (from History of Earth)
Image 75Crusader Krak des Chevaliers, Syria (from Human history)
Image 76Astronaut Bruce McCandless II outside of the Space Shuttle Challenger in 1984 (from History of Earth)
Image 77Watt's steam engine powered the Industrial Revolution. (from Human history)
Megacities of the world - show another
Shenzhen (/ˌʃɛnˈdʒɛn/; /ʃɛnˈʒɛn/; Chinese: 深圳; pinyin: Shēnzhèn; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʂə́n.ʈʂə̂n] (listen)), also historically known as Sham Chun, is a major sub-provincial city and one of the special economic zones of China. The city is located on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of southern province of Guangdong, bordering Hong Kong to the south, Dongguan to the north, and Huizhou to the northeast. With a population of 17.56 million as of 2020, Shenzhen is the third most populous city proper in China. Shenzhen is a global center in technology, research, manufacturing, business and economics, finance, tourism and transportation, and the Port of Shenzhen is the world's fourth busiest container port.
Shenzhen roughly follows the administrative boundaries of Bao'an County, which was established since imperial times. The southern portion of Bao'an County was seized by the British after the Opium Wars and became Hong Kong, while the village of Shenzhen was situated on the border. Due to the completion of a train station that was the last stop on the Mainland Chinese section of the railway between Guangzhou and Kowloon, Shenzhen's economy grew and became a market town and later a city by 1979, absorbing Bao'an County for the next decade. (Full article...)Did you know - load new batch
- ... that Hawaiian princess Kaʻiulani was an avid surfer and professed in an interview, "I'm sure I was a seal in another world because I am so fond of the water"?
- ... that the Baratal limestone in Russia may be one of the oldest atolls in the world?
- ... that TIC 168789840 is the first known six-star stellar system in which the stars can be observed eclipsing one another from Earth?
- ... that according to Slavic mythology, the creation of the world required the cooperation of a "good god" and an "evil god"?
- ... that the Ba Congress failed to prevent the Allies of World War II from breaking off contact with Draža Mihailović's Chetnik movement?
- ... that bobsleigh pusher Pavle Jovanovic was "one of the most feared brakemen" on the Bobsleigh World Cup circuit?
- ... that New Zealand rower Hannah Osborne unexpectedly displaced the current double world champion in double scull, Olivia Loe, to win a silver medal at the ongoing Olympic Games?
- ... that Belinda Archer won Australia's first World Artistic Gymnastics Championships team medal in 2003?
Countries of the world - show another
Grenada (/ɡrəˈneɪdə/ (listen) grə-NAY-də; Grenadian Creole French: Gwenad /ɡwiˈnaɪd/) is an island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain. Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), and it had an estimated population of 112,523 in July 2020. Its capital is St. George's. Grenada is also known as the "Island of Spice" due to its production of nutmeg and mace crops.
The Seven Wonders of Portugal (Portuguese: Sete Maravilhas de Portugal) is a list of cultural wonders located in Portugal. The creation of the list was supported by the Ministry of Culture and organized by the companies Y&R Brands S.A. and Realizar S.A.
Initially 793 national monuments of Portugal were listed by Instituto Português do Património Arquitectónico (IPPAR) as candidates, however in the first round of selections a board of experts reduced the number to 77. The contenders were further reduced to 21 finalist in four different categories by Conselho de Notáveis at the University of Évora. (Full article...)Related portals
Protected areas of the world - load new batch
- Image 1
This is a list of protected areas of Yukon. The Yukon, formerly called Yukon Territory and sometimes referred to as just Yukon is the smallest and westernmost of Canada's three territories. It also is the least populated province or territory in Canada, with a population of 35,874 people as of the 2016 Census. (Full article...) - Image 2The Australian Capital Territory as of 2014 contains 46 separate protected areas with a total land area of 1,302 km2 (503 sq mi) or 55.5% of the territory's area, and which managed by Territory and Municipal Services of the ACT government: (Full article...)
- Image 3The protected areas of South Africa include national parks and marine protected areas managed by the national government, public nature reserves managed by provincial and local governments, and private nature reserves managed by private landowners. Most protected areas are intended for the conservation of flora and fauna. National parks are maintained by South African National Parks (SANParks). A number of national parks have been incorporated in transfrontier conservation areas.
Protected areas may also be protected for their value and importance as historical, cultural heritage or scientific sites. More information on these can be found in the list of heritage sites in South Africa. (Full article...) - Image 4This is a list of protected areas in Bulgaria which includes 3 national parks, 11 nature parks and 55 nature reserves. The national policy for governing and management of the protected areas is implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Water. The first nature park in Bulgaria and the Balkan Peninsula is Vitosha Nature Park, established in 1934. All of the nationally protected areas in Bulgaria are also part of the Natura 2000 network of protected natural areas in the territory of the European Union.
Parks in bolded letters are declared PAN Parks (Full article...) - Image 5
Protected areas of Poland include the following categories, as defined by the Act on Protection of Nature (Polish: Ustawa o ochronie przyrody) of 16 April 2004, by the Polish Parliament: (Full article...) - Image 6
This list of protected areas of Quebec includes federally, provincially and municipally administered parks and wildlife reserves in Quebec, the largest province in Canada. (Full article...) - Image 7
Western Australia is the second largest country subdivision in the world. It contains no fewer than 1224 separate Protected Areas with a total area of 170,610 km2 (65,870 sq mi) (land area: 159,151 km2 (61,449 sq mi) – 6.30% of the state’s area). Ninety-eight of these are National Parks, totalling 56,680.65 km2 (21,884.52 sq mi) (2.14% of the state’s area). (Full article...) - Image 8
The protected areas of Albania comprise a number of various current designations across the territory of the country. The national policy for governing and management of the protected areas is implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Tourism through the National Agency of Protected Areas of Albania (AKZM). Currently, there are 799 protected areas including 14 national parks, 1 marine park, 2 nature reserves, 22 managed nature reserves, 5 protected landscapes and 770 other protected areas of various categories. Further a biosphere reserve, 3 world heritage sites, 4 ramsar sites, 45 important plant areas and 16 important bird areas are located in Albania. Meanwhile, the Albanian government has proclaimed the Coastline of Albania and the Tirana Greenbelt as areas of national importance.
However, protected areas are being threatened by illegal logging, forest fires, and the construction of hydroelectric power plants which have prompted several protests from environmentalists and civil society, meanwhile the logging and hunting moratorium has somewhat successfully revived the fauna and flora of some protected areas. (Full article...) - Image 9The protected areas of Kerala include a wide range of biomes, extending east from the coral reefs, estuaries, salt marshes, mangroves beaches of the Arabian Sea through the tropical moist broadleaf forests of the Malabar Coast moist forests to the North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests and South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests to South Western Ghats montane rain forests on the western border of Tamil Nadu in the Western Ghats. Most protected areas throughout its 14 districts are under the stewardship of the Kerala Forest Department and like all other protected areas of India receive support from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (India). (Full article...)
- Image 10
This is a list of protected areas of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 163 million people in an area of either 148,460 square kilometres (57,320 sq mi) or 147,570 square kilometres (56,980 sq mi), making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. (Full article...) - Image 11
Protected areas of Russia, (official Russian title: Russian: Особо охраняемые природные территории, literally "Specially Protected Natural Areas"), is governed by the corresponding 1995 law of the Russian Federation. (Full article...) - Image 12The country of Burundi in Africa has the following national parks and other protected areas. (Full article...)
- Image 13As of present, there are around 400 protected areas in Pakistan that are recognized by IUCN. The total protected land area represents 13% of Pakistan's landmass as of 2020, The Government of Pakistan plans to increase it to at least 15% by 2023. (Full article...)
- Image 14Protected areas of Indonesia comprise both terrestrial and marine environments in any of the six IUCN Protected Area categories. There are over 500 protected areas in Indonesia, of which 54 National Park are covering 16.4 million ha, and another 527 nature and game reserves cover further 28.3 million ha. The total protected land area represents over 15% of Indonesia's landmass. Marine Protected Areas comprise over 15.7 million ha representing ca. 5% of territorial waters. (Full article...)
- Image 15
The wildlife of Chad is composed of its flora and fauna. Bush elephants, West African lions, buffalo, hippopotamuses, Kordofan giraffes, antelopes, African leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, and many species of snakes are found there, although most large carnivore populations have been drastically reduced since the early 20th century. Elephant poaching, particularly in the south of the country in areas such as Zakouma National Park, is a severe problem. (Full article...)
Selected world maps
Image 1A plate tectonics map with volcano locations indicated with red circles
Image 21516 map of the world by Martin Waldseemüller
Image 3The Goode homolosine projection is a pseudocylindrical, equal-area, composite map projection used for world maps.
Image 4The world map by Gerardus Mercator (1569), the first map in the well-known Mercator projection
Image 5United Nations Human Development Index map by country (2016)
Image 6Index map from the International Map of the World (1:1,000,000 scale)
Image 7Mollweide projection of the world
Image 8Only a few of the largest large igneous provinces appear (coloured dark purple) on this geological map, which depicts crustal geologic provinces as seen in seismic refraction data
Image 9Time zones of the world
World records
- List of Olympic records in athletics
- List of world records in athletics
- List of junior world records in athletics
- List of world records in masters athletics
- List of world youth bests in athletics
- List of IPC world records in athletics
- List of world records in canoeing
- List of world records in chess
- List of cycling records
- List of world records in track cycling
- List of world records in finswimming
- List of world records in juggling
- List of world records in rowing
- List of world records in speed skating
- List of world records in swimming
- List of IPC world records in swimming
- List of world records in Olympic weightlifting
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