Vital articles is a list of subjects for which Wikipedia should have corresponding high-quality articles. It serves as a centralized watchlist to track the status of Wikipedia's most essential articles. This is one of the sub-lists of the fifty thousand article Vital articles/Level 5 and is currently under construction.
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Total articles: 1,336/1,300
Philosophers (294 articles)
Ancient (57 articles)
Anaxagoras
Anaximander
Anaximenes of Miletus
Antisthenes
Aristoxenus
Aristotle (Level 3)
Augustine of Hippo (Level 4)
Carneades
Cicero (Level 3)
Confucius (Level 3)
Demetrius of Phalerum
Democritus (Level 4)
Diogenes (Level 4)
Dong Zhongshu
Empedocles
Epictetus
Epicurus (Level 4)
Gārgī Vāchaknavī
Gongsun Long
Gorgias
Han Fei (Level 4)
Heraclitus (Level 4)
Hui Shi
Iamblichus
Kaṇāda (philosopher) (Level 4)
Laozi (Level 3)
Li Si (Level 4)
Lucretius (Level 4)
Mencius (Level 4)
Mozi
Parmenides
Philo
Plato (Level 3)
Plotinus (Level 4)
Porphyry (philosopher)
Posidonius
Proclus
Protagoras
Ptahhotep
Pyrrho
Seneca the Younger (Level 4)
Shang Yang (Level 4)
Shen Buhai
Shen Dao
Socrates (Level 3)
Thales of Miletus (Level 4)
Theodoret
Theophrastus
Vātsyāyana
Xenophanes
Xu Xing (philosopher)
Xun Kuang (Level 4)
Yang Zhu
Zeno of Citium
Zeno of Elea
Zhuang Zhou
Zou Yan
Post-classical (30 articles)
Peter Abelard (Level 4)
Albert of Saxony (philosopher)
Alcuin
Avempace
Averroes (Level 4)
Roger Bacon
Boethius
Jean Buridan
Cheng Hao
Cheng Yi (philosopher)
Hasdai Crescas
Duns Scotus (Level 4)
Francesc Eiximenis
John Scotus Eriugena
Al-Farabi (Level 4)
Robert Grosseteste
Héloïse
Ibn Tufail
Lu Jiuyuan
Marsilius of Inghen
Nicole Oresme
John Philoponus
Prabhākara
Thomas Aquinas (Level 3)
Vāchaspati Misra
Wang Yangming (Level 4)
William of Ockham (Level 4)
Zhang Zai
Zhou Dunyi
Zhu Xi (Level 4)
Early modern (36 articles)
Judah Leon Abravanel
Francesco Algarotti
Francis Bacon (Level 4)
Pierre Bayle
Jeremy Bentham (Level 4)
George Berkeley (Level 4)
Jakob Böhme
Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d'Argens
Giordano Bruno (Level 4)
Thomas Cajetan
Pietru Caxaro
Marquis de Condorcet
Dai Zhen
John Dee
René Descartes (Level 3)
Denis Diderot (Level 4)
Erasmus (Level 4)
Adam Ferguson
Johann Gottlieb Fichte (Level 4)
Marsilio Ficino
Claude Adrien Helvétius
Johann Gottfried Herder
David Hume (Level 4)
Immanuel Kant (Level 3)
Jean de La Bruyère
Julien Offray de La Mettrie
Nicolas Malebranche
Nicholas of Cusa
Thomas Reid
Johann Reuchlin
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (Level 4)
Baruch Spinoza (Level 4)
Dugald Stewart
Giambattista Vico
Francisco de Vitoria
Adam Weishaupt
Modern (171 articles)
Giorgio Agamben
Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz
William Alston
Louis Althusser
G. E. M. Anscombe
Hannah Arendt (Level 4)
Raymond Aron
J. L. Austin
A. J. Ayer
Gaston Bachelard
Alain Badiou
Georges Bataille
Simone de Beauvoir (Level 4)
Henri Bergson (Level 4)
Isaiah Berlin (Level 4)
Simon Blackburn
Maurice Blanchot
Bernard Bosanquet (philosopher)
F. H. Bradley
Martin Buber
Ludwig Büchner
Mario Bunge
Judith Butler
Georges Canguilhem
Thomas Carlyle
Rudolf Carnap
Ernst Cassirer
Pyotr Chaadayev
Houston Stewart Chamberlain
Nikolay Chernyshevsky
Patricia Churchland
Emil Cioran
R. G. Collingwood
Auguste Comte (Level 4)
Benjamin Constant
Victor Cousin
Benedetto Croce
Mary Daly
Surendranath Dasgupta
Donald Davidson (philosopher)
Gilles Deleuze
Daniel Dennett
Jacques Derrida (Level 4)
John Dewey (Level 4)
Hubert Dreyfus
Pierre Duhem
Ronald Dworkin
Ralph Waldo Emerson (Level 4)
Rudolf Christoph Eucken
Julius Evola
Frantz Fanon (Level 4)
Feng Youlan
Luc Ferry
Ludwig Feuerbach
Paul Feyerabend
John Fiske (philosopher)
Antony Flew
Pavel Florensky
Vilém Flusser
Jerry Fodor
Michel Foucault (Level 4)
Egon Friedell
Nikolai Fyodorovich Fyodorov
Hans-Georg Gadamer
David Gauthier
Rebecca Goldstein
Gérard Granel
A. C. Grayling
T. H. Green
Félix Guattari
Jürgen Habermas (Level 4)
R. M. Hare
Sam Harris
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (Level 4)
Martin Heidegger (Level 4)
Johann Friedrich Herbart
John Hick
Jaakko Hintikka
Douglas Hofstadter
Friedrich Hölderlin
Edmund Husserl (Level 4)
Ivan Illich
William James (Level 4)
Karl Jaspers
Eino Kaila
Aleksey Khomyakov
Søren Kierkegaard (Level 4)
Saul Kripke
Julia Kristeva
Thomas Kuhn
Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe
Imre Lakatos
Dominique Lecourt
Emmanuel Levinas
Bernard-Henri Lévy
David Lewis (philosopher)
Bernard Lonergan
Hermann Lotze
Karl Löwith
Jean-François Lyotard
György Lukács
Alasdair MacIntyre
J. L. Mackie
Gabriel Marcel
Herbert McCabe
John McDowell
Marshall McLuhan (Level 4)
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Mary Midgley
John Stuart Mill (Level 4)
G. E. Moore
Mou Zongsan
Thomas Nagel
Jean-Luc Nancy
Otto Neurath
Friedrich Nietzsche (Level 3)
Robert Nozick
Martha Nussbaum
Michel Onfray
José Ortega y Gasset
Derek Parfit
Theodore Parker
Leonard Peikoff
Charles Sanders Peirce (Level 4)
Robert M. Pirsig
Alvin Plantinga
Michael Polanyi
Karl Popper (Level 4)
Hilary Putnam
Willard Van Orman Quine
John Rawls (Level 4)
Paul Ricœur
Richard Rorty
Alfred Rosenberg
Josiah Royce
Bertrand Russell (Level 4)
Gilbert Ryle
George Santayana
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
Jean-Paul Sartre (Level 4)
Max Scheler
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Schleiermacher
Moritz Schlick
Arthur Schopenhauer (Level 4)
Albert Schweitzer
Roger Scruton
John Searle
Lev Shestov
Peter Singer
Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher)
Oswald Spengler
Rudolf Steiner
Bernard Stiegler
Max Stirner
David Stove
D. T. Suzuki
Tang Chun-i
Charles Taylor (philosopher)
Judith Jarvis Thomson
Henry David Thoreau (Level 4)
Miguel de Unamuno
Alan Watts
Cornel West
William Whewell
Alfred North Whitehead (Level 4)
Bernard Williams
Ludwig Wittgenstein (Level 4)
Xiong Shili
Yan Fu
Slavoj Žižek
Historians (176 articles)
Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak
Brooks Adams
Henry Adams
Stephen E. Ambrose
Charles McLean Andrews
Philippe Ariès
Arrian
François Victor Alphonse Aulard
Ban Gu
Ban Zhao
George Bancroft
Vasily Bartold
Jacques Barzun
Charles Bean
Charles A. Beard (Level 4)
Bede (Level 4)
Antony Beevor
Samuel Flagg Bemis
Ernst Bernheim
Geoffrey Blainey
Marc Bloch
Daniel J. Boorstin
Randolph L. Braham
Fernand Braudel (Level 4)
David Bret
James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce
Lawrence Johnstone Burpee
Robert Caro
E. H. Carr
Cassius Dio
Bruce Catton
Edward Channing
Ron Chernow
Lucius Cincius Alimentus
Manning Clark
Henry Steele Commager
Robert Conquest
Quintus Curtius Rufus
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton
Pierre Claude François Daunou
John Charles Dent
Bernard DeVoto
Johann Gustav Droysen
William Archibald Dunning
Ariel Durant
Will Durant
Elizabeth Eisenstein
Elizabeth F. Ellet
Eusebius (Level 4)
Richard J. Evans
Quintus Fabius Pictor
Lucien Febvre
Niall Ferguson
Robert Fogel
Peter Force
John Hope Franklin
Douglas Southall Freeman
Jean Froissart (Level 4)
James Anthony Froude
Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Samuel Rawson Gardiner
Eugene Genovese
Geoffrey of Monmouth (Level 4)
Pieter Geyl
Gregory of Tours
François Guizot
Yuval Noah Harari
Karl von Hegel
Herodian
Herodotus (Level 3)
Christopher Hill (historian)
Eric Hobsbawm (Level 4)
Richard Hofstadter
Michael Howard (historian)
Hrotsvitha
Huang Xianfan
Johan Huizinga
Hyacinth (Bichurin)
Ibn Khaldun (Level 3)
Walter Isaacson
C. L. R. James
Johannes Magnus
Johannes Messenius
John of Ephesus
Josephus (Level 4)
Nikolay Karamzin (Level 4)
Ian Kershaw
Anna Komnene
Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
Karl Lamprecht
Philippa Langley
Marcia Langton
Jacques Le Goff
Georges Lefebvre
Bernard Lewis
Livy
Elizabeth Longford
Thomas Babington Macaulay
Stuart Macintyre
Frederic William Maitland
Manetho
Manning Marable
Al-Masudi
David McCullough
J. R. McNeill
William H. McNeill (historian)
Megasthenes
Jules Michelet
James Mill
Samuel Eliot Morison
Benny Morris
John Lothrop Motley
Lewis Namier
Matrakçı Nasuh
Allan Nevins
Douglass North
František Palacký
Pamphile of Epidaurus
Ilan Pappé
Francis Parkman
Vernon Louis Parrington
Robert Paxton
Henri Pirenne
Plutarch (Level 4)
Polybius
William H. Prescott
Procopius
Michael Psellos
Benjamin Arthur Quarles
Leopold von Ranke (Level 4)
Rashid al-Din Hamadani
Ernest Renan
Henry Reynolds (historian)
James Harvey Robinson
Sai On
Sallust
Simon Schama
Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr.
Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
Avi Shlaim
Sima Guang
Sima Qian (Level 4)
Quentin Skinner
Snorri Sturluson
Albert Soboul
Socrates of Constantinople
Sergey Solovyov (historian)
Sozomen
Jared Sparks
David Starkey
Lawrence Stone
Lytton Strachey
Suetonius
Tacitus (Level 4)
R. H. Tawney
A. J. P. Taylor (Level 4)
Studs Terkel
Thucydides (Level 4)
Arnold J. Toynbee
Trần Trọng Kim
Heinrich von Treitschke
G. M. Trevelyan
Hugh Trevor-Roper
Barbara W. Tuchman
Frederick Jackson Turner (Level 4)
Shoqan Walikhanov
Julius Wellhausen
Richard Wolin
Carter G. Woodson
C. Vann Woodward
Wu Han (historian)
Xenophon (Level 4)
Yu Ying-shih
Howard Zinn
Zuo Qiuming
Social scientists (878 articles)
Economists and business theorists (135 articles)
George Akerlof
Maurice Allais
Kenneth Arrow
Emily Greene Balch
Abhijit Banerjee
Frédéric Bastiat
Gary Becker
Ben Bernanke
William Beveridge
Fischer Black
Olivier Blanchard
John Bowring
Lujo Brentano
James M. Buchanan
Arthur F. Burns
Richard Cantillon
Ronald Coase
Tyler Cowen
Angus Deaton
Gérard Debreu
Peter Diamond
Esther Duflo
Robert F. Engle
Eugene Fama
Irving Fisher
Milton Friedman (Level 4)
Ragnar Frisch
Walther Funk
John Kenneth Galbraith (Level 4)
Henry George
Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
Hermann Heinrich Gossen
Clive Granger
Alan Greenspan
Trygve Haavelmo
Alvin Hansen
Lars Peter Hansen
John Harsanyi
Oliver Hart (economist)
Friedrich Hayek (Level 4)
James Heckman
Eli Heckscher
Walter Heller
John Hicks
J. A. Hobson
Bengt Holmström
Leonid Hurwicz
John Maynard Keynes (Level 4)
Lawrence Klein
Tjalling Koopmans
Michael Kremer
Paul Krugman
Simon Kuznets
Finn E. Kydland
Edward Lazear
Wassily Leontief
W. Arthur Lewis
Friedrich List
Robert Lucas Jr.
Thomas Robert Malthus (Level 4)
Harry Markowitz
Alfred Marshall
Karl Marx (Level 3)
Eric Maskin
Daniel McFadden
James Meade
Carl Menger
Robert C. Merton
Merton Miller
James Mirrlees
Ludwig von Mises
Wesley Clair Mitchell
Franco Modigliani
Dale T. Mortensen
Dambisa Moyo
Robert Mundell
Roger Myerson
Gunnar Myrdal
William Nordhaus
Bertil Ohlin
Elinor Ostrom
Luca Pacioli
Vilfredo Pareto (Level 4)
William Petty
Edmund Phelps
Arthur Cecil Pigou
Thomas Piketty
Christopher A. Pissarides
Michael Porter
Edward C. Prescott
François Quesnay
Raghuram Rajan
David Ricardo (Level 4)
Joan Robinson
Paul Romer
Alvin E. Roth
Nouriel Roubini
Jeffrey Sachs
Paul Samuelson (Level 4)
Thomas J. Sargent
Jean-Baptiste Say
Hjalmar Schacht
Thomas Schelling
Myron Scholes
E. F. Schumacher
Joseph Schumpeter
Theodore Schultz
Edwin R. A. Seligman
Reinhard Selten
Amartya Sen
William F. Sharpe
James Shikwati
Robert J. Shiller
Herbert A. Simon
Christopher A. Sims
Adam Smith (Level 3)
Vernon L. Smith
Robert Solow
Werner Sombart
Michael Spence
George Stigler
Joseph Stiglitz
Richard Stone
Lawrence Summers
Lorie Tarshis
F. W. Taussig
Richard Thaler
Jan Tinbergen
Jean Tirole
James Tobin
Thorstein Veblen
William Vickrey
Oliver E. Williamson
Janet Yellen
Muhammad Yunus
Political scientists, theorists, and writers (49 articles)
Michel Aflaq
Benedict Anderson
Mikhail Bakunin (Level 4)
Murray Bookchin
Harry Browne
Zbigniew Brzezinski
Ralph Bunche
Edmund Burke (Level 4)
Malcolm Caldwell
Chanakya (Level 4)
Anders Chydenius
Anacharsis Cloots
Joseph Déjacque
Aleksandr Dugin
Norman Finkelstein
George Friedman
Francis Fukuyama
Ernest Gellner
Giovanni Gentile
William Godwin
Antonio Gramsci (Level 4)
Thomas Hobbes (Level 4)
Samuel P. Huntington
Fredric Jameson
Kang Youwei
Hugo Kołłątaj
Peter Kropotkin (Level 4)
Christian Lous Lange
John Locke (Level 3)
Niccolò Machiavelli (Level 3)
Charles Maurras
Montesquieu (Level 4)
Hans Morgenthau
Charles Murray (political scientist)
Thomas Paine (Level 4)
Frances Fox Piven
Robert D. Putnam
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (Level 4)
Murray Rothbard
Karl Rove
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
Nate Silver
Thomas Sowell
Herbert Spencer (Level 4)
Lysander Spooner
Leo Strauss
Alexis de Tocqueville (Level 4)
Mary Wollstonecraft (Level 3)
Francis Parker Yockey
Linguists (99 articles)
Gabdulkhay Akhatov
Mikhail Bakhtin
Charles Bally
Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
Derek Bickerton
Leonard Bloomfield
Andrzej Bogusławski
Franz Bopp
Cyrus Byington
Lyle Campbell
Noam Chomsky (Level 4)
Eve V. Clark
Henry Thomas Colebrooke
Matija Čop
Sándor Kőrösi Csoma
Vladimir Dal
Robert M. W. Dixon
Georges Dumézil
Penelope Eckert
Herbert Giles
Joseph Greenberg
Paul Grice
Mary Haas
Kenneth L. Hale
Morris Halle
Michael Halliday
Zellig Harris
Irene Heim
James Curtis Hepburn
Louis Hjelmslev
Wilhelm von Humboldt
Dell Hymes
Ray Jackendoff
Roman Jakobson
Otto Jespersen
William Jones (philologist)
Daniel Kane (linguist)
Richard S. Kayne
Vuk Karadžić
Paul Kiparsky
Athanasius Kircher
Samuel Kleinschmidt
Boris Kolker
Jernej Kopitar
Angelika Kratzer
Emil Krebs
William Labov
Peter Ladefoged
George Lakoff
Juri Lotman
Fred Lukoff
Alec Marantz
Mesrop Mashtots
Bedřich Hrozný
George M. McCune
Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti
Marianne Mithun
Max Müller
David Nash (linguist)
Johanna Nichols
Marc Okrand
Pāṇini (Level 4)
Barbara Partee
David J. Peterson
Paul Pimsleur
Steven Pinker
Alan Prince
Rasmus Rask
Edwin O. Reischauer
John R. Ross
Jerzy Rubach
Edward Sapir
Ferdinand de Saussure (Level 4)
August Schleicher
Johann Martin Schleyer
Albert Sechehaye
Elisabeth Selkirk
Sequoyah (Level 4)
Michael Silverstein
Walter William Skeat
William A. Smalley
Sergei Starostin
Morris Swadesh
Michel Thomas
Alfredo Trombetti
Nikolai Trubetzkoy
Keng Vannsak
Michael Ventris
Thomas Francis Wade
Noah Webster (Level 4)
Benjamin Lee Whorf
Anna Wierzbicka
Xu Shen
Shong Lue Yang
Robert W. Young
L. L. Zamenhof
Zhou Youguang
Pio Zirimu
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Sociologists (68 articles)
Theodor W. Adorno (Level 4)
Jean Baudrillard
Ulrich Beck
Daniel Bell
Peter Blau
Pierre Bourdieu (Level 4)
Manuel Castells
Nicholas Christakis
Stanley Cohen (sociologist)
James Samuel Coleman
Charles Cooley
Vahakn Dadrian
Ralf Dahrendorf
Guy Debord
W. E. B. Du Bois (Level 4)
Émile Durkheim (Level 4)
Norbert Elias
Friedrich Engels (Level 4)
George Fitzhugh
E. Franklin Frazier
Harold Garfinkel
Anthony Giddens
Erving Goffman
Ziya Gökalp
Paul Goodman
Jack Halberstam
Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)
George C. Homans
Max Horkheimer
Akhtar Hameed Khan
Alexandre Lacassagne
Paul Lazarsfeld
Bruno Latour
Yuri Levada
Seymour Martin Lipset
Cesare Lombroso
Niklas Luhmann
Karl Mannheim
James G. March
Herbert Marcuse
Harriet Martineau
Marcel Mauss (Level 4)
George Herbert Mead
Robert K. Merton
John W. Meyer
C. Wright Mills
Lewis Mumford
Antonio Negri
Camille Paglia
Robert E. Park
Talcott Parsons (Level 4)
Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play
Albion Woodbury Small
Georg Simmel
Henri de Saint-Simon
Pitirim Sorokin
William Graham Sumner
Charles Tilly
Ferdinand Tönnies
Immanuel Wallerstein
Lester Frank Ward
Max Weber (Level 4)
Edvard Westermarck
Harrison White
Raymond Williams
Louis Wirth
Marvin Wolfgang
Florian Znaniecki
Anthropologists and archaeologists (94 articles)
Lila Abu-Lughod
Arjun Appadurai
John Aubrey
Su Bai
Robert Ballard
Gregory Bateson
Giovanni Belzoni
Ruth Benedict
Lewis Binford
Hiram Bingham III
Davidson Black
Carl Blegen
Franz Boas (Level 4)
Dmitri Bondarenko
James Henry Breasted
Howard Carter
Alfonso Caso
Napoleon Chagnon
Jean-François Champollion
V. Gordon Childe
Grahame Clark
O. G. S. Crawford
Alexander Cunningham
Regna Darnell
Mary Douglas
Eugène Dubois
Ann Dunham
Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
A. P. Elkin
Arthur Evans
E. E. Evans-Pritchard
Paul Farmer
George R. Fischer
Dian Fossey
James George Frazer
Biruté Galdikas
Manuel Gamio
Clifford Geertz (Level 4)
Francis James Gillen
Marija Gimbutas
David Graeber
Marvin Harris
Zahi Hawass
George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon
Ian Hodder
Earnest Hooton
Arthur Keith
Kathleen Kenyon
Anatoly Khazanov
Mary Kingsley
Adam František Kollár
Andrey Korotayev
Alfred Kroeber
Jaap Kunst
Adam Kuper
Louis Leakey
Mary Leakey
Richard Leakey
Richard Borshay Lee
Claude Lévi-Strauss (Level 4)
Ralph Linton
Robert Lowie
Bronisław Malinowski (Level 4)
John Marshall (archaeologist)
Margaret Mead (Level 4)
Sidney Mintz
Ashley Montagu
Lewis H. Morgan
Iolo Morganwg
Margaret Murray
Sherry Ortner
Elsie Clews Parsons
Flinders Petrie
Alfred Radcliffe-Brown (Level 4)
Colin Renfrew
Audrey Richards
Marshall Sahlins
Nancy Scheper-Hughes
Heinrich Schliemann (Level 4)
George Smith (Assyriologist)
Walter Baldwin Spencer
Melford Spiro
Marilyn Strathern
William Stukeley
Josef Szombathy
Edward Burnett Tylor
Sherwood Washburn
Camilla Wedgwood
Mortimer Wheeler
Clark Wissler
Johann Joachim Winckelmann
Eric Wolf
Nur Yalman
Namkhai Norbu
Art historians, theorists and critics (79 articles)
Roland Barthes
André Bazin
Michael Barrier
Jerry Beck
Giannalberto Bendazzi
Paul Bénichou
Walter Benjamin
Bernard Berenson
Mary Berenson
John Berger
Harold Bloom
Anthony Blunt
Anita Brookner
T. Allston Brown
Kevin Brownlow
Jacob Burckhardt
Joseph Campbell
John Canaday
John Canemaker
Kenneth Clark
Cyril Connolly
William Dalrymple (historian)
Arthur Danto
Paul de Man
Gaston Deschamps
Sergei Diaghilev
Terry Eagleton
Roger Fry
Northrop Frye
Maureen Furniss
Mary Garrard
Henry Louis Gates Jr.
Henry Geldzahler
Édouard Glissant
Edmond de Goncourt
Clement Greenberg
Rufus Wilmot Griswold
Friedrich Gundolf
Eduard Hanslick
William Hazlitt
T. E. Hulme
S. T. Joshi
Otto Kallir
Donald Keene
Pierre Lasserre
Louis Leroy
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (Level 4)
Roberto Longhi
Michael Mallory
D. S. Mirsky
Linda Nochlin
Erwin Panofsky
Frank Popper
Vladimir Propp
Arlene Raven
Pierre Restany
Jean Ricardou
Pierre Rosenberg
William Michael Rossetti
John Ruskin
Edward Said (Level 4)
Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve
George Saintsbury
Jerry Saltz
Anita Sarkeesian
Andrew Sarris
Nicholas Serota
Viktor Shklovsky
Bernard Smith (art historian)
Frederic George Stephens
Stobaeus
John Addington Symonds
Hippolyte Taine
Lionel Trilling
Giorgio Vasari (Level 4)
Helen Vendler
Thomas Warton
Edmund Wilson
Zheng Zhenduo
Musicologists and music theorists (17 articles)
Classicists (17 articles)
Mary Beard (classicist)
John Beazley
Richard Bentley
Walter Burkert
Isaac Casaubon
Kenneth Dover
Eduard Fraenkel
Edward Gibbon (Level 4)
Edith Hamilton
Karl Lachmann
Theodor Mommsen (Level 4)
Richard Porson
Joseph Justus Scaliger
Ronald Syme
Martin Litchfield West
Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
Friedrich August Wolf
Educators (40 articles)
Felix Adler (professor)
Stella Adler
Amos Bronson Alcott
Mary McLeod Bethune
Louis Braille (Level 4)
Oscar Browning
Nicholas Murray Butler
James B. Conant
Ezra Cornell
Jane Elliott
Jaime Escalante
Drew Gilpin Faust
Abraham Flexner
Paulo Freire
Friedrich Fröbel
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
A. Bartlett Giamatti
John Harvard (clergyman)
Valentin Haüy
Émile Jaques-Dalcroze
Syed Ahmad Khan
Helen Kim
Clark Kerr
Anton Makarenko
Horace Mann
William Holmes McGuffey
Inés Mendoza
Maria Montessori (Level 4)
A. S. Neill
Alice Freeman Palmer
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
William Huntington Russell
Egerton Ryerson
Isawa Shūji
Lee Strasberg
Anne Sullivan
Konstantin Ushinsky
Eleazar Wheelock
Kate Douglas Wiggin
Elihu Yale
Forensic sciences (10 articles)
Geographers and cartographers (29 articles)
Martin Behaim
Charles Marie de La Condamine
Guillaume Delisle
George Everest
Oronce Finé
James Gall
Yaqut al-Hamawi
Heinrich Harrer
Sven Hedin
Jodocus Hondius
Muhammad al-Idrisi
Cosmas Indicopleustes
Johann Karl Ehrenfried Kegel
Wladimir Köppen
James Lovelock
Halford Mackinder
Clements Markham
Gerardus Mercator
Pomponius Mela
Abraham Ortelius
Pausanias (geographer)
Arno Peters
Jacques Piccard
Piri Reis
Matthias Ringmann
Carl Ritter
Strabo
Martin Waldseemüller
Don Walsh
Jurists (77 articles)
Bella Abzug
Gloria Allred
Garfield Barwick
Cesare Beccaria (Level 4)
Derrick Bell
Melvin Belli
Hugo Black
Harry Blackmun
William Blackstone (Level 4)
Gustave Boissonade
Robert Bork
Paolo Borsellino
Louis Brandeis
William J. Brennan Jr.
Vincent Bugliosi
Warren E. Burger
James Busby
René Cassin
Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
Johnnie Cochran
Roy Cohn
Edward Coke
Kimberlé Crenshaw
Clarence Darrow
Tom Denning, Baron Denning
Alan Dershowitz
Owen Dixon
William O. Douglas
Abd El-Razzak El-Sanhuri
Giovanni Falcone
Ben Ferencz
David Dudley Field II
Hans Frank
Roland Freisler
Melville Fuller
Gaius (jurist)
Alberico Gentili
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Mike Godwin
Hugo Grotius (Level 4)
Learned Hand
John Marshall Harlan
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
Hans Kelsen
William Kunstler
Geoffrey Lawrence, 1st Baron Oaksey
Raphael Lemkin
Lawrence Lessig
Francis Lieber
Robert R. Livingston
Catharine A. MacKinnon
John Marshall (Level 4)
Thurgood Marshall
Abner Mikva
Sergio Moro
William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield (Level 4)
Sandra Day O'Connor
Papinian
Radhabinod Pal
Richard Posner
Robert Joseph Pothier
Roscoe Pound
William Rehnquist
John Roberts
Antonin Scalia
Carl Schmitt
Ken Starr
John Paul Stevens
Potter Stewart
Joseph Story
William Stoughton (judge)
Roger B. Taney
Clarence Thomas
Tribonian
Jeremy Waldron
Earl Warren
Byron White
Library science and curators (11 articles)
Psychologists (113 articles)
Alfred Adler
Mary Ainsworth
Gordon Allport (Level 4)
Alois Alzheimer
Elliot Aronson
Solomon Asch
David Ausubel
Albert Bandura (Level 4)
Frederic Bartlett
Aaron Beck
Martha E. Bernal
Bruno Bettelheim
Alfred Binet
Amariah Brigham
Susan Blackmore
Eugen Bleuler
Benjamin Bloom
John Bowlby
Katharine Cook Briggs
Jerome Bruner
Mary Whiton Calkins
James McKeen Cattell
Raymond Cattell (Level 4)
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Simon Baron-Cohen
Émile Coué
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
Kazimierz Dąbrowski
Park Dietz
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Paul Ekman
Albert Ellis (Level 4)
Milton H. Erickson
Erik Erikson (Level 4)
Hans Eysenck
Gustav Fechner
Leon Festinger (Level 4)
Marie-Louise von Franz
Anna Freud (Level 4)
Sigmund Freud (Level 3)
Erich Fromm
Adrian Furnham
Robert M. Gagné
Howard Gardner
Carol Gilligan
Jonathan Haidt
G. Stanley Hall
Harry Harlow
Donald O. Hebb
Karen Horney
Clark L. Hull
Joseph Jastrow
Herbert Jasper
Carl Jung (Level 4)
Daniel Kahneman
Leo Kanner
Melanie Klein
Kurt Koffka
Lawrence Kohlberg
Heinz Kohut
Emil Kraepelin
Jacques Lacan
R. D. Laing
Timothy Leary
Aleksei N. Leontiev
Kurt Lewin (Level 4)
Marsha M. Linehan
Elizabeth Loftus
Abraham Maslow (Level 4)
Rollo May
David McClelland
Kevin MacDonald (evolutionary psychologist)
Stanley Milgram
George Armitage Miller (Level 4)
Neal E. Miller
Walter Mischel
Lloyd Morrisett
Hugo Münsterberg
Isabel Briggs Myers
Ulric Neisser
Ivan Pavlov (Level 4)
Fritz Perls
Laura Perls
Jordan Peterson
Jean Piaget (Level 4)
Robert Plomin
Otto Rank
Anatol Rapoport
Carl Rogers (Level 4)
J. Philippe Rushton
Stanley Schachter
Martin Seligman
Muzafer Sherif
Théodore Simon
B. F. Skinner (Level 4)
Charles Spearman
Edward Charles Spitzka
Robert Sternberg
Harry Stack Sullivan
Thomas Szasz
Lewis Terman
Edward Thorndike (Level 4)
Edward B. Titchener
Lev Vygotsky (Level 4)
Margaret Floy Washburn
John B. Watson (Level 4)
Ernst Heinrich Weber
David Wechsler
Frances Cress Welsing
Donald Winnicott
Wilhelm Wundt (Level 4)
Alexander Zaporozhets
Philip Zimbardo
Public relations, marketing and advertising theorists (11 articles)
Sexologists (10 articles)
Other social sciences (19 articles)
Gloria E. Anzaldúa
James Braid (surgeon)
Mike Davis (scholar)
Jared Diamond
Robin DiAngelo
Cheikh Anta Diop
Robert Ettinger
Shulamith Firestone
Germaine Greer
Aubrey de Grey
Luce Irigaray
Isocrates
Jane Jacobs (Level 4)
Ibram X. Kendi
Ray Kurzweil
Simon Leys
Kate Millett
Ellen Swallow Richards
Whitney Smith