Northern Railway is the name of:
- North railway (Austria)
- Northern Railway (California), predecessor of the Southern Pacific Company
- Northern Railway of Canada
- Northern Railway Zone (India)
- Northern Railway (Namibia)
- Nevada Northern Railway
- Northern Railway (Russia)
- Northern Railway (Western Australia)
See also
- Northern Rail, a train operating company in Northern England
- Great Northern Railway (disambiguation)
- Northern Railroad (disambiguation)