October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 74 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philosopher, observes an eclipse of the Sun and writes a commentary on The Great Astronomer (Almagest).
- 614 – King Chlothar II promulgates the Edict of Paris (Edictum Chlotacharii), a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that defend the rights of the Frankish nobles while it excludes Jews from all civil employment in the Frankish Kingdom.
- 629 – Dagobert I is crowned King of the Franks.
- 1009 – The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the Church's foundations down to bedrock.
- 1016 – The Danes defeat the Saxons in the Battle of Assandun.
- 1081 – The Normans defeat the Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Dyrrhachium.
- 1210 – Pope Innocent III excommunicates Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
- 1356 – Basel earthquake, the most significant historic seismological event north of the Alps, destroys the town of Basel, Switzerland.
- 1386 – Opening of Heidelberg University.
- 1540 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto's forces destroy the fortified town of Mabila in present-day Alabama, killing Tuskaloosa.
- 1599 – Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia, defeats the Army of Andrew Báthory in the Battle of Șelimbăr, leading to the first recorded unification of the Romanian people.
- 1648 – Boston Shoemakers form first American labor organization.
- 1748 – Signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession.
- 1775 – African-American poet Phillis Wheatley is freed from slavery.
- 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Burning of Falmouth (now Portland, Maine).
- 1779 – American Revolutionary War: The Franco-American Siege of Savannah is lifted.
- 1797 – Treaty of Campo Formio is signed between France and Austria
- 1851 – Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is first published as The Whale by Richard Bentley of London.
- 1860 – The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
- 1867 – United States takes possession of Alaska after purchasing it from Russia for $7.2 million. Celebrated annually in the state as Alaska Day.
- 1898 – The United States takes possession of Puerto Rico from Spain.
- 1912 – First Balkan War: King Peter I of Serbia issues a declaration "To the Serbian People", as his country joins the war.
- 1914 – The Schoenstatt Movement is founded in Germany.
- 1921 – The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is formed as part of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
- 1922 – The British Broadcasting Company (later Corporation) is founded by a consortium, to establish a nationwide network of radio transmitters to provide a national broadcasting service.
- 1929 – The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council overrules the Supreme Court of Canada in Edwards v. Canada when it declares that women are considered "Persons" under Canadian law.
- 1944 – World War II: Soviet Union begins the liberation of Czechoslovakia from Nazi Germany.
- 1945 – The USSR's nuclear program receives plans for the United States plutonium bomb from Klaus Fuchs at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
- 1945 – A group of the Venezuelan Armed Forces, led by Mario Vargas, Marcos Pérez Jiménez and Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, stages a coup d'état against president Isaías Medina Angarita, who is overthrown by the end of the day.
- 1945 – Argentine military officer and politician Juan Perón marries actress Eva "Evita" Duarte.
- 1949 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 78 is adopted.
- 1954 – Texas Instruments announces the first transistor radio.
- 1961 – the initial European Social Charter is adopted.
- 1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair closes for its first season after a six-month run.
- 1967 – The Soviet probe Venera 4 reaches Venus and becomes the first spacecraft to measure the atmosphere of another planet.
- 1968 – The U.S. Olympic Committee suspends Tommie Smith and John Carlos for giving a "Black Power" salute during a victory ceremony at the Mexico City games.
- 1977 – German Autumn: a set of events revolving around the kidnapping of Hanns Martin Schleyer and the hijacking of a Lufthansa flight by the Red Army Faction (RAF) comes to an end when Schleyer is murdered and various RAF members allegedly commit suicide.
- 1991 – The Supreme Council of Azerbaijan adopts a declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.
- 2003 – Bolivian gas conflict: Bolivian President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, is forced to resign and leave Bolivia.
- 2004 – Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the State Peace and Development Council on charges of corruption.
- 2007 – Karachi bombing: A suicide attack on a motorcade carrying former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto kills 139 and wounds 450 more. Bhutto herself is uninjured.
Births
- 1127 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (d. 1192)
- 1405 – Pope Pius II (d. 1464)
- 1517 – Manuel da Nóbrega, Portuguese-Brazilian priest and missionary (d. 1570)
- 1547 – Justus Lipsius, Belgian philologist and scholar (d. 1606)
- 1569 – Giambattista Marino, Italian poet (d. 1625)
- 1634 – Luca Giordano, Italian painter and illustrator (d. 1705)
- 1653 – Abraham van Riebeeck, South African-Dutch merchant and politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1713)
- 1662 – Matthew Henry, Welsh minister and scholar (d. 1714)
- 1663 – Prince Eugene of Savoy (d. 1736)
- 1668 – John George IV, Elector of Saxony (d. 1694)
- 1679 – Ann Putnam, Jr., American witness in the Salem witch trials (d. 1716)
- 1701 – Charles le Beau, French historian and author (d. 1778)
- 1706 – Baldassare Galuppi, Italian harpsichord player and composer (d. 1785)
- 1741 – Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French general and author (d. 1803)
- 1777 – Heinrich von Kleist, German author and poet (d. 1811)
- 1785 – Thomas Love Peacock, English author and poet (d. 1866)
- 1804 – Mongkut, Thai king (d. 1868)
- 1822 – Midhat Pasha, Ottoman civil servant and politician, 238th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1883)
- 1831 – Frederick III, German Emperor (d. 1888)
- 1836 – Frederick August Otto Schwarz, American businessman, founded FAO Schwarz (d. 1911)
- 1850 – Basil Hall Chamberlain, English-Swiss historian, author, and academic (d. 1935)
- 1854 – Billy Murdoch, Australian cricketer (d. 1911)
- 1859 – Henri Bergson, French philosopher and theologian, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
- 1862 – Mehmet Esat Bülkat, Ottoman general (d. 1952)
- 1865 – Arie de Jong, Dutch linguist and author (d. 1957)
- 1865 – Logan Pearsall Smith, American-English author and critic (d. 1946)
- 1868 – Ernst Didring, Swedish author (d. 1931)
- 1870 – D. T. Suzuki, Japanese author and scholar (d. 1966)
- 1872 – Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian poet and author (d. 1936)
- 1873 – Ivanoe Bonomi, Italian lawyer and politician, 25th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1951)
- 1875 – Len Braund, English cricketer, coach, and umpire (d. 1955)
- 1878 – James Truslow Adams, American historian and author (d. 1949)
- 1880 – Ze'ev Jabotinsky, Ukrainian-Russian general, journalist, and theorist (d. 1940)
- 1882 – Lucien Petit-Breton, French cyclist (d. 1917)
- 1887 – Takashi Sakai, Japanese general and politician, Governor of Hong Kong (d. 1946)
- 1893 – Sidney Holland, New Zealand lieutenant and politician, 25th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1961)
- 1893 – George Ohsawa, Japanese philosopher and academic (d. 1966)
- 1894 – H. L. Davis, American author and poet (d. 1960)
- 1894 – Tibor Déry, Hungarian author and translator (d. 1977)
- 1897 – Isabel Briggs Myers, American theorist and author (d. 1980)
- 1898 – Lotte Lenya, Austrian-American singer and actress (d. 1981)
- 1901 – Annette Hanshaw, American singer (d. 1985)
- 1902 – Miriam Hopkins, American actress and singer (d. 1972)
- 1902 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist and theorist (d. 1980)
- 1903 – Lina Radke, German runner and coach (d. 1983)
- 1904 – A. J. Liebling, American journalist and author (d. 1963)
- 1904 – Haim Shirman, Ukrainian-Israeli scholar and academic (d. 1981)
- 1905 – Jan Gies, Dutch activist (d. 1993)
- 1905 – Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Ivorian union leader and politician, 1st President of Côte d'Ivoire (d. 1993)
- 1906 – James Brooks, American painter and educator (d. 1992)
- 1909 – Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher and theorist (d. 2004)
- 1914 – Raymond Lambert, Swiss mountaineer (d. 1997)
- 1915 – Victor Sen Yung, American actor (d. 1980)
- 1918 – Molly Geertsema, Dutch lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1991)
- 1918 – Constantine Mitsotakis, Greek lawyer and politician, 178th Prime Minister of Greece
- 1918 – Bobby Troup, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (d. 1999)
- 1919 – Ric Nordman, Canadian captain and politician (d. 1996)
- 1919 – Anita O'Day, American singer (d. 2006)
- 1919 – Pierre Trudeau, Canadian lawyer, academic, and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2000)
- 1919 – Camilla Williams, American soprano and educator (d. 2012)
- 1920 – Melina Mercouri, Greek actress, singer, and politician, 9th Greek Minister of Culture (d. 1994)
- 1921 – Jerry Cooke, Ukrainian-American photographer and journalist (d. 2005)
- 1921 – Jesse Helms, American soldier, journalist, and politician (d. 2008)
- 1921 – Beatrice Helen Worsley, Mexican-Canadian computer scientist and academic (d. 1972)
- 1923 – Jessie Mae Hemphill, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2008)
- 1924 – Buddy MacMaster, Canadian singer-songwriter and fiddler (d. 2014)
- 1925 – Ramiz Alia, Albanian politician, 1st President of Albania (d. 2011)
- 1926 – Chuck Berry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1926 – Klaus Kinski, German-American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1991)
- 1927 – Marv Rotblatt, American baseball player (d. 2013)
- 1927 – George C. Scott, American actor and director (d. 1999)
- 1928 – Keith Jackson, American sportscaster and actor
- 1928 – Maurice El Mediouni, Algerian pianist and composer
- 1928 – Dick Taverne, English lawyer and politician
- 1929 – Violeta Chamorro, Nicaraguan publisher and politician, President of Nicaragua
- 1929 – Hillard Elkins, American producer and manager (d. 2010)
- 1929 – Kees Fens, Dutch author and critic (d. 2008)
- 1930 – Flora Fraser, 21st Lady Saltoun, Scottish politician
- 1930 – Esther Hautzig, Lithuanian-American author (d. 2009)
- 1931 – Chris Albertson, Icelandic-American historian, journalist, and producer
- 1931 – Roger Climpson, English-Australian journalist
- 1931 – Ien Dales, Dutch civil servant and politician, Dutch Minister of the Interior (d. 1994)
- 1932 – Vytautas Landsbergis, Lithuanian musicologist and politician
- 1933 – Forrest Gregg, American football player and coach
- 1933 – Ludovico Scarfiotti, Italian race car driver (d. 1968)
- 1934 – Calvin Lockhart, Bahamian-American actor (d. 2007)
- 1934 – Inger Stevens, Swedish-American actress (d. 1970)
- 1934 – Chuck Swindoll, American pastor, author, and educator
- 1935 – Peter Boyle, American actor and singer (d. 2006)
- 1936 – Jaime Lucas Ortega y Alamino, Cuban cardinal
- 1938 – Robert Dove, American lawyer and politician
- 1938 – Dawn Wells, American model and actress, Miss Nevada 1959
- 1939 – Earl Jolly Brown, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1939 – Flavio Cotti, Swiss lawyer and politician, 82nd President of the Swiss Confederation
- 1939 – Mike Ditka, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
- 1939 – Ted Boy Marino, Italian-Brazilian wrestler and actor (d. 2012)
- 1939 – Lee Harvey Oswald, American assassin of John F. Kennedy (d. 1963)
- 1939 – Jan Erik Vold, Norwegian poet, author, and translator
- 1940 – Cynthia Weil, American songwriter
- 1941 – Timothy Bell, Baron Bell, English businessman
- 1941 – Martha Burk, American psychologist and author
- 1942 – Gianfranco Ravasi, Italian cardinal and scholar
- 1943 – Christine Charbonneau, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
- 1943 – Birthe Rønn Hornbech, Danish police officer and politician, Danish Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs
- 1945 – Yıldo, Turkish footballer, volleyball player, actor and showman
- 1945 – Huell Howser, American television host and actor (d. 2013)
- 1945 – Chris Shays, American politician
- 1945 – Norio Wakamoto, Japanese voice actor
- 1946 – James Robert Baker, American author and screenwriter (d. 1997)
- 1946 – Frank Beamer, American football player and coach
- 1946 – Dafydd Elis-Thomas, Welsh academic and politician
- 1946 – Howard Shore, Canadian composer, conductor, and producer
- 1947 – Paul Chuckle, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
- 1947 – Job Cohen, Dutch scholar and politician, Mayor of Amsterdam
- 1947 – Joe Morton, American actor and director
- 1947 – Laura Nyro, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1997)
- 1948 – Hans Köchler, Austrian philosopher, author, and academic
- 1948 – Ntozake Shange, American author, poet, and playwright
- 1949 – Joe Egan, Scottish singer-songwriter (Stealers Wheel)
- 1949 – George Hendrick, American baseball player and coach
- 1949 – Gary Richrath, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (REO Speedwagon) (d. 2015)
- 1950 – Om Puri, Indian actor and singer
- 1950 – Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright and author (d. 2006)
- 1950 – Sheila White, English actress and singer
- 1951 – Mike Antonovich, American ice hockey player and coach
- 1951 – Pam Dawber, American actress and singer
- 1951 – Terry McMillan, American author and screenwriter
- 1951 – David Normington, English civil servant and politician
- 1951 – Nic Potter, English bass player and songwriter (Van der Graaf Generator and The Misunderstood) (d. 2013)
- 1952 – Roy Dias, Sri Lankan cricketer and coach
- 1952 – Paul Geroski, American-English economist and academic (d. 2005)
- 1952 – Chuck Lorre, American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1952 – Patrick Morrow, Canadian mountaineer and photographer
- 1952 – Bảo Ninh, Vietnamese soldier and author
- 1952 – Allen Ripley, American baseball player (d. 2014)
- 1952 – Jerry Royster, American baseball player, coach, and manager
- 1953 – Loes Luca, Dutch actress and singer
- 1954 – Liz Burch, Australian actress
- 1954 – Nick Houghton, English general
- 1954 – Arliss Howard, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1954 – Yūji Mitsuya, Japanese actor
- 1955 – Hiromi Go, Japanese singer
- 1955 – Jean-Pierre Hautier, Belgian journalist and television host (d. 2012)
- 1955 – Vanessa Briscoe Hay, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (Pylon and Supercluster)
- 1955 – Timmy Mallett, English radio and television host
- 1955 – Stu Mead, American painter and illustrator
- 1955 – David Twohy, American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1955 – Rita Verdonk, Dutch journalist and politician, Dutch Minister of Justice
- 1955 – Denis Watson, Zimbabwean golfer
- 1955 – Mark Welland, English physicist and academic
- 1956 – Craig Bartlett, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and voice actor
- 1956 – Martina Navratilova, Czech-American tennis player and coach
- 1956 – Alkistis Protopsalti, Egyptian-Greek singer
- 1956 – Jim Talent, American lawyer and politician
- 1957 – Jon Lindstrom, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1957 – Catherine Ringer, French singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress (Les Rita Mitsouko)
- 1958 – Corinne Bohrer, American actress
- 1958 – Thomas Hearns, American boxer
- 1958 – Megumi Ishii, Japanese actress and politician
- 1958 – Kjell Samuelsson, Swedish ice hockey player and coach
- 1959 – Kirby Chambliss, American pilot
- 1959 – Tatyana Kolpakova, Kyrgyzstani long jumper and coach
- 1959 – Milcho Manchevski, Macedonian-American director and screenwriter
- 1959 – John Nord, American wrestler
- 1959 – Chris Russo, American radio host
- 1960 – Erin Moran, American actress and singer
- 1960 – Jean-Claude Van Damme, Belgian martial artist, actor, and producer, and screenwriter
- 1961 – Wynton Marsalis, American trumpet player, composer, and educator
- 1961 – Rick Moody, American author and composer
- 1961 – Gladstone Small, Barbadian-English cricketer
- 1962 – Min Ko Naing, Burmese activist
- 1962 – Vincent Spano, American actor, director, and producer
- 1964 – Dan Lilker, American singer-songwriter and bass player (Anthrax, Stormtroopers of Death, Nuclear Assault, Exit-13, and Brutal Truth)
- 1964 – Charles Stross, English journalist, author, and programmer
- 1965 – Curtis Stigers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1966 – Dave Price, American journalist and game show host
- 1966 – Slavi Trifonov, Bulgarian actor and singer
- 1966 – Angela Visser, Dutch model and actress, Miss Universe 1989
- 1967 – Eric Stuart, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and voice actor
- 1968 – Lisa Chappell, New Zealand actress and singer
- 1968 – Narendra Hirwani, Indian cricketer
- 1968 – Stuart Law, Australian cricketer and coach
- 1968 – Michael Stich, German tennis player and sportscaster
- 1969 – Volker Neumüller, German talent manager
- 1969 – Nelson Vivas, Argentinian footballer, coach, and manager
- 1970 – Doug Mirabelli, American baseball player and coach
- 1970 – Michihiro Morita, Japanese Go player
- 1970 – Mike Starink, Dutch television host and actor
- 1971 – Nick O'Hern, Australian golfer
- 1971 – Koshalendraprasad Pande, Indian guru
- 1972 – Mika Ninagawa, Japanese photographer and director
- 1972 – Alex Tagliani, Canadian race car driver
- 1973 – Stephen Allan, Australian golfer
- 1973 – James Foley, American photographer and journalist (d. 2014)
- 1973 – Michalis Kapsis, Greek footballer
- 1973 – Rachel Nichols, American journalist and sportscaster
- 1973 – Brian Scolaro, American comedian, actor, and producer
- 1973 – Sarah Winckless, English rower
- 1974 – Noboru Kaneko, Japanese actor
- 1974 – Candy Lo, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actress
- 1974 – Robbie Savage, Welsh footballer and sportscaster
- 1974 – Peter Svensson, Swedish guitarist and songwriter (The Cardigans)
- 1975 – Baby Bash, American rapper
- 1975 – Alex Cora, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1976 – Zhou Xun, Chinese actress and singer
- 1977 – Gloc-9, Filipino rapper (Death Threat)
- 1977 – Flavia Colgan, Brazilian-American journalist
- 1977 – Kunal Kapoor, Indian actor
- 1977 – Ryan Nelsen, New Zealand-American soccer player and coach
- 1977 – David Vuillemin, French motorcycle racer
- 1978 – Jyothika, Indian actress
- 1978 – Wesley Jonathan, American actor
- 1978 – Jaime Koeppe, Canadian model and wrestler
- 1978 – Mike Tindall, English rugby player
- 1978 – Kenji Wu, Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor
- 1979 – Jaroslav Drobný, Czech footballer
- 1979 – Hikaru Kawamura, Japanese model
- 1979 – 'Ana Po'uhila, Tongan shot putter, hammer, and discus thrower
- 1980 – Josh Gracin, American soldier and singer
- 1980 – Rebecca Watson, American blogger
- 1980 – Birsen Yavuz, Turkish sprinter and hurdler
- 1981 – Tina Hergold, Slovenian tennis player
- 1981 – Greg Warren, American football player
- 1982 – Ne-Yo, American singer-songwriter, actor, and producer
- 1982 – Thierry Amiel, French singer-songwriter
- 1982 – Michael Dingsdag, Dutch footballer
- 1982 – Mark Sampson, Welsh footballer and manager
- 1983 – Dante, Brazilian footballer
- 1984 – Robert Harting, German discus thrower
- 1984 – Freida Pinto, Indian actress and model
- 1984 – Esperanza Spalding, American singer-songwriter and bassist
- 1984 – Lindsey Vonn, American skier
- 1985 – Yoenis Céspedes, Cuban baseball player
- 1985 – Andrew Garcia, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1985 – Iori Nomizu, Japanese voice actress and singer
- 1986 – Wilma Elles, German actress and fashion designer
- 1987 – Zac Efron, American actor and singer
- 1987 – Freja Beha Erichsen, Danish model
- 1989 – Joy Lauren, American actress
- 1989 – Riisa Naka, Japanese model and actress
- 1990 – Bristol Palin, American author
- 1990 – Carly Schroeder, American actress
- 1991 – Roly Bonevacia, Dutch footballer
- 1991 – Tyler Posey, American actor and producer
- 1992 – John John Florence, American surfer
Deaths
- 325 – Emperor Ming of Jin (b. 299)
- 707 – Pope John VII (b. 650)
- 1035 – Sancho III of Pamplona (b. 992)
- 1101 – Hugh I, Count of Vermandois (b. 1053)
- 1141 – Leopold, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1108)
- 1382 – James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond, Irish politician, Lord Justice of Ireland (b. 1331)
- 1417 – Pope Gregory XII (b. 1326)
- 1480 – Uhwudong, Korean dancer and poet (b. 1440)
- 1503 – Pope Pius III (b. 1439)
- 1541 – Margaret Tudor, English wife of James IV of Scotland (b. 1489)
- 1545 – John Taverner, English organist and composer (b. 1490)
- 1558 – Mary of Hungary (b. 1505)
- 1561 – Yamamoto Kansuke, Japanese samurai (b. 1501)
- 1564 – Johannes Acronius Frisius, German physician and mathematician (b. 1520)
- 1570 – Manuel da Nóbrega, Portuguese-Brazilian priest and missionary (b. 1517)
- 1604 – Igram van Achelen, Dutch lawyer and politician (b. 1528)
- 1646 – Isaac Jogues, French priest, missionary, and martyr (b. 1607)
- 1667 – Fasilides, Ethiopian emperor (b. 1603)
- 1678 – Jacob Jordaens, Belgian painter illustrator (b. 1593)
- 1739 – António José da Silva, Brazilian-Portuguese playwright (b. 1705)
- 1744 – Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough (b. 1660)
- 1770 – John Manners, Marquess of Granby, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire (b. 1721)
- 1775 – Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1715)
- 1817 – Etienne Nicolas Méhul, French pianist and composer (b. 1763)
- 1865 – Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, English soldier and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1784)
- 1871 – Charles Babbage, English mathematician and engineer, invented the mechanical computer (b. 1791)
- 1886 – Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician and botanist (b. 1796)
- 1889 – Antonio Meucci, Italian-American engineer (b. 1808)
- 1892 – William W. Chapman, American lawyer and politician (b. 1808)
- 1893 – Charles Gounod, French composer and educator (b. 1818)
- 1908 – Nozu Michitsura, Japanese field marshal (b. 1840)
- 1911 – Alfred Binet, French psychologist and author (b. 1857)
- 1921 – Ludwig III of Bavaria (b. 1845)
- 1931 – Thomas Edison, American engineer and businessman, invented the light bulb and phonograph (b. 1847)
- 1934 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish pathologist, histologist, and neuroscientist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- 1935 – Gaston Lachaise, French-American sculptor (b. 1882)
- 1941 – Manuel Teixeira Gomes, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 7th President of Portugal (b. 1860)
- 1942 – Mikhail Nesterov, Russian painter (b. 1862)
- 1947 – Michiaki Kamada, Japanese admiral (b. 1890)
- 1948 – Walther von Brauchitsch, German field marshal (b. 1881)
- 1956 – Yoshio Markino, Japanese painter and author (b. 1869)
- 1959 – Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian-French runner (b. 1898)
- 1961 – Tsuru Aoki, Japanese-American actress (b. 1892)
- 1962 – Iván Petrovich, Serbian-German actor and singer (b. 1894)
- 1965 – Lauri Törni, Finnish-American captain (b. 1919)
- 1965 – Henry Travers, English-American actor (b. 1874)
- 1966 – Elizabeth Arden, Canadian-American businesswoman, founded Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (b. 1878)
- 1966 – S. S. Kresge, American businessman, founded Kmart (b. 1867)
- 1973 – Margaret Caroline Anderson, American publisher, founded The Little Review (b. 1886)
- 1973 – Walt Kelly, American illustrator and animator (b. 1913)
- 1973 – Leo Strauss, German-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1899)
- 1975 – Al Lettieri, American actor (b. 1928)
- 1976 – Viswanatha Satyanarayana, Indian poet and author (b. 1895)
- 1977 – Andreas Baader, German militant (b. 1943)
- 1977 – Gudrun Ensslin, German militant leader, founded the Red Army Faction (b. 1940)
- 1977 – Jan-Carl Raspe, Austrian-German militant (b. 1944)
- 1978 – Ramón Mercader, Spanish journalist, assassin of Leon Trotsky (b. 1914)
- 1980 – Edwin Way Teale, American photographer and author (b. 1899)
- 1982 – Dwain Esper, American director and producer (b. 1892)
- 1982 – Pierre Mendès France, French lawyer and politician, 143rd Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
- 1982 – John Robarts, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Premier of Ontario (b. 1917)
- 1982 – Bess Truman, American wife of Harry S. Truman, 40th First Lady of the United States (b. 1885)
- 1983 – Diego Abad de Santillán, Spanish economist and author (b. 1897)
- 1983 – Willie Jones, American baseball player (b. 1925)
- 1984 – Jon-Erik Hexum, American model and actor (b. 1957)
- 1984 – Henri Michaux, French painter and poet (b. 1899)
- 1987 – Adriaan Ditvoorst, Dutch director and screenwriter (b. 1940)
- 1988 – Frederick Ashton, Ecuadorian dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
- 1999 – Paddi Edwards, English-American actress (b. 1931)
- 2000 – Julie London, American singer and actress (b. 1926)
- 2000 – Gwen Verdon, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1925)
- 2002 – Roman Tam, Hong Kong singer and actor (Roman and the Four Steps) (b. 1950)
- 2003 – Preston Smith, American businessman and politician, 40th Governor of Texas (b. 1912)
- 2003 – Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Spanish journalist, author, and critic (b. 1939)
- 2004 – Veerappan, Indian murderer (b. 1952)
- 2005 – John Hollis, English actor (b. 1927)
- 2005 – Johnny Haynes, English-Scottish footballer (b. 1934)
- 2005 – Bill King, American sportscaster (b. 1927)
- 2006 – Mario Francesco Pompedda, Italian cardinal (b. 1929)
- 2006 – Anna Russell, English-Canadian singer and actress (b. 1911)
- 2006 – Laurie Taitt, Guyanese-English hurdler (b. 1934)
- 2007 – Alan Coren, English journalist and author (b. 1938)
- 2007 – William J. Crowe, American admiral and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (b. 1925)
- 2007 – Vincent DeDomenico, American businessman, founded the Napa Valley Wine Train (b. 1915)
- 2007 – Lucky Dube, South African singer-songwriter and keyboard player (b. 1964)
- 2008 – Dee Dee Warwick, American singer (b. 1945)
- 2009 – Adriaan Kortlandt, Dutch ethologist and biologist (b. 1918)
- 2009 – Nancy Spero, American painter and academic (b. 1926)
- 2010 – Marion Brown, American saxophonist and musicologist (b. 1931)
- 2012 – Brain Damage, American wrestler (b. 1977)
- 2012 – Sylvia Kristel, Dutch model, actress, and singer (b. 1952)
- 2012 – Slater Martin, American basketball player and coach (b. 1925)
- 2012 – George Mattos, American pole vaulter (b. 1929)
- 2012 – Albert Lee Ueltschi, American pilot and businessman, founded FlightSafety International (b. 1917)
- 2012 – David S. Ware, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1949)
- 2013 – Francisco Rafael Arellano Félix, Mexican drug lord (b. 1949)
- 2013 – Felix Dexter, Caribbean-English comedian and actor (b. 1961)
- 2013 – Tom Foley, American lawyer and politician, 57th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1929)
- 2013 – Bum Phillips, American football player and coach (b. 1923)
- 2013 – Allan Stanley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1926)
- 2013 – Bill Young, American sergeant and politician (b. 1930)
- 2014 – Joanne Borgella, American singer and model (b. 1982)
- 2014 – Paul Craft, American singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
- 2014 – Mariano Lebrón Saviñón, Dominican author and academic (b. 1922)
- 2014 – Edward Regan, American academic and politician (b. 1930)
- 2014 – Sidney Shapiro, American-Chinese author and translator (b. 1915)
- 2015 – Robert Dickerson, Australian painter (b. 1924)
- 2015 – Gamal El-Ghitani, Egyptian journalist and author (b. 1945)
- 2015 – Robert W. Farquhar, American engineer (b. 1932)
- 2015 – Frank Watkins, American bass player (Obituary and Gorgoroth) (b. 1968)
- 2015 – Paul West, English-American author, poet, and academic (b. 1930)
Holidays and observances
External links
Months and days of the year
|
|
January |
|
|
February |
|
|
March |
|
|
April |
|
|
May |
|
|
June |
|
|
July |
|
|
August |
|
|
September |
|
|
October |
|
|
November |
|
|
December |
|
|
Related |
|
|