Brsjak Revolt | |||||||
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Part of Ottoman–Serbian Wars | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Local Serbian-oriented rebels | Ottoman Empire | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Ilija Delija Rista Kostadinović † Micko Krstić Anđelko Tanasević |
The Brsjak Revolt (Serbian Cyrillic: Брсјачка буна/Brsjačka buna) was led by an assembly of Serb district chiefs in Western Macedonia, who sought the liberation of Macedonia from the Ottoman Empire with the secret aid of the Principality of Serbia, which had been at war with the Ottoman Empire. Some of the leaders were notable hajduks, or chetniks, including Ilija Delija, Rista Kostadinović, Micko Krstić and Anđelko Tanasević, among others. The Ottoman army succeeded in suppressing the rebellion after six months, in 1881, and many of the leaders were exiled.
Background
After the Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–78) and the supressed Kumanovo Uprising (1878), the Ottomans retaliated against the Serb population in the Ottoman Empire.[1] Because of the terror against the unprotected rayah (lower class, Christians), many left for the mountains, fled across the border into Serbia, from where they raided their home regions in order to revenge the atrocities carried out by the Ottomans.[1] On 14 October 1880, an uprising broke out in the Kičevo-Poreče region, known as the "Brsjak Revolt".[1]
History
An assembly consisting of 65 individuals, the most influential of the districts of Kumanovo, Kriva Palanka, Kočani, Štip, Veles, Prilep, Bitola, Ohrid, Kičevo and Skopje, addressed an appeal to the Serbian commander of the Macedonian volunteers in the Serbian-Ottoman Wars (1876–78), M. S. Milojević, requesting the smuggle of arms and leading them in a revolt against the Ottoman Empire.[2] Subsequently, the Brsjak Revolt (viewed of as a continuation of the Kumanovo Uprising)[3] broke out in the nahiya of Kičevo, Poreče, Bitola and Prilep, which would span over 6 months until it ultimately ended in failure.[4]
Serbia secretly and very carefully aided the Christians in the Ottoman areas, such as in the Brsjak Revolt, however, by 1881, the aid was stopped by the intervention of the government.[5]
After Rista Kostadinović was killed in action, Micko Krstić succeeded in leading his četa (rebel band).[6]
The Ottoman army succeeded in suppressing the rebellion in the winter of 1880–81, and many of the leaders were exiled.[7] When the revolt had been suppressed in Demir-Hisar, Micko refused to give himself up.[6]
Aftermath
The Brsjak Revolt, and the preceding one in the Kumanovo region, had a Serbian character, planned in the Serbian cause, thus, the unsuccessful outcome resulted in persecution of the Serbs in Macedonia, with an increasing Bulgarization of the region's Christian Slavic populace.[4]
Krstić was imprisoned in 1882 by the Ottomans, and held in the Bitola prison. He was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment.[8]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Jovanović 1937, p. 237.
- ^ Georgevitch 1918, pp. 182–183.
- ^ Trbić 1996, p. 32.
- ^ a b Georgevitch 1918, p. 183.
- ^ Матица српска (Matica Srpska) (1992). Zbornik Matice srpske za istoriju, 45–48 (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Матица српска. p. 55.
Србија је тајно и врло опрезно помагала акције хришћана у Турској (Брсјачка буна), али је на интервенције владе та помоћ престала ... 1881
- ^ a b Đurić & Mijović 1993, p. 61.
- ^ Lazar Koliševski (1962). Aspekti na makedonskoto prašanje (in Macedonian). Kultura. p. 499.
Сето ова движење во Западна Македонија е познато во историјата под името „Брсјачка буна". Турската војска успеа во зимата 1880 — 1881 година да ја задуши буната и многу нејзини водачи да ги испрати на заточение.
- ^ Đorđe N. Lopičić (2007). Konzularni odnosi Srbije: (1804-1918). Zavod za udžbenike. p. 207. ISBN 978-86-17-34399-4.
Sources
- Đorđević, Dimitrije (1965). Révolutions des peuples balkaniques (in Serbian). Graficko preduzece Novi dani.
- Đurić, Veljko Đ.; Mijović, Miličko (1993). Ilustrovana istorija četničkog pokreta (in Serbian).
- Jovanović, Aleksa (1937). Spomenica dvadesetogodišnjice oslobodjenja Južne Srbije, 1912-1937 (in Serbian). Južna Srbija.
- Krakov, Stanislav (1990) [1930]. Plamen četništva (in Serbian). Belgrade: Hipnos.
- Trbić, Vasilije (1996). Memoari: 1898–1912 (in Serbian). Kultura.
- Veselinović, Milojko (1905). Брсјачка Буна године 1880 у Битољском вилајету и војвода Мицко (in Serbian). Belgrade.
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