NATO E band | |
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Frequency range
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2 – 3 GHz |
Wavelength range
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15 – 10 cm |
Related bands
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Waveguide E band | |
Frequency range
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60 – 90 GHz |
Wavelength range
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5 – 3.33 mm |
Related bands
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ITU radio bands | ||||||||||||
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EU / NATO / US ECM radio bands | ||||||||||||
IEEE radio bands | ||||||||||||
Other TV and radio bands | ||||||||||||
Contents
NATO E band
The NATO E band is the range of radio frequencies from 2 GHz to 3 GHz in the system of letter designations for frequency bands used by NATO for electronic countermeasure (ECM) applications.[1][2] This is equivalent to wave lengths between 15 cm and 10 cm. The E band lies at the upper end of the UHF range of the radio spectrum, as defined by the ITU.[3] The NATO E band corresponds to the lower half of the S band (2–4 GHz) of the older IEEE classification system.[4]
Waveguide E band
The waveguide E band is the range of radio frequencies from 60 GHz to 90 GHz in the electromagnetic spectrum,[5][6] corresponding to the recommended frequency band of operation of WR12 waveguides. These frequencies are equivalent to wave lengths between 5 mm and 3.333 mm. The E band is in the EHF range of the radio spectrum.
Atmospheric effects
At these high frequencies the short wavelengths give the radiation a very directional quality, similar to visible light. Many molecules possess rotational and vibrational states excited by very specific wavelengths in this band, thus the atmospheric gasses such as oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide and nitrogen can absorb, and be excited causing variable beam attenuation effects dependent on meteorological and atmospheric conditions.
Applications
In October 2003, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ruled that spectrum at 71 to 76 GHz, 81 to 86 GHz and 92 to 95 GHz was available for high-density fixed wireless services in the United States.[7]
The Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union allow amateur radio and amateur satellite operations in the frequency range 76.000 GHz to 81.000 GHz, which is known as the 4-millimeter band.
E band for mobile backhaul
As mobile operators need more and more bandwidth, they are turning to new frequency spectrums to lower their wireless backhaul costs. Both license-exempt V band spectrum (57-66 GHz) and the newly allocated E-Band spectrum (71-76 GHz, 81-86 GHz and 92-95 GHz) has clear technological and economic advantages. The 20 GHz allocated in this spectrum allows multi-Gigabit per second capacities far exceeding the 6-38 GHz bandwidth-limited frequencies.
In the V Band and E-Band spectrum, wireless systems can utilize the significantly larger allocated spectrum and channels to deliver multi-Gigabit data rates. This enables a simple, robust, and low cost modem and radio design. Thus, V-Band and E-Band, millimeter-wave wireless systems provide significant cost advantages over 6-38 GHz wireless systems – allowing scaling capacity to Gigabit capacities, without additional radio equipment and licensing fees
References
- ^ Leonid A. Belov; Sergey M. Smolskiy; Victor N. Kochemasov (2012). Handbook of RF, Microwave, and Millimeter-Wave Components. Artech House. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1-60807-209-5.
- ^ Norman Friedman (2006). The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon Systems. Naval Institute Press. pp. xiii–xiv. ISBN 978-1-55750-262-9.
- ^ "V.431: Nomenclature of the frequency and wavelength bands used in telecommunications". ITU-R. 2006-01-04. Retrieved 2014-02-03.
- ^ "521-2002 - IEEE Standard Letter Designations for Radar-Frequency Bands". IEEE. 2003-01-14. doi:10.1109/IEEESTD.2003.94224. Retrieved 2014-02-03. (subscription required (help)).
- ^ Victor L. Granatstein (26 March 2012). Physical Principles of Wireless Communications, Second Edition. CRC Press. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-4398-7897-2.
- ^ Jonathan Wells (2010). Multigigabit Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communications. Artech House. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-60807-083-1.
- ^ Wells, Jonathan (May 2006). "Multigigabit wireless technology at 70 GHz, 80 GHz and 90 GHz, RF Design" (PDF). Defense Electronics Magazine. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
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