July 24 is the 205th day of the year (206th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 160 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
- 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
- 1411 – Battle of Harlaw, one of the bloodiest battles in Scotland, takes place.
- 1487 – Citizens of Leeuwarden, Netherlands strike against ban on foreign beer.
- 1534 – French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the name of Francis I of France.
- 1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicate and replaced by her 1-year-old son James VI.
- 1701 – Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founds the trading post at Fort Pontchartrain, which later becomes the city of Detroit, Michigan.
- 1783 – The Kingdom of Georgia and the Russian Empire sign the Treaty of Georgievsk.
- 1814 – War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward the Niagara River to halt Jacob Brown's American invaders.
- 1823 – Slavery is abolished in Chile.
- 1847 – After 17 months of travel, Brigham Young leads 148 Mormon pioneers into Salt Lake Valley, resulting in the establishment of Salt Lake City. Celebrations of this event include the Pioneer Day Utah state holiday and the Days of '47 Parade.
- 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Kernstown – Confederate General Jubal Early defeats Union troops led by General George Crook in an effort to keep them out of the Shenandoah Valley.
- 1866 – Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
- 1897 – Amelia Earhart is born.
- 1901 – O. Henry is released from prison in Austin, Texas after serving three years for embezzlement from a bank.
- 1910 – The Ottoman Empire captures the city of Shkodër, putting down the Albanian Revolt of 1910.
- 1911 – Hiram Bingham III re-discovers Machu Picchu, "the Lost City of the Incas".
- 1915 – The passenger ship S.S. Eastland capsizes while tied to a dock in the Chicago River. A total of 844 passengers and crew are killed in the largest loss of life disaster from a single shipwreck on the Great Lakes.
- 1922 – The draft of the British Mandate of Palestine was formally confirmed by the Council of the League of Nations; it came into effect on 26 September 1923.
- 1923 – The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in World War I.
- 1924 – Archeologist Themistoklis Sofoulis becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
- 1927 – The Menin Gate war memorial is unveiled at Ypres.
- 1929 – The Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of foreign policy, goes into effect (it is first signed in Paris on August 27, 1928 by most leading world powers).
- 1931 – A fire at a home for the elderly in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania kills 48 people.
- 1935 – The Dust Bowl heat wave reaches its peak, sending temperatures to 109°F (43°C) in Chicago, Illinois and 104°F (40°C) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
- 1937 – Alabama drops rape charges against the so-called "Scottsboro Boys".
- 1938 – First ascent of the Eiger north face.
- 1943 – World War II: Operation Gomorrah begins: British and Canadian aeroplanes bomb Hamburg by night, those of the Americans by day. By the end of the operation in November, 9,000 tons of explosives will have killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings.
- 1950 – Cape Canaveral Air Force Station begins operations with the launch of a Bumper rocket.
- 1959 – At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev have a "Kitchen Debate".
- 1966 – Michael Pelkey makes the first BASE jump from El Capitan along with Brian Schubert. Both came out with broken bones. BASE jumping has now been banned from El Cap.
- 1967 – During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declares to a crowd of over 100,000 in Montreal: Vive le Québec libre! ("Long live free Quebec!"). The statement, interpreted as support for Quebec independence, delighted many Quebecers but angered the Canadian government and many English Canadians.
- 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11 splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean.
- 1972 – Bugojno group is caught by Yugoslav security forces.
- 1974 – Watergate scandal: the United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled that President Richard Nixon did not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes and they order him to surrender the tapes to the Watergate special prosecutor.
- 1974 – Konstantinos Karamanlis arrives in Greece following the collapse of the Greek military junta, beginning Greece's metapolitefsi era.
- 1977 – End of a four day long Libyan–Egyptian War.
- 1980 – The Quietly Confident Quartet of Australia wins the Men's 4 x 100 metre medley relay at the Moscow Olympics, the only time the United States has not won the event at Olympic level.
- 1982 – Heavy rain causes a mudslide that destroys a bridge at Nagasaki, Japan, killing 299.
- 1983 – George Brett batting for the Kansas City Royals against the New York Yankees, has a game-winning home run nullified in the "Pine Tar Incident".
- 1990 – Iraqi forces start massing on the Kuwait-Iraq border.
- 1998 – Russell Eugene Weston, Jr. bursts into the United States Capitol and opens fire killing two police officers. He is later ruled to be incompetent to stand trial.
- 2001 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the last Tsar of Bulgaria when he was a child, is sworn in as Prime Minister of Bulgaria, becoming the first monarch in history to regain political power through democratic election to a different office.
- 2001 – Bandaranaike Airport attack is carried out by 14 Tamil Tiger commandos, all died in this attack. They destroyed 11 Aircraft (mostly military) and damaged 15, there are no civilian casualties. This incident slowed down Sri Lankan economy.
- 2002 – Democrat James Traficant is expelled from the United States House of Representatives on a vote of 420 to 1.
- 2005 – Lance Armstrong wins his seventh consecutive Tour de France.
- 2009 – The MV Arctic Sea, reportedly carrying a cargo of timber, is allegedly hijacked in the North Sea by pirates, but much speculation remains as to the actual cargo and events.
- 2011 – Digital switchover is completed in 44 of the 47 prefectures of Japan, with Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima television stations terminating analog broadcasting operations later as a result of the Tohoku earthquake.
Births
- 923 – Emperor Suzaku of Japan (d. 952)
- 1529 – Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (d. 1577)
- 1561 – Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern (d. 1589)
- 1574 – Thomas Platter the Younger, Swiss physician (d. 1628)
- 1660 – Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English statesman (d. 1718)
- 1725 – John Newton, English sailor and clergyman (d. 1807)
- 1757 – Vladimir Borovikovsky, Russian painter (d. 1825)
- 1783 – Simón Bolívar, Venezuelan commander (d. 1830)
- 1786 – Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer (d. 1843)
- 1794 – Johan Georg Forchhammer, Danish geologist (d. 1865)
- 1802 – Alexandre Dumas, French writer (d. 1870)
- 1803 – Adolphe Adam, French composer (d. 1856)
- 1821 – William Poole, American gangster (d. 1855)
- 1826 – Jan Gotlib Bloch, Polish theorist and activist (d. 1902)
- 1851 – Friedrich Schottky, German mathematician (d. 1935)
- 1853 – William Gillette, American actor and author (d. 1937)
- 1856 – Charles Émile Picard, French mathematician (d. 1941)
- 1857 – Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
- 1860 – Princess Charlotte of Prussia (d. 1919)
- 1860 – Alphonse Mucha, Czech artist (d. 1939)
- 1864 – Frank Wedekind, German writer (d. 1918)
- 1867 – Vicente Acosta, Salvadoran poet (d. 1908)
- 1867 – E. F. Benson, English writer (d. 1940)
- 1867 – Fred Tate, English cricketer (d. 1943)
- 1874 – Oswald Chambers, Scottish minister and writer (d. 1917)
- 1877 – Calogero Vizzini, Italian mobster (d. 1954)
- 1878 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, Irish writer (d. 1957)
- 1880 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer (d. 1959)
- 1880 – Kristian Hellström, Swedish runner (d. 1946)
- 1886 – Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese novelist (d. 1965)
- 1888 – Arthur Richardson, Australian cricketer (d. 1973)
- 1895 – Robert Graves, English author (d. 1985)
- 1897 – Amelia Earhart, American pilot and author (d. 1937)
- 1899 – Chief Dan George, Canadian actor (d. 1981)
- 1900 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author (d. 1948)
- 1904 – Leo Arnaud, French-American composer (d. 1991)
- 1904 – Richard B. Morris, American historian (d. 1989)
- 1910 – Harry Horner, American art director (d. 1994)
- 1912 – Essie Summers, New Zealand writer (d. 1998)
- 1913 – Britton Chance, American biologist and yachtsman (d. 2010)
- 1914 – Ed Mirvish, Canadian businessman, founded Honest Ed's (d. 2007)
- 1915 – Enrique Fernando, Filipino jurist (d. 2004)
- 1916 – Bob Eberly, American singer (d. 1981)
- 1916 – John D. MacDonald, American novelist (d. 1986)
- 1917 – Robert Farnon, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)
- 1917 – Jack Moroney, Australian cricketer (d. 1999)
- 1918 – Ruggiero Ricci, American violinist
- 1919 – Robert Marsden Hope, Australian jurist (d. 1999)
- 1919 – Ferdinand Kübler, Swiss cyclist
- 1920 – Bella Abzug, American politician (d. 1998)
- 1920 – Constance Dowling, American actress (d. 1969)
- 1921 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian tenor (d. 2008)
- 1922 – Madeleine Ferron, Canadian writer (d. 2010)
- 1924 – Wilfred Josephs, English composer (d. 1997)
- 1924 – Aris Poulianos, Greek anthropologist and archaeologist
- 1929 – Alfred Binns, Jamaican-Indian cricketer
- 1930 – Alfred Balk, American journalist and editor (d. 2010)
- 1930 – Keshubhai Patel, Indian politician
- 1931 – Ermanno Olmi, Italian director
- 1931 – Éric Tabarly, French sailor (d. 1998)
- 1933 – John Aniston, American actor
- 1933 – Doug Sanders, American golfer
- 1934 – Sante Kimes, American criminal and murderer
- 1935 – Pat Oliphant, Australian cartoonist
- 1935 – Derek Varnals, South African cricketer
- 1936 – Ruth Buzzi, American actress and comedian
- 1936 – Mark Goddard, American actor
- 1936 – Dan Inosanto, Filipino-American martial artist
- 1937 – Manoj Kumar, Indian actor
- 1938 – Eugene J. Martin, American painter and artist
- 1938 – John Sparling, New Zealand cricketer
- 1939 – Walt Bellamy, American baseketball player
- 1940 – Stanley Hauerwas, American theologian
- 1940 – Dan Hedaya, American actor
- 1942 – Heinz, German-English singer-songwriter and bass player (The Tornados) (d. 2000)
- 1942 – Chris Sarandon, American actor
- 1944 – Jim Armstrong, Irish guitarist (Them)
- 1945 – Linda Harrison , American actress
- 1945 – Azim Premji, Indian businessman and philanthropist
- 1945 – Hugh Ross, Canadian astrophysicist
- 1946 – Gallagher, American comedian
- 1946 – Friedhelm Haebermann, German footballer
- 1947 – Zaheer Abbas, Pakistani cricketer
- 1947 – Robert Hays, American actor
- 1947 – Geoff McQueen, English screenwriter (d. 1994)
- 1947 – Peter Serkin, American pianist
- 1949 – Yves Duteil, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1949 – Michael Richards, American comedian, actor, writer, and producer
- 1950 – Arliss Ryan, American author
- 1951 – Lynda Carter, American actress
- 1951 – Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury, English politician
- 1952 – Gus Van Sant, American director
- 1953 – Jon Faddis, American trumpet player, conductor, and composer
- 1953 – Claire McCaskill, American politician
- 1956 – Charlie Crist, American politician
- 1956 – Pat Finn, American game show host and producer
- 1957 – Larry Gott, English singer and musician (James)
- 1957 – Pam Tillis, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
- 1958 – Joe Barry Carroll, American basketball player
- 1958 – Mick Karn, English musician and songwriter (Japan, Dalis Car, and NiNa) (d. 2011)
- 1958 – Jim Leighton, Scottish footballer
- 1961 – Kerry Dixon, English footballer
- 1961 – Paul Geary, American singer, drummer, and manager (Extreme)
- 1962 – Johnny O'Connell, American race car driver
- 1963 – Julie Krone, American jockey
- 1963 – Karl Malone, American basketball player
- 1964 – Barry Bonds, American baseball player
- 1964 – John Rosengren, American author
- 1964 – Banana Yoshimoto, Japanese author
- 1965 – Andrew Gaze, Australian basketball player
- 1965 – Kadeem Hardison, American actor
- 1965 – Doug Liman, American director
- 1966 – Martin Keown, English footballer
- 1968 – Kristin Chenoweth, American actress and singer
- 1968 – Colleen Doran, American writer and illustrator
- 1968 – Malcolm Ingram, Canadian director
- 1968 – Laura Leighton, American actress
- 1969 – Rick Fox, Bahamian basketball player
- 1969 – Jennifer Lopez, American actress, singer, dancer, and businesswoman
- 1970 – Stephanie Adams, American model and author
- 1970 – Elli Kokkinou, Greek singer
- 1971 – Dino Baggio, Italian footballer
- 1971 – John Partridge, English actor, singer, and dancer
- 1972 – Kaiō Hiroyuki, Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1972 – Jen Miller, American actress and author
- 1975 – Dafydd James, Welsh rugby player
- 1975 – Jamie Langenbrunner, American ice hockey player
- 1975 – Eric Szmanda, American actor
- 1975 – Torrie Wilson, American wrestler and model
- 1976 – Rafer Alston, American basketball player
- 1976 – Nate Bump, American baseball player
- 1976 – Tiago Monteiro, Portuguese race car driver
- 1977 – Danny Dyer, English actor
- 1977 – Mehdi Mahdavikia, Iranian footballer
- 1977 – Aitor Pérez, Spanish cyclist
- 1978 – Andy Irons, American surfer (d. 2010)
- 1978 – Crista Nicole, American model
- 1978 – Joanna Taylor, English model and actress
- 1979 – Rose Byrne, Australian actress
- 1979 – Alexis Mateo, Puerto Rican drag queen performer
- 1979 – Jerrod Niemann, American singer-songwriter
- 1979 – Stat Quo, American rapper and songwriter
- 1979 – Valerio Scassellati, Italian race car driver
- 1979 – Lee Si-yeon, South Korean actress
- 1979 – Anne-Gaëlle Sidot, French tennis player
- 1979 – Mark Andrew Smith, American author
- 1979 – Ryan Speier, American baseball player
- 1979 – José Valverde, American baseball player
- 1980 – Gauge, American porn actress
- 1980 – Wilfred Bungei, Kenyan runner
- 1980 – Joel Stroetzel, American guitarist (Killswitch Engage and Aftershock)
- 1981 – Summer Glau, American actress
- 1981 – Mark Robinson, English footballer
- 1982 – Chris Barrett, American director, producer, and author
- 1982 – Élise Crombez, Belgian model
- 1982 – Trevor Matthews, Canadian actor and producer
- 1982 – Thiago Medeiros, Brazilian race car driver
- 1982 – Mewelde Moore, American football player
- 1982 – Elisabeth Moss, American actress
- 1982 – Anna Paquin, Canadian-New Zealand actress
- 1982 – Michael Poppmeier, South African-German rugby player
- 1983 – Daniele De Rossi, Italian footballer
- 1983 – Asami Mizukawa, Japanese actress
- 1984 – Patrick Harvey, Irish-Australian actor
- 1984 – Tyler Kyte, Canadian actor, singer, and drummer (Sweet Thing)
- 1984 – Dhani Lennevald, Swedish singer and dancer (A*Teens)
- 1984 – Adam Nelson, Scottish footballer
- 1984 – Joris Putman, Dutch actor
- 1985 – Patrice Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1985 – Teagan Presley, American porn actress
- 1985 – Eric Wright, American football player
- 1986 – Andrei Lutai, Russian figure skater
- 1986 – Megan Park, Canadian actress
- 1987 – Nathan Gerbe, American ice hockey player
- 1987 – Filipe Francisco dos Santos, Brazilian footballer
- 1987 – Merve Sevi, Turkish actress
- 1987 – Mara Wilson, American actress
- 1988 – Ricky Petterd, Australian rules footballer
- 1988 – Han Seung-yeon, South Korean singer and dancer (Kara)
- 1989 – Maurkice Pouncey, American football player
- 1989 – Kim Tae-Hwan, South Korean footballer
- 1990 – Daveigh Chase, American actress
- 1990 – Jay McGuiness, English singer (The Wanted)
- 1990 – Dean Stoneman, English race car driver
- 1991 – Jarred Blakiston, New Zealand actor
- 1991 – Manuel Fischnaller, Italian footballer
- 1991 – Lin Yue, Chinese diver
- 1992 – Dmitry Abyzov, Russian footballer
- 1998 – Bindi Irwin, Australian television host, actress, and singer
Deaths
- 1115 – Matilda of Tuscany (b. 1046)
- 1129 – Emperor Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1053)
- 1240 – Konrad von Thüringen, German 5th Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (b. 1206)
- 1568 – Carlos, Prince of Asturias (b. 1545)
- 1594 – John Boste, English saint and martyr (b. 1544)
- 1739 – Benedetto Marcello, Italian composer (b. 1686)
- 1768 – Nathaniel Lardner, English theologian (b. 1684)
- 1862 – Martin Van Buren, American politician, 8th President of the United States (b. 1782)
- 1908 – Vicente Acosta, Salvadoran poet (b. 1867)
- 1910 – Arkhip Kuindzhi, Russian painter (b. 1841)
- 1927 – Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese writer (b. 1892)
- 1957 – Sacha Guitry, French actor and director (b. 1885)
- 1962 – Wilfrid Noyce, English mountaineer (b. 1917)
- 1965 – Constance Bennett, American actress (b. 1904)
- 1966 – Tony Lema, American golfer (b. 1934)
- 1969 – Witold Gombrowicz, Polish novelist (b. 1904)
- 1970 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman, philanthropist, and civil servant (b. 1897)
- 1973 – Konstantinos Dovas, Greek general and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1898)
- 1974 – James Chadwick, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
- 1980 – Uttam Kumar, Indian actor (b. 1926)
- 1980 – Peter Sellers, English comedian and actor (b. 1925)
- 1985 – Ezechiele Ramin, Italian missionary and martyr (b. 1953)
- 1986 – Fritz Albert Lipmann, German-American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
- 1986 – Qudrat Ullah Shahab, Pakistani civil servant and writer (b. 1920)
- 1991 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
- 1992 – Arletty, French actress and singer (b. 1898)
- 1992 – Sam Berger, Canadian lawyer and businessman (b. 1900)
- 1993 – Rene Requiestas, Filipino comedian and actor (b. 1957)
- 1995 – Marjorie Cameron, American writer and painter (b. 1922)
- 1995 – Jerry Lordan, English singer-songwriter and composer (b. 1934)
- 1995 – George Rodger, English photographer and journalist (b. 1908)
- 1996 – Alphonso Theodore Roberts, Indian cricketer and activist (b. 1937)
- 1997 – William J. Brennan, Jr., American jurist (b. 1906)
- 1997 – Saw Maung, Burmese dictator (b. 1928)
- 2000 – Ahmade Shamloo, Iranian poet (b. 1925)
- 2001 – Georges Dor, Canadian author and composer (b. 1931)
- 2004 – Bob Azzam, Lebanese singer (b. 1925)
- 2005 – Richard Doll, English physiologist (b. 1912)
- 2007 – Albert Ellis, American psychologist (b. 1913)
- 2007 – Chaney Kley, American actor (b. 1972)
- 2007 – Nicola Zaccaria, Greek singer (b. 1923)
- 2008 – Norman Dello Joio, American composer (b. 1913)
- 2009 – E. Lynn Harris, American author (b. 1955)
- 2010 – Alex Higgins, Irish snooker player (b. 1949)
- 2011 – Frank Dietrich, German politician (b. 1966)
- 2011 – Skip Thomas, American football player
- 2012 – Chad Everett, American actor (b. 1936)
- 2012 – Sherman Hemsley, American actor (b. 1938)
- 2012 – Themo Lobos, Chilean writer and illustrator (b. 1928)
- 2012 – John Atta Mills, Ghanaian politician, 3rd President of Ghana (b. 1944)
- 2012 – Gregorio Peces-Barba, Spanish politician and jurist (b. 1938)
Holidays and observances
External links
Months and days of the year
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