This article is about the year 1813.
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
---|---|
Centuries: | 18th century – 19th century – 20th century |
Decades: | 1780s 1790s 1800s – 1810s – 1820s 1830s 1840s |
Years: | 1810 1811 1812 – 1813 – 1814 1815 1816 |
1813 in topic: |
Humanities |
Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music |
By country |
Australia – Canada – France – Germany – Mexico – Philippines – South Africa – US – UK |
Other topics |
Rail Transport – Science – Sports |
Lists of leaders |
Colonial Governors – State leaders |
Birth and death categories |
Births – Deaths |
Establishments and disestablishments categories |
Establishments – Disestablishments |
Works category |
Works |
Gregorian calendar | 1813 MDCCCXIII |
Ab urbe condita | 2566 |
Armenian calendar | 1262 ԹՎ ՌՄԿԲ |
Assyrian calendar | 6563 |
Bahá'í calendar | -31–-30 |
Bengali calendar | 1220 |
Berber calendar | 2763 |
British Regnal year | 53 Geo. 3 – 54 Geo. 3 |
Buddhist calendar | 2357 |
Burmese calendar | 1175 |
Byzantine calendar | 7321–7322 |
Chinese calendar | 壬申年十一月廿九日 (4449/4509-11-29) — to —
癸酉年十二月初九日(4450/4510-12-9) |
Coptic calendar | 1529–1530 |
Ethiopian calendar | 1805–1806 |
Hebrew calendar | 5573–5574 |
Hindu calendars | |
- Vikram Samvat | 1869–1870 |
- Shaka Samvat | 1735–1736 |
- Kali Yuga | 4914–4915 |
Holocene calendar | 11813 |
Iranian calendar | 1191–1192 |
Islamic calendar | 1227–1229 |
Japanese calendar | Bunka 10 (文化10年) |
Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 12 days |
Korean calendar | 4146 |
Minguo calendar | 99 before ROC 民前99年 |
Thai solar calendar | 2356 |
Year 1813 (MDCCCXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
- January 24 – The Philharmonic Society founded in London (later the Royal Philharmonic Society).
- January 28 – Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is published.
- February 11 – Fort Meigs: Leftwich is not successful, and when he leaves, Major Amos Stoddard assumes the command of the post.
- February – General Harrison sends out an expedition to burn the British vessels at Fort Malden by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is not hard enough and the expedition returns.
- March 4 – James Madison is sworn in as President of the United States, for his second term.
- March 29 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Rosillo Creek: The Republican Army of the North defeats the Spanish Royalist Army in present-day Bexar County, Texas.
April–June
- April 8 – Colonel James Ball arrives at Fort Meigs with 200 dragoons.
- April 27 – War of 1812 – Battle of York: United States troops raid, destroy, but do not hold the capital of Ontario, York (present day Toronto, Ontario).
- May 2 – Battle of Lützen: Napoleon wins against the German alliance.
- May 11 – Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworth leave on an expedition to cross the Blue Mountains.
- May 20–May 21 – Battle of Bautzen: Napoleon again defeats his combined enemies.
- May 27 – War of 1812: In Canada, American forces capture Fort George.
- June 6
- War of 1812 – Battle of Stoney Creek: A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeat an American force three times its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
- Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworth succeed in crossing the Blue Mountains and return home.
- June 21 – Peninsular War – Battle of Vitoria: A British, Spanish, and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under Wellington defeats a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte.
July–September
- July 5 – War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
- July 13
- The Carabinieri, the national military police of Italy, are founded by Victor Emmanuel I as the police force of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
- Missionaries Adoniram Judson and his wife Ann Hasseltine Judson arrive in Burma.
- August 19 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate.
- August 23 – Battle of Großbeeren: Napoleon is defeated by Prussia and Sweden.
- August 26 – Battle of Katzbach: Napoleon's troops are defeated by Prussia and Russia.
- August 26–27 – Battle of Dresden: Napoleon's troops are victorious.
- August 29–30 – Battle of Kulm: Napoleon's troops are defeated by Russia, Prussia and Austria.
- August 31 – After besieging San Sebastian, allied troops of Spain rampage, ransack and burn down the town almost entirely.
- September – Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate of Britain.
- September 6 – Battle of Dennewitz: The armies of Napoleon are again defeated by Prussia and Russia.
- September 10 – War of 1812 – Battle of Lake Erie: An American squadron under Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British squadron, capturing 6 ships.
October–December
- October 5 – War of 1812 – Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada: William Henry Harrison defeats the British, and native leader Tecumseh is killed in battle.
- October 14 – After a ceremony in Caracas, Venezuela, the municipality gives Simón Bolívar the title of El Libertador.
- October 16–October 19 – Battle of Leipzig: Napoleon is defeated.
- October 24–November 5 – Persia and Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813 at the end of the Russo-Persian War by which Persia (Iran) loses all its territories to the north of Aras River to the Russians.
- October 26 – War of 1812 – Battle of Chateauguay: Charles de Salaberry defeats an American invasion
- November 11 – War of 1812 – Battle of Crysler's Farm: the Americans are defeated by the British.
- November 21 – An independent government is restored in the Netherlands.
- December 18–December 19 – War of 1812: British soldiers and native allies invade the United States and are successful in the Capture of Fort Niagara and attack Lewiston, New York.
- December 29 – War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York.
Date unknown
- Russian troops reach and take Berlin without a fight after the French garrison evacuates the city.
- Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking Traité des poisons, formalizing the field of toxicology.
- Charles Waterton begins the process of turning his estate at Walton Hall, West Yorkshire, England, into what is, in effect, the world's first nature reserve.[1]
- George Hamilton-Gordon serves as ambassador extraordinaire in Vienna.
- Following the death of his father Wossen Seged, Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of Shewa.
- The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania is founded (the oldest continuously existing literary society in the United States).
Births
January–June
- January 19 – Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898)
- January 21 – John C. Frémont, American soldier and explorer (d. 1890)
- January 26 – Juan Pablo Duarte, founder of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876)
- February 11 – Otto Ludwig, German writer (d. 1865)
- February 15 – Frederick Holbrook, Vermont governor (d. 1909)
- March 18 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d. 1863)
- March 19 – David Livingstone, Scottish missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
- March 21 – James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader (d. 1856)
- March 27 – Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d. 1888)
- April 23 – Stephen A. Douglas, U.S. Senator from Illinois and Presidential candidate (d. 1861)
- May 5 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (d. 1855)
- May 21 – Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d. 1843)
- May 22 – Richard Wagner, German composer (d. 1883)
- June 8 – David Dixon Porter, American admiral (d. 1891)
- June 24 – Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman and reformer (d. 1887)
July–December
- July 19 – Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist (d. 1874)
- September 17 – John Sedgwick, Union Army General, American Civil War (d. 1864)
- September 24 – Gerardo Barrios, President of El Salvador (d. 1865)
- October 10 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d. 1901)
- October 17 – Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837)
- November 30 – Charles-Valentin Alkan, French composer (d. 1888)
- December 19 – Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (d.1885)
Date unknown
- John Miley, American Methodist theologian (d. 1895)
Deaths
January–June
- January 6 – Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (b. 1764)
- January 20 – Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer (b. 1733)
- January 24 – George Clymer, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1739)
- February 13 – Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
- February 26 – Robert Livingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1746)
- April 10 – Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician (b. 1736)
- April 27 – Zebulon Pike, American general (b. 1779)
- April 28 – Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b. 1745)
- April 29 – John Andrews, American clergyman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, considered "America's first scholar" (b. 1746)
- May 1 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (killed in combat) (b. 1768)
- May 23 – Geraud Duroc, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1772)
- June 6 – Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (b. 1739)
- June 17 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (b. 1726)
- June 28 – Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b. 1755)
July–December
- July 29 – Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (suicide) (b. 1771)
- August 11 – Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745)
- August 15 – Abigail Amelia, First born daughter of John and Abigail Adams (b. 1765)
- August 23 – Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b. 1766)
- September 2 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1763)
- September 13 – Hezqeyas of Ethiopia, deposed Emperor of Ethiopia
- October 5 – Tecumseh, Shawnee leader (b. 1768)
- October 19 – Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763)
- November 12 – Jean de Crévecoeur, French-American writer (b. 1735)
- December 13 – William Franklin, son of Benjamin Franklin (b. 1731)
- December 24 – Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1740)
Date unknown
- Wossen Seged, Meridazmach of Shewa (murdered) (b. 1808)
References
- ^ Blackburn, Julia (1989). Charles Waterton, 1782-1865: traveller and conservationist. London: The Bodley Head. pp. 52–9. ISBN 0-370-31248-1.