Ruby Dee | |
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Ruby Dee speaking in 2006 |
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Born | Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. |
October 27, 1924
Occupation | Actress, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist, activist |
Years active | 1943–present |
Spouse | Frankie Dee Brown (approx 1941-1945; divorced) Ossie Davis (1948-2005; his death) |
Ruby Dee (born October 27, 1924) is an American actress, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist, and activist. She is perhaps best known for co-starring in the film A Raisin in the Sun (1961) and the film American Gangster (2007) for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She has won a Grammy, Emmy, Obie, Drama Desk, Screen Actors Guild Award, Screen Actors Guild Lifetime Achievement Award, and is a recipient of the National Medal of Arts and the Kennedy Center Honors, among scores of others awards.
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Early years
Dee was born Ruby Ann Wallace in Cleveland, Ohio, the daughter of Gladys Hightower and Marshall Edward Nathaniel Wallace, a cook, waiter, and porter. After her mother left the family, Dee's father married Emma Amelia Benson, a schoolteacher.[1][2][3][4] Dee grew up in Harlem, New York. She attended Hunter College High School and went on to graduate from Hunter College with degrees in French and Spanish in 1944. Dee is a member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.
Career
Dee made several appearances on Broadway before receiving national recognition for her role in the 1950 film The Jackie Robinson Story. Her career in acting has crossed all major forms of media over a span of eight decades, including the films A Raisin in the Sun, in which she recreated her stage role as a suffering housewife in the projects, and Edge of the City. She played both roles opposite Sidney Poitier. During the 1960s, Dee appeared in such politically charged films as Gone Are the Days and The Incident, which is recognized as helping pave the way for young African-American actors and filmmakers.
She appeared in one episode of The Golden Girls' sixth season. Dee has been nominated for eight Emmy Awards, winning once for her role in the 1990 TV film Decoration Day.[5] She was nominated for her television guest appearance in the China Beach episode, "Skylark". Her husband Ossie Davis (1917–2005) also appeared in that episode. In 1995, she and her husband were awarded the National Medal of Arts.[6] They were also recipients of the Kennedy Center Honors in 2004.
In 2003, Ruby Dee also narrated a series of WPA slave narratives [7] in the HBO film Unchained Memories, according to IMDB [8]
In 2007 the winner of the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album was tied between Dee and Ossie Davis for With Ossie And Ruby: In This Life Together, and former President Jimmy Carter.
She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2007 for her portrayal of Mama Lucas in American Gangster. She won the SAG award for the same performance. At 83 years old, Dee is currently the second oldest nominee for Best Supporting Actress, behind Gloria Stuart who was 87 when nominated for her role in Titanic. This was Dee's first nomination.
On February 12, 2009, Dee joined the Aaron Copland School of Music at Queens College orchestra and chorus, along with the Riverside Inspirational Choir and NYC Labor Choir, in honoring Abraham Lincoln's 200th birthday at the Riverside Church in New York City. Under the direction of Maurice Peress, they performed Earl Robinson's "The Lonesome Train: A Music Legend for Actors, Folk Singers, Choirs, and Orchestra" in which Dee was the Narrator.[9]
Personal life and activism
Ruby Wallace married blues singer Frankie Dee in the mid 1940s but later divorced him. Three years later she married actor Ossie Davis.
Together, Dee and Davis wrote an autobiography in which they discuss their political activism as well as insights on their open marriage.[10] Together they had three children; son, blues musician Guy Davis, and two daughters, Nora Day, and Hasna Muhammad. Dee has survived breast cancer for more than 30 years.
Dee and Davis were well-known civil rights activists. Among others, Dee is a member of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Delta Sigma Theta sorority and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Dee and Davis were personal friends of both Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X, with Davis giving the eulogy at Malcolm's funeral in 1965.
In November 2005 Dee was awarded along with her late husband the Lifetime Achievement Freedom Award, presented by the National Civil Rights Museum located in Memphis, TN. Dee, who is a long time resident of New Rochelle, New York, was inducted into the Westchester County Women’s Hall of Fame on March 30, 2007 joining the ranks with past honorees, Hillary Clinton, Sally Ziegler and Nita Lowey.[11] In 2009 she received an Honorary Degree from Princeton University.
Work
Filmography
Features:
- That Man of Mine (1946)
- What a Guy (1948)
- The Fight Never Ends (1949)
- The Jackie Robinson Story (1950)
- No Way Out (1950)
- The Tall Target (1951)
- Go, Man, Go! (1954)
- The Great American Pastime (1956)
- Edge of the City (1957)
- Virgin Island (1958)
- St. Louis Blues (1958)
- Take a Giant Step (1959)
- A Raisin in the Sun (1961)
- Purlie Victorious (1961)
- The Balcony (1963)
- Gone Are the Days! (1963)
- The Incident (1967)
- Up Tight! (1968)
- King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis (1970) (documentary)
- Buck and the Preacher (1972)
- Black Girl (1972)
- Wattstax (1973)
- Countdown at Kusini (1976)
- Cat People (1982)
- Do the Right Thing (1989)
- Love at Large (1990)
- Jungle Fever (1991)
- Color Adjustment (1992) (documentary) (narrator)
- Cop and a Half (1993)
- The Stand(1994)
- A Simple Wish (1997)
- Just Cause (1995)
- Mr. & Mrs. Loving (1996)
- A Time to Dance: The Life and Work of Norma Canner (1998) (documentary) (narrator)
- Baby Geniuses (1999)
- Baby of the Family (2002)
- Unchained Memories: Readings from the Slave Narratives (2003) (documentary) (narrator)
- Beah: A Black Woman Speaks (2003) (documentary)
- No. 2 (2006)
- The Way Back Home (2006)
- Lockdown, USA (2006) (documentary) (narrator)
- All About Us (2007)
- American Gangster (2007)
- Steam (2007)
- The Perfect Age of Rock 'n' Roll (2009)
- A Place Out of Time: The Bordentown School (2009) (documentary) (narrator)
- Dream Street (2010)
- Video Girl (2011)
- Politics of Love (2011)
- Red & Blue Marbles (2011)
- Broadway: Beyond the Golden Age (2012) (documentary)
- Long Distance Revolutionary: A Journey With Mumia Abu-Jamal (2012)
- A Thousand Words (2012)
Short subjects:
- Lorraine Hansberry: The Black Experience in the Creation of Drama (1975)
- The Torture of Mothers (1980)
- Tuesday Morning Ride (1995)
- The Unfinished Journey (1999) (narrator)
- The New Neighbors (2009) (narrator)
Television
- The First Year (1946)
- Seven Times Monday (1962)
- The Fugitive (TV series) (1963)
- Guiding Light (cast member in 1967)
- Peyton Place (cast member from 1968–1969)
- Deadlock (1969)
- The Sheriff (1971)
- Chelsea D.H.O. (1973) (unsold pilot)
- It's Good to Be Alive (1974)
- Roots: The Next Generations (1979) (miniseries)
- I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1979)
- All God's Children (1980)
- Ossie and Ruby! (1980–1982)
- Long Day's Journey into Night (1982)
- Go Tell It on the Mountain (1985)
- The Atlanta Child Murders (1985) (miniseries)
- Windmills of the Gods (1988)
- Lincoln (1988)
- The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson (1990)
- Decoration Day (1990)
- Golden Girls (1990)
- Jazztime Tale (1991) (voice)
- Middle Ages (1992–1993)
- The Ernest Green Story (1993)
- The Stand (1994) (miniseries)
- Whitewash (1994) (voice)
- Mr. and Mrs. Loving (1996)
- Captive Heart: The James Mink Story (1996)
- The Wall (1998)
- Little Bill (1999 - on hiatus) (voice)
- Passing Glory (1999)
- Having Our Say: The Delany Sisters' First 100 Years (1999)
- A Storm in Summer (2000)
- Finding Buck McHenry (2000)
- The Feast of All Saints (2001) (miniseries)
- Taking Back Our Town (2001)
- Their Eyes Were Watching God (2005)
- Meet Mary Pleasant (2008)
- America (2009)
Stage productions
- South Pacific (1943)
- Anna Lucasta (1944)
- Jeb (1946)
- A Long Way From Home (1948)
- The Smile of the World (1949)
- A Raisin in the Sun (1959)
- Purlie Victorious (1961)
- Checkmates (1988)
- The Glass Menagerie (1989)
Discography
- The Original Read-In for Peace in Vietnam (Folkways Records, 1967)
- The Poetry of Langston Hughes (with Ossie Davis. Caedmon Records, no date, TC 1272)
- What if I am a Woman?, Vol. 1: Black Women's Speeches (Folkways, 1977)
- What if I am a Woman?, Vol. 2: Black Women's Speeches (Folkways, 1977)
- Every Tone a Testimony (Smithsonian Folkways, 2001)
Awards and nominations
- Awards
- 1961: National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress – A Raisin in the Sun
- 1971: Drama Desk Award Outstanding Performance – Boesman and Lena
- 1971: Obie Award for Best Performance by an Actress – Boesman and Lena
- 1973: Drama Desk Award Outstanding Performance – Wedding Band
- 1991: Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Mini–Series or TV Movie – Decoration Day
- 1991: Women in Film Crystal Award[12]
- 1995: National Medal of Arts
- 2001: Screen Actors Guild Lifetime Achievement Award
- 2007: Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album- With Ossie And Ruby: In This Life Together
- 2008: African–American Film Critics Best Supporting Actress – American Gangster
- 2008: Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role – American Gangster
- 2008: The Eleanor Roosevelt Val-Kill Medal Award
- Nominations
- 1993: Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series – Evening Shade
- 2002: Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Actress – Saint Lucy's Eyes
- 2008: Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role – American Gangster
- 2008: Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture – American Gangster
- 2008: Satellite Award Best Supporting Actress – American Gangster
- 2008: Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture – American Gangster
- 2009: Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by a Female Actress in a Television Movie or Miniseries - America
- 2010: Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Event - America
Bibliography
- Davis, Ossie; Ruby Dee (1984) (Audio Cassette). Why Mosquitos Buzz in People's Ears. Caedmon. ISBN 9780694511877.
- Dee, Ruby (1986). My One Good Nerve: Rhythms, Rhymes, Reasons. Third World Press. ISBN 088378114X.
- Davis, Ossie; Dee, Ruby (1998). With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together. William Morrow. ISBN 9780688153960.
See also
References
- ^ Davis, Ossie; Dee, Ruby (1998). "Ruby Is Born at Seven". With Ossie and Ruby: In This Life Together. William Morrow. ISBN 0688175821. http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/d/davis-ossie.html. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ Gates, Henry Louis (2005). Arts and Letters: An A-To-Z Reference of Writers, Musicians, and Artists of the African American Experience. Running Press. ISBN 0762420421. http://books.google.com/books?id=_FhqCO4RJl8C&pg=PA167&lpg=PA167&dq=%22ruby+dee%22+%22marshall+edward+wallace%22&source=web&ots=C-ht4_E768&sig=iCL1HrvdVMa0iurFYC07him18oA.
- ^ Lyman, Darryl (2005). Great African-American Women. Jonathan David Company, Inc. ISBN 0824604598. http://books.google.com/books?id=4-HYBUp1sygC&pg=PA53&lpg=PA53&dq=%22ruby+dee%22+%22marshall+edward+wallace%22&source=web&ots=L1Jur4IeEi&sig=zFSTGlAkHX5a3nw50vRZ-aXHh-Y.
- ^ "Ruby Dee Biography". filmreference. 2008. http://www.filmreference.com/film/85/Ruby-Dee.html. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ "Ruby Dee Awards". The Internet Movie Database. 2008. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0002039/awards. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ Lifetime Honors - National Medal of Arts
- ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slave_narrative#WPA_slave_narratives
- ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0343129/
- ^ Theriversdechurchny.org
- ^ "Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee on Open Marriage". About.com. http://marriage.about.com/od/quotes/a/ossierubyopen.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ^ Staff writers (2007-03-06). "Ruby Dee To Be Named To Women's Hall Of Fame". Westchester.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-06. http://web.archive.org/web/20070506081112/http://westchester.com/Westchester_News/Westchester_Community_News/Ruby_Dee_To_Be_Named_To_Women%27s_Hall_Of_Fame_200703067510.html. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Past Recipients: Crystal Award". Women In Film. http://wif.org/past-recipients. Retrieved May 10, 2011.
External links
- The official site of Ossie Davis & Ruby Dee
- Ruby Dee at the Internet Broadway Database
- Ruby Dee at the Internet Movie Database
- Archive of American Television interview
- Ruby Dee at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
- Ruby Dee at the TCM Movie Database
- Ruby Dee at Yahoo! Movies
- Ruby Dee's oral history video excerpts at The National Visionary Leadership Project
- Notable Alumni of Hunter College High School on Wikipedia
- Ruby Dee Discography at Smithsonian Folkways