Polish alphabet
The Polish alphabet is the script of the Polish language. It is based on the Latin alphabet but uses diacritics such as kreska, which is graphically similar to acute accent (ć, ń, ó, ś, ź), as well as dot (ż), ogonek (ą, ę), and bar (ł). The standard character encoding for the Polish alphabet is ISO/IEC 8859-2 (Latin-2), although both ISO/IEC 8859-13 (Latin-7) and ISO/IEC 8859-16 (Latin-10) encodings include glyphs of the Polish alphabet.
There are 36 letters in the Polish alphabet (36 with digraphs), including 9 vowels and 23 consonants.
Uppercase | A | Ą | B | C | Ć | D | E | Ę | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | Ł | M | N | Ń | O | Ó | P | R | S | Ś | T | U | W | Y | Z | Ź | Ż | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
With digraphs | A | Ą | B | C | Ć | Cz | D | E | Ę | F | G | H | Ch | I | J | K | L | Ł | M | N | Ń | O | Ó | P | R | S | Sz | Ś | T | U | W | Y | Z | Ź | Ż | |
Lowercase | a | ą | b | c | ć | d | e | ę | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | ł | m | n | ń | o | ó | p | r | s | ś | t | u | w | y | z | ź | ż |
The letters Q, V and X do not belong to the Polish alphabet but are used in some commercial names and foreign words. In Polish pronunciation there is no need for them. They are replaced with K, W and KS/GZ respectively. Q, V, X are used in foreign nouns, but they aren't used in declension.
Some letters of Polish alphabet not present in the English alphabet can be shown using the following HTML codes:
Upper case | Ą | Ć | Ę | Ł | Ń | Ó | Ś | Ź | Ż |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HTML entity | Ą | Ć | Ę | Ł | Ń | Ó Ó |
Ś | Ź | Ż |
Result | Ą | Ć | Ę | Ł | Ń | Ó Ó |
Ś | Ź | Ż |
Lower case | ą | ć | ę | ł | ń | ó | ś | ź | ż |
HTML entity | ą | ć | ę | ł | ń | ó ó |
ś | ź | ż |
Result | ą | ć | ę | ł | ń | ó ó |
ś | ź | ż |