List of leaders of Afghanistan
Pre-1800 history of area
Modern Afghanistan |
The Emirate of Afghanistan (1747-1926)
(1747-1818)
- Padshah Ahmad Shah Durrani (October 1747-October 16 (23?) 1772)
- Emir Timur Shah Durrani (October 1772-1793)
- Emir Zaman Shah Durrani (1793-1800)
- Emir Mahmud Shah Durrani (1800-1803)
- Emir Shoja Shah (1803-1809)
- Emir Mahmud Shah Durrani (1809-1818)
- Emir Sultan Ali Shah (1818-1819)
- Emir Ayub Shah (1819-1823)
Barakzai Dynasty (1818-1839)
- Emir Dost Mohammad Khan (1818-August 1839)
(restored, 1839-1842)
- Emir Shoja Shah (1839-April 1842)
Barakzai Dynasty (restored, 1842-1926)
- Emir Dost Mohammad Khan (December 1842 - June 9, 1863)
- Emir Sher Ali Khan (June 12, 1863 - May 5, 1866
- Emir Mohammad Afzal Khan (May 5, 1866 - October 7, 1867)
- Emir Sher Ali Khan (October 7, 1867 - February 21, 1879)
- Emir Mohammad Ayub Khan (February 21, 1879 - October 28, 1879)
- Emir Abdur Rahman Khan (August 11, 1880 - October 3, 1901)
- Emir Habibullah Khan (October 3, 1901 - February 20, 1919)
- Emir Nasrullah Khan (February 21, 1919 - February 28, 1919)
- Emir Amanullah Khan (February 28, 1919 - June 9, 1926)
The Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926-1973)
Barakzai Dynasty (1901-1929)
- King Amanullah Shah (June 9, 1926 - January 14, 1929)
- King Inayatullah Shah (January 14, 1929 - January 17, 1929)
Habibullah Kalakānī (1929)
- Emir Habibullah Ghazi (January 17, 1929 - October 13, 1929)
Barakzai Dynasty (restored, 1929-1973)
- King Mohammed Nadir Shah (October 17, 1929 - November 8, 1933)
- King Mohammed Zahir Shah (November 8, 1933 - July 17, 1973)
The 1st Republic of Afghanistan (1973-1978)
- Sardar Mohammad Daud Khan (July 17, 1973 - April 27, 1978) (killed in coup d'état) - president
Military Dictatorship (1978)
- General Abdul Qadir (April 27, 1978 - April 30, 1978) - Chairman of The Military Council
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (1978-1987)
Communist Presidents of The Revolutionary Council
- Nur Mohammad Taraki (April 30, 1978 - September 16, 1979)
- Hafizullah Amin (September 16, 1979 - December 27, 1979)
- Babrak Karmal (December 27, 1979 - November 24, 1986) (also Party General Secretary December 27, 1979 - May 4, 1986)
- Haji Mohammad Chamkani (November 24, 1986 - September 30, 1987)
- Mohammad Najibullah (September 30, 1987 - November 30, 1987) (also Party General Secretary May 4, 1986 - June, 1990)
The 2nd Republic of Afghanistan (1987-1996)
Presidents
- Mohammad Najibullah (November 30, 1987 - April 16, 1992)
- (April 16, 1992 - April 28, 1992)
- Sibghatullah Mojaddedi (April 28, 1992 - June 28, 1992)
- Burhanuddin Rabbani (June 28, 1992 - September 27, 1996), continued official presidency in exile with international recognition, until 2001.
The Taliban State (Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, 1996-2001)
Head of State (Amir-UL-Momineen), Leader of The Faithful
- Mullah Mohammad Omar Mujahid (September 27, 1996 - November 13, 2001), Spiritual leader of ruling Taliban
Heads of the Taliban Supreme Council
- Mullah Mohammad Rabbani (September 27, 1996 - April 16, 2001)
- (April 16, 2001 - November 13, 2001)
The 2nd Republic of Afghanistan (Restored, 2001)
- President Burhanuddin Rabbani (November 13, 2001 to December 22, 2001), restored
Transitional State of Afghanistan (2001-2004)
- Hamid Karzai (December 22, 2001 to December 7, 2004) interim leader and chairman of the Afghan Transitional Authority
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004-Present)
President
- Hamid Karzai - (December 7, 2004-) the duly-elected president
Prime Ministers of Afghanistan (1927-2001)
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Tenure | Incumbent | Affiliation | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
October 25, 1927 - January 1929 | , Padshah-i Afghanistan | ||
January 1929 - November 1, 1929 | , Padshah-i Afghanistan | ||
November 14, 1929 - 1937 | Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan, Padshah De Afghanistan | ||
1937 - May 1946 | Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan, Padshah De Afghanistan | Pashto made official language of Afghanistan | |
May 1946 - September 7, 1953 | Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan | ||
September 7, 1953 - March 10, 1963 | Sardar Mohammad Daud Khan | ||
March 10, 1963 - November 2, 1965 | Mohammad Yusuf | ||
November 2, 1965 - October 11, 1967 | Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal | ||
October 11, 1967 - November 1, 1967 | Abdullah Yaqta, interim Prime Minister | ||
November 1, 1967 - June 9, 1971 | Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi | ||
June 9, 1971 - December 12, 1972 | Abdul Zahir | ||
December 12, 1972 to July 17, 1973 | Mohammad Musa Shafiq | ||
May 1, 1978 - March 27, 1979 | Nur Mohammad Taraki | Khalq | |
March 27, 1979 - December 27, 1979 | Hafizullah Amin | Khalq | |
December 27, 1979 to June 11, 1981 | Babrak Karmal | Parcham | |
June 11, 1981 - May 26, 1988 | Sultan Ali Keshtmand | 1st Term | |
May 26, 1988 - February 21, 1989 | Mohammad Hasan Sharq | Parcham | |
February 21, 1989 - May 8, 1990 | Sultan Ali Keshtmand | Parcham | 2nd Term |
May 8, 1990 - April 15, 1992 | Fazal Haq Khaliqyar | ||
July 6, 1992 - August 15, 1992 | Abdul Sabur Farid Kuhestani | ||
June 17 1993 - June 28, 1994 | Gulbuddin Hekmatyar | 1st Term | |
November 1994 - 1995 | Arsala Rahmani, acting Prime Minister | ||
1995 - June 26, 1996 | Ahmad Shah Ahmadzai, acting Prime Minister | ||
June 26, 1996 - September 27, 1996 | Gulbuddin Hekmatyar | 2nd Term | |
September 27, 1996 - August 11, 1997 | Gulbuddin Hekmatyar | Under Burhanuddin Rabbani | |
August 11, 1997 - August 21, 1997 | Abdul Rahim Ghafoorzai | Under Burhanuddin Rabbani | |
August 1997 - 2001 | Under Burhanuddin Rabbani |