'''November_16''' is the 320th day of the year (321st in Leap_years) in the Gregorian_Calendar, with 45 days remaining.
{{NovemberCalendar}}
== Events ==
* 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex_Justinianus is published.
* 1384 - Jadwiga is crowned King of Poland, although she is a woman.
* 1532 - Francisco_Pizarro and his men capture Inca Emperor Atahualpa.
* 1632 - The Battle of Lützen, where King Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden is killed.
* 1776 - American_Revolutionary_War: Hessian mercenaries capture Fort_Washington from the Patriots.
* 1776 - American_Revolution: The United_Provinces_(Low_Countries) recognize the independence of the United_States, the first country in the world to do so.
* 1821 - American_Old_West: Missouri trader William_Becknell arrives in Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico over a route that became known as the Santa_Fe_Trail.
* 1849 - A Russian court sentences Fyodor_Dostoevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group; his execution is canceled at the last minute.
* 1857 - Second relief of Lucknow. The most Victoria_Crosses won in a single day (24).
* 1863 - American_Civil_War: Battle_of_Campbell's_Station near Knoxville,_Tennessee. Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
* 1885 - Canadian rebel leader of the Métis and "Father of Manitoba", Louis_Riel is executed for high Treason.
* 1893 - Athletic Club Královské Vinohrady is founded. Later the team was renamed to Sparta_Prague.
* 1896 - First transmission of electrical power between two cities was sent from Niagara_Falls to industries in Buffalo,_New_York. (See War of Currents.)
* 1904 - John_Ambrose_Fleming invents the Vacuum_tube.
* 1906 - Opera star Enrico_Caruso is charged with an Indecent_act after allegedly pinching a woman's bottom in the monkey house of New_York's Central_Park_Zoo.
* 1907 - Indian_Territory and Oklahoma_Territory become Oklahoma and are admitted as the 46th U.S._state.
* 1914 - The Federal_Reserve_Bank of the United_States officially opens for business.
* 1920 - Qantas, the National_airline of Australia is registered as an aerial carrier under the name of “Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited”. Only KLM (now part of Air_France-KLM) is older.
* 1933 - The United_States and the Soviet_Union establish formal diplomatic relations.
* 1940 - World_War_II: In response to Germany leveling Coventry two days before, the Royal_Air_Force bombs Hamburg.
* 1940 - Holocaust: In Poland, Nazis close off the Warsaw_Ghetto from the outside world.
* 1940 - New_York_City's Mad_Bomber places his first bomb at a Manhattan office building used by Consolidated_Edison.
* 1943 - World War II: American bombers strike a Hydro-electric_power facility and Heavy_water factory in German-controlled Vermork, Norway.
* 1945 - Cold_War: The United_States controversially imports 88 German scientists to help in the production of Rocket technology.
* 1957 - Serial_killer Edward_Gein murders his last victim, Bernice Worden.
* 1959 - The Broadway musical, The_Sound_of_Music, starring Mary_Martin and Theodore_Bikel opens at the Lunt-Fontanne Theater.
* 1965 - Venera_program: The Soviet_Union launches the Venera_3 space probe toward Venus, the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another Planet.
* 1969 - The first episode of The_Clangers is broadcast by the BBC.
* 1973 - Skylab_program: NASA launches Skylab_4 with a crew of three Astronauts from Cape_Canaveral,_Florida for an 84-day mission.
* 1973 - US President Richard_Nixon signs the Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_Authorization_Act into law, authorizing the construction of the Alaska_Pipeline.
* 1977 - ''Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind'' opens in theaters.
* 1979 - The first line of Bucharest_Metro (Line M1) is opened from Timpuri Noi to Semanatoarea in Bucharest, Romania.
* 1980 - Louis_Althusser murders his wife and immediately confesses.
* 1981 - Luke_and_Laura marry on General_Hospital; it is the highest-rated hour in daytime television history.
* 1988 - The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR declares that the Estonia was "sovereign" but stopped short of declaring independence.
* 1988 - In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan choose populist candidate Benazir_Bhutto to be Prime_Minister.
* 1989 - A Death_squad composed of El_Salvadoran army troops kill six Jesuit priests and two others at Jose_Simeon_Canas_University.
* 1990 - Rocky_V is the 4th Rocky sequel to open in theaters, starring Sylvester_Stallone.
* 1996 - Mother_Teresa receives honorary US citizenship.
* 1997 - After nearly 18 years of incarceration, the People's_Republic_of_China releases Wei_Jingsheng, a pro-Democracy dissident, from jail for medical reasons.
* 2000 - Bill_Clinton becomes the first sitting US President to visit Vietnam.
* 2001 - The first ''Harry_Potter'' film, ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is released, becoming the second highest grossing film around the world of all time.
* 2004 - X-43A Scramjet becomes the fastest air-breathing jet flying at nearly Mach 10 at approx. 11,200 km/h or 3.11 km/s.
* 2005 - Australia qualify for the FIFA World Cup in June, 2006, for the first time in 32 years.
== Births ==
* 42_BC - Tiberius, Roman emperor (d. 37)
* 1603 - Augustyn_Kordecki, Polish prior (d. 1673)
* 1717 - Jean_le_Rond_d'Alembert, French mathematician and encyclopædist (d. 1793)
* 1720 - Carlo_Antonio_Campioni, Italian composer (d. 1788)
* 1766 - Rodolphe_Kreutzer, French violinist (d. 1831)
* 1836 - David_Kalakaua_of_Hawaii, last king of Hawaii (d. 1891)
* 1862 - Charles Turner, Australian cricketer (d. 1944)
* 1873 - W._C._Handy, American composer (d. 1958)
* 1889 - George Kaufman, American playwright (d. 1961)
* 1892 - Guo_Moruo, Chinese writer (d. 1978)
* 1894 - Richard_Nikolaus_Graf_Coudenhove-Kalergi, Austrian politician (d. 1972)
* 1895 - Paul_Hindemith, German composer (d. 1963)
* 1896 - Oswald_Mosley, British fascist (d. 1980)
* 1896 - Lawrence_Tibbett, American actor and singer (d. 1960)
* 1905 - Eddie_Condon, American musician (d. 1973)
* 1907 - Burgess_Meredith, American actor (d. 1997)
* 1916 - Daws_Butler, voice actor (d. 1988)
* 1922 - Gene_Amdahl, American computer scientist
* 1922 - José Saramago, Portuguese writer, Nobel Prize laureate
* 1924 - Mel_Patton, American athlete
* 1928 - Clu_Gulager, American actor
* 1930 - Chinua_Achebe, Nigerian author
* 1938 - Robert_Nozick, American philosopher (d. 2002)
* 1943 - Michael_Cimino, American film director
* 1952 - Shigeru_Miyamoto, Japanese video game designer
* 1954 - Bruce Edwards, golf caddy (d. 2004)
* 1958 - Marg_Helgenberger, American actress
* 1961 - Frank_Bruno, British boxer
* 1962 - Josh_Silver, American keyboardist and record producer (Type_O_Negative)
* 1964 - Dwight_Gooden, American athlete
* 1964 - Diana_Krall, Canadian singer
* 1964 - Valeria_Bruni_Tedeschi, Italian actress
* 1967 - Lisa_Bonet, American actress
* 1967 - Craig_Arnold, American poet
* 1970 - Martha_Plimpton, American actress
* 1971 - Alexander Popov, Russian swimmer
* 1971 - Waqar_Younis, Pakistani cricketer
* 1974 - Paul_Scholes, English footballer
* 1977 - Oksana_Baiul, Ukrainian figure skater
* 1977 - Maggie_Gyllenhaal, American actress
* 1978 - Gary_Naysmith, Scottish footballer
* 1980 - Kayte_Christensen, American Basketball Player
* 1981 - Allison_Crowe, Canadian singer and songwriter
* 1984 - Kimberly_J._Brown, American actress
== Deaths ==
*1093 - Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland, wife of King Malcolm_Canmore
*1240 - Edmund_Rich, St. Edmund of Canterbury
*1272 - King Henry_III_of_England (b. 1207)
*1328 - Prince_Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (b. 1276)
*1613 - Trajano_Boccalini, Italian satirist (b. 1556)
*1628 - Paolo_Quagliati, Italian composer
*1632 - King Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden (killed in battle) (b. 1594)
*1695 - Pierre_Nicole, French philosopher (b. 1625)
*1724 - Jack_Sheppard, English burglar (hanged) (b. 1702)
*1745 - James_Butler,_2nd_Duke_of_Ormonde, Irish statesman and soldier (b. 1665)
*1773 - John_Hawkesworth, English writer
*1779 - Pehr_Kalm, Finnish explorer and naturalist (b. 1716)
*1790 - Daniel_of_St._Thomas_Jenifer, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
*1797 - Frederick_William_II_of_Prussia (b. 1744)
*1802 - André_Michaux, French botanist (b. 1746)
*1806 - Moses_Cleaveland, founder of Cleveland, Ohio (b. 1754)
*1836 - Christian_Hendrik_Persoon, Dutch mycologist (b. 1761)
*1885 - Louis_Riel, Canadian activist and politician (b. 1844)
*1907 - Robert_I,_Duke_of_Parma, last ruling Duke of Parma (b. 1848)
*1911 - Albert_Alonzo_Ames, Mayor of Minneapolis (b. 1842)
*1922 - Max_Abraham, German physicist (b. 1875)
*1939 - Pierce Butler, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1866)
*1960 - Clark_Gable, American actor (b. 1901)
*1961 - Sam_Rayburn, U.S. Speaker of the House (b. 1882)
*1973 - Alan_Watts, English writer (b. 1915)
*1982 - Arthur_Askey, British comedian (b. 1900)
*1994 - Doris_Speed, British actress (b. 1899)
*1994 - Dino_Valente, American musician (Quicksilver_Messenger_Service) (b. 1943)
*1999 - Daniel_Nathans, American microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine (b. 1928)
*2000 - DJ_Screw, American hiphop DJ (b. 1971)
*2003 - Bettina_Goislard, French relief worker (b. 1974)
*2005 - Henry_Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
*2005 - Robert_Tisch, American football team owner (b. 1926)
*2005 - Donald_Watson, founder of the Vegan_Society (b. 1910)
== Holidays and observances ==
*R.C. Saints - Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland ; Gertrude_the_Great
*Also see November_16_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
*International_Day_for_Tolerance
*Iceland - Dagur íslenskrar tungu (Icelandic_Language_Day)
* Thailand - Loy_Krathong festival (2005)
* USA - admission of Oklahoma, 46th state, 1907
== External links ==
* BBC: On This Day
----
November_15 - November_17 - October_16 - December_16 -- listing of all days
{{months}}
Af:16_November
Ar:16_نوفمبر
An:16_de_nobiembre
Ast:16_de_payares
Bg:16_ноември
Be:16_лістапада
Bs:16._novembar
Ca:16_de_novembre
Ceb:Nobiyembre_16
Cv:Чӳк,_16
Co:16_di_nuvembri
Cs:16._listopad
Cy:16_Tachwedd
Da:16._november
De:16._November
Et:16._november
El:16_Νοεμβρίου
Es:16_de_noviembre
Eo:16-a_de_novembro
Eu:Azaroaren_16
Fo:16._november
Fr:16_novembre
Fy:16_novimber
Ga:16_Samhain
Gl:16_de_novembro
Ko:11월_16일
Hr:16._studenog
Io:16_di_novembro
Id:16_November
Ia:16_de_novembre
Is:16._nóvember
It:16_novembre
He:16_בנובמבר
Jv:16_November
Ka:16_ნოემბერი
Csb:16_lëstopadnika
Ku:16'ê_sermawezê
Lt:Lapkričio_16
Lb:16._November
Hu:November_16
Mk:16_ноември
Ms:16_November
Nl:16_november
Ja:11月16日
No:16._november
Nn:16._november
Oc:16_de_novembre
Pl:16_listopada
Pt:16_de_Novembro
Ro:16_noiembrie
Ru:16_ноября
Sq:16_Nëntor
Scn:16_di_nuvèmmiru
Simple:November_16
Sk:16._november
Sl:16._november
Sr:16._новембар
Fi:16._marraskuuta
Sv:16_november
Tl:Nobyembre_16
Tt:16._Nöyäber
Te:నవంబర్_16
Th:16_พฤศจิกายน
Vi:16_tháng_11
Tr:16_Kasım
Uk:16_листопада
Wa:16_di_nôvimbe
War:Nobyembre_16
Zh:11月16日