Texas Great ape languageLanguages taughtto non-human apes American Sign Language Yerkish Non-human apestaughtsimple languagesBonobos Kanzi Nyota Panbanisha Chimpanzees Lana Loulis Lucy Nim Chimpsky Sarah Viki Washoe Gorillas Koko Michael Ndume Orangutans Azy Chantek Researchers Francine Patterson Sue Savage-Rumbaugh Maurice K. Temerlin Roger Fouts Tetsuro Matsuzawa William M. Fields Research centers Chimpanzee and Human Communication Institute Elgin Center Iowa Primate Learning Sanctuary The Gorilla Foundation Media Koko: A Talking Gorilla (1978 film) The Mind of an Ape (1983 book) Next of Kin (1997 book) Project Nim (2011 film) Related Animal language Animal communication Primate cognition Animal cognition Human–animal communication