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Revision as of 11:18, 21 April 2022
The Islamic Emirate of Byara, or Byara Emirate, was a short-lived unrecognized Kurdish Islamic quasi-state.
Foundation
In 2001, in the highlands of the Avroman region in the Iraq-Iran border, near the town of Halabja, a Kurdish jihadist group called Ansar al-Islam, set up the Islamic Emirate of Byara. Najmaddin Faraj Ahmad, better known as Mullah Krekar, leader of Ansar al-Islam, was the head of the Emirate. The emirate was the first time that Iraq’s Kurdish Islamists succeeded at controlling territory and establishing Sharia law. Kurdish jihadists from Iran provided vital cross-border assistance in the to the Byara Emirate. With the area under embargo by the PUK, Iranian Kurdish jihadists set up networks that illegally smuggled to the area, and aided the emirate.[1][2][3][4]
Collapse
The emirate ended after America, with support from the PUK and Iraq, led a series of attacks on Byara with missiles in 2003, then redoubled with an offensive a few days later. After the loss of the emirate, Ansar fighters gathered at the Iraq-Iran border, where the IRGC payed no mind to the Kurdish jihadists' nighttime activity, and Iranian Kurds who gave Ansar fighters refuge in Iran "obtained approval from the Iranian side, on the condition that the transportation [of Ansar fighters] was done quietly and secretly, and the jihadists be housed on the outskirts of cities and in remote neighborhoods". "If Ansar fighters were seen in groups, in large cities, they would be detained and deported back to Iraq", Iranian Kurdish supporters were warned. The IRGC ordered for the treatment of wounded fighters to be done in secret. Some Ansar members brought their families with them to Iran; some were detained by authorities for two brief weeks, then released. Ansar al-Islam allegedly had an agreement with the IRGC not to attack Iranian forces. Some jihadists returned to Iraq a few months later, re-organising themselves under a new organization called Ansar al-Sunna, and carried out terrorist activities against Kurdish, Iraqi and US-led coalition forces.[5][6][7] [8][9]
See also
References
- ^ https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/03092020
- ^ https://iranwire.com/en/features/64660
- ^ https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/syria/23062020
- ^ http://middleeastreference.org.uk/iraqiopposition.html#igk Archived 2007-03-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/03092020
- ^ https://iranwire.com/en/features/64660
- ^ https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/syria/23062020
- ^ Masters of Chaos, Chapter 13 p. 7 Archived 2012-02-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ John Pike. "Ansar al Islam (Supporters of Islam)". Retrieved 20 March 2015.