AntonSamuel (talk | contribs) Coordinate correction |
rewrote (replaced lead image with a newer one; added economic region map; remove Armenian translation from lead (it's irrelevant to a city that barely had any Armenian population prior before occupation and small numbers during occupation); rewrote History section; added Demographics section) |
||
Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
| native_name = Zəngilan |
| native_name = Zəngilan |
||
| other_name = |
| other_name = |
||
| image_skyline = |
| image_skyline = İlham Əliyev Qubadlı və Zəngilan rayonlarında olub 51.jpg |
||
| image_caption = |
| image_caption = |
||
| image_size = |
| image_size = |
||
| pushpin_map = Azerbaijan |
| pushpin_map = Azerbaijan#East Zangezur |
||
| pushpin_mapsize = 300 |
| pushpin_mapsize = 300 |
||
| subdivision_type = Country |
| subdivision_type = Country |
||
Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
| area_footnotes = |
| area_footnotes = |
||
| population_as_of = 2015 |
| population_as_of = 2015 |
||
| population_total = 500<ref>http://stat-nkr.am/files/publications/2015/LXH_tverov_2015.pdf |
| population_total = 500<ref name="2015 est">{{cite web|title=Urban communities of the NKR|url=http://stat-nkr.am/files/publications/2015/LXH_tverov_2015.pdf|website=stat-nkr.am|publisher=National Statistical Service of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic|page=13|date=1 January 2015}}</ref> |
||
| population_density_km2 = |
| population_density_km2 = |
||
| timezone = [[UTC]] |
| timezone = [[UTC]] |
||
Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Zangilan'''{{efn|Also anglicized as |
'''Zangilan'''{{efn|Also anglicized as ''Zangelan''}} ({{Lang-az|Zəngilan}}; {{small|{{Audio|Az-Zangilan.ogg|(listen)|help=no}}}}) is a city in [[Azerbaijan]] and the administrative centre of the [[Zangilan District]]. It is situated along the [[Voghji (river)|Okhchu]] river. |
||
== History == |
== History == |
||
After the [[Russian conquest of the Caucasus]] in the nineteenth century, Zangilan (then called ''Pirchivan'') became part of the [[Zangezur Uyezd]] of the [[Russian Empire]]'s [[Elisabethpol Governorate]]. According to 1886 census data, there were 50 homes and 211 [[Azerbaijanis]] (classified as "Tatars" in the census) of the [[Shiite]] branch of [[Islam]] in Pirchivan.<ref name="tsc">{{cite book |title=Свод статистических данных о населении Закавказскаго края, извлеченных из посемейных списков 1886 г. |publisher=Transcaucasian Statistical Committee |date=1893 |location=Tiflis |page=[https://viewer.rsl.ru/ru/rsl01005403186?page=255 255]}}</ref> According to the 1912 "Caucasian Calendar", the village of Zangilan was home to 762 people, the majority of whom were Azerbaijanis (classified as "Tatars" in the census).<ref name="caucasian">{{cite book |title=Кавказский календарь на 1912 год |date=1911 |page=155 |publisher=Канцелярия Кавказского Наместника |location=Tiflis |url=https://www.prlib.ru/item/417317 |access-date=17 June 2022 |language=ru}}</ref> |
|||
[[File:Zangilan (Зангелан) J-38-034.jpg|thumb|200x200px|left|Zangilan on a Soviet topographic map (1978)]] |
|||
Being part of [[Azerbaijan SSR]] during the Soviet period, the village was known as ''Pirchivan'' until 1957. According to the data of 1933, the population of the village was 574, of which 98.7% were Azerbaijanis.<ref>{{cite book |title=Административное деление АССР |trans-title=Administrative divisions of the ASSR |language=ru |page=101 }}</ref> On 31 August 1957, the village was renamed to ''Zangilan''.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=[[Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia]] |year=1980 |volume=4 |page=317 }}</ref> It was given the status of a town in 1967. According to the 1979 Soviet census, 5,012 people lived in the town, of which 96.1% were Azerbaijanis and 3.6% were Russians or Ukrainians.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/zangelan79.html |title=ЗАНГЕЛАНСКИЙ РАЙОН (1979 г.) |language=ru |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru }}</ref> The population rose to 6,968 in 1989.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php |title=1989 All-Union Population Census |author=<!--Not stated--> |language=ru |website=demoscope.ru}}</ref> |
|||
Pirchivan I and Pirchivan II were part of the village council of the same name in the Zangilan District of the [[Azerbaijan SSR]] during the early Soviet period in 1933. Pirchivan I was the administrative centre of the district, with 574 residents and 95 farms, while Pirchivan II had 148 residents and 35 farms. The village council's population, which also included the villages of [[Genlik]], [[Malatkeşin]], and [[Tağlı]], was 98.7 percent Azerbaijani.<ref>{{cite book |title=Административное деление АССР |trans-title=Administrative divisions of the ASSR |date=1933 |publisher=AzUNKHU |language=ru |page=101 }}</ref> |
|||
The village became part of the [[Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh]], coming under the control of ethnic Armenian forces on 29 October 1993 during the [[First Nagorno-Karabakh War]] in the early 1990s. |
|||
Pirchivan was classified as an [[urban-type settlement]] and renamed ''Zangilan'' by the Presidium of the [[Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]] on 31 August 1957. It was given [[city status]] in 1967.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=[[Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia]] |year=1980 |location=Baku |volume=4 |page=317 }}</ref> The city had a railway station on the Baku-Nakhchivan branch line, as well as a state farm for wine production.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Зангелан |trans-title=Zangelan |encyclopedia=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]] |date=1972 |volume=9 |page=329 |location=Moscow}}</ref> The city had a population of 6,968 people according to the [[Soviet Census (1989)|Soviet Census of 1989]].<ref name="demo1989">{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php|title=Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г.|website=www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru}}</ref> |
|||
⚫ | The |
||
⚫ | The city was occupied by Armenian forces on 29 October 1993 during the [[First Nagorno-Karabakh War]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tarixi |url=http://www.zengilan-ih.gov.az/az/page/11.html |website=Azərbaycan Respublikası Zəngilan Rayon İcra Hakimiyyəti |access-date=17 June 2022 |language=az}}</ref> It was later incorporated into the self-proclaimed [[Republic of Artsakh]] as part of its [[Kashatagh Province]], where it was known as ''Kovsakan'' ({{lang-hy|Քաշունիք}}). Following the outbreak of the [[Syrian Civil War]], Armenian refugees from [[Syria]], mostly farmers, settled in the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Armenia: Syrian Refugees Resettling in Occupied Azerbaijani Territory|url=http://www.eurasianet.org/node/66461|website=EurasiaNet|date=28 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://armenianow.com/news/50505/agbu_syrian_armenians_karabakh|title=Syrian-Armenians in NKR benefit from AGBU agricultural program|access-date=2016-02-14|archive-date=2018-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616153652/https://www.armenianow.com/news/50505/agbu_syrian_armenians_karabakh|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Armenia: refugees in the military|url=http://www.dw.com/en/armenia-refugees-in-the-military/av-19447727|publisher=Deutsche Welle}}</ref> Azerbaijan described the settlement of Syrian Armenians on its internationally recognised territory as a violation of international law that impended the peace process.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ghazaryan |first1=Hayk |last2=Sultanova |first2=Shahla |title=Карабах может стать второй родиной для сирийских армян |url=https://iwpr.net/ru/global-voices/karabakh-mozhet-stat-vtoroy-rodinoy-dlya-siriyskikh-armyan |website=[[Institute for War and Peace Reporting]] |access-date=17 June 2022 |language=ru}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | Azerbaijan recaptured the city on 20 October 2020, during the [[2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mod.gov.az/en/news/president-ilham-aliyev-zangilan-city-and-6-villages-of-the-district-18-villages-of-fuzuli-jabrayil-and-khojavand-distric-33131.html |title=President Ilham Aliyev: Zangilan city and 6 villages of the district, 18 villages of Fuzuli, Jabrayil, and Khojavand districts liberated |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=20 October 2020 |website=mod.gov.az }}</ref> On 23 December 2020, President [[Ilham Aliyev]] raised the [[Azerbaijani flag]] in the city.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ilham Aliyev and First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva visited Gubadli and Zangilan districts |url=https://president.az/en/articles/view/49394 |website=president.az |access-date=17 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref> |
||
On 26 April 2021 President [[Ilham Aliyev]] laid a [[foundation stone]] for the villages of [[Birinci Ağalı]], [[İkinci Ağalı]] and [[Üçüncü Ağalı]], chosen as the first settlements to be restored as [[Smart city|smart villages]]. The villages will purportedly have more than 200 houses, schools, kindergartens, outpatient clinics and e-government centers, as well as a [[hydroelectric power plant]].<ref>{{cite news |title=As Azerbaijan Looks To Restore Its Karabakh Region, Global Know-How Could Be Key |url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/as-azerbaijan-looks-to-restore-its-karabakh-region-global-know-how-could-be-key-2021-4-30-0/ |access-date=30 April 2021 |agency=Caspian News |date=29 April 2021}}</ref> |
|||
== Demographics == |
|||
{| class="wikitable" |
|||
! Year |
|||
! Population |
|||
! Ethnic composition |
|||
! Source |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1886 |
|||
| 211 |
|||
| 100% Tatars (i.e. [[Azerbaijanis]]) |
|||
| Transcaucasian Statistical Committee<ref name="tsc" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1912 |
|||
| 762 |
|||
| Mostly Tatars |
|||
| Caucasian Calendar<ref name="caucasian" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1939 |
|||
| 1,103 |
|||
| 83% Azerbaijanis, 10.1% [[Russians]], 4.9% [[Armenians]] |
|||
| [[Soviet Census (1939)|Soviet Census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/zangelan39.html |title=Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1939 года}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1959 |
|||
| 2,980 |
|||
| 98.3% Azerbaijanis, 0.8% Russians, 0.2% Armenians |
|||
| [[Soviet Census (1959)|Soviet Census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/zangelan59.html |title=Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1959 года}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1970 |
|||
| 4,103 |
|||
| 98.6% Azerbaijanis, 0.7% Russians, 0.3% Armenians |
|||
| [[Soviet Census (1970)|Soviet Census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/zangelan70.html |title=Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1970 года}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1979 |
|||
| 5,012 |
|||
| 96.1% Azerbaijanis, 3.6% Russians, 0.1% Armenians |
|||
| [[Soviet Census (1979)|Soviet Census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/zangelan79.html|title=Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1979 года}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1989 |
|||
| 6,968 |
|||
| |
|||
| [[Soviet Census (1989)|Soviet Census]]<ref name="demo1989" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
| 1991 |
|||
| ~7,200 |
|||
| |
|||
| {{ill|Great Encyclopedic Dictionary|ru|Большой энциклопедический словарь}}<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=ЗАНГЕЛАН |trans-title=ZANGELAN |encyclopedia=Great Encyclopedic Dictionary |date=2000 |location=Moscow |url=https://www.vedu.ru/bigencdic/21836/}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="12" |'''29 October 1993: Occupation of Zangilan. Expulsion of Azerbaijani population''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2015 |
|||
| 500 |
|||
| ~100% Armenians |
|||
| [[NKR]] estimate<ref name="2015 est" /> |
|||
|} |
|||
== Gallery == |
== Gallery == |
||
<gallery mode="packed |
<gallery mode="packed-hover"> |
||
Kovsakan125.jpg|[[Voghji (river)|Okhchu River]] |
Kovsakan125.jpg|[[Voghji (river)|Okhchu River]] |
||
İlham Əliyev Qubadlı və Zəngilan rayonlarında olub 48.jpg|Ruins of a destroyed mosque |
İlham Əliyev Qubadlı və Zəngilan rayonlarında olub 48.jpg|Ruins of a destroyed mosque |
||
Kovsakan126.jpg|[[Voghji (river)|Okhchu River]] |
Kovsakan126.jpg|[[Voghji (river)|Okhchu River]] |
||
Дорога в Ковсакан - panoramio.jpg|Zangilan's nature |
Дорога в Ковсакан - panoramio.jpg|Zangilan's nature |
||
Kovsakan132.jpg|Roundabout in central Zangilan |
|||
Kovsakan129.jpg|Old [[khachkar]] |
Kovsakan129.jpg|Old [[khachkar]] |
||
Kovsakan112.jpg|New khachkar |
Kovsakan112.jpg|New khachkar |
||
İlham Əliyev Qubadlı və Zəngilan rayonlarında olub 51.jpg|Entrance of Zangilan |
|||
</gallery> |
</gallery> |
||
Revision as of 20:38, 17 June 2022
Zangilan
Zəngilan | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 39°05′14.0″N 46°39′04.3″E / 39.087222°N 46.651194°E | |
Country | Azerbaijan |
District | Zangilan |
Population (2015) | |
• Total | 500[1] |
Time zone | UTC+4 (UTC) |
Zangilan[a] (Azerbaijani: Zəngilan; ⓘ) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Zangilan District. It is situated along the Okhchu river.
History
After the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the nineteenth century, Zangilan (then called Pirchivan) became part of the Zangezur Uyezd of the Russian Empire's Elisabethpol Governorate. According to 1886 census data, there were 50 homes and 211 Azerbaijanis (classified as "Tatars" in the census) of the Shiite branch of Islam in Pirchivan.[2] According to the 1912 "Caucasian Calendar", the village of Zangilan was home to 762 people, the majority of whom were Azerbaijanis (classified as "Tatars" in the census).[3]
Pirchivan I and Pirchivan II were part of the village council of the same name in the Zangilan District of the Azerbaijan SSR during the early Soviet period in 1933. Pirchivan I was the administrative centre of the district, with 574 residents and 95 farms, while Pirchivan II had 148 residents and 35 farms. The village council's population, which also included the villages of Genlik, Malatkeşin, and Tağlı, was 98.7 percent Azerbaijani.[4]
Pirchivan was classified as an urban-type settlement and renamed Zangilan by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic on 31 August 1957. It was given city status in 1967.[5] The city had a railway station on the Baku-Nakhchivan branch line, as well as a state farm for wine production.[6] The city had a population of 6,968 people according to the Soviet Census of 1989.[7]
The city was occupied by Armenian forces on 29 October 1993 during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.[8] It was later incorporated into the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh as part of its Kashatagh Province, where it was known as Kovsakan (Armenian: Քաշունիք). Following the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War, Armenian refugees from Syria, mostly farmers, settled in the city.[9][10][11] Azerbaijan described the settlement of Syrian Armenians on its internationally recognised territory as a violation of international law that impended the peace process.[12]
Azerbaijan recaptured the city on 20 October 2020, during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War.[13] On 23 December 2020, President Ilham Aliyev raised the Azerbaijani flag in the city.[14]
Demographics
Year | Population | Ethnic composition | Source | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1886 | 211 | 100% Tatars (i.e. Azerbaijanis) | Transcaucasian Statistical Committee[2] | ||||||||
1912 | 762 | Mostly Tatars | Caucasian Calendar[3] | ||||||||
1939 | 1,103 | 83% Azerbaijanis, 10.1% Russians, 4.9% Armenians | Soviet Census[15] | ||||||||
1959 | 2,980 | 98.3% Azerbaijanis, 0.8% Russians, 0.2% Armenians | Soviet Census[16] | ||||||||
1970 | 4,103 | 98.6% Azerbaijanis, 0.7% Russians, 0.3% Armenians | Soviet Census[17] | ||||||||
1979 | 5,012 | 96.1% Azerbaijanis, 3.6% Russians, 0.1% Armenians | Soviet Census[18] | ||||||||
1989 | 6,968 | Soviet Census[7] | |||||||||
1991 | ~7,200 | Great Encyclopedic Dictionary[19] | |||||||||
29 October 1993: Occupation of Zangilan. Expulsion of Azerbaijani population | |||||||||||
2015 | 500 | ~100% Armenians | NKR estimate[1] |
Gallery
-
Ruins of a destroyed mosque
-
Zangilan's nature
-
Roundabout in central Zangilan
-
Old khachkar
-
New khachkar
References
- ^ Also anglicized as Zangelan
- ^ a b "Urban communities of the NKR" (PDF). stat-nkr.am. National Statistical Service of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. 1 January 2015. p. 13.
- ^ a b Свод статистических данных о населении Закавказскаго края, извлеченных из посемейных списков 1886 г. Tiflis: Transcaucasian Statistical Committee. 1893. p. 255.
- ^ a b Кавказский календарь на 1912 год (in Russian). Tiflis: Канцелярия Кавказского Наместника. 1911. p. 155. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ Административное деление АССР [Administrative divisions of the ASSR] (in Russian). AzUNKHU. 1933. p. 101.
- ^ Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Baku. 1980. p. 317.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Зангелан" [Zangelan]. Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. Moscow. 1972. p. 329.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г." www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
- ^ "Tarixi". Azərbaycan Respublikası Zəngilan Rayon İcra Hakimiyyəti (in Azerbaijani). Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Armenia: Syrian Refugees Resettling in Occupied Azerbaijani Territory". EurasiaNet. 28 January 2013.
- ^ "Syrian-Armenians in NKR benefit from AGBU agricultural program". Archived from the original on 2018-06-16. Retrieved 2016-02-14.
- ^ "Armenia: refugees in the military". Deutsche Welle.
- ^ Ghazaryan, Hayk; Sultanova, Shahla. "Карабах может стать второй родиной для сирийских армян". Institute for War and Peace Reporting (in Russian). Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "President Ilham Aliyev: Zangilan city and 6 villages of the district, 18 villages of Fuzuli, Jabrayil, and Khojavand districts liberated". mod.gov.az. 20 October 2020.
- ^ "Ilham Aliyev and First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva visited Gubadli and Zangilan districts". president.az. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
- ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1939 года".
- ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1959 года".
- ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1970 года".
- ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1979 года".
- ^ "ЗАНГЕЛАН" [ZANGELAN]. Great Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow. 2000.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
External links
- Zangilan at GEOnet Names Server
- World Gazetteer: Azerbaijan[dead link] – World-Gazetteer.com