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{{short description|Wikipedia policy on editor conduct}} |
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<noinclude>{{Pp-semi-indef}}</noinclude> |
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<noinclude>{{pp|small=yes}}{{pp-move-indef}}</noinclude> |
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{{Redirect3|WP:EW|'''To report editors who are edit warring, please see the [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring|Edit warring noticeboard]]'''}} |
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{{redirect|WP:WAR|similar topics|WP:NOTBATTLE|and|Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not about winning|and|Wikipedia:Page-move war|and|Wikipedia:Wheel war|and|Wikipedia:Genre warrior}} |
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{{Policy|WP:EW|WP:WAR|WP:EDITWARRING}} |
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{{about||the technical problem when multiple editors try to edit the same page at once|Help:Edit conflict|reporting editors who are edit warring|Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring}} |
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{{nutshell|Don't use edits to fight with other editors – disagreements should be resolved through discussion.}} |
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{{Policy|subcategory=conduct|WP:EW|WP:WAR|WP:EDITWAR}} |
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{{nutshell|Don't use edits to fight with other editors. Disagreements should be resolved through discussion.}} |
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[[File:Editwar.png|thumb|right|180px|Wikipedia page history showing a severe edit war]] |
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[[File:2012-wildebeest-fight.jpg|thumb|Edit warring doesn't help when attempting to resolve disputes. In fact, engaging in such behavior will usually inflame the dispute, poisoning the environment that all Wikipedia editors share.]] |
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An '''edit war''' occurs when editors who disagree about the content of a page repeatedly override<!-- EDIT WARRING CAN ALSO HAPPEN WITH NO FORMAL REVERSION; HENCE "BY REPEATEDLY OVERRIDING" HERE --> each other's contributions. Editors engaged in a dispute should reach [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] or pursue [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|dispute resolution]] rather than edit war. Edit warring is unconstructive, creates animosity between editors, makes consensus harder to reach, and causes confusion for readers. Users who engage in edit warring risk being [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] or even [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned]]. An editor who repeatedly restores their preferred version is edit warring, regardless of whether those edits are justifiable. Claiming "My edits were right, so it wasn't edit warring" is not a valid defense. |
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There is a [[bright-line rule|bright line]] known as the {{strong|[[#The three-revert rule|three-revert rule]]}} ({{strong|3RR}}). To [[Help:reverting|revert]] is to undo the action of another editor. The three-revert rule states that an editor must not perform more than three reverts, in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material, on a single page within a 24-hour period. Any appearance of [[Wikipedia:Gaming the system|gaming the system]] by reverting a fourth time just outside of the 24-hour slot will usually be considered edit warring. There are certain exemptions to the three-revert rule, such as reverting vandalism or clear violations of the policy on biographies of living persons; see [[#Exemptions|below]] for details. The three-revert rule is a convenient limit for occasions when an edit war is happening fairly quickly; it {{em|is not}} a definition of "edit warring", and it is absolutely possible to engage in edit warring without breaking the three-revert rule, or even coming close to doing so. |
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==What edit warring is== |
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{{Conduct policy list}} |
{{Conduct policy list}} |
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{{See also|Wikipedia:Editing policy}} |
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[[File:Editwar.png|180px|thumb|right|Page history showing a severe edit war]] |
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Wikipedia encourages editors to [[Wikipedia:Be bold|be bold]], but while a potentially controversial change may be made to find out whether it is opposed, another editor may revert it. This may be the beginning of a [[Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle|bold, revert, discuss]] (BRD) cycle. An edit war only arises if the situation develops into a series of back-and-forth reverts. Nevertheless, not every revert or controversial edit is regarded as edit warring: |
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An '''edit war''' occurs when editors who disagree about some aspect of the content of a page repeatedly [[Wikipedia:Revert|override]]<!-- EDIT WARRING CAN ALSO HAPPEN WITH NO FORMAL REVERSION; HENCE "BY REPEATEDLY OVERRIDING" HERE --> each other's contributions, rather than try to resolve the disagreement by discussion. Edit warring is unconstructive and creates animosity between editors, making it harder to reach a [[WP:consensus|consensus]]. Users who engage in edit wars risk being [[WP:BLOCK|blocked]] or even [[WP:BAN|banned]]. |
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* Reverting vandalism is not edit warring. However, edits from a slanted [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|point of view]], general insertion or removal of material, or other good-faith changes are not considered vandalism. See {{section link|Wikipedia:Vandalism|Types of vandalism}} and {{section link|Wikipedia:Vandalism|What is not vandalism}}. |
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* Reverting to enforce certain overriding policies is not considered edit warring. For example, under the [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|policy on biographies of living persons]], where negative unsourced content is being introduced, the risk of harm is such that removal is required. |
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* Reverting edits of [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned]] or [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] users is not edit warring. |
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* Reverting edits in one's own user page is rarely edit warring. Traditionally, Wikipedia offers wide latitude to users to manage their user space as they see fit. For more information, see {{section link|Wikipedia:User pages|Ownership and editing of user pages}}. |
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When reverting, be sure to indicate your reasons. This can be done in the [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]] and/or [[Help:Talk pages|talk page]]. Anti-vandalism tools such as [[Wikipedia:Twinkle|Twinkle]], [[Wikipedia:Huggle|Huggle]] and [[Wikipedia:Rollback|rollback]] should not be used to undo good-faith changes in content disputes without an appropriate edit summary. |
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There is a [[bright line]] known as the '''[[Wikipedia:Edit warring#The three-revert rule|three-revert rule]]''' (3RR). This says that an editor must not perform more than three reverts, in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material, on a single page within a 24-hour period. A revert means undoing the actions of another editor. There are certain exemptions, such as reverting vandalism or clear violations of the [[WP:BLP|Biographies of living persons policy]]; see [[Wikipedia:Edit warring#The three-revert rule|below]] for details. |
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{{clear}} |
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===The three-revert rule=== |
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== What edit warring is == |
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{{policy shortcut|WP:3RR|WP:4RR}}{{anchor|Application}} |
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{{see also|Wikipedia:Editing policy}} |
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Wikipedia's core approach is that an open system can produce good-quality encyclopedic content. However, situations will inevitably arise where editors have differing views about some aspect of a page's content. When this happens, editors are strongly encouraged to engage in [[WP:CIVIL|civil]] discussion to reach a [[WP:CONSENSUS|consensus]], and not to try to force their own position by combative editing (making edits they know will be opposed) and repeated [[Help:reverting|reverting]]. It is the latter approach which is known as '''edit warring'''. |
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Editors who engage in edit warring are liable to be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing to prevent further [[Wikipedia:Disruptive editing|disruption]] to the affected page. While any amount of edit warring may lead to sanctions, there is a [[bright-line rule]] called the {{strong|three-revert rule}} ({{strong|3RR}}), the violation of which will usually be considered edit warring, and often leads to the user engaging in the behavior to be blocked. |
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Not every potentially controversial edit, and not every revert, is deprecated as edit warring. The following situations should be noted: |
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*Wikipedia encourages editors to [[WP:be bold|be bold]]. A potentially controversial change may be tried out, as a way of finding out whether it is opposed, and of initiating discussion. If another editor has good reason to object to such a change, they may revert it. This is known as the [[WP:BRD|bold, revert, discuss]] (BRD) cycle, and is not edit warring. An edit war only arises if the situation develops into a series of unconstructive, back-and-forth edits. |
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* Reverting vandalism is not edit warring. Note that repeated posting of blatant ''confirmed'' misinformation (such as "doctored" quotations) or repeated large scale removal of content ''is'' often considered vandalism. However, in general merely editing from a slanted [[WP:POV|point of view]], general insertion or removal of material, or other good-faith changes, are ''not'' necessarily considered vandalism. (See [[Wikipedia:Vandalism#Types of vandalism|Types of vandalism]] and [[Wikipedia:Vandalism#What is not vandalism|What is not vandalism]].) |
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* Reverting to enforce certain overriding policies is not considered edit warring. For example, under the [[WP:BLP|policy on biographies of living persons]], where negative unsourced content is being introduced, the risk of harm is such that removal (possibly backed by administrative action) is the norm until it is fixed and policy-compliant. |
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* Reverting edits by [[WP:BAN|banned users]] is not considered to be edit warring. |
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The three-revert rule states: |
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If reverting other editors' changes, be sure to indicate your reasons (unless the reason is obvious, as in the case of vandalism reversion). This can be done in the [[Help:edit summary|edit summary]] and/or [[Help:talk page|talk page]]. Reverting without giving good reasons is more likely to be perceived as combative. Remember that reverting "throws away" the work done by the other editor; consider working to improve on the other editor's text, or discussing it with them, rather than simply undoing their changes. |
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<!--Do not use {{divbox}} template. It does not display on mobile devices--> |
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Remember that anti-vandalism tools such as [[WP:Twinkle|Twinkle]], [[WP:Huggle|Huggle]] and [[WP:rollback|rollback]] should not be used to undo good-faith changes in content disputes unless an appropriate edit summary is used. |
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<div style="border: 2px solid #990000; background-color: #FFCCCC; border-radius: 1em; padding: 10px;"> |
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An editor must not perform {{strong|more than three reverts}} on a {{strong|single page}}—whether involving the same or different material—within a {{strong|24-hour period}}. An edit or a series of consecutive edits that undoes or manually reverses other editors' actions—whether in whole or in part—counts as a revert. Violations of this rule often attract blocks of at least 24 hours. Fourth reverts just outside the 24-hour period will usually also be considered edit-warring, especially if repeated or combined with other edit-warring behavior. See [[#Exemptions|below]] for exemptions. |
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</div> |
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The term "page" in the three-revert rule above is defined as any page on Wikipedia, including those in talk and project [[Wikipedia:Namespace|spaces]]. The term "revert" is defined as any edit (or administrative action) that reverses or undoes the actions of other editors, in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material, and whether performed using [[Help:Reverting#Undo|undo]], [[Wikipedia:Rollback|rollback]], or done so completely manually. A series of consecutively saved reverting edits by one user, with no intervening edits by another user, counts as one revert. |
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==Sanctions for edit warring== |
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Editors who engage in edit warring are liable (usually after warning) to be [[WP:BLOCK|blocked]] from editing in order to prevent further disruption. While all edit warring behavior is liable to lead to such sanctions, there is a [[bright-line rule]] called the "three-revert rule" which is very often applied as a reason for blocks. This rule is set out below. |
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{{anchor|Notentitled}}The three-revert rule applies per person, not per account; reverts made by [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry#Legitimate uses|multiple accounts]] operated by one editor count together. Editors violating 3RR will usually be blocked for 24 hours for a first incident. {{anchor|Not an entitlement|Is not an entitlement}} Even without a 3RR violation, an administrator may still act if they believe a user's behavior constitutes edit warring, and any user may [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring|report edit warring]] with or without 3RR being breached. The rule is {{strong|not an entitlement}} to revert a page a specific number of times. |
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=== The three-revert rule === |
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{{shortcut|WP:3RR}}{{anchor|Application}} |
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The '''three-revert rule''' ("3RR") states: |
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If an editor violates 3RR by mistake, they should [[Help:Reverting#Undo|reverse]] their own most recent reversion. Administrators may take this into account and decide not to block in such cases—for example, if the user is not a habitual edit warrior and is genuinely trying to rectify their own mistake. |
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{{divbox|green||An editor must not perform '''more than three reverts''' on a '''single page''' within a '''24-hour period'''. Undoing another editor's work—whether in whole or in part, whether it involves the same or different material each time—counts as a revert. Violation of the 3RR rule normally attract blocks of at least 24 hours.}} |
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Edit warring and 3RR violations are not detected automatically. Either wait for an administrator to take action, or take any of the steps suggested in the {{section link||What to do if you see edit-warring behavior }} section below. |
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A "page" means any page on Wikipedia, including talk and project space. |
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===Exemptions=== |
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{{anchor|Exceptions}} |
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<!---Please do not change this section's title without adding the old title to the anchor. ---> |
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A "revert" in the context of this rule means any edit (or administrative action) that reverses the actions of ''other'' editors, in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material. It can involve as little as one word. A series of consecutive saved revert edits by one user with no intervening edits by another user counts as one revert. The following actions are ''not'' counted as reverts for the purposes of the three-revert rule: |
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{{policy shortcut|WP:3RRNO|WP:NOT3RR|WP:3RRBLP}}{{anchor|3RR Exemptions|3RR exemptions|Exceptions|Reverting potentially libellous material}} |
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The following reverts are exempt from the edit-warring policy: |
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* Reverting your own actions ("self-reverting"). |
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# {{anchor|EX1}}Reverting your own actions ("self-reverting"). |
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* <span id="Exception_for_user_page_and_user_subpages" />Reverting edits to pages in your own user space, so long as you are respecting the [[Wikipedia:User page|user page]] guidelines. |
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# {{anchor|EX2}}{{anchor|Exception_for_user_page_and_user_subpages}}Reverting edits to pages in your own user space, as long as you are respecting the [[Wikipedia:User pages|user page]] guidelines. |
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* Reverting actions performed by [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned users]]. |
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# {{anchor|EX3}}Reverting actions performed by [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned users]] in violation of a ban, and [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry|sockpuppets]] or [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry#Meatpuppetry|meatpuppets]] of banned or [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy#Edits by and on behalf of blocked editors|blocked]] users. |
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* Reverting '''obvious''' [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] – edits which any well-intentioned user would immediately agree constitute vandalism, such as page blanking and adding offensive language. |
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# {{anchor|EX4}}Reverting '''obvious''' [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]]—edits that any well-intentioned user would agree constitute vandalism, such as [[Wikipedia:Page_blanking|page blanking]] and adding offensive language. |
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* Removal of clear [[Wikipedia:Copyright violations|copyright violations]] or content that unquestionably violates [[Wikipedia:Non-free content criteria|the non-free content policy]]. |
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# {{anchor|EX5}}Removal of clear [[Wikipedia:Copyright violations|copyright violations]] or content that '''unquestionably''' violates [[Wikipedia:Non-free content criteria|the non-free content policy]] (NFCC). What counts as exempt under NFCC can be controversial, and should be established as a violation first. Consider opening a deletion discussion at [[Wikipedia:Files for discussion]] instead of relying on this exemption. |
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* Removal of other content that is clearly illegal in the U.S. state of Florida where Wikipedia's servers are located, such as child pornography and pirated software. |
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# {{anchor|EX6}}Removal of content that is clearly illegal under U.S. law, such as [[child pornography]] and [[Wikipedia:Copyrights#Linking to copyrighted works|links to pirated software]]. |
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* Removal of libelous, biased, unsourced, or poorly sourced contentious material that violates the policy on [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|biographies of living persons]] (BLP). What counts as exempt under BLP can be controversial. Consider reporting to the [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard|BLP noticeboard]] instead of relying on this exemption. |
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# {{anchor|EX7|EXBLP}}Removing contentious material that is libelous, biased, unsourced, or poorly sourced according to Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|biographies of living persons]] (BLP) policy. What counts as exempt under BLP can be controversial. Consider reporting to the [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons/Noticeboard|BLP noticeboard]] instead of relying on this exemption. |
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*Considerable leeway is given to editors reverting to maintain the quality of a [[WP:FA|featured article]] while it appears on the [[WP:TFA|main page]]. |
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# {{anchor|EX8}}Reverting unambiguous [[Wikipedia:Spam|spam]], where the content would be eligible for page deletion under criterion [[WP:CSD#G11|G11]] if it were a standalone page. |
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Considerable leeway is also given to editors reverting to maintain the quality of a [[Wikipedia:Today's featured article|featured article]] while it appears on the [[Main Page]]. |
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If you are claiming an exemption, make sure there is a clearly visible edit summary or separate section of the talk page that explains the exemption. When in doubt, do not revert. Instead, engage in [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|dispute resolution]], and in particular, ask for help at [[WP:DR#Ask for help at a relevant noticeboard|relevant noticeboards]] such as the [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring|Edit war/3RR noticeboard]]. |
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If you are claiming an exemption, make sure there is a clearly visible edit summary or separate section of the talk page that explains the exemption. When in doubt, do not revert. Instead, follow the guidance below in {{section link||Handling of edit-warring behaviors}}. |
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The four or more reverts that constitute a violation of the rule may involve the same or different material each time. The rule applies per person, not per account; reverts made by [[Wikipedia:Sock puppetry|multiple accounts]] count together. |
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===Other revert rules=== |
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Editors violating the rule will usually be blocked for 24 hours for a first incident. |
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{{policy shortcut|WP:0RR|WP:1RR}} |
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{{redirect2|WP:0RR|WP:1RR|zero-revert rule for administrative action (no wheel-warring)|WP:0WW}} |
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Additional restrictions on reverting may be imposed by the [[Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee|Arbitration Committee]], by admins under [[Wikipedia:Contentious topics|contentious topics]] procedures, or by the community under [[Wikipedia:General sanctions|General sanctions]]. These restrictions include: |
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{{anchor|Not an entitlement|Is not an entitlement}} |
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Remember that an administrator may still act whenever they believe a user's behavior constitutes edit warring, and any user may [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring|report]] edit-warring, even if the three-revert rule has not been breached. The rule is '''not an entitlement''' to revert a page a specific number of times. |
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:{{strong|one-revert rule}} ({{strong|1RR}}): The one-revert rule is analogous to the three-revert rule as described [[#The three-revert rule|above]], with the words "more than three reverts" replaced by "more than one revert". There may also be a requirement to discuss each reversion on the talk page, and sometimes the phrase "24-hour period" is replaced by some other time period, such as "one week" or "one month". The rule may be applied to either pages or editors. |
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If an editor breaks the three-revert rule by mistake, they should [[WP:UNDO|reverse]] their own most recent reversion. Administrators may take this into account and decide not to block in such cases, for example if the user is not a habitual edit warrior and appears to be genuinely trying to rectify their own mistake. |
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:{{strong|zero-revert rule}} ({{strong|0RR}}): The zero-revert rule means a complete prohibition on reverts (as defined for the purpose of the three-revert rule) applied to one or more editors. |
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Though they may violate the general rule against edit-warring for other reasons, |
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four reverts during a period greater than 24 hours does not violate the three-revert rule, |
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An imposed rule does not apply retroactively. That is, if an editor has reverted in the past 24 hours before a 1RR has been applied, their first subsequent revert is not a violation, although editors in these instances are strongly encouraged to discuss instead of revert. |
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===Other revert rules=== |
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{{shortcut|WP:0RR|WP:1RR}} |
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Editors of policy and guideline pages are strongly encouraged to follow 1RR or 0RR (see {{section link|Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|Bold}}). Editors may also voluntarily agree to abide by stricter reverting standards on other pages in response to problems in a particular area or as a general editing philosophy. For more details, see [[Wikipedia:Revert only when necessary]]. |
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Additional restrictions on reverting are sometimes imposed on particular editors and/or particular pages, by [[WP:Arbitration Committee|ArbCom]] or under [[WP:AE|administrator enforcement]], or by the community (see [[WP:Editing restrictions|Editing restrictions]]). These may be phrased using such terms as '''1RR''' ("one-revert rule") or '''0RR''' ("zero-revert rule"). A "one-revert rule" is analogous to the three-revert rule as described above, with the words "more than three reverts" replaced by "more than one revert". A zero-revert rule means a complete prohibition on reverts (as defined for the purposes of the three-revert rule). |
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==Handling of edit-warring behaviors== |
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===What to do if you see edit-warring behavior=== |
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{{See also|Wikipedia:Dispute resolution}} |
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[[File:Project editor retention logo 2.svg|thumb|upright=0.6|If an edit war develops, participants should try to discuss the issue on the talk page and work things out.]] |
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It is better to seek help in addressing the issue than to engage in edit warring. When disagreement becomes apparent, one, both, or all participants should {{strong|cease warring}} and discuss the issue on the associated talk page or seek help at appropriate venues. Other alternative approaches recommended within the community are suggested in {{section link||How to avoid an edit war}}. |
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Sometimes editors voluntarily agree to abide by a stricter standard on reverting such as 1RR or 0RR, either in response to problems in a particular area, or as a general editing philosophy. For more details, see [[Wikipedia:Revert only when necessary]]. |
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If the edit warring user(s) appear unaware that edit warring is prohibited, they can be told about this policy by posting a {{tls|uw-ewsoft}}, {{tls|uw-ew}}, or {{tls|uw-3rr}} template message on their user talk page. Avoid posting a generic warning template if you are actively involved in the edit war yourself; it can be seen as aggressive. Consider writing your own note to the user specifically appropriate for the situation, with a view to explicitly cooling things down. |
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== Handling of edit warring behaviors == |
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=== What to do if you see edit warring behavior === |
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[[File:Handshake (Workshop Cologne '06).jpeg|thumb|right|120px|If an [[edit war]] develops, participants should try to discuss the issue on the talk page and work things out.]] |
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If several days have passed since the last edit action, consider doing nothing—our primary objective is to stop {{em|active}} edit wars. |
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It is better to seek help in addressing the issue than to engage in edit warring over it. When disagreement becomes apparent, one, both, or all participants should '''cease warring''' and try to discuss the issue on the talk page, or approach appropriate venues for help. Other alternative approaches recommended within the community are suggested [[#How experienced editors avoid being dragged into edit wars|below]]. |
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If, despite |
If, despite such efforts, one or more users fail to cease edit warring, refuse to work collaboratively or heed the information given to them, or do not move on to appropriate dispute resolution, then consider making a request for administrative involvement. The standard way to do this is to add a report at [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring]]. |
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=== How |
=== How to avoid an edit war === |
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{{anchor|Avoiding three-revert rule violations|How experienced editors avoid becoming involved in edit wars}} |
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{{shortcut|WP:AVOIDEDITWAR}} |
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{{Nutshell|title=This section|Communication is the key to avoiding conflict |
{{Nutshell|title=This section|Communication is the key to avoiding conflict. Follow {{section link|Wikipedia:Editing policy|Talking and editing}}.|shortcut=WP:AVOIDEDITWAR}} |
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Once it is clear there is a dispute, avoid relying solely on [[Help:Edit summary|edit summaries]] and discuss the matter on the associated [[Help:Talk pages|talk page]], which is where a reviewing administrator will look for evidence of trying to settle the dispute. Instead of reverting, add an [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup|appropriate cleanup tag]] and keep in mind that [[Wikipedia:There is no deadline|there is no due-date]]. ''See also'' [[Wikipedia:Reverting#Avoid reverting during discussion|Wikipedia:Reverting § Avoid reverting during discussion]]. |
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It may help to remember that [[Wikipedia:There is no deadline|there is no deadline]] and that editors can add [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup|appropriate cleanup tags]] to problematic sections under current discussion. When discussion does not produce a conclusion, bringing wider attention to a dispute can lead to compromise. Consider getting a [[Wikipedia:Third opinion|third opinion]] or starting a [[WP:RFC|request for comments]]. Neutral editors aware of the dispute will help curb egregious edits while also building consensus about the dispute. When these methods fail, seek informal and formal [[WP:DR|dispute resolution]]. |
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Some experienced editors deliberately adopt a policy of reverting only edits covered by the [[Wikipedia:Edit warring#Exemptions|exceptions]] listed above or limiting themselves to a single revert; if there is further dispute, they seek dialog or outside help rather than make the problem worse, i.e., they [[Wikipedia:revert only when necessary|revert only when necessary]]. This policy may be particularly appropriate for [[Wikipedia:List of controversial issues|controversial topics]] where views are polarized and emotions run high, resulting in more frequent edit warring. |
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When discussion does not produce a conclusion, bringing wider attention to a dispute can lead to compromise. Consider getting a [[Wikipedia:Third opinion|third opinion]] or starting a [[Wikipedia:Requests for comment|request for comment]]. Neutral editors aware of the dispute will help curb egregious edits while also building consensus about the dispute. If these methods fail, seek informal and formal [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|dispute resolution]]. |
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The bottom line: ''use common sense, and do not participate in edit wars.'' Rather than reverting repeatedly, discuss the matter with others; if a revert is necessary, another editor may conclude the same and do it (without you prompting them), which would then demonstrate [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] for the action. [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|Request page protection]] rather than becoming part of the dispute by reverting. |
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Rather than reverting repeatedly, discuss the matter with others; if a revert is necessary, another editor may conclude the same and do it (without prompting), which would then demonstrate [[Wikipedia:Consensus|consensus]] for the action. [[Wikipedia:Requests for page protection|Request page protection]] rather than becoming part of the dispute by reverting. |
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== Administrator guidance == |
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Administrators decide whether to issue a warning or block; these are intended to [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy#Purpose and goal|prevent, deter and encourage change in]] disruptive behavior, not to punish it. A first case often involves a breach of the three-revert rule or edit warring behavior following past warnings, later blocks are more likely to be issued for continued edit warring behaviors in general. In cases where a block is appropriate, 24 hours is a common duration for a routine first offense; administrators tend to issue longer blocks for repeated or aggravated violations, and will consider other factors, such as [[Wikipedia:Civility|civility]] when doing so. Where multiple editors edit war or breach 3RR, administrators should consider all sides, since perceived unfairness can fuel issues. |
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The bottom line: {{em|use common sense, and do not participate in edit wars}}. |
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Administrator action is mainly intended to address edit wars actually in progress. An edit war that is clearly over and with no visible or foreseeable activity may be handled by warnings or (for repeated cases) by other administrator processes such as noticeboard discussion or protection. Re-offenders may also find themselves blocked for very recent edit warring; in this case not as prevention of the old war or retribution for past conduct, but as deterrence and forceful education to reduce the likelihood of ''future'' occurrence in the face of repeat behavior. (See: [[WP:BLOCK#Purpose and goal|Blocking policy#Purpose and goal]]) |
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==Administrator guidance== |
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This policy, and the three-revert rule, are designed to prevent and limit edit warring. They are not an entitlement, nor an endorsement of reverting as an editing technique. Disruptive editors who do not violate the rule still receive [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocks]] for edit warring, especially if they attempt to [[Wikipedia:Gaming the system|game the system]] in reverting a page. Administrators take previous blocks for edit warring into account, and will often take action solely due to disruptive or edit warring behaviors. |
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Administrators decide whether to issue a warning or block; these are intended to [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy#Purpose and goals|prevent, deter, and encourage change in]] disruptive behavior, not to punish it. Where a block is appropriate, 24 hours is common for a first offense; administrators tend to issue longer blocks for repeated or aggravated violations, and will consider other factors, such as [[Wikipedia:Civility|civility]] and previous blocks. Where multiple editors engage in edit wars or breach 3RR, administrators should consider all sides, since perceived unfairness can fuel issues. |
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According to [[WP:Administrators]], "Administrators should not normally use their tools in matters in which they are personally involved (for example, in a content dispute in which they are a party)." |
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Administrators must often make a judgment call to identify edit warring when attempting to resolve disputes. In general, repeated reverts made without the support of prior [[WP:consensus|consensus]] or without sufficient discussion are likely to be considered edit warring, as are other patterns of generally disruptive or obstructive behavior. The response is often influenced by whether a user appears to be ''deliberately'' trying to prevent others' editing, especially if it appears they are willfully doing so by [[WP:GAME|gaming the system]] or through more calculated or egregious abuse, such as spacing out reverts in a slow edit war, inappropriately coordinating with other editors, misusing of [[WP:SOCK|multiple accounts]], or repeatedly using reverts in a combative fashion. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{columns-list|colwidth=29em| |
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* [[Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in edit wars]] |
* [[Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in edit wars]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle]] |
* [[Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Cabals are evil]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Consensus]] |
* [[Wikipedia:Consensus]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution]] |
* [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Etiquette]] |
* [[Wikipedia:Etiquette]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Lamest edit wars]] |
* [[Wikipedia:Lamest edit wars]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Ownership of |
* [[Wikipedia:Ownership of content]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Page |
* [[Wikipedia:Page-move war]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Help:Reverting]] (how-to) |
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* [[Wikipedia: |
** [[Wikipedia:Reverting]] (essay) |
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** [[Wikipedia:Alternatives to reversion]] (essay) |
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** [[Wikipedia:Baby and bathwater]] (essay) |
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** [[Wikipedia:Revert only when necessary]] (essay) |
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** [[Wikipedia:Don't shoot yourself in the foot]] (essay) |
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* [[Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Tendentious editing]] |
* [[Wikipedia:Tendentious editing]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:The Wrong Version]] |
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}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{Cite journal |last1=Yasseri |first1=Taha |last2=Sumi |first2=Robert |last3=Rung |first3=András |last4=Kornai |first4=András |last5=Kertész |first5=János |date=June 20, 2012 |title=Dynamics of Conflicts in Wikipedia |journal=[[PLOS ONE]] |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=e38869 |arxiv=1202.3643 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...738869Y |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0038869 |doi-access=free |pmc=3380063 |pmid=22745683 |ref=none}} |
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{{Wikipedia policies and guidelines}} |
{{Wikipedia policies and guidelines}} |
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[[Category:Wikipedia conduct policy]] |
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[[Category:Wikipedia edit warring| ]] |
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[[ar:ويكيبيديا:حرب تحرير الصفحات]] |
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[[Category:Wikipedia user conduct]] |
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[[bn:উইকিপিডিয়া:সম্পাদনা যুদ্ধ]] |
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[[de:Wikipedia:Edit-War]] |
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[[es:Wikipedia:Guerra de ediciones]] |
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[[fa:ویکیپدیا:جنگ ویرایشی]] |
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[[fr:Wikipédia:Guerre d'édition]] |
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[[gl:Wikipedia:Guerra de edicións]] |
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[[ko:위키백과:편집 분쟁]] |
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[[id:Wikipedia:Perang suntingan]] |
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[[ia:Wikipedia:Guerra de modificationes]] |
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[[is:Wikipedia:Breytingadeilur]] |
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[[it:Wikipedia:Edit war]] |
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[[he:ויקיפדיה:מלחמת עריכה]] |
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[[lt:Vikipedija:Redagavimo karas]] |
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[[hu:Wikipédia:Szerkesztési háború]] |
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[[nl:Wikipedia:Bewerkingsoorlog]] |
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[[ja:Wikipedia:編集合戦]] |
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[[pl:Wikipedia:Wojna edycyjna]] |
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[[pt:Wikipedia:Guerra de edições]] |
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[[ru:Википедия:Война правок]] |
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[[simple:Wikipedia:Edit war]] |
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[[sr:Википедија:Уређивачки рат]] |
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[[fi:Wikipedia:Muokkaussota]] |
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[[sv:Wikipedia:Redigeringskrig]] |
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[[tr:Vikipedi:Değişiklik savaşı]] |
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[[yi:װיקיפּעדיע:עדיט מלחמה]] |
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[[zh:Wikipedia:編輯戰]] |
Latest revision as of 15:39, 19 April 2024
An edit war occurs when editors who disagree about the content of a page repeatedly override each other's contributions. Editors engaged in a dispute should reach consensus or pursue dispute resolution rather than edit war. Edit warring is unconstructive, creates animosity between editors, makes consensus harder to reach, and causes confusion for readers. Users who engage in edit warring risk being blocked or even banned. An editor who repeatedly restores their preferred version is edit warring, regardless of whether those edits are justifiable. Claiming "My edits were right, so it wasn't edit warring" is not a valid defense.
There is a bright line known as the three-revert rule (3RR). To revert is to undo the action of another editor. The three-revert rule states that an editor must not perform more than three reverts, in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material, on a single page within a 24-hour period. Any appearance of gaming the system by reverting a fourth time just outside of the 24-hour slot will usually be considered edit warring. There are certain exemptions to the three-revert rule, such as reverting vandalism or clear violations of the policy on biographies of living persons; see below for details. The three-revert rule is a convenient limit for occasions when an edit war is happening fairly quickly; it is not a definition of "edit warring", and it is absolutely possible to engage in edit warring without breaking the three-revert rule, or even coming close to doing so.
What edit warring is
Wikipedia encourages editors to be bold, but while a potentially controversial change may be made to find out whether it is opposed, another editor may revert it. This may be the beginning of a bold, revert, discuss (BRD) cycle. An edit war only arises if the situation develops into a series of back-and-forth reverts. Nevertheless, not every revert or controversial edit is regarded as edit warring:
- Reverting vandalism is not edit warring. However, edits from a slanted point of view, general insertion or removal of material, or other good-faith changes are not considered vandalism. See Wikipedia:Vandalism § Types of vandalism and Wikipedia:Vandalism § What is not vandalism.
- Reverting to enforce certain overriding policies is not considered edit warring. For example, under the policy on biographies of living persons, where negative unsourced content is being introduced, the risk of harm is such that removal is required.
- Reverting edits of banned or blocked users is not edit warring.
- Reverting edits in one's own user page is rarely edit warring. Traditionally, Wikipedia offers wide latitude to users to manage their user space as they see fit. For more information, see Wikipedia:User pages § Ownership and editing of user pages.
When reverting, be sure to indicate your reasons. This can be done in the edit summary and/or talk page. Anti-vandalism tools such as Twinkle, Huggle and rollback should not be used to undo good-faith changes in content disputes without an appropriate edit summary.
The three-revert rule
Editors who engage in edit warring are liable to be blocked from editing to prevent further disruption to the affected page. While any amount of edit warring may lead to sanctions, there is a bright-line rule called the three-revert rule (3RR), the violation of which will usually be considered edit warring, and often leads to the user engaging in the behavior to be blocked.
The three-revert rule states:
An editor must not perform more than three reverts on a single page—whether involving the same or different material—within a 24-hour period. An edit or a series of consecutive edits that undoes or manually reverses other editors' actions—whether in whole or in part—counts as a revert. Violations of this rule often attract blocks of at least 24 hours. Fourth reverts just outside the 24-hour period will usually also be considered edit-warring, especially if repeated or combined with other edit-warring behavior. See below for exemptions.
The term "page" in the three-revert rule above is defined as any page on Wikipedia, including those in talk and project spaces. The term "revert" is defined as any edit (or administrative action) that reverses or undoes the actions of other editors, in whole or in part, whether involving the same or different material, and whether performed using undo, rollback, or done so completely manually. A series of consecutively saved reverting edits by one user, with no intervening edits by another user, counts as one revert.
The three-revert rule applies per person, not per account; reverts made by multiple accounts operated by one editor count together. Editors violating 3RR will usually be blocked for 24 hours for a first incident. Even without a 3RR violation, an administrator may still act if they believe a user's behavior constitutes edit warring, and any user may report edit warring with or without 3RR being breached. The rule is not an entitlement to revert a page a specific number of times.
If an editor violates 3RR by mistake, they should reverse their own most recent reversion. Administrators may take this into account and decide not to block in such cases—for example, if the user is not a habitual edit warrior and is genuinely trying to rectify their own mistake.
Edit warring and 3RR violations are not detected automatically. Either wait for an administrator to take action, or take any of the steps suggested in the § What to do if you see edit-warring behavior section below.
Exemptions
The following reverts are exempt from the edit-warring policy:
- Reverting your own actions ("self-reverting").
- Reverting edits to pages in your own user space, as long as you are respecting the user page guidelines.
- Reverting actions performed by banned users in violation of a ban, and sockpuppets or meatpuppets of banned or blocked users.
- Reverting obvious vandalism—edits that any well-intentioned user would agree constitute vandalism, such as page blanking and adding offensive language.
- Removal of clear copyright violations or content that unquestionably violates the non-free content policy (NFCC). What counts as exempt under NFCC can be controversial, and should be established as a violation first. Consider opening a deletion discussion at Wikipedia:Files for discussion instead of relying on this exemption.
- Removal of content that is clearly illegal under U.S. law, such as child pornography and links to pirated software.
- Removing contentious material that is libelous, biased, unsourced, or poorly sourced according to Wikipedia's biographies of living persons (BLP) policy. What counts as exempt under BLP can be controversial. Consider reporting to the BLP noticeboard instead of relying on this exemption.
- Reverting unambiguous spam, where the content would be eligible for page deletion under criterion G11 if it were a standalone page.
Considerable leeway is also given to editors reverting to maintain the quality of a featured article while it appears on the Main Page.
If you are claiming an exemption, make sure there is a clearly visible edit summary or separate section of the talk page that explains the exemption. When in doubt, do not revert. Instead, follow the guidance below in § Handling of edit-warring behaviors.
Other revert rules
Additional restrictions on reverting may be imposed by the Arbitration Committee, by admins under contentious topics procedures, or by the community under General sanctions. These restrictions include:
- one-revert rule (1RR): The one-revert rule is analogous to the three-revert rule as described above, with the words "more than three reverts" replaced by "more than one revert". There may also be a requirement to discuss each reversion on the talk page, and sometimes the phrase "24-hour period" is replaced by some other time period, such as "one week" or "one month". The rule may be applied to either pages or editors.
- zero-revert rule (0RR): The zero-revert rule means a complete prohibition on reverts (as defined for the purpose of the three-revert rule) applied to one or more editors.
An imposed rule does not apply retroactively. That is, if an editor has reverted in the past 24 hours before a 1RR has been applied, their first subsequent revert is not a violation, although editors in these instances are strongly encouraged to discuss instead of revert.
Editors of policy and guideline pages are strongly encouraged to follow 1RR or 0RR (see Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines § Bold). Editors may also voluntarily agree to abide by stricter reverting standards on other pages in response to problems in a particular area or as a general editing philosophy. For more details, see Wikipedia:Revert only when necessary.
Handling of edit-warring behaviors
What to do if you see edit-warring behavior
It is better to seek help in addressing the issue than to engage in edit warring. When disagreement becomes apparent, one, both, or all participants should cease warring and discuss the issue on the associated talk page or seek help at appropriate venues. Other alternative approaches recommended within the community are suggested in § How to avoid an edit war.
If the edit warring user(s) appear unaware that edit warring is prohibited, they can be told about this policy by posting a {{subst:uw-ewsoft}}, {{subst:uw-ew}}, or {{subst:uw-3rr}} template message on their user talk page. Avoid posting a generic warning template if you are actively involved in the edit war yourself; it can be seen as aggressive. Consider writing your own note to the user specifically appropriate for the situation, with a view to explicitly cooling things down.
If several days have passed since the last edit action, consider doing nothing—our primary objective is to stop active edit wars.
If, despite such efforts, one or more users fail to cease edit warring, refuse to work collaboratively or heed the information given to them, or do not move on to appropriate dispute resolution, then consider making a request for administrative involvement. The standard way to do this is to add a report at Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring.
How to avoid an edit war
Once it is clear there is a dispute, avoid relying solely on edit summaries and discuss the matter on the associated talk page, which is where a reviewing administrator will look for evidence of trying to settle the dispute. Instead of reverting, add an appropriate cleanup tag and keep in mind that there is no due-date. See also Wikipedia:Reverting § Avoid reverting during discussion.
Some experienced editors deliberately adopt a policy of reverting only edits covered by the exceptions listed above or limiting themselves to a single revert; if there is further dispute, they seek dialog or outside help rather than make the problem worse, i.e., they revert only when necessary. This policy may be particularly appropriate for controversial topics where views are polarized and emotions run high, resulting in more frequent edit warring.
When discussion does not produce a conclusion, bringing wider attention to a dispute can lead to compromise. Consider getting a third opinion or starting a request for comment. Neutral editors aware of the dispute will help curb egregious edits while also building consensus about the dispute. If these methods fail, seek informal and formal dispute resolution.
Rather than reverting repeatedly, discuss the matter with others; if a revert is necessary, another editor may conclude the same and do it (without prompting), which would then demonstrate consensus for the action. Request page protection rather than becoming part of the dispute by reverting.
The bottom line: use common sense, and do not participate in edit wars.
Administrator guidance
Administrators decide whether to issue a warning or block; these are intended to prevent, deter, and encourage change in disruptive behavior, not to punish it. Where a block is appropriate, 24 hours is common for a first offense; administrators tend to issue longer blocks for repeated or aggravated violations, and will consider other factors, such as civility and previous blocks. Where multiple editors engage in edit wars or breach 3RR, administrators should consider all sides, since perceived unfairness can fuel issues.
According to WP:Administrators, "Administrators should not normally use their tools in matters in which they are personally involved (for example, in a content dispute in which they are a party)."
See also
- Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring
- Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in edit wars
- Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle
- Wikipedia:Consensus
- Wikipedia:Dispute resolution
- Wikipedia:Disruptive editing
- Wikipedia:Etiquette
- Wikipedia:Lamest edit wars
- Wikipedia:Ownership of content
- Wikipedia:Page-move war
- Help:Reverting (how-to)
- Wikipedia:Reverting (essay)
- Wikipedia:Alternatives to reversion (essay)
- Wikipedia:Baby and bathwater (essay)
- Wikipedia:Revert only when necessary (essay)
- Wikipedia:Don't shoot yourself in the foot (essay)
- Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry
- Wikipedia:Tendentious editing
- Wikipedia:The Wrong Version
Further reading
- Yasseri, Taha; Sumi, Robert; Rung, András; Kornai, András; Kertész, János (June 20, 2012). "Dynamics of Conflicts in Wikipedia". PLOS ONE. 7 (6): e38869. arXiv:1202.3643. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...738869Y. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038869. PMC 3380063. PMID 22745683.