m Dating maintenance tags: {{Fv}} |
Guliolopez (talk | contribs) Per Talk. Moving "history" content (up) from "notable features" section to the existing "history" section. And other content (down) to the "places of interest" section. And summarising. As, frankly, most of it is duplicated and redundant to similar content already in both those sections. Per Talk. |
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In 1167, [[Diarmait Mac Murchada]], the deposed [[Kings of Leinster|King of Leinster]], failed in an attempt to take Waterford. He returned in 1170 with [[Cambro-Norman]] mercenaries under [[Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke]] (known as Strongbow); together they besieged and took the city after a desperate defence. In furtherance of the [[Norman invasion of Ireland]], King [[Henry II of England]] landed at Waterford in 1171. Waterford and then [[Dublin]] were declared royal cities, with Dublin also declared the capital of Ireland. |
In 1167, [[Diarmait Mac Murchada]], the deposed [[Kings of Leinster|King of Leinster]], failed in an attempt to take Waterford. He returned in 1170 with [[Cambro-Norman]] mercenaries under [[Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke]] (known as Strongbow); together they besieged and took the city after a desperate defence. In furtherance of the [[Norman invasion of Ireland]], King [[Henry II of England]] landed at Waterford in 1171. Waterford and then [[Dublin]] were declared royal cities, with Dublin also declared the capital of Ireland. |
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[[Reginald's Tower]], built after the [[Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland]] on the site of an earlier fortification and retaining its Viking name, was one of the first in Ireland to use mortar in its construction. |
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⚫ | Throughout the medieval period, Waterford was Ireland's second city after Dublin. In the 15th century, Waterford repelled two pretenders to the English throne: [[Lambert Simnel]] and [[Perkin Warbeck]]. As a result, King [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] gave the city its motto: ''Urbs Intacta Manet Waterfordia'' ("Waterford remains an untouched city"). |
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⚫ | Throughout the medieval period, Waterford was Ireland's second city after Dublin. In the 15th century, Waterford repelled sieges by two pretenders to the English throne: [[Lambert Simnel]] and [[Perkin Warbeck]]. As a result, King [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]] gave the city its motto: ''Urbs Intacta Manet Waterfordia'' ("Waterford remains an untouched city").<ref name=waterfordcity /> |
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⚫ | After the Protestant Reformation, Waterford remained a [[Catholic]] city and participated in the [[Confederate Ireland|confederation of Kilkenny]] – an independent Catholic government from 1642 to 1649. This was ended abruptly by [[Oliver Cromwell]], who [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland|brought the country back under English rule]]; his son-in-law [[Henry Ireton]] finally took Waterford in 1650 after a [[Siege of Waterford|major |
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In 1690, during the [[Williamite War]], the [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] [[Irish Army (Kingdom of Ireland)|Irish Army]] was [[Capture of Waterford|forced to surrender Waterford]] in the wake of the [[Battle of the Boyne]]. |
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⚫ | After the Protestant Reformation, Waterford remained a [[Catholic]] city and participated in the [[Confederate Ireland|confederation of Kilkenny]] – an independent Catholic government from 1642 to 1649. This was ended abruptly by [[Oliver Cromwell]], who [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland|brought the country back under English rule]]; his son-in-law [[Henry Ireton]] finally took Waterford in 1650 after a [[Siege of Waterford|two major sieges]].<ref name="NewHistory">''A New History of Cromwell's Irish Campaign'', by Philip McKeiver (2007). ({{ISBN|978-0-9554663-0-4}})</ref><ref>Discover Waterford, by Eamon McEneaney (2001). ({{ISBN|0-86278-656-8}})</ref> In 1690, during the [[Williamite War]], the [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] [[Irish Army (Kingdom of Ireland)|Irish Army]] was [[Capture of Waterford|forced to surrender Waterford]] in the wake of the [[Battle of the Boyne]]. |
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The 18th century was a period of huge prosperity for Waterford. Many of the city's architecturally notable buildings appeared during this time. A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of the [[Waterford Barracks|Cavalry Barracks]] at the end of the 18th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://waterfordvikingtriangle.com/assets/A3-Heritage-walk-map.pdf|title=Heritage Walk map|access-date=7 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208180034/http://waterfordvikingtriangle.com/assets/A3-Heritage-walk-map.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
The 18th century was a period of huge prosperity for Waterford. Many of the city's architecturally notable buildings appeared during this time. A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of the [[Waterford Barracks|Cavalry Barracks]] at the end of the 18th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://waterfordvikingtriangle.com/assets/A3-Heritage-walk-map.pdf|title=Heritage Walk map|access-date=7 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208180034/http://waterfordvikingtriangle.com/assets/A3-Heritage-walk-map.pdf|archive-date=8 December 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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===National politics=== |
===National politics=== |
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For the [[Elections in the Republic of Ireland|elections]] to [[Dáil Éireann]], the city is part of the 4-seat constituency of [[Waterford (Dáil constituency)|Waterford]], which includes the city and county of Waterford.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2017|number=39|schedule=y|name=[[Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017]]|date=23 December 2017|access-date=8 August 2021}}</ref> For elections to the [[European Parliament]], the county is part of the [[South (European Parliament constituency)|South]] constituency.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2019|number=7|section=7|stitle=Substitution of Third Schedule to Principal Act|name=European Parliament Elections (Amendment) Act 2019|date=12 March 2019|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref> |
For the [[Elections in the Republic of Ireland|elections]] to [[Dáil Éireann]], the city is part of the 4-seat constituency of [[Waterford (Dáil constituency)|Waterford]], which includes the city and county of Waterford.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2017|number=39|schedule=y|name=[[Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017]]|date=23 December 2017|access-date=8 August 2021}}</ref> For elections to the [[European Parliament]], the county is part of the [[South (European Parliament constituency)|South]] constituency.<ref>{{cite ISB|year=2019|number=7|section=7|stitle=Substitution of Third Schedule to Principal Act|name=European Parliament Elections (Amendment) Act 2019|date=12 March 2019|access-date=21 December 2021}}</ref> |
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==Notable features== |
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The city is situated at the head of [[Waterford Harbour]] ({{lang|ga|Loch Dá Chaoch}} or {{lang|ga|Cuan Phort Láirge}}).<ref name=waterfordcity /> The city motto ''Urbs Intacta Manet Waterfordia'' ("Waterford remains the untaken city") was granted by King [[Henry VII of England]] in 1497 after Waterford refused to recognise the claims of the pretenders [[Lambert Simnel]] and [[Perkin Warbeck]] to the English throne.<ref name=waterfordcity /> Waterford was subjected to [[Siege of Waterford|two sieges]] in 1649 and 1650, during the [[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]]. It withstood the first siege but surrendered during the second siege to [[Henry Ireton]] on 6 August 1650.<ref name="NewHistory">''A New History of Cromwell's Irish Campaign'', by Philip McKeiver (2007). ({{ISBN|978-0-9554663-0-4}})</ref><ref>Discover Waterford, by Eamon McEneaney (2001). ({{ISBN|0-86278-656-8}})</ref> |
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⚫ | Waterford is |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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[[File:Map of Waterford.png|thumb|Map of Waterford]] |
[[File:Map of Waterford.png|thumb|Map of Waterford]] |
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===Harbour and port=== |
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⚫ | The city is situated at the head of [[Waterford Harbour]] ({{lang|ga|Loch Dá Chaoch}} or {{lang|ga|Cuan Phort Láirge}}).<ref name=waterfordcity /> The [[River Suir]], which flows through Waterford City, has provided a basis for the city's long maritime history. The place downriver from Waterford where the [[River Nore|Nore]] and the [[River Barrow|Barrow]] join the [[River Suir]] is known in Irish as ''Cumar na dTrí Uisce'' ("The confluence of the three waters"). Waterford Port has been one of Ireland's major ports for over a millennium. In the 19th century, shipbuilding was a major industry. The owners of the Neptune Shipyard, the [[Malcomson family]], built and operated the largest fleet of iron steamers in the world between the mid-1850s and the late 1860s, including five trans-Atlantic passenger liners.<ref name=McEneaney /> |
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===Climate=== |
===Climate=== |
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* [[Waterford Museum of Treasures]], forming the hub of the [[Waterford Viking Triangle|Viking Triangle]], previously housed in the Granary on Merchant's Quay, is now accommodated in two museums on the Mall. The first is housed in the 19th-century Bishop's Palace, on the Mall, which holds items from 1700 to 1970. This was opened in June 2011. The second museum is located next to Bishop's Palace displaying the Medieval history of the city as well as the Chorister's Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.waterfordtreasures.com/|title=Waterford Museum of Treasures in Ireland's Oldest City – Waterford Treasures|work=waterfordtreasures.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519062152/http://www.waterfordtreasures.com/|archive-date=19 May 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
* [[Waterford Museum of Treasures]], forming the hub of the [[Waterford Viking Triangle|Viking Triangle]], previously housed in the Granary on Merchant's Quay, is now accommodated in two museums on the Mall. The first is housed in the 19th-century Bishop's Palace, on the Mall, which holds items from 1700 to 1970. This was opened in June 2011. The second museum is located next to Bishop's Palace displaying the Medieval history of the city as well as the Chorister's Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.waterfordtreasures.com/|title=Waterford Museum of Treasures in Ireland's Oldest City – Waterford Treasures|work=waterfordtreasures.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519062152/http://www.waterfordtreasures.com/|archive-date=19 May 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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* The Mall also contains Reginald's Tower, the House of Waterford Crystal, Christchurch Cathedral, and the Theatre Royal among other historical landmarks.{{fact|date=August 2023}} |
* The Mall also contains Reginald's Tower, the House of Waterford Crystal, Christchurch Cathedral, and the Theatre Royal among other historical landmarks.{{fact|date=August 2023}} |
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* Reginald's Tower, the oldest urban civic building in the country, is situated on the Quays/The Mall, in Waterford. It has performed numerous functions over the years and today is a civic museum. |
* Reginald's Tower, the oldest urban civic building in the country and the oldest monument to retain its Viking name, is situated on the Quays/The Mall, in Waterford. It has performed numerous functions over the years and today is a civic museum. |
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* A museum at Mount Sion (Barrack Street) is dedicated to the story of Brother [[Edmund Ignatius Rice]] and the history of the [[Congregation of Christian Brothers|Christian Brothers]] and [[Presentation Brothers]]. Along with the museum, there is a café and a new chapel. The new museum was designed by Janvs Design<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janvs.com/|title=Janvs – Award winning designers of museums, galleries and heritage centres|work=janvs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211003356/http://janvs.com/|archive-date=11 December 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
* A museum at Mount Sion (Barrack Street) is dedicated to the story of Brother [[Edmund Ignatius Rice]] and the history of the [[Congregation of Christian Brothers|Christian Brothers]] and [[Presentation Brothers]]. Along with the museum, there is a café and a new chapel. The new museum was designed by Janvs Design<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janvs.com/|title=Janvs – Award winning designers of museums, galleries and heritage centres|work=janvs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211003356/http://janvs.com/|archive-date=11 December 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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* '''Waterford Gallery of Art''', the home of the Waterford Art Collection, is located at 31-32 O’Connell Street. This former bank building was built in 1845 and now serves as a facility comprising galleries, outreach spaces, offices, and meeting and workshop rooms. The building was designed by the Waterford-born architect [[Thomas Jackson (architect)|Thomas Jackson]] (1807 - 1890). Architecturally, this classical style bank building retains many of its original features and has fine cut-stone detailing throughout, including at the main entrance, stairs and first-floor fireplace.{{fact|date=August 2023}} |
* '''Waterford Gallery of Art''', the home of the Waterford Art Collection, is located at 31-32 O’Connell Street. This former bank building was built in 1845 and now serves as a facility comprising galleries, outreach spaces, offices, and meeting and workshop rooms. The building was designed by the Waterford-born architect [[Thomas Jackson (architect)|Thomas Jackson]] (1807 - 1890). Architecturally, this classical style bank building retains many of its original features and has fine cut-stone detailing throughout, including at the main entrance, stairs and first-floor fireplace.{{fact|date=August 2023}} |
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In April 2003, a site combining a fifth-century [[Iron Age]] and ninth-century [[Viking]] settlement was discovered at [[Woodstown]] near the city, which appears to have been a Viking town that predates all such settlements in Ireland.<ref>[http://www.vikingwaterford.com/ 9th Century Settlement found at Woodstown] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218104315/http://vikingwaterford.com/ |date=18 December 2014 }} – vikingwaterford.com</ref> |
In April 2003, a site combining a fifth-century [[Iron Age]] and ninth-century [[Viking]] settlement was discovered at [[Woodstown]] near the city, which appears to have been a Viking town that predates all such settlements in Ireland.<ref>[http://www.vikingwaterford.com/ 9th Century Settlement found at Woodstown] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218104315/http://vikingwaterford.com/ |date=18 December 2014 }} – vikingwaterford.com</ref> |
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⚫ | Waterford is known for [[Waterford Crystal]], a legacy of the city's former glass-making industry. Glass, or crystal, was manufactured in the city from 1783 until early 2009 when the factory there was shut down after the receivership of Waterford Wedgwood plc.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/money/world/2009-01-30-waterford-sit-in_N.htm|title=Waterford Crystal closed amid crippling debts|website=Usatoday.com|access-date=1 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623165903/http://www.usatoday.com/money/world/2009-01-30-waterford-sit-in_N.htm|archive-date=23 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> A new Waterford Crystal visitor centre in the Viking Quarter, under new owners, opened in June 2010, after the intervention of Waterford City Council and Waterford Chamber of Commerce, and resumed production.<ref>{{cite news|title=Waterford Crystal visitor centre opens|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2010/0611/1224272270351.html|newspaper=Irish Times|date=6 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023040955/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2010/0611/1224272270351.html|archive-date=23 October 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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[[Waterford Crystal]] is manufactured in Waterford but in early 2009 the company moved its operations to continental Europe. A new Waterford Crystal visitor centre opened on 22 June 2010. |
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Waterford's oldest public house (pub) is located outside the old 'Viking Triangle'. T & H Doolan's, of 31/32 George's Street, has acted as a licensed premises since the 18th century but the premises is believed to be closer to five hundred years in age.{{fact|date=August 2023}} The pub's structure includes one of the original city walls, almost 1,000 years old, which can be viewed in the lounge area of the building.{{fact|date=August 2023}} |
Waterford's oldest public house (pub) is located outside the old 'Viking Triangle'. T & H Doolan's, of 31/32 George's Street, has acted as a licensed premises since the 18th century but the premises is believed to be closer to five hundred years in age.{{fact|date=August 2023}} The pub's structure includes one of the original city walls, almost 1,000 years old, which can be viewed in the lounge area of the building.{{fact|date=August 2023}} |
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Waterford is the main city of Ireland's [[South-East Region, Ireland|South-East Region]]. Historically Waterford was an important trading port which brought much prosperity to the city throughout the city's eventful history. Throughout its history, Waterford Crystal provided employment to thousands in the city and surrounding areas. |
Waterford is the main city of Ireland's [[South-East Region, Ireland|South-East Region]]. Historically Waterford was an important trading port which brought much prosperity to the city throughout the city's eventful history. Throughout its history, Waterford Crystal provided employment to thousands in the city and surrounding areas. |
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Waterford Port is Ireland's closest deep-water port to mainland Europe, handling approximately 12% of Ireland's external trade by value.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterfordcity.ie/documents/reports/WCDB%20Strategy%202002-2012.pdf |title=Strategy for Economic, Social and Cultural Development of Waterford City 2002-2012 |access-date=2012-09-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812205744/http://www.waterfordcity.ie/documents/reports/WCDB%20Strategy%202002-2012.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Waterford's most famous export, [[Waterford Crystal]], |
Waterford Port is Ireland's closest deep-water port to mainland Europe, handling approximately 12% of Ireland's external trade by value.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waterfordcity.ie/documents/reports/WCDB%20Strategy%202002-2012.pdf |title=Strategy for Economic, Social and Cultural Development of Waterford City 2002-2012 |access-date=2012-09-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812205744/http://www.waterfordcity.ie/documents/reports/WCDB%20Strategy%202002-2012.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Waterford's most famous export, [[Waterford Crystal]], was manufactured in the city from 1783 to 2009 and again from 2010 to the present day. Places, where Waterford Crystal can be seen, include New York City, where Waterford Crystal made the 2,668 crystals for the New Year's Eve Ball that is dropped each year in [[Times Square]]; [[Westminster Abbey]]; [[Windsor Castle]]; and the [[Kennedy Center]] ([[Washington, DC]]).<ref>Beeson, Trevor (2002). Priests And Prelates: The Daily Telegraph Clerical Obituaries. London: Continuum Books. pp. 4–5; {{ISBN|0-8264-6337-1}}</ref><ref>Morris, Shirley (April 2007). Interior Decoration – A Complete Course. Global Media. pg. 105; {{ISBN|81-89940-65-1}}</ref> |
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Agriculture played an important part in Waterford's economic history. [[Kilmeadan]], about 5 km from the city, was home to a very successful [[co-operative]]. The farmers of the area benefited from the sale of their produce (mostly [[butter]] and [[milk]]) to the co-op. In 1964, all of the co-ops in Waterford amalgamated to become Waterford Co-op. This led to the construction of a [[cheese]] factory on a greenfield site opposite the general store, and Kilmeadan cheese was to become one of the most recognised and successful [[Cheddar cheese|Cheddar]] brands in the world, winning gold and bronze medals in the World Cheese Awards in London in 2005.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}} |
Agriculture played an important part in Waterford's economic history. [[Kilmeadan]], about 5 km from the city, was home to a very successful [[co-operative]]. The farmers of the area benefited from the sale of their produce (mostly [[butter]] and [[milk]]) to the co-op. In 1964, all of the co-ops in Waterford amalgamated to become Waterford Co-op. This led to the construction of a [[cheese]] factory on a greenfield site opposite the general store, and Kilmeadan cheese was to become one of the most recognised and successful [[Cheddar cheese|Cheddar]] brands in the world, winning gold and bronze medals in the World Cheese Awards in London in 2005.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}} |
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The [[Waterford Greenway]] is Ireland's longest greenway, and connects the city with [[Mount Congreve]], [[Kilmeaden]], [[Kilmacthomas]], and [[Dungarvan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Ireland's longest greenway opens in Waterford|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/munster/2017/0325/862541-greenway-waterford-dungarvan/|publisher=[[RTÉ News and Current Affairs|RTÉ News]]|date=March 25, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326172220/http://www.rte.ie/news/munster/2017/0325/862541-greenway-waterford-dungarvan/|archive-date=26 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
The [[Waterford Greenway]] is Ireland's longest greenway, and connects the city with [[Mount Congreve]], [[Kilmeaden]], [[Kilmacthomas]], and [[Dungarvan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Ireland's longest greenway opens in Waterford|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/munster/2017/0325/862541-greenway-waterford-dungarvan/|publisher=[[RTÉ News and Current Affairs|RTÉ News]]|date=March 25, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326172220/http://www.rte.ie/news/munster/2017/0325/862541-greenway-waterford-dungarvan/|archive-date=26 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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⚫ | [[Waterford Airport]] is located 9 km outside the city centre. Waterford was the "starting point" of one of the largest airlines by scheduled international passengers, [[Ryanair]], which operated its first flight on a 14-seat [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante|Embraer Bandeirante]] [[turboprop]] aircraft, between Waterford and [[Gatwick Airport]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://airlineworld.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/tony-ryan-founder-of-ryanair-passes-away/ |title=Tony Ryan Obituary |website=Airlineworld.wordpress.com |date=4 October 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110812175229/http://airlineworld.wordpress.com/2007/10/04/tony-ryan-founder-of-ryanair-passes-away/ |archive-date=12 August 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> |
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[[Waterford Airport]] is located 9 km outside the city centre. |
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==Education== |
==Education== |
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===Secondary schools=== |
===Secondary schools=== |
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There are several secondary schools in the area. Mount Sion Secondary and Primary School, located at Barrack Street, were founded by Edmund Ignatius Rice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mountsion.ie/|title=Mount Sion School Waterford Ireland |work=mountsion.ie|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708230455/http://www.mountsion.ie/|archive-date=8 July 2012|df=dmy-all|access-date=1 October 2011}}</ref> [[Newtown School, Waterford|Newtown School]] is a Quaker co-educational boarding school. [[Waterpark College]] was established in 1892 on the banks of the River Suir as Waterford's first classical school. It |
There are several secondary schools in the area. Mount Sion Secondary and Primary School, located at Barrack Street, were founded by Edmund Ignatius Rice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mountsion.ie/|title=Mount Sion School Waterford Ireland |work=mountsion.ie|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708230455/http://www.mountsion.ie/|archive-date=8 July 2012|df=dmy-all|access-date=1 October 2011}}</ref> [[Newtown School, Waterford|Newtown School]] is a Quaker co-educational boarding school. [[Waterpark College]] was established in 1892 on the banks of the River Suir as Waterford's first classical school. It still provides a secondary education and has recently become a co-educational school.{{fact|date=August 2023}} [[De La Salle College Waterford|De La Salle College]], a secondary school with 1,200 students and over 90 staff, is the biggest all-boys school in the county. Founded by the De La Salle brothers in 1892, it is a Catholic school for boys.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.delasallewaterford.com|title=De La Salle College Waterford|work=delasallewaterford.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222020557/http://www.delasallewaterford.com/|archive-date=22 December 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Today its large staff is made up of a mixture of Brothers and lay teachers. |
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[[File:Waterford Institute of Technology and its car park - geograph.org.uk - 1477319.jpg|thumb|South East Technological University, Waterford campus]] |
[[File:Waterford Institute of Technology and its car park - geograph.org.uk - 1477319.jpg|thumb|South East Technological University, Waterford campus]] |
Revision as of 12:09, 12 September 2023
Waterford
Port Láirge | |
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City | |
![]() From top, left to right: Waterford Marina, Holy Trinity Cathedral, Reginald's Tower, a piece of Waterford Crystal, Waterford City by night | |
Nickname: The Déise | |
Motto(s): Latin: Urbs Intacta Manet Waterfordia "Waterford remains the untaken city" | |
Coordinates: 52°15′24″N 7°7′45″W / 52.25667°N 7.12917°W | |
Country | Ireland |
Province | Munster |
Region | Southern (South-East) |
County | Waterford |
Founded | 914 AD |
City Rights | 1215 AD |
Government | |
• Local Authority | Waterford City and County Council |
• Mayor | Damien Geoghegan (FG) |
• Local Electoral Areas |
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• Dáil constituency | Waterford |
• European Parliament | South |
Area | |
• City | 50.4 km2 (19.5 sq mi) |
Population | |
• City | 60,079 |
• Rank | 5th |
• Density | 1,191.7/km2 (3,086/sq mi) |
• Metro | 82,963 |
Demonym(s) | Waterfordian, Déisean |
Time zone | UTC±0 (WET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (IST) |
Eircode Routing Key | X91 |
Telephone Area Code | 051(+353 51) |
Vehicle Index Mark Code | W |
Website | www |
Waterford[a] (Irish: Port Láirge [pˠɔɾˠt̪ˠ ˈl̪ˠaːɾʲ(ə)ɟə]) is a city in County Waterford in the south-east of Ireland. It is located within the province of Munster. The city is situated at the head of Waterford Harbour. It is the oldest[2][3] and the fifth most populous city in the Republic of Ireland. It is the ninth most populous settlement on the island of Ireland. According to the 2022 census, 60,079 people live in the city,[1] with a wider metropolitan population of 82,963.
Historically the site of a Viking settlement, Waterford's medieval defensive walls and fortifications include the 13th or 14th century Reginald's Tower. The medieval city was attacked several times, and earned the motto Urbs Intacta Manet (the untaken city), after repelling one such 15th century siege. Waterford is known for its former glassmaking industry, including at the Waterford Crystal factory, with decorative glass being manufactured in the city from 1783 until early 2009 when the factory closed following the receivership of Waterford Wedgwood plc. The Waterford Crystal visitor centre was opened, in the city's Viking Quarter, in 2010 and resumed production under new ownership. As of the 21st century, Waterford is the county town of County Waterford and the local government authority is Waterford City and County Council.
History
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Waterford_city_at_night_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1034017.jpg/220px-Waterford_city_at_night_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1034017.jpg)
The name 'Waterford' comes from Old Norse Veðrafjǫrðr 'ram (wether) fjord'. The Irish name is Port Láirge, meaning "Lárag's port".[4]
Viking raiders first established a settlement near Waterford in 853. It and all the other longphorts were vacated c. 902, the Vikings having been driven out by the native Irish. The Vikings re-established themselves in Ireland at Waterford in 914, led at first by Ottir Iarla (Jarl Ottar) until 917, and after that by Ragnall ua Ímair and the Uí Ímair dynasty, and built what would be Ireland's first city. Among the most prominent rulers of Waterford was Ivar of Waterford.
In 1167, Diarmait Mac Murchada, the deposed King of Leinster, failed in an attempt to take Waterford. He returned in 1170 with Cambro-Norman mercenaries under Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (known as Strongbow); together they besieged and took the city after a desperate defence. In furtherance of the Norman invasion of Ireland, King Henry II of England landed at Waterford in 1171. Waterford and then Dublin were declared royal cities, with Dublin also declared the capital of Ireland.
Reginald's Tower, built after the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland on the site of an earlier fortification and retaining its Viking name, was one of the first in Ireland to use mortar in its construction.
Throughout the medieval period, Waterford was Ireland's second city after Dublin. In the 15th century, Waterford repelled sieges by two pretenders to the English throne: Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck. As a result, King Henry VII gave the city its motto: Urbs Intacta Manet Waterfordia ("Waterford remains an untouched city").[3]
After the Protestant Reformation, Waterford remained a Catholic city and participated in the confederation of Kilkenny – an independent Catholic government from 1642 to 1649. This was ended abruptly by Oliver Cromwell, who brought the country back under English rule; his son-in-law Henry Ireton finally took Waterford in 1650 after a two major sieges.[5][6] In 1690, during the Williamite War, the Jacobite Irish Army was forced to surrender Waterford in the wake of the Battle of the Boyne.
The 18th century was a period of huge prosperity for Waterford. Many of the city's architecturally notable buildings appeared during this time. A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of the Cavalry Barracks at the end of the 18th century.[7]
In the early 19th century, Waterford City was deemed vulnerable and the British government erected three Martello towers on the Hook Peninsula to reinforce the existing Fort at Duncannon. During the 19th century, industries such as glass making and ship building thrived in the city.
The city was represented in the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1891 to 1918 by John Redmond MP, leader (from January 1900) of the Irish Parliamentary Party. Redmond, then leader of the pro-Parnell faction of the party, defeated David Sheehy in 1891. In 1911, Br. Jerome Foley, Br. Dunstan Drumm and Br. Leopold Loughran left Waterford for Malvern, Australia. Here, they founded a Catholic college which is still in existence today.[8]
In July 1922, Waterford was the scene of fighting between Irish Free State and Irish Republican troops during the Irish Civil War.
References in Annals of Inisfallen
See Annals of Inisfallen (AI)
- AI926.2 The fleet of Port Láirge [came] over land, and they settled on Loch Gair.
- AI927.2 A slaughter of the foreigners of Port Láirge [was inflicted] at Cell Mo-Chellóc by the men of Mumu and by the foreigners of Luimnech.
- AI984.2 A great naval expedition(?) by the sons of Aralt to Port Láirge, and they and the son of Cennétig exchanged hostages there as a guarantee of both together providing a hosting to attack Áth Cliath. The men of Mumu assembled and proceeded to Mairg Laigen, and the foreigners overcame the Uí Cheinnselaig and went by sea; and the men of Mumu, moreover, devastated Osraige in the same year, and its churches, and the churches of Laigin, and the fortifications of both were laid waste, and Gilla Pátraic, son of Donnchadh, was released.
- AI1018.5 Death of Ragnall son of Ímar, king of Port Láirge.
- AI1031.9 Cell Dara and Port Láirge were burned.
Politics
Local government
Following the Local Government Reform Act 2014, Waterford City and County Council is the local government authority for the city and county. The authority came into operation on 1 June 2014. Prior to this the city had its own local council, Waterford City Council. The new council is the result of a merger of Waterford City Council and Waterford County Council. The council has 32 representatives (councillors) who are elected from six local electoral areas. The city itself forms three of the electoral areas – which when combined form the Metropolitan District of Waterford City – and returns a total of 18 councillors to Waterford City and County Council.[9] The office of the Mayor of Waterford was established in 1377. A mayor is elected by the councillors from the three electoral areas of the Metropolitan District of Waterford every year, and there is no limit to the number of terms an individual may serve. Mary O'Halloran, who was mayor from 2007 to 2008, was the first woman to hold the post.
National politics
For the elections to Dáil Éireann, the city is part of the 4-seat constituency of Waterford, which includes the city and county of Waterford.[10] For elections to the European Parliament, the county is part of the South constituency.[11]
Geography
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Map_of_Waterford.png/220px-Map_of_Waterford.png)
Harbour and port
The city is situated at the head of Waterford Harbour (Loch Dá Chaoch or Cuan Phort Láirge).[3] The River Suir, which flows through Waterford City, has provided a basis for the city's long maritime history. The place downriver from Waterford where the Nore and the Barrow join the River Suir is known in Irish as Cumar na dTrí Uisce ("The confluence of the three waters"). Waterford Port has been one of Ireland's major ports for over a millennium. In the 19th century, shipbuilding was a major industry. The owners of the Neptune Shipyard, the Malcomson family, built and operated the largest fleet of iron steamers in the world between the mid-1850s and the late 1860s, including five trans-Atlantic passenger liners.[4]
Climate
The climate of Waterford is, like the rest of Ireland, classified as a maritime temperate climate (Cfb) according to the Köppen climate classification system. It is mild and changeable with abundant rainfall and a lack of temperature extremes. The counties in the Waterford area are often referred to as the 'Sunny Southeast'. The warmest months of the year are June, July and August with average daytime temperatures of around 17 – 22 degrees. Rainfall is evenly distributed year-round; however, the period from late October to late January is considerably wetter and duller than the rest of the year.
Climate data for Waterford (Tycor), elevation: 49 m or 161 ft, 1989–2019 normals, sunshine 1981-2010 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.3 (61.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
20.3 (68.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.7 (58.5) |
11.4 (52.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
14.4 (58.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) |
3.2 (37.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.3 (46.9) |
10.7 (51.3) |
13.0 (55.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
10.4 (50.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
5.2 (41.4) |
3.9 (39.0) |
7.4 (45.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 103.2 (4.06) |
72.9 (2.87) |
74.8 (2.94) |
71.8 (2.83) |
63.8 (2.51) |
71.6 (2.82) |
62.4 (2.46) |
78.5 (3.09) |
79.2 (3.12) |
116.3 (4.58) |
108.9 (4.29) |
108.6 (4.28) |
1,012 (39.85) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 14 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 16 | 137 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 60.3 | 75.7 | 114.1 | 173.9 | 214.9 | 189.9 | 199.5 | 191.1 | 146.1 | 105.5 | 73.3 | 55.2 | 1,599.5 |
Source 1: Met Éireann[12] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: KNMI[13] |
Demographics
With a 2022 population of 60,079[1] and a metropolitan area population of 82,963,[14] Waterford is the fifth most populous city in the State and the 32nd most populous area of local government.[15]
The population of Waterford grew from 1,555 in 1653 to around 28,000 in the early 19th century, declining to just over 20,000 at the end of the 19th, then rising steadily to over 40,000 during the 20th century.[16][17][18][19][20][21]
Culture
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Swans_at_scotch_Quay%2C_Waterford.jpg/170px-Swans_at_scotch_Quay%2C_Waterford.jpg)
Events
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tall-ships-waterford.jpg/220px-Tall-ships-waterford.jpg)
- The Waterford Film Festival was established in 2007,[22] celebrating its tenth year in 2016.[23]
- Waterford Music Fest, launched in 2011, is an outdoor, one-day music event which takes place in the city during the summer. In 2011, Waterford Music Fest was headlined by 50 Cent, Flo Rida and G-Unit and was attended by over 10,000 people.[24]
- Spraoi festival, (pronounced 'Spree')[25] organised by the Spraoi Theatre Company, is a street art festival which takes place in the city centre on the August Bank Holiday Weekend. Previous events have attracted audiences in excess of 80,000 people to the city.
- Waterford International Festival of Light Opera[26] is an annual event that has been held in the Theatre Royal since 1959. Also known as the Waterford International Festival of Music, it takes place in November.[27]
- Waterford hosted the Tall Ships Festival in 2005 and 2011.[28] The 2005 festival attracted in the region of 450,000 people to the city.[citation needed]
- Waterford Harvest Food Festival takes place annually in September along the quays. The festival offers visitors demonstrations, workshops and tours of local producers, numerous markets, tastings and dinners.
- St. Patrick's Day parade takes place annually on 17 March.
- Arts festivals which take place in the city include the Imagine Arts Festival[29] in October and The Fringe Arts Festival in September.
- Waterford Winterval an annual Christmas festival held in the city centre.[30]
- Waterford Walls is an event celebrating street art annually each August since 2014. Street artists both domestic and international are invited to the city to practise and display their craft.[31][32]
Arts
- Theatre companies. There are three theatre companies, Red Kettle, Spraoi and Waterford Youth Arts. Red Kettle is a professional theatre company based in Waterford that regularly performs in Garter Lane Theatre. Spraoi[25] is a street theatre company based in Waterford. It produces the Spraoi festival and has participated regularly in the Waterford and Dublin St. Patrick's day parades, often winning best float. In January 2005 the company staged its biggest and most prestigious production to date, "Awakening", the Opening Show for Cork 2005 European Capital of Culture. Waterford Youth Arts (WYA),[33] formerly known as Waterford Youth Drama, was established in August 1985. WYA has grown from the voluntary efforts of two individuals and 25 young people to a fully structured youth arts organisation with a paid staff and 400 young people taking part each week. Notable playwrights include Jim Nolan, who co-founded Red Kettle Theatre Company.[34] The Theatre Royal Waterford dates back to 1785.
- Libraries There are three public libraries in the city, all operated by Waterford City Council: Central Library, in Lady Lane; Ardkeen Library, in the Ardkeen shopping centre on Dunmore Road; and Brown's Road Library, on Paddy Brown's Road. Central Library, or Waterford City Library, opened in 1905. It was the first of many Irish libraries funded by businessman Andrew Carnegie (Carnegie funded 2,509 libraries across the world). It was renovated in 2004 for its centenary.
- Barrack Street Concert Band was established in 1870 and is one of the only bands in Ireland to have unbroken service through a civil war and two World Wars.[citation needed] In 1982, the band changed its name to the Barrack Street Concert Band. The new name reflected a change in instrumentation including flutes, saxophones, oboes and a percussion section which led to more members joining and a wider variety of music being played. In 1994, the band won the All Ireland Senior Military Band Championships in Wesley college, Dublin.[citation needed] 10 years later, in 2004, the band won the South of Ireland Senior Military Band Championships in Clonakilty, County Cork.[citation needed]
- Waterford Film For All (WFFA)[35] is a non-profit film society whose aim is to offer an alternative to the cineplex experience in Waterford. WFFA conducts much of its activities on the Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT) campus.
- The Waterford Collection of Art. Formerly known as the Waterford Municipal Art Collection, the collection is one of the oldest municipal collections of art in Ireland. Originally founded as the Waterford Art Museum in 1939, the collection has since grown and now comprises over 500 works of art including works by: Paul Henry, Jack B. Yeats, Mainie Jellett, Louis Le Brocquy, Letitia Hamilton, Dermod O’Brien, Evie Hone, Mary Swanzy, Charles Lamb, Hilda Roberts, Seán Keating, and George Russell (aka. AE).[citation needed]
Public buildings
- Waterford Museum of Treasures, forming the hub of the Viking Triangle, previously housed in the Granary on Merchant's Quay, is now accommodated in two museums on the Mall. The first is housed in the 19th-century Bishop's Palace, on the Mall, which holds items from 1700 to 1970. This was opened in June 2011. The second museum is located next to Bishop's Palace displaying the Medieval history of the city as well as the Chorister's Hall.[36]
- The Mall also contains Reginald's Tower, the House of Waterford Crystal, Christchurch Cathedral, and the Theatre Royal among other historical landmarks.[citation needed]
- Reginald's Tower, the oldest urban civic building in the country and the oldest monument to retain its Viking name, is situated on the Quays/The Mall, in Waterford. It has performed numerous functions over the years and today is a civic museum.
- A museum at Mount Sion (Barrack Street) is dedicated to the story of Brother Edmund Ignatius Rice and the history of the Christian Brothers and Presentation Brothers. Along with the museum, there is a café and a new chapel. The new museum was designed by Janvs Design[37]
- Waterford Gallery of Art, the home of the Waterford Art Collection, is located at 31-32 O’Connell Street. This former bank building was built in 1845 and now serves as a facility comprising galleries, outreach spaces, offices, and meeting and workshop rooms. The building was designed by the Waterford-born architect Thomas Jackson (1807 - 1890). Architecturally, this classical style bank building retains many of its original features and has fine cut-stone detailing throughout, including at the main entrance, stairs and first-floor fireplace.[citation needed]
- The Theatre Royal[38] on The Mall, was built in 1876, as part of a remodelled section of City Hall. It is a U-shaped, Victorian theatre, seating about 600 people.
- Garter Lane Arts Centre[39] is housed in two conserved 18th-century buildings on O'Connell Street. Garter Lane Gallery, the 18th-century townhouse of Samuel Barker contains the gallery and the Bausch & Lomb Dance Studio, and Garter Lane Theatre is based in the Quaker Meeting House, built in 1792. The theatre was renovated and restored in 2006 and now contains a 164-seat auditorium.
- St. John's College, Waterford was a Catholic seminary founded in 1807 for the diocese, in the 1830s the college established a mission to Newfoundland in Canada. It closed as a seminary in 1999 and in 2007 much of its building and lands were sold to the Respond! Housing Association.[40]
Religion
- Christ Church Cathedral[41]
- Saint Olave's Church, Peter Street (Medieval church)
- St Patrick’s Methodist Church, Waterford[42]
- Waterford Methodist Church, Greyfriars (council purchased in 1988)
- Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity
- French Church, a former Franciscan friary
- St Saviour's (Dominican) Church and Priory, Bridge Street. First Dominicans arrived in Waterford in 1226.[43]
- St Patrick's Catholic Church, Jenkin's Lane. One of the earliest surviving post-Reformation churches in Ireland[44]
- Holy Family Catholic Church
- Church of the Most Holy Trinity, Ballybricken
- St Joseph and St Benildus, Catholic Church
- Other Christian denominations
Media
RTÉs southeastern studio is in the city.
Waterford Local Radio (WLR FM) is available on 94.8FM on the Coast, 95.1FM in the County and on 97.5FM in Waterford City. WLR FM is Waterford's local radio station. Beat 102 103 is a regional youth radio station broadcasting across the South East of Ireland, it is based in Ardkeen, along with sister station WLR FM.
The Waterford News & Star is based on Gladstone Street in Waterford City. It covers Waterford city and county. It is now published in tabloid format.
The Munster Express has its office on the Quay in Waterford City and covers stories from across the city and county. It switched to tabloid format in 2011.
Local free sheets include the Waterford Mail (which comes out on Thursdays and has an office on O'Connell Street) and Waterford Today (an advertising-supported free newspaper which is published on Wednesdays and has an office on Mayors Walk).[citation needed]
Places of interest
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Tower_in_Waterford.jpg/170px-Tower_in_Waterford.jpg)
The city of Waterford consists of several cultural quarters, the oldest of which is known as Viking Triangle. This is the part of the city surrounded by the original tenth-century fortifications and is triangular in shape, with its apex at Reginald's Tower. Though once the site of a thriving Viking settlement, the city centre subsequently shifted to the west, and it is now a quieter area with narrow streets, medieval architecture, and civic spaces.[citation needed]
In the 15th century, the city was enlarged with the building of an outer wall on the west side. Today Waterford retains more of its city walls than any other city in Ireland with the exception of Derry, whose walls were built much later. Tours of Waterford's city walls are conducted daily.[citation needed]
The Quay, once termed by historian Mark Girouard as 'the noblest quay in Europe', is a mile long from Grattan Quay to Adelphi Quay, though Adelphi Quay is now a residential area. Near Reginald's Tower is the William Vincent Wallace Plaza, a monument and amenity built around the time of the millennium that commemorates the Waterford-born composer.[citation needed]
John Roberts Square is a pedestrianised area that is one of the focal points of Waterford's modern-day commercial centre.[citation needed] It was named after the Waterford architect, John Roberts, and was formed from the junction of Barronstrand Street, Broad Street and George's Street. It is often referred to locally as Red Square, due to the red paving that was used when the area was first pedestrianised. A short distance to the east of John Roberts Square is Arundel Square, which the City Square shopping centre opens onto.
Ballybricken, in the west, just outside the city walls, is thought to have been Waterford's Irishtown,[citation needed] a type of settlement that often formed outside Irish cities to house the Vikings and Irish that had been expelled during the Norman invasion of Ireland. Modern street names in the area reflect the fact that the area was where inhabitants of the medieval city practised archery.[48][49] Ballybricken is an inner-city neighbourhood centred around Ballybricken hill, which was a large, open market-square. Today it has been converted into a green, civic space, but the Bull Post, where livestock was once bought and sold, still stands as a remnant of the hill's past.[citation needed]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Waterfordcathedral.jpg/220px-Waterfordcathedral.jpg)
The Mall is a Georgian thoroughfare, built by the Wide Streets Commission to extend the city southwards. It contains some of the city's finest Georgian architecture.[citation needed] The People's Park, Waterford's largest park, is located nearby.
Once a historic market area, the city's Apple Market district is known for its nightlife culture and includes a number of bars, restaurants and nightclubs.[citation needed] Investment in the mid-2010s saw a portion of the area pedestrianised and the installation of a large outdoor roofing section.[50]
Ferrybank, in County Waterford, is Waterford's only suburb north of the river. It contains a village centre of its own.
In April 2003, a site combining a fifth-century Iron Age and ninth-century Viking settlement was discovered at Woodstown near the city, which appears to have been a Viking town that predates all such settlements in Ireland.[51]
Waterford is known for Waterford Crystal, a legacy of the city's former glass-making industry. Glass, or crystal, was manufactured in the city from 1783 until early 2009 when the factory there was shut down after the receivership of Waterford Wedgwood plc.[52] A new Waterford Crystal visitor centre in the Viking Quarter, under new owners, opened in June 2010, after the intervention of Waterford City Council and Waterford Chamber of Commerce, and resumed production.[53]
Waterford's oldest public house (pub) is located outside the old 'Viking Triangle'. T & H Doolan's, of 31/32 George's Street, has acted as a licensed premises since the 18th century but the premises is believed to be closer to five hundred years in age.[citation needed] The pub's structure includes one of the original city walls, almost 1,000 years old, which can be viewed in the lounge area of the building.[citation needed]
Economy
Waterford is the main city of Ireland's South-East Region. Historically Waterford was an important trading port which brought much prosperity to the city throughout the city's eventful history. Throughout its history, Waterford Crystal provided employment to thousands in the city and surrounding areas.
Waterford Port is Ireland's closest deep-water port to mainland Europe, handling approximately 12% of Ireland's external trade by value.[54] Waterford's most famous export, Waterford Crystal, was manufactured in the city from 1783 to 2009 and again from 2010 to the present day. Places, where Waterford Crystal can be seen, include New York City, where Waterford Crystal made the 2,668 crystals for the New Year's Eve Ball that is dropped each year in Times Square; Westminster Abbey; Windsor Castle; and the Kennedy Center (Washington, DC).[55][56]
Agriculture played an important part in Waterford's economic history. Kilmeadan, about 5 km from the city, was home to a very successful co-operative. The farmers of the area benefited from the sale of their produce (mostly butter and milk) to the co-op. In 1964, all of the co-ops in Waterford amalgamated to become Waterford Co-op. This led to the construction of a cheese factory on a greenfield site opposite the general store, and Kilmeadan cheese was to become one of the most recognised and successful Cheddar brands in the world, winning gold and bronze medals in the World Cheese Awards in London in 2005.[citation needed]
The Irish economic recession from 2008 onwards has had a major negative impact on Waterford's economy. A number of multinational companies have closed, including Waterford Crystal (which subsequently reopened) and Talk Talk, which has led to a high level of unemployment. Until 2013 the hedge fund office of the Citibank resided here.[57]
Waterford Co-op and Avonmore Co-op have merged to form Glanbia plc.[58]
Transport
The M9 motorway, which was completed on 9 September 2010, connects the city to Dublin.[59] The N24 road connects the city to Limerick city. The N25 road connects the city to Cork city. The route traverses the River Suir via the River Suir Bridge. This cable-stayed bridge is the longest single bridge span in Ireland at 230m. The route continues eastwards to Rosslare Harbour.
Waterford railway station is the only railway station in the county of Waterford. It is operated by Iarnród Éireann and provides 8 daily return services to Dublin and a Monday–Saturday Intercity service to Limerick Junction via Clonmel with onward connections to Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Cork, Killarney, and Tralee.[60][61] The line between Waterford and Rosslare Harbour ceased passenger services in 2010 and was replaced by Bus Éireann route 370. The station is directly connected to Waterford Port (Belview). A freight yard is located at the Dublin/Limerick end of the station, served by freight traffic such as cargo freight and timber which travel to and from Dublin Port and Ballina. In November 2016 it was revealed the Waterford could lose its connection to Limerick Junction by 2018 with the closure of the Limerick Junction Waterford line by CIE/IE to save money as the line is low demand.[62] On 29 May 2018 the contract held by DFDS for a freight service from Ballina to Belview Port expired and was not renewed.[63] In 2021 a new Ballina to Waterford (Belview) by Iarnród Éireann and XPO Logistics, (this is in addition to the wood pulp service from Ballina and Westport).[64]
Bus Éireann, JJ Kavanagh and Sons, Dublin Coach, and Wexford Bus provide bus services around the city centre and to other towns and cities in Ireland.[65][66] A daily coach service to England via South Wales and terminating at Victoria Coach Station, London is operated by Eurolines.[67] All regional bus services depart from Waterford Bus Station on the quay, and city centre services run throughout the city. Planning for bus lanes in the city centre are at an early stage and bus lanes will be on Parnell Street, Manor Street, The Mall, and the South Quays. A bus lane will be in each direction. On street parking will be removed from Parnell Street to facilitate the lanes. This is part of the city centre green plan.[68]
The Waterford Greenway is Ireland's longest greenway, and connects the city with Mount Congreve, Kilmeaden, Kilmacthomas, and Dungarvan.[69]
Waterford Airport is located 9 km outside the city centre. Waterford was the "starting point" of one of the largest airlines by scheduled international passengers, Ryanair, which operated its first flight on a 14-seat Embraer Bandeirante turboprop aircraft, between Waterford and Gatwick Airport.[70]
Education
The city is served by 21 primary schools,[71] nine secondary schools,[72] a further education college and a university.
Secondary schools
There are several secondary schools in the area. Mount Sion Secondary and Primary School, located at Barrack Street, were founded by Edmund Ignatius Rice.[73] Newtown School is a Quaker co-educational boarding school. Waterpark College was established in 1892 on the banks of the River Suir as Waterford's first classical school. It still provides a secondary education and has recently become a co-educational school.[citation needed] De La Salle College, a secondary school with 1,200 students and over 90 staff, is the biggest all-boys school in the county. Founded by the De La Salle brothers in 1892, it is a Catholic school for boys.[74] Today its large staff is made up of a mixture of Brothers and lay teachers.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Waterford_Institute_of_Technology_and_its_car_park_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1477319.jpg/220px-Waterford_Institute_of_Technology_and_its_car_park_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1477319.jpg)
Further education
Waterford College of Further Education previously called the Central Technical Institute (CTI), is a Post Leaving Certificate institute located on Parnell Street, Waterford city. It was founded in 1906 and thus celebrated its centenary in 2005.[75]
University
South East Technological University - the Waterford campus of the university is located in the city. This was established in 2022 from a merger of Waterford Institute of Technology and Institute of Technology, Carlow.[76][77]
Sport
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Waterford_Boat_Club_%288401799848%29.jpg/220px-Waterford_Boat_Club_%288401799848%29.jpg)
Waterford Boat Club is the oldest active sports club in Waterford, established in 1878.[78] Located on Scotch Quay, the club competes in the Irish Rowing Championships.[79] In 2009, several Waterford rowers were selected to row for Ireland.
There are three athletics clubs: West Waterford AC, Waterford Athletic Club and Ferrybank Athletic Club. The Waterford Viking Marathon is held in June.[80] St. Anne's Waterford Lawn Tennis Club, established in 1954, is the result of the amalgamation of Waterford Lawn Tennis Club and St. Anne's Lawn Tennis Club. It has nine courts to cater for social and competitive players in all age groups.[81]
Waterford is home to several association football clubs, including Waterford FC, Benfica W.S.C. and Johnville F.C. Waterford F.C. is a member of the League of Ireland. Notable Waterford footballers include Davy Walsh, Paddy Coad, Jim Beglin, Alfie Hale, Eddie Nolan, John O'Shea and Daryl Murphy. John Delaney, chief executive of the Football Association of Ireland, is originally from Waterford.
There are two rugby union clubs in Waterford City: Waterford City R.F.C.[82] and Waterpark R.F.C.[83]
Other team sports include Gaelic Athletic Association with clubs such as Mount Sion GAA, Erin's Own GAA, De La Salle GAA, Roanmore GAA, Ferrybank GAA and Ballygunner GAA; cricket is represented by Waterford District Cricket Club, who are based in Carriganore [84] and compete in the Munster Cricket Union; there are two inline hockey clubs, Waterford Shadows HC and Waterford Vikings, both of which compete in the Irish Inline Hockey League; and American football is played by Waterford Wolves, based at the Waterford Regional Sports Centre, and is the only American football club in Waterford.
Notable people
- Marie Bonaparte-Wyse (1831–1902), French poet[citation needed]
- Brendan Bowyer (1938–2020) showband singer[85]
- Charles Clagget (c.1740–c.1820), composer and inventor[86]
- Frances Emilia Crofton (1822–1910), an artist born in Waterford[citation needed]
- Val Doonican (1927–2015), singer and TV presenter[87]
- Seán Dunne (1956–1995), poet[88]
- Richard Harry Graves (1897–1971), Irish-born Australian writer[citation needed]
- Megan Nolan (born 1990), Irish journalist and author[89]
- Gilbert O'Sullivan (born 1946), singer-songwriter[90]
- Mario Rosenstock (born 1971), comedian and musician[citation needed]
- Louis Stewart (guitarist) (1944–2016), jazz guitarist[91]
- Luke Wadding (1588–1657), Franciscan friar, author and historian[92]
- William Vincent Wallace (1812–1865), composer[93]
Politics
- William Hobson (1792–1842), Irish-born New Zealand politician and writer[94]
- Thomas Meagher (1796–1874), politician and businessman[95]
- Thomas Francis Meagher (1823–1867), politician and soldier[96]
- Richard Mulcahy (1886–1971), soldier and politician[97]
- Thomas Wyse (1791–1862), politician and diplomat[98]
Sport
- Jim Beglin (born 1963), association footballer[99]
- John Keane (1917–1975), hurler[citation needed]
- Sean Kelly (born 1956), cyclist[citation needed]
- John O'Shea (born 1981), association footballer[100]
- Paul Flynn (born 1974), hurler[citation needed]
- Craig Breen (1990–2023), rally driver[citation needed]
Military
- John Condon (c 1896–1915), soldier[citation needed]
- Edmund Fowler (1861–1926), soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross[citation needed]
- Patrick Mahoney (1827–1857), soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross[citation needed]
Other
- Marguerite Moore (1849–1933), orator and activist[101]
- Harry Power (1819–1891), Australian bushranger[citation needed]
See also
- Blaa – A doughy, white bread roll particular to Waterford City.
- John's River – A river that runs through Waterford City.
- Little Island – An island within Waterford City.
- The Three Sisters: The River Barrow, River Nore and River Suir
- List of twin towns and sister cities in the Republic of Ireland
Notes
- ^ From Old Norse Veðrafjǫrðr [ˈweðrɑˌfjɒrðr̩], meaning "ram (wether) fjord".
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