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{{Short description|Region of Earth surrounding the Equator}} |
{{Short description|Region of Earth surrounding the Equator}} |
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{{Redirect-multi|2|Tropic|Tropical}} |
{{Redirect-multi|2|Tropic|Tropical}} |
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"Tropical" is sometimes used in a general sense and feeling for a [[tropical climate]] to mean warm to hot and moist year-round, often with the sense of lush vegetation. |
"Tropical" is sometimes used in a general sense and feeling for a [[tropical climate]] to mean warm to hot and moist year-round, often with the sense of lush vegetation. |
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Many tropical areas, however, have a dry and wet season. The [[wet season]], rainy season or green season is the time of year, ranging from one or more months, when most of the average annual [[rainfall]] in a region falls.<ref>Glossary of Meteorology (2009). [http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=rainy-season1 Rainy season.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215203023/http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=rainy-season1 |date=2009-02-15 }} American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 2008-12-27.</ref> Areas with wet seasons are disseminated across portions of the tropics and [[subtropics]], some even in [[Temperate climate|temperate]] regions.<ref>Michael Pidwirny (2008). [http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9k.html CHAPTER 9: Introduction to the Biosphere.] PhysicalGeography.net. Retrieved on 2008-12-27.</ref> Under the [[Köppen climate classification]], for [[tropical climate]]s, a wet-season month is defined as one or more months where average precipitation is {{convert|60|mm|sp=us|abbr=on}} or more.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf | title=Updated world Koppen-Geiger climate classification map}}</ref> Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons see a break in rainfall during mid-season when the [[intertropical convergence zone]] or [[monsoon trough]] moves poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season;<ref name="JS">J . S. 0guntoyinbo and F. 0. Akintola (1983). [http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~iahs/redbooks/a140/iahs_140_0063.pdf Rainstorm characteristics affecting water availability for agriculture.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205200119/http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~iahs/redbooks/a140/iahs_140_0063.pdf |date=2009-02-05 }} IAHS Publication Number 140. Retrieved on 2008-12-27</ref> typical vegetation in these areas ranges from moist [[seasonal tropical forest]]s to [[Savanna|savannahs]]. |
Many tropical areas, however, have both a dry and a wet season. The [[wet season]], rainy season or green season is the time of year, ranging from one or more months, when most of the average annual [[rainfall]] in a region falls.<ref>Glossary of Meteorology (2009). [http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=rainy-season1 Rainy season.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215203023/http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=rainy-season1 |date=2009-02-15 }} American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 2008-12-27.</ref> Areas with wet seasons are disseminated across portions of the tropics and [[subtropics]], some even in [[Temperate climate|temperate]] regions.<ref>Michael Pidwirny (2008). [http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9k.html CHAPTER 9: Introduction to the Biosphere.] PhysicalGeography.net. Retrieved on 2008-12-27.</ref> Under the [[Köppen climate classification]], for [[tropical climate]]s, a wet-season month is defined as one or more months where average precipitation is {{convert|60|mm|sp=us|abbr=on}} or more.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf | title=Updated world Koppen-Geiger climate classification map}}</ref> Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons see a break in rainfall during mid-season when the [[intertropical convergence zone]] or [[monsoon trough]] moves poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season;<ref name="JS">J . S. 0guntoyinbo and F. 0. Akintola (1983). [http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~iahs/redbooks/a140/iahs_140_0063.pdf Rainstorm characteristics affecting water availability for agriculture.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205200119/http://www.cig.ensmp.fr/~iahs/redbooks/a140/iahs_140_0063.pdf |date=2009-02-05 }} IAHS Publication Number 140. Retrieved on 2008-12-27</ref> typical vegetation in these areas ranges from moist [[seasonal tropical forest]]s to [[Savanna|savannahs]]. |
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When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or [[summer]], [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours. The wet season is a time when [[air quality]] improves, freshwater quality improves and vegetation grows significantly due to the wet season supplementing flora, leading to crop yields late in the season. Floods and rains cause rivers to overflow their banks, and some animals to retreat to higher ground. [[Soil]] nutrients are washed away and erosion increases. The incidence of [[malaria]] increases in areas where the rainy season coincides with high temperatures. Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime. The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature. |
When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or [[summer]], [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours. The wet season is a time when [[air quality]] improves, freshwater quality improves and vegetation grows significantly due to the wet season supplementing flora, leading to crop yields late in the season. Floods and rains cause rivers to overflow their banks, and some animals to retreat to higher ground. [[Soil]] nutrients are washed away and erosion increases. The incidence of [[malaria]] increases in areas where the rainy season coincides with high temperatures. Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime. The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature. |