Theoxena is an ancient Greek name and can refer to:
- Theoxena of Syracuse (born before 317 BC-after 289 BC), a Greek Macedonian noblewoman who was the third wife of Agathocles of Syracuse
- Theoxena of Egypt (flourished possibly late second half of 4th century BC & first half of 3rd century BC), daughter of Theoxena of Syracuse and Agathocles of Syracuse
- Theoxena, a Thessalonian Princess who was a contemporary to Philip V of Macedon (238 BC – 179 BC)