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==Varna status== |
==Varna status== |
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The Teli are generally considered to by of the [[Vaishya]] (merchant) ''[[varna (Hinduism)|varna]]'' in Hinduism. |
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The Teli are generally considered to by of the [[Vaishya]] (merchant) ''[[varna (Hinduism)|varna]]'' in Hinduism, though possibly of a lower or "less-pure" status.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=-ihuAAAAMAAJ&q=teli+vaishya&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=b2bMTfOGEK3TiALEgJWWBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwATgo/ Teli vaishya in this book]</ref> Other sources, however, classify them with the [[Shudra]] (cultivators),<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=HSESAQAAIAAJ&q=teli+vaishya&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=zGbMTf7vOcbkiAKMmriSBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAjgy</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=wqfZAAAAMAAJ&q=teli+shudra&dq=teli+shudra&hl=en&ei=7mbMTZu7C6fliAL-69SbBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAg</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=kVUVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA29&dq=teli+shudra&hl=en&ei=X2fMTdXHAuHiiALxt52uBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=teli%20shudra&f=false</ref> while others note that the Teli have attempted to avoid lower-classed activities and associations in an attempt to identify themselves as Vaishya.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=D5lQutvzAp4C&pg=PA142&dq=teli+shudra&hl=en&ei=7mbMTZu7C6fliAL-69SbBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=teli%20shudra&f=false</ref> |
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A history of the Telis written by the Secretary of the Teli Society{{When|date=May 2011}} claimed a Vaishya origin.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=3axhAAAAIAAJ&q=teli+vaishya&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=pWXMTbqtM47XiALkjtyWBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwATge</ref> |
A history of the Telis written by the Secretary of the Teli Society{{When|date=May 2011}} claimed a Vaishya origin.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=3axhAAAAIAAJ&q=teli+vaishya&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=pWXMTbqtM47XiALkjtyWBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwATge</ref> |
Revision as of 08:11, 13 February 2012
Teli (Marathi: तेली) is a business caste of oil pressers in India and Pakistan. Members may be either Hindu or Muslim; Muslim Teli are called Roshandaar or Teli Malik.[clarification needed][1]
The Jewish community of Maharashtra (called Bene Israel) was also known to be a sub-group in the Teli case called Shanivar Teli meaning Saturday oil pressers for their Jewish custom of abstention from work on Shabbat.[2][3]
Etymology
The word Teli comes from Tel, which means oil in Marathi, Hindi, and Oriya languages. The name Teli is given because of their profession of "making edible oil". In old times, these people had their small oil mills known as kolhu or ghana operated by oxen to make or extract edible oil from oil seeds like mustard and sesame.
Varna status
The Teli are generally considered to by of the Vaishya (merchant) varna in Hinduism.
A history of the Telis written by the Secretary of the Teli Society[when?] claimed a Vaishya origin.[4]
Sahu is an surname belonging to the teli caste of Vaishya varna (Merchant Class). This is to be mentioned as a Bania(caste) sub community or caste. (Vaishya Community).[5]
In Bengal, the Teli would be reckoned as Vaishya, along with other traders and bankers such as the Suvarnabanik, Gandhabanik, Saha, had not the Vaishya varna disappeared there.[6]
In Rajasthan, the Teli claim Kshatriya (warrior) status, though their neighbors recognise them as Vaishya (merchants).[7]
Distribution
Telis also called themselves Sahu Vaishyas. Telis are found throughout India. Hindu Teli are called Teli Sahu and Muslim Teli are called Teli Malik.
In north Maharashtra, most of them hide their family name and suffix Chaudhari as their surname.
In Haryana some Telis who have different configurations of Rajputs and Jats and others who had adopted this profession upon conversion to Islam during different periods. The Malik Muslim Teli association was established in 1991 to work for their welfare. The blood line of the Teli tribes found in the Sialkot, Lahore and Gujranwala regions of Pakistan shows this fact.[clarification needed] In these areas they are called Jungla and use Malik as a surname. In Haryana some Rajput families also adopted the Teli profession following the War of Indian Independence in 1857 to avoid persecution by the British.[citation needed]
In South India, Telugu-speaking Telis are called as Teli or Gandla. They have considerable population in Andhra Pradesh. They are differentiated as Deva Gandla, Setty Gandla, Sajjana Gandla. There are six gotras amonng them. They do not intermarry among the same gothras. Some Telis claim Kshatriya status and call themselves Reddy Gangla.
In Karnataka, Kannada-speaking Telis are called as Ganiga or Goud; Somakshatriya Ganigas and some Lingayat Ganigas (who worship Shiva) are also found there.
In Tamil Nadu, Telis are called Vaniya Chettiyar, Gandla Chetty, Ganiga Chetty, Chekkalar. Chekku denotes "oil press" in Tamil.
In Kerala, a Teli is often called Chettiar.
Telis are spread all over India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives and Nepal.
Sub-divisions
This caste is also subdivided into multiple Teli subcastes such as:
- Tilwan Teli (e.g. Bhusari, Chopade, Nalinde, Navpute, Harne,Dahpute)
- Shenwar Teli
- Rathod Teli
- Savji teli(i.e.Shirbhate,Gulhane,etc.)
- Malik Teli
- Tirmal teli
- Ek baili/Erandel teli
- Don baili teli
- Sahu Teli
- Lingayat Teli
- Vaddhar Teli
- Taheeme Teli
- Jairat teli
- Moodi
- kokani teli
- Malik shahu teli
- Padmvanshi Teli
Teli Savji
These mostly found in maharashtra vidarbha. Their surnames are as Jirapure,Mogarkar,Shirbhate,Ajmire, Bijwe, Katkar, Take, Dafe Bhurane,Kale,Gulhane,Shahade,Shinde,Jaysingpure,Dehankar,Gawali, Kirve, Tapkire, Pote, Shelar,tivrekar, Dalvi, Kardile,Mahendre-Patil, kshirsagar, Waddettivar, Potdukhe,gulwade,shinde,dhole,lanjekar,rahate,kirve,vipte,shrirao,hande as on.They are widely spread in pune,akola, Yavatmal,Amaravati,Wardha& Nagpur also in various placeses in Maharashtra.
Teli Chauhan
Teli Chauhan are seen in Bhiwani, Hissar (Hisar) and other districts of Haryana, Rajasthan and after grand migration of 1947 in Pakistani East Southern Punjab. This fact, represents that Teli is not something like hereditary caste or bloodline. It was just a professional organization of any family or caste who adopted oil pressing profession, especially during the time East India Company and The Great Freedom Massacre of 1857, when oil-pressing was said to have become a profitable profession and business.
Teli Chauhans are found in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Sahiwal Kashmir and Sialkot, Gujranwal, Lahore district of Western Punjab. Official site for tel:- www.telisahusamaj.com
Don Baili Teli
These people used to work in oil mills with two oxen (bail) and it was symbol of richness. This teli samaj mostly found in maharashtra vidarbha. they speak marathi language which is zadi boli in east. Their surnames are as Ashtankar,Mahakalkar,Mogre,Daigavane, Bhure,Ghate,Talwekar, Mude, Mute, Kamdi, Bele, Gabhane, Jibhakate,Yenurkar, Lohbare, Moharkar, Ambulkar, Lanjewar, Pardhi, Uparkar, Wadibhasme, Gulhane,Gujarkar, Lichade, Johari, Potbhare, Dhurve, Borkar, Talwekar, Wanjari, Bondre, Bawankule, Bhilawe, Satpute, Jaysingpure, Bhongade, Patil, Deshmukh,Wadkar, Sarode, Golhar, Ghatode, Rode, Fande, Rajankar, Kamdi,Dhadwe in Nanded District of maharashtra, Ghandhare,Dandare,Gaidhane, Gaidhani, Bhise, Vaghe, Diwte, Ghuguskar, Balbuddhe, Kachore, Kawle, Padole,Dhage, Karemore, Sathwane, Bisne, Giradkar,Khante, Shende, Itankar, Barai, Charde, Dongre, Sakharkar, Umathe, Pise, Waghamare,Kalambe, Dhoble, Makde, Chopkar, Dhabale, Nimkar, Bramhe, Hatwar, Manapure, Bhiogade, Mehar, Sakhure, Sakharkar, Sakharwade,Tighare, Dhanjode, Moharkar, Giripunje, Badwaik, Sawarbandhe, Kumbhalkar, Vaidya, Tibule, Navkhare, Zade, Chamat, Tambulkar, Hajare, Kirpan, Telmasare, Ikhar, Darwate, Bhajipale, Samrit, Maske, Bawankule, Divte, Malewar, Katekhye, Chindalore, Katore, Dhobre, Turaskar, Madankar, Bodhankar, Hagwane, Thombare, Rokade, Bagwaik, Lende, Aakare, Bawankar, Selokar, Bhole, Bawane, Shinde, Tilgule, Motghare, Yenurkar, Sawarkar, Dokarimare, kularkar, Bhugaonkar, Hiradkar, Kolhe, Bodakhe, Thote, Masurkar, Fating, waghulkar, Ubale in Hingoli District of maharashtra kre,Chakole as on. They are widely spread in Amaravati, Akola, Yavatmal, Chandrapur, Bhandara, Gondiya, Wardha, Washim, Gadchiroli & Nagpur also Pandurna (MP), ausar (MP)& Bhopal (MP), balaghat and betul, rajnandgaon,raipur&durg
Teli Rathore/Rathod
-AKA- Kshatriya Teli - Another Teli group who chose profession of extracting oil from peanuts, soybeans for lightening and other purpose at the time of wars and moved from Rajasthan's District Ajmer, Bhilwara, Kota, Jhalawar,Jodhpur, Pali, Swai Madhopur, Jaipur to M.P, U.P, Gujarat, Punjab and other states. They are widely spread in MP in Indore, Neemuch, Mandsaur, Dhar, Ujjain, Ratlam, Jhabua, Alirajpur,Gwalior, Dewas, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra in Akola, Yavatmal, Amaravati, Nagpur and in Histroric Kannauj region of Uttar Pradesh(i.e., Knnauj,Kanpur,Mainpuri,Etawah). There Surnames are Dhawale,Mehesare, Kurhekar,Rathore,Gotmare,Nalat,Isokar,Khodake,Dhore,Lendhe,Makode,Chopade,Gomase,Iche,Tikhile,Zaparde,Wankhade,Bhirad,Bore,Misurkar,etc...
They are actually debased Rathod Rajputs. They claim to be the descendants of Rathods of Kannauj. They separated from the main stream Rajputs after Ghori's invasion of India. Instead of calling themselves "Teli" they simply call themselves Rathores/Rathods. They consider themselves to be of true Rathore Rajput lineage.They are were initially Ksatriyas who accepted oil extracting as their profession during distress.
In some areas the Rathor gave up the name Teli entirely, and claimed Rajput status. They claimed either to come from Maihar State, and to have received the title of Mahato (from mahat, "great") from the Raja there. Alternately, some claimed to be "debased" Rathor Rajputs.[8] These claim to have initially been Kshatriyas who took up the profession of oil-presser during times of hardship.[citation needed]
Padmvanshi Teli
As knows Rajsthan's Padmvanshi Teli, Mostly located in Maharashtra and MP (Jalgaon, Aurangabad, Indore, Ujjain, Ratlam, Jhabua Sendwa etc.) The Padmvandhi Teli are same cultural to Rathod Teli as mentioned above but Rathod Teli located widely. There last names are Ajmere, Asarwal, Aagwal, Bindwal, Chudhari, Dhakare, Lahiwal, Mahor, Mangrunde, Mangrule, Mavre, Mandavare, Nagare, Nainav, Perdeshi, Rathod, Surale, Sartale, Teli, Zalwar, And More....
Other Teli
There are many gotras that are a part of Muslim teli community in Pakistan. They subdivide in ikasna and doasna meaning having one profession and two professions respectively. other profession adopted my Muslim teli is of cotton ginning to make comforters (blankets filled with cotton) they are therefore known as doasna. All gotras in Muslim teli community are doasna teli.[citation needed]
The Bene Israel of Maharashtra were nicknamed the Shanivar Teli ("Saturday oil-pressers") by the local population as they abstained from work on Saturdays which is Judaism's Shabbat.[2][3]
Notable Telis
- Mahatma Gandhi, Father of Nation, India
- Santaji Jagnade (1624–1688), a prominent Marathi Sant.
- Jaishankar Prasad (January 30, 1889 – January 14, 1937), one of the most famous figures in modern Hindi literature.
- Meghnad Saha(6 October 1893 – 16 February 1956) an Indian astrophysicist best known for his development of the Saha equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars.
- Narendra Modi, Chief Minister of Gujrat.[9]
- Tarachand Sahu, 1st Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from M.P-C.G.
- Venkatesh Prasad, Former Indian cricketer
Pakistan
- Siraj Kassam Teli, former President of Karachi Chamber of Commerce
Swāmi Nārāyan & the Telis
R.V. Russell wrote in "The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India", 1916
"In the Central Provinces a number of persons belong to it in Nimār, principally of the Teli caste. The Telis of Nimār are anxious to improve their social position, which is very low, and have probably joined the [Swāmi Nārāyan] sect on account of its liberal principles on the question of caste."
References
- ^ People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan & J C Das
- ^ a b Govinda Nārāyaṇa Māḍagāṽakara; Murali Ranganathan; Gyan Prakash (2008). Govind Narayan's Mumbai: an urban biography from 1863. Anthem Press. pp. 283–. ISBN 978-1-84331-277-2. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
- ^ a b Orpa Slapak; Muzeʼon Yiśraʼel (Jerusalem) (1995). The Jews of India: a story of three communities. UPNE. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-965-278-179-6. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=3axhAAAAIAAJ&q=teli+vaishya&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=pWXMTbqtM47XiALkjtyWBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwATge
- ^ Sahu -Teli
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=x0AiAAAAMAAJ&q=teli+vaishya&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=pWXMTbqtM47XiALkjtyWBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBDge
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=vm_KCE4XXPMC&pg=PA954&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=uGPMTbypMKPRiAKg__moBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBTgK#v=onepage&q=teli%20vaishya&f=false
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA553&dq=teli+vaishya&hl=en&ei=bmTMTbTRGczSiAL44fidBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFIQ6AEwCTgU#v=onepage&q=teli%20vaishya&f=false
- ^ Gujarat is run by a peasant from the Teli/Ghanchi caste (Narendra Modi)