223.185.129.59 (talk) No edit summary Tags: references removed Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
Manvir Malik (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
The [[Hindu]] Tarkhans are generally identified as [[Khati]]s or [[Suthar]], [[Lohar]] following the [[Vishwakarma]] community of India.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sociology: A Study of the Social Sphere |first=Yogesh |last=Atal |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-8-13179-759-4 |page=242 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RuK9z3jLcwgC&pg=PA242|year=2012 }}</ref> |
The [[Hindu]] Tarkhans are generally identified as [[Khati]]s or [[Suthar]], [[Lohar]] following the [[Vishwakarma]] community of India.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sociology: A Study of the Social Sphere |first=Yogesh |last=Atal |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-8-13179-759-4 |page=242 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RuK9z3jLcwgC&pg=PA242|year=2012 }}</ref> |
||
According to the [[Census of India prior to independence|1921 census of India]], which may not be reliable, some Tarkhan Sikhs owned large areas of land and, in some cases, whole villages.<ref>{{cite book|first=Subash Chander |last=Sharma |title=Punjab, the Crucial Decade |publisher=Nirmal Publications |year=1987 |isbn=978-8171561735 |page=114 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L1RGX3whGEIC&pg=PA114}}</ref> Tarkhan Sikhs are among those groups identified as [[Ramgarhia]]s, after the [[Misl]] leader [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]].<ref>{{cite book|first=W. Owen |last=Cole |title=A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy |publisher= |year=2005 |isbn=1135797609 |page=70 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vcSRAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA70}}</ref> Despite Sikhism generally rejecting the caste system, it does have its own very similar socio-economic hierarchy and in that the Ramgarhias, |
According to the [[Census of India prior to independence|1921 census of India]], which may not be reliable, some Tarkhan Sikhs owned large areas of land and, in some cases, whole villages.<ref>{{cite book|first=Subash Chander |last=Sharma |title=Punjab, the Crucial Decade |publisher=Nirmal Publications |year=1987 |isbn=978-8171561735 |page=114 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L1RGX3whGEIC&pg=PA114}}</ref> Tarkhan Sikhs are among those groups identified as [[Ramgarhia]]s, after the [[Misl]] leader [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]].<ref>{{cite book|first=W. Owen |last=Cole |title=A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy |publisher= |year=2005 |isbn=1135797609 |page=70 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vcSRAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA70}}</ref> Despite Sikhism generally rejecting the caste system, it does have its own very similar socio-economic hierarchy and in that the Ramgarhias, of which the Tarkhans are a part, now rank second only to the [[Jat Sikh]]s, thanks to significant economic and social power that elevated this middle class group from its lower caste confines.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Childs|first1=Peter|title=Encyclopaedia of Contemporary British Culture |isbn=978-1134755547 |pages=270 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qHiVvKbSLX8C&pg=PA270|date=13 May 2013}}</ref> |
||
In 2001, the Punjab Government included Ramgarhia, Tarkhan and Dhiman in the list of [[Other Backward Classes]] ''(OBC)'' to improve their economic conditions.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ramgarhias in OBC list {{!}} Chandigarh News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Ramgarhias-in-OBC-list/articleshow/433739102.cms?from=mdr#:~:text=chandigarh%3A%20ramgarhias%2C%20tarkhans%20(carpenters,economic%20condition%2C%20the%20notification%20added |accessdate=3 September 2020 |work=The Times of India |date=31 August 2001 |language=en}}</ref> They are also added in the list of backward classes of by the [[Government of Haryana]].<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Backward Classes {{!}} Welfare of Scheduled Caste & Backward Classes Department, Government of Haryana |url=http://haryanascbc.gov.in/list-of-backward-classes |website=haryanascbc.gov.in |accessdate=4 September 2020}} |
|||
</ref> |
|||
They are also added in '''Scheduled caste''' in Himachal state and Jharkhand state of India. |
|||
<ref>http://himachalservices.nic.in/hpscstdc/CastesEng(sc).htm |
|||
check serial number 36 by clicking on this link </ref> |
|||
The Lohar in Jharkhand are locally known as Lohra or Lohara.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://slideplayer.com/slide/4455653/|title=1 Paper for 3 rd SCONLI 2008 (JNU, New Delhi) Comparative study of Nagpuri Spoken by Chik-Baraik & Oraon’s of Jharkhand Sunil Baraik Senior Research Fellow.|website=slideplayer.com|}}</ref> They are classified as [[Scheduled Tribe]] in Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |page=12 |title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes |publisher=Census India |accessdate=15 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |archivedate=7 November 2013 }}</ref> |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
Revision as of 14:15, 10 September 2020
Regions with significant populations | |
---|---|
India and Pakistan | |
Languages | |
Hindi • Punjabi | |
Religion | |
Hinduism • Islam • Sikhism |
The Tarkhan or Lohar is a group of peoples commonly found in the Punjab regions of India and Pakistan. They are traditionally carpenters by occupation.[1]
The Hindu Tarkhans are generally identified as Khatis or Suthar, Lohar following the Vishwakarma community of India.[2]
According to the 1921 census of India, which may not be reliable, some Tarkhan Sikhs owned large areas of land and, in some cases, whole villages.[3] Tarkhan Sikhs are among those groups identified as Ramgarhias, after the Misl leader Jassa Singh Ramgarhia.[4] Despite Sikhism generally rejecting the caste system, it does have its own very similar socio-economic hierarchy and in that the Ramgarhias, of which the Tarkhans are a part, now rank second only to the Jat Sikhs, thanks to significant economic and social power that elevated this middle class group from its lower caste confines.[5]
In 2001, the Punjab Government included Ramgarhia, Tarkhan and Dhiman in the list of Other Backward Classes (OBC) to improve their economic conditions.[6] They are also added in the list of backward classes of by the Government of Haryana.[7] They are also added in Scheduled caste in Himachal state and Jharkhand state of India. [8] The Lohar in Jharkhand are locally known as Lohra or Lohara.[9] They are classified as Scheduled Tribe in Jharkhand.[10]
References
- ^ McLeod, W. H. (2000). Exploring Sikhism: Aspects of Sikh Identity, Culture and Thought. Oxford University Press. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-19-564902-4.
- ^ Atal, Yogesh (2012). Sociology: A Study of the Social Sphere. Pearson Education India. p. 242. ISBN 978-8-13179-759-4.
- ^ Sharma, Subash Chander (1987). Punjab, the Crucial Decade. Nirmal Publications. p. 114. ISBN 978-8171561735.
- ^ Cole, W. Owen (2005). A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism: Sikh Religion and Philosophy. p. 70. ISBN 1135797609.
- ^ Childs, Peter (13 May 2013). Encyclopaedia of Contemporary British Culture. p. 270. ISBN 978-1134755547.
- ^ "Ramgarhias in OBC list | Chandigarh News - Times of India". The Times of India. 31 August 2001. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
- ^ "List of Backward Classes | Welfare of Scheduled Caste & Backward Classes Department, Government of Haryana". haryanascbc.gov.in. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
- ^ http://himachalservices.nic.in/hpscstdc/CastesEng(sc).htm check serial number 36 by clicking on this link
- ^ "1 Paper for 3 rd SCONLI 2008 (JNU, New Delhi) Comparative study of Nagpuri Spoken by Chik-Baraik & Oraon's of Jharkhand Sunil Baraik Senior Research Fellow". slideplayer.com.
{{cite web}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=
(help) - ^ "List of notified Scheduled Tribes" (PDF). Census India. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2013.