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"True" hallucinogens
Rawr, I /hate/ this common misconception! While deleriants are true hallucinogens, so are conventional hallucinogens. A hallucinogen is something that causes hallucinations, and hallucinations are perception in the absence of external stimuli (Note that there is nothing in that definition about whether these hallucinations are considered real by the person).
The only difference between deleriant-induced hallucinations and those caused by conventional hallucinogens is that they appear real; in other words, they are accompanied by delusions that they are real. There is nothing "true" about deleriant-induced hallucinations that there isn't about those caused by, say, LSD.
--140.159.2.32 04:05, 13 September 2006 (UTC)
Just had to add that some hallucinations from deliriants are obviously not there. Such as when I was on diphenhydramine and saw what looked like a shadow (a darker portion than what was surrounding it) on the wooden-styled wall forming into shapes and people, and dancing and such. I knew I was just seeing things. Other examples have been reported. But obviously, yes, most of the time the user cannot tell the difference between hallucinations and reality. I've read in some places that the actual definition of a hallucination means that classic hallucinogens don't create what are considered "true" hallucinations. Maybe that's where this came from? 4.234.51.173 07:17, 24 January 2007 (UTC)
- I concur with the above. I know this isn't Erowid, but I have begun to realize that there are two kinds of hallucinations seen on deliriants. The first is the kind that is obviously not there, such as wispy lines flying through the air, wispy, smoke-like visuals coming off of objects, walls, etc. and distortions of actual objects (such as seeing a bed post bend, morph, and distort). The second kind of hallucinations, usually expierienced at higher doses, are the realistic (or dream-like) type, such as thinking you are talking to somebody, or thinking you are at school or work when you are actually at home, etc.--206.28.43.150 (talk) 20:14, 22 August 2009 (UTC)
I think we should get a source cited for some of this info and possibly fix up this part of the article? I have read, however, that LSD and other hallucinogens don't cause perception in the absence of external stimuli, but instead cause distortions in existing stimuli. 209.247.22.129 18:28, 24 April 2007 (UTC)
Merge?
Should this article be merged with anticholinergic? --Thoric 16:26, 5 May 2006 (UTC)
No. There are many anticholinergics that are not used as deleriants. --140.159.2.32 04:05, 13 September 2006 (UTC)
unsourced
moved here per WP:PRESERVE
- Effects
The delirium produced is characterized by stupor, confusion, confabulation, and regression to "phantom" behaviors such as disrobing and plucking.[1] Other commonly reported behaviors include holding full conversations with imagined people, finishing a complex, multi-stage action (such as getting dressed) and then suddenly discovering one had not even begun yet, and being unable to recognize one's own reflection in a mirror.[citation needed]
The effects have been linked to sleepwalking, a fugue state or a psychotic episode (particularly in that the subject has minimal control over their actions and little to no recall of the experience). This is a notable departure from the effects of serotonergic psychedelics.
Naturally occurring deliriants are found in plant species such as Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade), various Brugmansia species (Angel's Trumpets), Datura stramonium (Jimson weed), Hyoscyamus niger (henbane), and Mandragora officinarum (mandrake) in the form of tropane alkaloids (notably atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine). Synthetic compounds such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) are also deliriants. Additionally, the mushroom referred to as fly agaric and its active principles ibotenic acid and muscimol may also be considered deliriants, albeit with a unique biological mechanisms of action.
- Classes of deliriants
- Anticholinergics
Disubstituted glycolic acid esters:
- benactyzine
- dicyclomine
- N-ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
- N-methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
- 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate
- ditran
- EA-3167
- Antihistamines
- Other
- Mythology
Deliriants such as henbane, mandrake, Jimson weed and fly agaric are featured in many stories in European mythology.[citation needed]
-- Jytdog (talk) 23:28, 2 February 2018 (UTC)
References
- ^ Bersani, F. S.; Corazza, O.; Simonato, P.; Mylokosta, A.; Levari, E.; Lovaste, R.; Schifano, F. (2013). "Drops of madness? Recreational misuse of tropicamide collyrium; early warning alerts from Russia and Italy". General Hospital Psychiatry. 35 (5): 571–3. doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.04.013. PMID 23706777.
Mirtazapine
There's a commonly prescribed anti-depressant called "Mirtazapine" that can have Deliriant effects when taken at pretty high medicinal doses (and beyond), however I'm not sure about adding it to the list for multiple reasons:
1. It's a very strange one, having mostly Deliriant effects with some Psychedelic-like hallucinations, except without the psychosis and/or delirium of...well, Deliriants, and also without the tripped out effects of Psychedelics, instead just leaving the user extremely tired whilst seeing, hearing and feeling some really weird stuff (at least in my experience, others may very well have different "Trips").
2. Use/abuse of it for it's hallucinogenic effects appears to be rare, with nearly all mentions of it being anecdotal from users/experimenters.
3. I'm concerned about adding it to the list, and having people seeing it and then deciding to try it themselves...that said, given that (at the original time of posting this) substances like Amitriptyline, DPH and Scopolamine are on the list, perhaps I'm just being a worry wort, as those drug's side effects and toxicity appear to be way worse. On the other hand though, very little is known about Mirtazapine's short and long term effects due to the rarity of it's use as a hallucinogen.
4. It's unclear why Mirtazapine causes these strange hallucinogenic effects. My best guess is that the weak Antimuscarinic activity + partial agonism at the k-opioid receptor start to take effect at high doses.
So yeah, dunno about adding it or leaving it out, but I thought it'd be something relevant to mention here. Silverleaf81 (talk) 09:01, 26 January 2023 (UTC)
Other deliriants for the main page
Many other medications can cause Delirium, so I have added them to the main page of the article to add more examples of medications which can cause delirium. Noam111g (talk) 02:07, 8 November 2023 (UTC)