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:''For other meanings, see [[Szczecin (disambiguation)]] and [[Stettin (disambiguation)]].'' |
:''For other meanings, see [[Szczecin (disambiguation)]] and [[Stettin (disambiguation)]].'' |
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{{Infobox Settlement |
{{Infobox Settlement |
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|name = |
|name = Szczecin |
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|nickname = Floating Garden |
|nickname = Floating Garden |
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|motto = "Szczecin jest otwarty" <br/>(''" |
|motto = "Szczecin jest otwarty" <br/>(''"Szczecin is open"'') |
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|image_skyline = PolandSzczecinPanorama.JPG |
|image_skyline = PolandSzczecinPanorama.JPG |
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|imagesize = 250px |
|imagesize = 250px |
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[[File:Szczecin by night 01.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Oder River]] and Wały Chrobrego]] |
[[File:Szczecin by night 01.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Oder River]] and Wały Chrobrego]] |
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''' |
'''Szczecin''' {{IPAr|pl|AUD|Szczecin.ogg|'|sz|cz|e|ć|i|n}} ({{lang-de|Stettin}} {{IPA|[[Help:IPA|[ʃtɛˈtiːn]]]}} {{Audlisten|Stettin.ogg}}; {{lang-csb|Sztetëno}} {{IPA|[[Help:IPA|[ʂtɛˈtənɔ]]]}}; {{lang-la|Stetinum}}) is the [[Capital (political)|capital city]] of [[West Pomeranian Voivodeship]] in [[Poland]]. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest [[port|seaport]] in Poland on the [[Baltic Sea]]. As of the 2005 [[census]] the city had a total population of 420,638. In 2007 its population was 407,811. |
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Szczecin is located on the [[Oder River]], south of the [[Lagoon of Szczecin]] and the [[Bay of Pomerania]]. The city is situated along the southwestern shore of [[Dąbie Lake]], on both sides of Oder and on several large islands between western and eastern branch of the river. Szczecin borders with [[Police, Poland|Police]] – seat of [[Police County]] – situated at an [[estuary]] of the Oder River. |
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The city is on the [[European Route of Brick Gothic]]. |
The city is on the [[European Route of Brick Gothic]]. |
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The history of |
The history of Szczecin began in the 8th century, when [[West Slavs]] [[Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages|settled Pomerania]] and erected a [[burgh|stronghold]], later with an adjacent settlement, on the site of the [[Pomeranian Dukes' Castle in Szczecin|modern castle]]. [[Mieszko I of Poland]] [[Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages|subdued some Pomeranian regions]] in the late 10th century, but not the lower [[Oder]] region.<ref>Jan M Piskorski, Pommern im Wandel der Zeit, 1999, pp.31,32, ISBN 839061848</ref><ref>Paul W. Knoll, Frank Schaer, annotaded Gesta Principum Polonorum: The Deeds of the Princes of the Poles by Gallus, Central European University Press, 2003, p.32, ISBN 9639241407</ref> |
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After the decline of neighboring regional center [[Wolin (town)|Wolin]] in the 12th century, Szczecin became one of the more important and powerful seaports of the Baltic Sea south coasts. In the winter of 1121/22, the burgh under local duke [[Wartislaw I, Duke of Pomerania|Wartislaw I]] was subjugated by [[Boleslaus III of Poland]] and its inhabitants [[Christianization|converted to Christianity]] due to two missions of bishop [[Otto of Bamberg]] in 1124 and 1128. At this time, the first Christian church of St. Peter and Paul was erected. Wartislaw managed to expand his realm westward, thereby forming the territorial body of the later [[Duchy of Pomerania]]. |
After the decline of neighboring regional center [[Wolin (town)|Wolin]] in the 12th century, Szczecin became one of the more important and powerful seaports of the Baltic Sea south coasts. In the winter of 1121/22, the burgh under local duke [[Wartislaw I, Duke of Pomerania|Wartislaw I]] was subjugated by [[Boleslaus III of Poland]] and its inhabitants [[Christianization|converted to Christianity]] due to two missions of bishop [[Otto of Bamberg]] in 1124 and 1128. At this time, the first Christian church of St. Peter and Paul was erected. Wartislaw managed to expand his realm westward, thereby forming the territorial body of the later [[Duchy of Pomerania]]. |
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After the war a monument of Three Eagles was cosntructed-to commorate three generations of Szczecin Poles-the pre-war Polonia, the pioneers who rebuilt the city after destruction it suffered during the German made war, and the modern generation which lives in the city. |
After the war a monument of Three Eagles was cosntructed-to commorate three generations of Szczecin Poles-the pre-war Polonia, the pioneers who rebuilt the city after destruction it suffered during the German made war, and the modern generation which lives in the city. |
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During the 1939 [[Invasion of Poland (1939)|invasion of Poland]], which started World War II in Europe, Stettin was the base for the [[German 2nd Motorized Infantry Division]], which cut across the [[Polish Corridor]]. |
During the 1939 [[Invasion of Poland (1939)|invasion of Poland]], which started World War II in Europe, Stettin was the base for the [[German 2nd Motorized Infantry Division]], which cut across the [[Polish Corridor]]. |
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In February 1940 Jews of Szczecin were expelled from the city, the situation was remarkable as foreign journalists in the city were able to observe this situation. Press reports emerged writing how the Nazis forced Jews regardless of age, condition and gender to sign away all property-including wedding rings-and loaded on trains escorted by SA and SS. Due to publicity of the event, German institutions ordered such actions in the future to be made in a way not arousing public notice<ref>The Origins of the Final Solution Christopher R. Browning, Jürgen Matthäus page 64 [[University of Nebraska]] Press, 2007</ref>. |
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Allied air raids in 1944 and heavy fighting between the German and [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] armies destroyed 65% of Stettin's buildings and almost all of the city centre, seaport and industries. |
Allied air raids in 1944 and heavy fighting between the German and [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] armies destroyed 65% of Stettin's buildings and almost all of the city centre, seaport and industries. |
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[[Image:SZCZECINGALAXY.JPG|thumb|right|250px|One of Szczecin's most important recent developments has been the Galaxy Centrum shopping center]] |
[[Image:SZCZECINGALAXY.JPG|thumb|right|250px|One of Szczecin's most important recent developments has been the Galaxy Centrum shopping center]] |
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Szczecin has three shipyards ([[Stocznia Remontowa Gryfia]], [[Stocznia Pomerania]], [[Szczecin Shipyard|Stocznia Szczecińska]]), of which one is the biggest in Poland ([[Szczecin Shipyard|Stocznia Szczecińska]], which five years ago went bankrupt and was reinstated). It has a fishing industry and a steel mill. It is served by [[Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport]] and by the [[Port of Szczecin]], third biggest port of Poland. It is also home to several major companies. Among them is the major food producer [[Drobimex]], [[Polska Żegluga Morska|Polish Steamship Company]], producer of construction materials Komfort, Bosman brewery and [[Cefarm]] drug factory. It also houses several of the ''new business'' firms in the IT sector. |
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==Transportation== |
==Transportation== |
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The [[A6 autostrada (Poland)|A6]] motorway (recently upgraded) serves as the southern bypass of the city, and connects to the German [[Bundesautobahn 11|A11]] autobahn (portions of which are currently undergoing upgrade), from where one can reach Berlin in about 90 minutes (about 150 km). Road connections with the rest of Poland are of lower quality (no motorways), though the [[Expressway S3 (Poland)|Express Road S3]] that is currently under construction will begin to improve the situation after its stretch from Szczecin to [[Gorzów Wielkopolski]] is opened around 2010. Construction of Express Roads [[Expressway S6 (Poland)|S6]] and [[Expressway S11 (Poland)|S11]] which are to run east from Szczecin has also started, though these roads will not be fully completed until about 2015. |
The [[A6 autostrada (Poland)|A6]] motorway (recently upgraded) serves as the southern bypass of the city, and connects to the German [[Bundesautobahn 11|A11]] autobahn (portions of which are currently undergoing upgrade), from where one can reach Berlin in about 90 minutes (about 150 km). Road connections with the rest of Poland are of lower quality (no motorways), though the [[Expressway S3 (Poland)|Express Road S3]] that is currently under construction will begin to improve the situation after its stretch from Szczecin to [[Gorzów Wielkopolski]] is opened around 2010. Construction of Express Roads [[Expressway S6 (Poland)|S6]] and [[Expressway S11 (Poland)|S11]] which are to run east from Szczecin has also started, though these roads will not be fully completed until about 2015. |
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Szczecin has good railway connections with the rest of Poland, but it is connected by only two single track, non-electrified lines with Germany to the west (high quality double-track lines were degraded after 1945). Because of this, the rail connection between Berlin and Szczecin is much slower and less convenient than one would expect between two European cities of that size and proximity. |
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Szczecin is served by [[Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport]] which is 45 km northeast of the city. |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
Revision as of 13:07, 14 May 2009
- For other meanings, see Szczecin (disambiguation) and Stettin (disambiguation).
Szczecin | |
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Nickname: Floating Garden | |
Motto(s): "Szczecin jest otwarty" ("Szczecin is open") | |
Country | Poland |
Voivodeship | West Pomeranian |
County | city county |
Established | 8th century |
Town rights | 1243 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Piotr Krzystek |
Area | |
• City | 301 km2 (116 sq mi) |
Population (2007) | |
• City | 407,811 |
• Density | 1,400/km2 (3,500/sq mi) |
• Metro | 777,000 |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Postal code | PL-70-017 to 71-871 |
Area code | +48 91 |
Car plates | ZS |
Website | http://www.szczecin.pl |
Szczecin Template:IPAr (German: Stettin [ʃtɛˈtiːn] ; Kashubian: Sztetëno [ʂtɛˈtənɔ]; Latin: Stetinum) is the capital city of West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of the 2005 census the city had a total population of 420,638. In 2007 its population was 407,811.
Szczecin is located on the Oder River, south of the Lagoon of Szczecin and the Bay of Pomerania. The city is situated along the southwestern shore of Dąbie Lake, on both sides of Oder and on several large islands between western and eastern branch of the river. Szczecin borders with Police – seat of Police County – situated at an estuary of the Oder River.
The city is on the European Route of Brick Gothic.
Etymology
Professor Maria Malec in Etymological dictionary of geographical names of Poland writes that 11 theories regarding the origin of the name exist. According to her the most important theories are linking the name to the word Szczyt or Szczeć-the first being the name of a hill peak, the second being a description of grass or the personal name Szczota[1]
In Latin, the city is known as Stetinum. Early medieval sources show: Stetin 1133, Stetyn 1188, Priznoborus vir nobilis in Stetin, Symon nobilis Stettinensis 1234, in vico Stetin 1240, Barnim Dei gratia dux Pomeranorum... civitati nostri Stetin 1243, Stityn 1251, Sigillum Burgoncium de Stitin municipal seal of the 13th century.
Because Wartislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania founded the city of Neustettin (literally "New Stettin", now Szczecinek) in 1310, the original Szczecin was sometimes called "Old Szczecin" (Polish: Stary Szczecin; German: Altes Stettin).
History
The history of Szczecin began in the 8th century, when West Slavs settled Pomerania and erected a stronghold, later with an adjacent settlement, on the site of the modern castle. Mieszko I of Poland subdued some Pomeranian regions in the late 10th century, but not the lower Oder region.[2][3]
After the decline of neighboring regional center Wolin in the 12th century, Szczecin became one of the more important and powerful seaports of the Baltic Sea south coasts. In the winter of 1121/22, the burgh under local duke Wartislaw I was subjugated by Boleslaus III of Poland and its inhabitants converted to Christianity due to two missions of bishop Otto of Bamberg in 1124 and 1128. At this time, the first Christian church of St. Peter and Paul was erected. Wartislaw managed to expand his realm westward, thereby forming the territorial body of the later Duchy of Pomerania.
This period of Polish feudal sovereignty ended soon. The 1147 siege during the Wendish Crusade of the Duchy of Saxony with Polish participation did not result in subjugation.[4]
In the second half of the 12th century, a group of German tradesmen (from various parts of the Holy Roman Empire) settled in the city around St. Jacob's Church, which was founded by Beringer, a trader from Bamberg, and consecrated in 1187.[5] After the 1164 Verchen battle, Stettin duke Bogislaw I became a vassal of the Saxony[6]. In 1173, Stettin castellan Wartislaw II could not resist a Danish attack and became vassal of Denmark.[6] In 1181, duke Bogislaw I of Stettin became a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire.[7] From 1185 to 1227, Stettin dukes were again vassals of Denmark.[7]
German settlement (Ostsiedlung) accelerated in Pomerania during the 13th century.[8] Duke Barnim of Pomerania granted a local government charter to this community in 1237, separating the German settlement from the Slavic community settled around the St. Nicholas Church (in the neighborhood of Kessin (Polish: Chyzin). When Barnim granted Stettin Magdeburg Law in 1243, the old Slavic settlement with its burgh was included within the city limits, which is exceptional for Pomeranian towns usually not comprising former Slavic settlements or burghs, though sometimes founded in close proximity.[9] The former Slavic settlement was dissolved when after the town was placed under German town law the duke had to promise to level the burgh in 1249[10] and most Slavic inhabitants were resettled to two new suburbia (German: Wieken) north and south of the town.[11]
Stettin joined the Hanseatic League in 1278. In 1570, a congress was held at Stettin ending the Northern Seven Years' War.
The last Griffin duke, Bogislaw XIV died when the duchy was made a party in the Thirty Years' War. Since the Treaty of Stettin of 1630, the town along with most of Pomerania was allied to and occupied by the Swedish Empire, who managed to keep the western parts of Pomerania after the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, despite the protests of Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg, who had a legal claim to inherit all of Pomerania. The exact partition of Pomerania between Sweden and Brandenburg was settled in Stettin in 1653. In 1720, after the Great Northern War, the Swedes were forced to cede the city to King Frederick William I of Prussia. Stettin developed into a major Prussian city and became part of the Prussian-led German Empire in 1871. In 1939 Stettin had about 400,000 inhabitants. It was Germany's third-biggest seaport (after Hamburg and Bremen) and was of great importance for the supply and trade of Berlin. Cars of the Stoewer automobile company were produced in Stettin from 1899 - 1945.
In 1935 the German Wehrmacht made Stettin the headquarters for Wehrkreis II, which controlled the military units in all of Mecklenburg and Pomerania. It was also the Area Headquarters for units stationed at Stettin I and II; Swinemünde; Greifswald; and Stralsund.
After the war a monument of Three Eagles was cosntructed-to commorate three generations of Szczecin Poles-the pre-war Polonia, the pioneers who rebuilt the city after destruction it suffered during the German made war, and the modern generation which lives in the city. During the 1939 invasion of Poland, which started World War II in Europe, Stettin was the base for the German 2nd Motorized Infantry Division, which cut across the Polish Corridor.
In February 1940 Jews of Szczecin were expelled from the city, the situation was remarkable as foreign journalists in the city were able to observe this situation. Press reports emerged writing how the Nazis forced Jews regardless of age, condition and gender to sign away all property-including wedding rings-and loaded on trains escorted by SA and SS. Due to publicity of the event, German institutions ordered such actions in the future to be made in a way not arousing public notice[12].
Allied air raids in 1944 and heavy fighting between the German and Soviet armies destroyed 65% of Stettin's buildings and almost all of the city centre, seaport and industries.
The Soviet Red Army captured the city on 26 April 1945. Many of the city's inhabitants fled before its capture, and Stettin was virtually deserted when it fell. In the following month the city was handed over to Polish administration three times, permanently on 5 July 1945. In the meantime part of the German population had returned, believing it might become part of the Soviet occupation zone in Germany. Stettin is located mostly west of the Oder river, which was considered to become Poland's new border. However, Stettin and the mouth of the Oder River (German: Stettiner Zipfel), also became Polish.
The Polish authorities were led by Piotr Zaremba. Many of the remaining Germans were forced to work in Soviet military camps that were outside of Polish jurisdiction. In the early 1950s, most of Stettin's Germans were expelled from the city, although there was a significant German minority for the next 10 years.[citation needed]
In 1945 the Polish community in Stettin consisted of forced laborers from the General government. The city's German population was forcibly expelled and Stettin was resettled with Poles. Additional Poles were moved to the city from Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union. This settlement process was coordinated by the city of Poznań, and Stettin's name was changed to the Polish name Szczecin. In 1947, after Operation Vistula, a significant number of Ukrainians came to Szczecin, having been forced by the Communist government to leave eastern Poland.
The new citizens of Szczecin rebuilt and extended the city's industry and industrial areas, as well as its cultural heritage, although efforts were hampered by the authorities of Communist Poland. Szczecin became a major industrial centre for Poland, as well as an important seaport for Poland (especially for Silesian coal), Czechoslovakia, and East Germany. The city witnessed anti-communist revolts in 1970 and 1980 and participated in the growth of the Solidarity movement during the 1980s. Since 1999 Szczecin has been the capital of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Architecture and urban planning
Szczecin's architectural style is mainly influenced by those of the last half of the 19th century and the first years of the 20th century: Academic art and Art Nouveau. In many areas built after 1945, especially in the city centre, which had been destroyed due to Allied bombing, social realism is prevalent.
Urban planning of Szczecin is unusual. The first thing observed by a newcomer is abundance of green areas: parks and avenues– wide streets with trees planted in the island separating opposite traffic (where often tram tracks are laid); and roundabouts. This makes Szczecin's city project quite similar to that of Paris. The reason is, Szczecin (like Paris) was rebuilt in the 1880s using a design by Georges-Eugène Haussmann.
This course of designing streets in Szczecin is still used, as many recently built (or modified) city areas include roundabouts and avenues.
Within Szczecin's boundaries is part of the protected area called Szczecin Landscape Park in the forest of Puszcza Bukowa.
Szczecin harbour and Oder River panorama
Municipal administration
The city is administratively divided into boroughs (Polish: dzielnica), which are further divided into smaller neighbourhoods. The governing bodies of the latter serve the role of auxiliary local government bodies called Neighborhood Councils (Polish: Rady Osiedla). Elections for Neighborhood Councils are held up to six months after each City Council elections. Attendance is rather low (on 20 May 2007 it ranged from 1.03% to 27.75% and was 3.78% on average). Councillors are responsible mostly for small infrastructure like trees, park benches, playgrounds, etc. Other functions are mostly advisory. Official list of districts
Dzielnica Śródmieście (City Centre) Centrum, Drzetowo-Grabowo, Łękno, Międzyodrze-Wyspa Pucka, Niebuszewo-Bolinko, Nowe Miasto, Stare Miasto, Śródmieście Północ, Śródmieście-Zachód, Turzyn.
Dzielnica Północ (North) Bukowo, Golęcino-Gocław, Niebuszewo, Skolwin, Stołczyn, Warszewo, Żelechowa.
Dzielnica Zachód (West) Głębokie-Pilchowo, Gumieńce, Krzekowo-Bezrzecze, os.Arkońskie-Niemierzyn, Osów, Pogodno, Pomorzany, Świerczewo, os.Zawadzkiego-Klonowica.
Dzielnica Prawobrzeże (Right-Bank) Bukowe-Klęskowo, Dąbie, Majowe-Kijewo, Płonia-Śmierdnica-Jezierzyce, Podjuchy, os.Słoneczne, Wielgowo-Sławociesze, Załom, Zdroje, Żydowce-Klucz.
Other historical neigbourhoods
Babin, Barnucin, Basen Górniczy, Błędów, Boleszyce, Bystrzyk, Cieszyce, Cieśnik, Dolina, Drzetowo, Dunikowo, Glinki, Grabowo, Jezierzyce, Kaliny, Kępa Barnicka, Kijewko, Kluczewko, Kłobucko, Kniewo, Kraśnica, Krzekoszów, Lotnisko, Łasztownia, Niemierzyn, Odolany, Oleszna, Podbórz, Port, os.Przyjaźni, Rogatka, Rudnik, Sienna, Skoki, Słowieńsko, Sosnówko, Starków, Stoki, Struga, Śmierdnica, os.Świerczewskie, Trzebusz, Urok, Widok, Zdunowo.
Historical population
- 12th century: 5,000 inhabitants
- 1709: 6,000 inhabitants[13]
- 1711: 4,000 inhabitants (Black Death)[13]
- 1720: 6,000 inhabitants
- 1740: 12,300 inhabitants
- 1816: 21,500 inhabitants
- 1816: 26,000 inhabitants[14]
- 1843: 37,100 inhabitants
- 1861: 58,500 inhabitants
- 1872: 76,000 inhabitants
- 1875: 80,972 inhabitants[15]
- 1890: 116,228 inhabitants[1][15]
- 1900: 210,680 inhabitants (including amalgated suburbs)[2]
- 1910: 236,113 inhabitants[3][15]
- 1939: 382,000 inhabitants
- 1945: 260,000 inhabitants (German population largely expelled, plus war losses.)
- 1950: 180,000 inhabitants (drop due to continuing expulsions of Germans)
- 1960: 269,400 inhabitants (settling of Poles)
- 1970: 338,000 inhabitants
- 1975: 369,700 inhabitants
- 1980: 388,300 inhabitants
- 1990: 412.600 inhabitants
- 1995: 418.156 inhabitants
- 2000: 415,748 inhabitants
- 2002: 415,117 inhabitants
- 2003: 414,032 inhabitants
- 2004: 411,900 inhabitants
- 2005: 411,119 inhabitants
- 2007: 407,811 inhabitants
Members of European Parliament (MEPs) from Szczecin
- Zdzisław Chmielewski, PO, historian, former rector of University of Szczecin.
- Bogusław Liberadzki, SLD-UP, economist, minister of transport.
- Sylwester Chruszcz, LPR, architect and politician, elected in Silesian constituency, but lives in Szczecin.
Economy
Szczecin has three shipyards (Stocznia Remontowa Gryfia, Stocznia Pomerania, Stocznia Szczecińska), of which one is the biggest in Poland (Stocznia Szczecińska, which five years ago went bankrupt and was reinstated). It has a fishing industry and a steel mill. It is served by Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport and by the Port of Szczecin, third biggest port of Poland. It is also home to several major companies. Among them is the major food producer Drobimex, Polish Steamship Company, producer of construction materials Komfort, Bosman brewery and Cefarm drug factory. It also houses several of the new business firms in the IT sector.
Transportation
There is a popular public transit system operating throughout Szczecin including a bus network and electric trams.
The A6 motorway (recently upgraded) serves as the southern bypass of the city, and connects to the German A11 autobahn (portions of which are currently undergoing upgrade), from where one can reach Berlin in about 90 minutes (about 150 km). Road connections with the rest of Poland are of lower quality (no motorways), though the Express Road S3 that is currently under construction will begin to improve the situation after its stretch from Szczecin to Gorzów Wielkopolski is opened around 2010. Construction of Express Roads S6 and S11 which are to run east from Szczecin has also started, though these roads will not be fully completed until about 2015.
Szczecin has good railway connections with the rest of Poland, but it is connected by only two single track, non-electrified lines with Germany to the west (high quality double-track lines were degraded after 1945). Because of this, the rail connection between Berlin and Szczecin is much slower and less convenient than one would expect between two European cities of that size and proximity.
Szczecin is served by Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport which is 45 km northeast of the city.
Culture
Major cultural events in Szczecin are:
- Days of the Sea (Polish Dni Morza) held every June.
- Street Artists' Festival (Polish Festiwal Artystów Ulicy) held every July.
- Days of The Ukrainian Culture (Polish Dni Kultury Ukraińskiej) held every May.
- Air show on Dabie airport held every May.
Museums
- National Museum in Szczecin (Polish Muzeum Narodowe w Szczecinie) collects arts, old jewelry, military equipment. It has three branches:
- Museum of the City of Szczecin (Polish Muzeum Miasta Szczecina).
- Maritime Museum (Polish Muzeum Morskie).
- Gallery of Contemporary Arts (Polish Galeria Sztuki Współczesnej).
- Museum of the Szczecin Archidiocese (Polish Muzeum Archidiecezjalne w Szczecinie) collects sacral arts and historical documents.
- EUREKA - the miracles of science. EUREKA
Arts and entertainment
- Bismarck tower Szczecin
- Kana Theatre (Polish Teatr Kana)
- Modern Theatre (Polish Teatr Współczesny)
- Opera in the Castle (Polish Opera na Zamku)
- Polish Theatre (Polish Teatr Polski)
- (ruins of) The Quistorp's Tower (Polish Wieża Quistorpa, German Quistorpturm)
- The Pomeranian Dukes' Castle in Szczecin (Polish Zamek Książąt Pomorskich w Szczecinie)
- The Castle Cinema (Polish Kino Zamek)
- The Cellar by the Vault Cabaret (Polish Kabaret Piwnica przy Krypcie)
- The Crypt Theatre (Polish Teatr Krypta)
Education and science
- University of Szczecin (Polish Uniwersytet Szczeciński) with 35.000 students, rector Zdzisław Chmielewski
- West Pomeranian University of Technology (Polish: Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny)
- Pomeranian Medical University (Polish Pomorska Akademia Medyczna)
- Branch of Academy of Music in Poznań (Polish Akademia Muzyczna w Poznaniu)
- Maritime University of Szczecin (Polish Akademia Morska w Szczecinie)
- The West Pomeranian Business School (Polish Zachodniopomorska Szkoła Biznesu)
- Higher School of Public Administration in Szczecin (Polish Wyższa Szkoła Administracji Publicznej w Szczecinie)
- High Theological Seminary in Szczecin (Polish Arcybiskupie Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne w Szczecinie)
- Higher School of Applied Arts (Polish Wyższa Szkoła Sztuki Użytkowej)
- Academy of European Integration (Polish Wyższa Szkoła Integracji Europejskiej)
- Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Turystyczna
- Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczna TWP
- Wyższa Szkoła Języków Obcych
- Wyższa Szkoła Techniczno-Ekonomiczna
- Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa- Collegium Balticum
- Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa "OECONOMICUS" PTE
- Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania
Scientific and regional organizations
- Western Pomeranian Institute (Polish Instytut Zachodnio-Pomorski)
- Szczecin Scientific Society (Polish Szczecińskie Towarzystwo Naukowe)
Sports
There are many popular professional sports team in Szczecin area. The most popular sport today is probably football (thanks to Pogoń Szczecin just promoted to play in the 1st league in season 2004/2005). Amateur sports are played by thousands of Szczecin citizens and also in schools of all levels (elementary, secondary, university).
Professional teams
- Pogoń Szczecin - football team (2nd league in season 2008/2009)
- Arkonia Szczecin - football team (5th league in season 2008/2009)
- Pogoń II Szczecin - 2nd Pogoń football team (regional 6th league in season 2008/2009)
- KS Stal Szczecin - 15 youth and junior teams, 1 senior, being in 4th regional league in season 2008/2009
- Pogoń '04 Szczecin - futsal team (1st league of Polish futsal in season 2008/2009)
- KS Piast Szczecin - women's volleyball team, (Seria A in season 2003/2004 and 2004/2005)
- Pogoń Handball Szczecin - handball men and women teams playing in 2nd Polish Handball League
- Wicher Warszewo - futsal team playing in Środowiskowa Liga Futsalu (Futsal League) - 2 regional Futsal League: 2th place in 2006/2007 season - promotion in the first regional Futsal League
- Husaria Szczecin - American football team playing in Polish American Football League
Amateur leagues
- Halowa Amatorska Liga Pilkarska - Hall Amateur Football League [4]
- Halowa Liga Pilki Noznej- Hall Football League
- Szczecinska Liga Amatorskiej Koszykowki - Szczecin Amateur Basketball League [5]
- Szczecinska Amatorska Liga Pilki Siatkowej - Szczecin Amateur Volleyball League [6] - women league, 1st, 2nd and 3rd men league
- Elita Professional Sport - Elita Hall Football League [7] - 1st and 2nd league, futsal cup
- Kaskada Szczecin Rugby Club - club rugby [8] - 7 and 15 league, rugby cup
Twin towns - Sister cities
The twin towns and sister cities of Szczecin are:
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Famous residents
Before 1945
- Ernst Bader, 7 June 1914, - 10 August 1999 (actor and songwriter)
- Johannes Theodor Baargeld, 9 October 1892 - 16 August or 17, 1927, (painter and poet)
- Max Berg, 17 April 1870 - 22 January 1947, (Architect)
- Michael Bürsch, b. 3 June 1942 (Politician )
- Catherine the Great (1729-1796), empress of Russia, born in Stettin in 1729
- Heinrich Philipp August Damerow (1798 - 1866), psychiatrist
- Helga Deen, 6 April 1925 - 16 July 1943
- Alfred Döblin (1878-1957), writer
- Carl August Dohrn (1806–1892), entomologist
- Felix Anton Dohrn, 29 September 1840 - 26 September 1909, first director of the Stazione Zoologica, Naples, Italy.
- Sophie Marie Dorothea Auguste Louise of Württemberg (1759-1828), the second wife of Tsar Paul I of Russia
- Fritz Gerlich, 15 February 1883 - 30 June 1934, journalist
- Heinrich George (1893-1946), actor born in Stettin on 9 October 1893
- Otto von Gierke, 11 January 1841 - 10 October 1921, historian
- Friedrich Gilly (1772-1800), architect
- Wolf Gold (1889-1956), rabbi
- Hermann Günther Grassmann (1809-1877) mathematician, physicist, linguist, scholar, and neohumanist
- Oscar Hammerstein I (1847-1919), artist
- Carl Gustav Friedrich Hasselbach (1809-1882), mayor of Magdeburg
- Theodor Hildebrandt, 2 July 1804 - 1874, painter
- Michael Holm, 29 July 1943, singer and songwriter
- Leon Jessel, 22 January 1871 - 4 January 1942, composer
- Knut Kiesewetter, born 13 September 1941, musician
- Franz Theodor Kugler, 19 January 1808 - 18 March 1858, art historian
- Kurt Kuhnke (1910—1969), motorcyclist
- Monika Lennartz (born in 1938), actress with the Maxim Gorki Theater in Berlin
- Carl Loewe (1796–1869) composer, lived in Stettin
- Traugott Konstantin Oesterreich (1880-1949), religious parapsychologist and philosopher
- Wolfhart Pannenberg (born 1928), Christian theologian
- Dita Parlo, 4 September 1906 - 13 December 1971, film actress
- Robert Prutz, 30 May 1816 - 21 June 1872, poet
- Franz San Galli (1824-1908), inventor of radiator (central heating system)
- Werner Seelenbinder, 2 August 1904 - 24 October 1944, politician
- Manfred Stolpe (born 1936), former Prime Minister of Brandenburg and Federal Minister in the government of Gerhard Schröder (2002-2005)
- Carl Ludwig Schleich (1859-1922), author
- Christian Tomuschat (born 1936), expert in international law, professor at the Humboldt University of Berlin
- Hans Heinrich von Twardowski, 5 May 1898 – 19 November 1958, film actor
- Friedrich Graf von Wrangel (1784-1877), Prussian Field Marshal
- Ernst Zitelmann, 7 August 1852 - 28 November 1923, jurist
After 1945
- Chava Alberstein (*1947), Israeli female singer and composer of songs
- Piotr Andrejew (*1947), Polish screenwriter and film director, born in Szczecin
- Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński (1905-1953)
- Janusz Kijowski, (*1947) film director, born in Szczecin
- Ryszard Kotla (*1947) historian, travel writer, journalist, engineer, born in Szczecin-Dąbie
- Wojciech Kulikowski artist (1954)
- Kasia Nosowska (*1971), singer of Szczecin-based rock band Hey
- Radoslaw Majdan Poland National Goalkeeper
- Grzegorz Mroz (*18 December 1983)
- Klaudia Ungerman (*1988), Miss Poland 2008
- Jerzy Zielinski (*1950) Polish cinematographer active in Hollywood, born on 8 January 1950 in Szczecin
Footnotes
- ^ Słownik etymologiczny nazw geograficznych Polski Profesor Maria Malec PWN 2003
- ^ Jan M Piskorski, Pommern im Wandel der Zeit, 1999, pp.31,32, ISBN 839061848
- ^ Paul W. Knoll, Frank Schaer, annotaded Gesta Principum Polonorum: The Deeds of the Princes of the Poles by Gallus, Central European University Press, 2003, p.32, ISBN 9639241407
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.30, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.43, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ a b Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.34, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ a b Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.35, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.43ff, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.75, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.83, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.84, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ The Origins of the Final Solution Christopher R. Browning, Jürgen Matthäus page 64 University of Nebraska Press, 2007
- ^ a b Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.532, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.416, ISBN 3886802728
- ^ a b c Werner Buchholz, Pommern, Siedler, 1999, p.534, ISBN 3886802728
See also
- Towns near Szczecin: Stargard Szczeciński, Police, Poland, Gryfino, Goleniów, Pyrzyce, Cedynia, Chojna, Mieszkowice, Moryń, Trzcińsko-Zdrój, Nowe Warpno, Penkun (Germany), Pasewalk (Germany), Eggesin (Germany), Gartz (Germany)
- Villages near Szczecin: Kolbacz, Przęsocin, Kołbaskowo
- Szczecin Lagoon
- Wkrzanska Forest
Publications
- W. H. Meyer, Stettin in alter und neuer Zeit (Stettin, 1887)
- Jan M. Piskorski, Bogdan Wachowiak, Edward Włodarczyk: A short history of Szczecin, Poznań 2002, ISBN 83-7063-332-3.
External links
A portal for Old Szczecin (Stettin) enthusiasts