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Throughout its history Rosenberg, [[Prussia]] (German to English translation: rose hill) carried a rose in its coat of arms. |
Throughout its history Rosenberg, [[Prussia]] (German to English translation: rose hill) carried a rose in its coat of arms. |
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The town was founded around 1305 by the cathedral chapter of [[Pomesania]] and remained in its possession until 1525.<ref name="HHS" /> During the time span 1532–1817 it had the status of a mediate town ({{lang de|Mediatstadt}}) and it was the seat of several feudal lords.<ref name="HHS" /> The parish church, located at the south-eastern corner of the town, existed already in 1315; its altar house rests on a pedestal made from boulder.<ref name="HHS" /> The town wall formed nearly a circle, it had three gates and was still in 1810 equipped with 18 watch-towers.<ref name="HHS" /> The estate of the prependaries had been located outside of the town wall at the southern side of the town.<ref name="HHS" /> In 1400 the town was destroyed almost entirely by fire and the same happened again in 1709, after [[Black Death]] had spreaded in the town.<ref name="JFG" /> |
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In 1789 the town had 155 households (''Feuerstellen''), and 101 houses, among which the municipal acres were distributed, were in possession of a brewery licence. The inhabitants of the town lived mainly from agriculture.<ref name="HHS" /> In 1815 Rosenberg became chief town (''Kreisstadt'') of a rural district; a main road was built since 1845, and in 1876 the town was connected to railway.<ref name="HHS" /> |
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Around 1900 Rosenberg had a Protestant church, a Catholic church and a synagogue. |
Around 1900 Rosenberg had a Protestant church, a Catholic church and a synagogue. |
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! Remarks |
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| 1789 || align="right" | 781 || mostly Protestants, inhabitants speak both German and Polish<ref name="JFG">[[Johann Friedrich Goldbeck]]: ''Volständige Topographie des Königreichs Preussen''. Part II: ''Topographie von West-Preussen'', Marienwerder 1789, [http://books.google.de/books?id=SQw_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA10, p. 10, no. 7.]</ref> |
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| 1829 || align="right" | 1,570{{cn|date=April 2013}} || |
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| 1829 || align="right" | 1,570<ref name="HHS" >[[Udo Arnold]], ed.: ''Handbuch der historischen Stätten: Ost und Westpreußen'', Kröner, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-520-31701-X, p. 191.</ref> || |
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| 1831 || align="right" | 1,295<ref name="AEP" >August Eduard Preuß: ''Preußische Landes- und Volkskunde''. Königsberg 1835, [http://books.google.de/books?id=L_sAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA440 p. 440, no. 56.]</ref> || |
| 1831 || align="right" | 1,295<ref name="AEP" >August Eduard Preuß: ''Preußische Landes- und Volkskunde''. Königsberg 1835, [http://books.google.de/books?id=L_sAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA440 p. 440, no. 56.]</ref> || |
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| 1880 || align="right" | 3,044<ref name="VWG" /> || |
| 1880 || align="right" | 3,044<ref name="VWG" /> || |
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| 1885 || align="right" | 3,055 || |
| 1885 || align="right" | 3,055<ref name="HHS" /> || |
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| 1890 || align="right" | 2,909 || incl. 206 Catholics and 20 Jews<ref name="VWG" >Michael Rademacher: ''[http://www.verwaltungsgeschichte.de/rosenberg_op.html Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Provinz Westpreußen, Kreis Rosenberg]'' (2006).</ref> |
| 1890 || align="right" | 2,909 || incl. 206 Catholics and 20 Jews<ref name="VWG" >Michael Rademacher: ''[http://www.verwaltungsgeschichte.de/rosenberg_op.html Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Provinz Westpreußen, Kreis Rosenberg]'' (2006).</ref> |
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| 1905 || align="right" | 3,259 || incl. 2,933 Protestants, 253 Catholics, eight other Christians and 65 Jews. |
| 1905 || align="right" | 3,259 || incl. 2,933 Protestants, 253 Catholics, eight other Christians and 65 Jews.<ref name="HHS" /> |
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| 1925 || align="right" | 3,280 || mostly Protestants<ref>''Der Große Brockhaus'', 15th edition, Vol. 16, Leipzig 1933, pp. 101–102.</ref> |
| 1925 || align="right" | 3,280 || mostly Protestants<ref>''Der Große Brockhaus'', 15th edition, Vol. 16, Leipzig 1933, pp. 101–102.</ref> |
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| 1939 || align="right" | 4,481<ref name="VWG" /> || |
| 1939 || align="right" | 4,481<ref name="VWG" /> || |
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| 1943 || align="right" | 4,440 || |
| 1943 || align="right" | 4,440<ref name="HHS" /> || |
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| 2006 || align="right" | 5,610 || |
| 2006 || align="right" | 5,610 || |
Revision as of 10:59, 6 May 2013
Susz | |
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Country | Poland |
Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
County | Iława |
Gmina | Susz |
Area | |
• Total | 6.67 km2 (2.58 sq mi) |
Population (2006) | |
• Total | 5,610 |
• Density | 840/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
Postal code | 14-240 |
Website | http://www.susz.pl |
Susz [suʂ] (German: Rosenberg in Westpreußen) is a town in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 5,600 inhabitants (2004).
Geographical location
Susz is located about 26 kilometers east of Kwidzyn, 48 kilometers south of Elbląg and 130 kilometers south-west of Kaliningrad at an altitude of 114 meters above sea level.
History
Throughout its history Rosenberg, Prussia (German to English translation: rose hill) carried a rose in its coat of arms.
The town was founded around 1305 by the cathedral chapter of Pomesania and remained in its possession until 1525.[1] During the time span 1532–1817 it had the status of a mediate town (German: Mediatstadt) and it was the seat of several feudal lords.[1] The parish church, located at the south-eastern corner of the town, existed already in 1315; its altar house rests on a pedestal made from boulder.[1] The town wall formed nearly a circle, it had three gates and was still in 1810 equipped with 18 watch-towers.[1] The estate of the prependaries had been located outside of the town wall at the southern side of the town.[1] In 1400 the town was destroyed almost entirely by fire and the same happened again in 1709, after Black Death had spreaded in the town.[2]
In 1789 the town had 155 households (Feuerstellen), and 101 houses, among which the municipal acres were distributed, were in possession of a brewery licence. The inhabitants of the town lived mainly from agriculture.[1] In 1815 Rosenberg became chief town (Kreisstadt) of a rural district; a main road was built since 1845, and in 1876 the town was connected to railway.[1]
Around 1900 Rosenberg had a Protestant church, a Catholic church and a synagogue.
When after World War I the regulations of the Treaty of Versailles became effective in January 1920, the Polish Corridor was installed on German territory not far away from the town. The inhabitants were asked whether they wanted to remain in Germany or join the new Second Polish Republic by the Warmia and Masuria plebiscite on July 11, 1920. 33,498 voted to remain in Germany, 1.073 voted for Poland. Based on that result Rosenberg was included in the Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder within East Prussia. From October 26, 1939, till 1945 Rosenberg was part of Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder in the province of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. During World War II Rosenberg was occupied by the Red Army. After the end of war, the town was placed under administration of the People's Republic of Poland under its Polish name Susz.
After the towm had been put under Polish administration almost all German inhabitants who had remained in the town or had returned were expelled.
Number of inhabitants by year
Year | Number | Remarks |
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1789 | 781 | mostly Protestants, inhabitants speak both German and Polish[2] |
1829 | 1,570[1] | |
1831 | 1,295[3] | |
1875 | 3,081[4] | |
1880 | 3,044[4] | |
1885 | 3,055[1] | |
1890 | 2,909 | incl. 206 Catholics and 20 Jews[4] |
1905 | 3,259 | incl. 2,933 Protestants, 253 Catholics, eight other Christians and 65 Jews.[1] |
1925 | 3,280 | mostly Protestants[5] |
1933 | 3,822[4] | |
1939 | 4,481[4] | |
1943 | 4,440[1] | |
2006 | 5,610 |
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Udo Arnold, ed.: Handbuch der historischen Stätten: Ost und Westpreußen, Kröner, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-520-31701-X, p. 191.
- ^ a b Johann Friedrich Goldbeck: Volständige Topographie des Königreichs Preussen. Part II: Topographie von West-Preussen, Marienwerder 1789, p. 10, no. 7.
- ^ August Eduard Preuß: Preußische Landes- und Volkskunde. Königsberg 1835, p. 440, no. 56.
- ^ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Provinz Westpreußen, Kreis Rosenberg (2006).
- ^ Der Große Brockhaus, 15th edition, Vol. 16, Leipzig 1933, pp. 101–102.