203.194.104.52 (talk) No edit summary Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
Classicwiki (talk | contribs) →External links: update Tag: 2017 wikitext editor |
||
(42 intermediate revisions by 28 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{short description| |
{{short description|Former prime minister of Nepal (1939–2016)}} |
||
{{Infobox officeholder |
{{Infobox officeholder |
||
| honorific_prefix = [[Rastra Gaurav Man Padavi|Rastra Gaurav]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
| |
| name = Sushil Prasad Koirala |
||
| native_name = {{nobold|सुशील प्रसाद कोइराला}} |
|||
| image = Sushil Koirala 2010-04-15.jpg |
|||
⚫ | |||
| office = 37th [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] |
| office = 37th [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] |
||
| president = [[Ram Baran Yadav]] |
| president = [[Ram Baran Yadav]] |
||
| term_start = 11 February 2014 |
| term_start = 11 February 2014 |
||
| term_end = |
| term_end = 11 October 2015 |
||
| predecessor = [[Khil Raj Regmi]] {{small|(Acting)}} |
| predecessor = [[Khil Raj Regmi]] {{small|(Acting)}} |
||
| successor = [[Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli]] |
| successor = [[Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli]] |
||
Line 24: | Line 25: | ||
| term_end3 = 2008 |
| term_end3 = 2008 |
||
| predecessor3 = Shanti SJB Rana |
| predecessor3 = Shanti SJB Rana |
||
| successor3 = [[Mohammad Estiyak Rai]]<br>{{small|(as member of the [[1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly]])}} |
| successor3 = [[Mohammad Estiyak Rai]]<br />{{small|(as member of the [[1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly]])}} |
||
| office4 = Member of the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly / Legislature Parliament]] |
| office4 = Member of the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly / Legislature Parliament]] |
||
| term_start4 = 21 January 2014 |
| term_start4 = 21 January 2014 |
||
| term_end4 = 9 February 2016 |
| term_end4 = 9 February 2016 |
||
| predecessor4 = [[Sarbadev Ojha|Sarbadev Prasad Ojha]] |
| predecessor4 = [[Sarbadev Ojha|Sarbadev Prasad Ojha]] |
||
| successor4 = [[Nanda Lal Roka Chhetri]]<br>{{small|(as member of the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]])}} |
| successor4 = [[Nanda Lal Roka Chhetri]]<br />{{small|(as member of the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]])}} |
||
| constituency4 = [[Banke 3 (constituency)|Banke–3]] |
| constituency4 = [[Banke 3 (constituency)|Banke–3]] |
||
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1939|08|12|}} |
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1939|08|12|}} |
||
| birth_place = [[Biratnagar]], [[Kingdom of |
| birth_place = [[Biratnagar]], [[Kingdom of Nepal]] |
||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|02|09|1939|08|12|df=y}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|02|09|1939|08|12|df=y}} |
||
| death_place = [[Kathmandu]], [[Nepal]] |
| death_place = [[Kathmandu]], [[Nepal]] |
||
Line 38: | Line 39: | ||
| nationality = Nepali |
| nationality = Nepali |
||
| smallimage = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/] |
| smallimage = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/] |
||
| parents = Bodh Prasad Koirala {{small|(father)}}<br>Kumudini Koirala {{small|(mother)}} |
| parents = Bodh Prasad Koirala {{small|(father)}}<br />Kumudini Koirala {{small|(mother)}} |
||
| nickname = ''Sushil Da'' {{small|({{Lang-ne|सुशील दा}})}} |
| nickname = ''Sushil Da'' {{small|({{Lang-ne|सुशील दा}})}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Sushil Koirala''' ({{Lang-ne|सुशील कोइराला}}; 12 August 1931 – 9 February 2016) was a [[Nepalis|Nepalese]] politician and the [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Koirala elected new PM|url=http://ekantipur.com/2014/02/10/top-story/koirala-elected-new-pm/385172.html|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref> He was also President of the [[Nepali Congress]] from 2010 to 2016, having earlier served under various capacities in the party.<ref name="Resume">{{cite web|title=Personal Resume|url=http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|publisher=[[Nepali Congress]]|access-date=10 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321163024/http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|archive-date=21 March 2012}}</ref> |
'''Sushil Prasad Koirala''' ({{Lang-ne|सुशील कोइराला}}; 12 August 1931 – 9 February 2016) was a [[Nepalis|Nepalese]] politician and the [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Koirala elected new PM|url=http://ekantipur.com/2014/02/10/top-story/koirala-elected-new-pm/385172.html|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|access-date=10 February 2016|archive-date=2 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302040505/http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/02/10/top-story/koirala-elected-new-pm/385172.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was also President of the [[Nepali Congress]] from 2010 to 2016, having earlier served under various capacities in the party.<ref name="Resume">{{cite web|title=Personal Resume|url=http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|publisher=[[Nepali Congress]]|access-date=10 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321163024/http://www.nepalicongressoffice.org.np/Bio-data/Sushil%20Koirala.htm|archive-date=21 March 2012}}</ref> |
||
==Early life== |
==Early life== |
||
Koirala was born to Bodh Prasad and Kumudini Koirala on 12 August 1939 in [[Biratnagar]], second-largest city of Nepal.<ref name=Resume/> A member of the politically prominent [[Koirala family]], he was the cousin of former prime ministers [[Matrika Prasad Koirala]], [[B. P. Koirala|Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala]] and [[Girija Prasad Koirala]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Parashar|first1=Utpal|title=Nepali Congress looks at future without a Koirala at its helm|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/nepali-congress-looks-at-future-without-a-koirala-at-its-helm/story-n2uXKRofDi6fHDmN0hKnKN.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> |
Koirala was born to Bodh Prasad and Kumudini Koirala on 12 August 1939 in [[Biratnagar]], second-largest city of Nepal.<ref name=Resume/> A member of the politically prominent [[Koirala family]], he was the cousin (his mother was the sister of [[Krishna Prasad Koirala]]'s wife) of former prime ministers [[Matrika Prasad Koirala]], [[B. P. Koirala|Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala]] and [[Girija Prasad Koirala]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Parashar|first1=Utpal|title=Nepali Congress looks at future without a Koirala at its helm|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/nepali-congress-looks-at-future-without-a-koirala-at-its-helm/story-n2uXKRofDi6fHDmN0hKnKN.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> |
||
==Political career== |
==Political career== |
||
Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the [[Nepali Congress]]. In 1958, he keenly participated in ''Bhadra Abagya Aandalon'' (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw [[B. P. Koirala|Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala]] become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, [[Mahendra of Nepal|King Mahendra]] planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled the elected government led by B.P. Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the [[Nepali Congress]] to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the [[ |
Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the [[Nepali Congress]]. In 1958, he keenly participated in ''Bhadra Abagya Aandalon'' (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw [[B. P. Koirala|Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala]] become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, [[Mahendra of Nepal|King Mahendra]] planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled the elected government led by B.P. Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the [[Nepali Congress]] to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the [[1960 Nepal coup d'état|royal takeover]] of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in [[1973 Nepal plane hijack|a plane hijacking in 1973]].<ref name=kath/> While in exile, Koirala was the editor of ''Tarun'' in [[Varanasi]], the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998. |
||
In 2001, he lost the leadership ballot for Nepali Congress' parliamentary party to former prime minister [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]. Koirala was appointed acting president of the party in 2008 by president [[Girija Prasad Koirala]]. The [[12th General Convention of the Nepali Congress|12th general convention]] of the Nepali Congress, on 22 September 2010, elected him party president.<ref name=kath>{{cite news|last1=Bhattarai|first1=Kamal Dev|title=ADIOS SUSHIL DA (1939-2016)|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-02-10/adios-sushil-da-1939-2016.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> |
In 2001, he lost the leadership ballot for Nepali Congress' parliamentary party to former prime minister [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]. Koirala was appointed acting president of the party in 2008 by president [[Girija Prasad Koirala]]. The [[12th General Convention of the Nepali Congress|12th general convention]] of the Nepali Congress, on 22 September 2010, elected him party president.<ref name=kath>{{cite news|last1=Bhattarai|first1=Kamal Dev|title=ADIOS SUSHIL DA (1939-2016)|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-02-10/adios-sushil-da-1939-2016.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=10 February 2016}}</ref> |
||
The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party in the [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly elections]] under Koirala's leadership. He was elected leader of the Congress' parliamentary party securing 105 out of 194 votes against former prime minister Deuba's 89 votes, and on 10 February 2014, he was nominated as prime minister by the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|constituent assembly]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Koirala elected as NC PP leader|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=68598|access-date=26 January 2014|newspaper=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Ghimire|first=Binod|title=For PMship, Koirala to be PP leader first|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/01/03/top-story/for-pmship-koirala-to-be-pp-leader-first/383325.html|access-date=7 January 2014|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> During his tenure as prime minister, his government was criticized for its slow aid response to the [[April 2015 Nepal earthquake]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Subramanian|first1=Samanth|title=Anger rises in Nepal over government's response to earthquake|url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/south-asia/anger-rises-in-nepal-over-governments-response-to-earthquake|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]|date=30 April 2015}}</ref> A historic agreement among the country's four major political parties was also made that year, which paved the way for the promulgation of [[Constitution of Nepal|a new constitution]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Jha|first1=Prashant|title=Why Sushil Koirala leaves a contested legacy in Nepal|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/why-sushil-koirala-leaves-a-contested-legacy-in-nepal/story-vCtuo5VgrPapSCOcuIq3YM.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> Honouring a pledge to stand down as prime minister once the new constitution came into effect, Koirala resigned on 10 October 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/nepal-pm-koirala-resigns-pm-seeks-election-151010160207623.html|title=Nepal's Koirala resigns as PM and seeks re-election|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> He sought re-election but was defeated by [[KP Sharma Oli]], leader of Congress' former coalition partners, the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Communist party leader elected as Nepal's new prime minister|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/11/nepal-communist-party-leader-elected-new-prime-minister-khadga-prasad-oli|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> |
The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party in the [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly elections]] under Koirala's leadership. He was elected leader of the Congress' parliamentary party securing 105 out of 194 votes against former prime minister Deuba's 89 votes, and on 10 February 2014, he was nominated as prime minister by the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|constituent assembly]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Koirala elected as NC PP leader|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=68598|access-date=26 January 2014|newspaper=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Ghimire|first=Binod|title=For PMship, Koirala to be PP leader first|url=http://www.ekantipur.com/2014/01/03/top-story/for-pmship-koirala-to-be-pp-leader-first/383325.html|access-date=7 January 2014|work=[[The Kathmandu Post]]|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> During his tenure as prime minister, his government was criticized for its slow aid response to the [[April 2015 Nepal earthquake]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Subramanian|first1=Samanth|title=Anger rises in Nepal over government's response to earthquake|url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/south-asia/anger-rises-in-nepal-over-governments-response-to-earthquake|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]|date=30 April 2015}}</ref> A historic agreement among the country's four major political parties was also made that year, which paved the way for the promulgation of [[Constitution of Nepal|a new constitution]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Jha|first1=Prashant|title=Why Sushil Koirala leaves a contested legacy in Nepal|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/why-sushil-koirala-leaves-a-contested-legacy-in-nepal/story-vCtuo5VgrPapSCOcuIq3YM.html|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 February 2016}}</ref> Due his major role, he is also known as the "Father of the Constitution" Honouring a pledge to stand down as prime minister once the new constitution came into effect, Koirala resigned on 10 October 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/nepal-pm-koirala-resigns-pm-seeks-election-151010160207623.html|title=Nepal's Koirala resigns as PM and seeks re-election|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> He sought re-election but was defeated by [[KP Sharma Oli]], leader of Congress' former coalition partners, the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Communist party leader elected as Nepal's new prime minister|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/11/nepal-communist-party-leader-elected-new-prime-minister-khadga-prasad-oli|access-date=10 February 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> |
||
==Electoral history== |
==Electoral history== |
||
Line 60: | Line 62: | ||
'''<big>1991 Pratinidhi Sabha Election</big>''' |
'''<big>1991 Pratinidhi Sabha Election</big>''' |
||
'''Banke–2'''<ref>https://nepalresearch.org/politics/background/elections_old/election_1991_constituency_results_english.pdf</ref> |
'''Banke–2'''<ref>https://nepalresearch.org/politics/background/elections_old/election_1991_constituency_results_english.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> |
||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
Line 114: | Line 116: | ||
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status |
! Party !! Candidate !! Votes !! Status |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[ |
| [[Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal|MJF – Nepal]] || Sarbadev Prasad Ojha || 14,900 || Elected |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|UCPN (Maoist)]]|| Parma Nanda Kurmi || 6,970 ||Lost |
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|UCPN (Maoist)]]|| Parma Nanda Kurmi || 6,970 ||Lost |
||
Line 173: | Line 175: | ||
=== Illness and death === |
=== Illness and death === |
||
A heavy smoker, Koirala was diagnosed with [[tongue cancer]] in 2006 and [[lung cancer]] in June 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nepal PM Sushil Koirala has lung cancer|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28038866|access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref> He died on 10 February 2016 at 12:50 AM of [[pneumonia]] in [[Kathmandu]], at the age of 76.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ex-PM Sushil Koirala passes away|url=http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215234857/http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|archive-date=15 February 2016|access-date=10 February 2016|newspaper=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref> |
A heavy smoker, Koirala was diagnosed with [[tongue cancer]] in 2006 and [[lung cancer]] in June 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nepal PM Sushil Koirala has lung cancer|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-28038866|access-date=10 February 2016}}</ref> He died on 10 February 2016 at 12:50 AM of [[pneumonia]] in [[Kathmandu]], at the age of 76.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ex-PM Sushil Koirala passes away|url=http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215234857/http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/36678/sushil-koirala-passes-away.html|archive-date=15 February 2016|access-date=10 February 2016|newspaper=[[República (Nepalese newspaper)|My Republica]]}}</ref> |
||
==Bibliography== |
|||
*{{cite book |last1=Koirala |first1=Sushil |title=Nepal's Foreign Policy: From Expediency to Pragmatism |date=2017 |publisher=B.P. Koirala Memorial Trust|editor=Dinesh Bhattarai}} |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
Line 191: | Line 196: | ||
{{s-break}} |
{{s-break}} |
||
{{s-off}} |
{{s-off}} |
||
{{s-bef|before=[[Khil Raj Regmi]]<br>{{small|Acting}}}} |
{{s-bef|before=[[Khil Raj Regmi]]<br />{{small|Acting}}}} |
||
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Nepal|Prime Minister of Nepal]]|years=11 February 2014 – 10 October 2015}} |
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Nepal|Prime Minister of Nepal]]|years=11 February 2014 – 10 October 2015}} |
||
{{s-aft|after=[[KP Sharma Oli]]}} |
{{s-aft|after=[[KP Sharma Oli]]}} |
||
Line 208: | Line 213: | ||
[[Category:2016 deaths]] |
[[Category:2016 deaths]] |
||
[[Category:Government ministers of Nepal]] |
[[Category:Government ministers of Nepal]] |
||
[[Category:Nepali Congress politicians]] |
[[Category:Nepali Congress politicians from Lumbini Province]] |
||
[[Category:People from Biratnagar]] |
[[Category:People from Biratnagar]] |
||
[[Category:Prime ministers of Nepal]] |
[[Category:Prime ministers of Nepal]] |
||
[[Category:Koirala family]] |
[[Category:Koirala family|S]] |
||
[[Category:Nepalese Hindus]] |
[[Category:Nepalese Hindus]] |
||
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia]] |
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia in Nepal]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Nepal]] |
||
[[Category:Deaths from lung cancer]] |
[[Category:Deaths from lung cancer]] |
||
[[Category:Nepal MPs 1991–1994]] |
[[Category:Nepal MPs 1991–1994]] |
||
[[Category:Nepal MPs 1999–2002]] |
[[Category:Nepal MPs 1999–2002]] |
||
[[Category:State funerals in Nepal]] |
|||
[[Category:Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly]] |
|||
[[Category:Defence ministers of Nepal]] |
|||
[[Category:Nepalese expatriates in India]] |
|||
[[Category:Nepalese exiles]] |
|||
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of India]] |
|||
[[Category:Politicians from Varanasi]] |
|||
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition (Nepal)]] |
Revision as of 05:24, 12 May 2024
Sushil Prasad Koirala | |
---|---|
सुशील प्रसाद कोइराला | |
37th Prime Minister of Nepal | |
In office 11 February 2014 – 11 October 2015 | |
President | Ram Baran Yadav |
Preceded by | Khil Raj Regmi (Acting) |
Succeeded by | Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli |
President of the Nepali Congress | |
In office 22 September 2010 – 9 February 2016 | |
Preceded by | Girija Prasad Koirala |
Succeeded by | Sher Bahadur Deuba |
Member of the House of Representatives for Banke–2 | |
In office 1991–1994 | |
Preceded by | Constituency created |
Succeeded by | Shanti SJB Rana |
In office 1999–2008 | |
Preceded by | Shanti SJB Rana |
Succeeded by | Mohammad Estiyak Rai (as member of the Constituent Assembly) |
Member of the Constituent Assembly / Legislature Parliament | |
In office 21 January 2014 – 9 February 2016 | |
Preceded by | Sarbadev Prasad Ojha |
Succeeded by | Nanda Lal Roka Chhetri (as member of the House of Representatives) |
Constituency | Banke–3 |
Personal details | |
Born | Biratnagar, Kingdom of Nepal | 12 August 1939
Died | 9 February 2016 Kathmandu, Nepal | (aged 76)
Nationality | Nepali |
Political party | Nepali Congress |
Parent(s) | Bodh Prasad Koirala (father) Kumudini Koirala (mother) |
Nickname | Sushil Da (Nepali: सुशील दा) |
Sushil Prasad Koirala (Nepali: सुशील कोइराला; 12 August 1931 – 9 February 2016) was a Nepalese politician and the Prime Minister of Nepal from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015.[1] He was also President of the Nepali Congress from 2010 to 2016, having earlier served under various capacities in the party.[2]
Early life
Koirala was born to Bodh Prasad and Kumudini Koirala on 12 August 1939 in Biratnagar, second-largest city of Nepal.[2] A member of the politically prominent Koirala family, he was the cousin (his mother was the sister of Krishna Prasad Koirala's wife) of former prime ministers Matrika Prasad Koirala, Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala and Girija Prasad Koirala.[3]
Political career
Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958, he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, King Mahendra planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled the elected government led by B.P. Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the Nepali Congress to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the royal takeover of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in a plane hijacking in 1973.[4] While in exile, Koirala was the editor of Tarun in Varanasi, the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998.
In 2001, he lost the leadership ballot for Nepali Congress' parliamentary party to former prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba. Koirala was appointed acting president of the party in 2008 by president Girija Prasad Koirala. The 12th general convention of the Nepali Congress, on 22 September 2010, elected him party president.[4]
The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party in the 2013 Constituent Assembly elections under Koirala's leadership. He was elected leader of the Congress' parliamentary party securing 105 out of 194 votes against former prime minister Deuba's 89 votes, and on 10 February 2014, he was nominated as prime minister by the constituent assembly.[5][6] During his tenure as prime minister, his government was criticized for its slow aid response to the April 2015 Nepal earthquake.[7] A historic agreement among the country's four major political parties was also made that year, which paved the way for the promulgation of a new constitution.[8] Due his major role, he is also known as the "Father of the Constitution" Honouring a pledge to stand down as prime minister once the new constitution came into effect, Koirala resigned on 10 October 2015.[9] He sought re-election but was defeated by KP Sharma Oli, leader of Congress' former coalition partners, the CPN (UML).[10]
Electoral history
Koirala was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha from the Banke–2 constituency in 1991 and 1999, while he was defeated in 1994. He lost in the 2008 Constituent Assembly election from Banke–3, finishing third behind the candidates of the MJFN and the UCPN (Maoist).[11] He contested and won from both Banke–3 and Chitwan–4 in the 2013 Constituent Assembly election.[12] He later relinquished the Chitwan–4 seat and represented Banke–3 in the 2nd Constituent Assembly.[13]
Only the top two candidates are shown below.
1991 Pratinidhi Sabha Election
Banke–2[14]
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Nepali Congress | Sushil Koirala | 14,409 | Elected |
CPN (UML) | – | 5,926 | Lost |
Result | Congress win |
1994 Pratinidhi Sabha Election
Banke–2[15]
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
RPP | Shanti Shamsher Rana | 15,711 | Elected |
Congress | Sushil Koirala | 10,222 | Lost |
Result | RPP gain from Congress |
1999 Pratinidhi Sabha Election
Banke–2[15]
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Congress | Sushil Koirala | 15,256 | Elected |
CPN (ML) | Rijwan Ahammad Sah | 6,185 | Lost |
Result | Congress gain from RPP |
2008 Constituent Assembly Election
Banke–3[16]
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
MJF – Nepal | Sarbadev Prasad Ojha | 14,900 | Elected |
UCPN (Maoist) | Parma Nanda Kurmi | 6,970 | Lost |
Congress | Sushil Koirala | 5,969 | Lost |
Result | MJFN gain from Congress |
2013 Constituent Assembly Elections
Banke–3
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Congress | Sushil Koirala | 10,753 | Elected |
RPP – Nepal | Dhawal Shumsher Rana | 8,809 | Lost |
Result | Congress gain from MJFN |
Chitwan–4
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Congress | Sushil Koirala | 20,760 | Elected |
UCPN (Maoist) | Chitra Bahadur Shrestha | 10,739 | Lost |
Result | Congress gain from UCPN(M) |
2015 Parliamentary Prime Minister Election
Party | Candidate | Votes | Status |
---|---|---|---|
CPN (UML) | KP Sharma Oli | 338 | Elected |
Congress | Sushil Koirala | 249 | Lost |
Result | CPN (UML) gain from Congress |
Personal life
Koirala remained unmarried throughout his life and was known to live a simple life.[17] He was fondly known among his friends and supporters as 'Sushil daa'. Although Koirala was believed to have completed formal education with an Intermediate of Commerce (I. Comm.) degree from a college in India according to his sister-in-law, he refuted those claims and maintained to have only received informal education.
Illness and death
A heavy smoker, Koirala was diagnosed with tongue cancer in 2006 and lung cancer in June 2014.[18] He died on 10 February 2016 at 12:50 AM of pneumonia in Kathmandu, at the age of 76.[19]
Bibliography
- Koirala, Sushil (2017). Dinesh Bhattarai (ed.). Nepal's Foreign Policy: From Expediency to Pragmatism. B.P. Koirala Memorial Trust.
See also
References
- ^ "Koirala elected new PM". The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ a b "Personal Resume". Nepali Congress. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ Parashar, Utpal (9 February 2016). "Nepali Congress looks at future without a Koirala at its helm". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ a b Bhattarai, Kamal Dev (10 February 2016). "ADIOS SUSHIL DA (1939-2016)". The Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "Koirala elected as NC PP leader". My Republica. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ Ghimire, Binod (3 January 2014). "For PMship, Koirala to be PP leader first". The Kathmandu Post. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
- ^ Subramanian, Samanth (30 April 2015). "Anger rises in Nepal over government's response to earthquake". The National. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ Jha, Prashant (9 February 2016). "Why Sushil Koirala leaves a contested legacy in Nepal". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "Nepal's Koirala resigns as PM and seeks re-election". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "Communist party leader elected as Nepal's new prime minister". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "Ca Election report".
- ^ "Ca Election report". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02.
- ^ "Top leaders give up seats from Chitwan, Kailali, Kathmandu". The Kathmandu Post. 5 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
- ^ https://nepalresearch.org/politics/background/elections_old/election_1991_constituency_results_english.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ a b "Finalised Constituencies With Top Two Candidates". Archived from the original on 2008-03-05.
- ^ "Ca Election report".
- ^ "Sushil shifts to GPK's apartment". The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "Nepal PM Sushil Koirala has lung cancer". BBC News. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- ^ "Ex-PM Sushil Koirala passes away". My Republica. Archived from the original on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2016.