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The '''Soviet-Polish Non-Aggression Pact''' ({{lang-pl|Polsko-radziecki pakt o nieagresji}}) was an [[international law|international treaty]] of [[Non-aggression pact|non-aggression]] signed in [[1932]] by representatives of [[Poland]] and the [[USSR]]. The Soviet Union briefly threatened to denounce the pact in [[1938]], on account of Poland's involvement in the [[ |
The '''Soviet-Polish Non-Aggression Pact''' ({{lang-pl|Polsko-radziecki pakt o nieagresji}}) was an [[international law|international treaty]] of [[Non-aggression pact|non-aggression]] signed in [[1932]] by representatives of [[Poland]] and the [[USSR]]. The Soviet Union briefly threatened to denounce the pact in [[1938]], on account of Poland's involvement in the [[Border conflicts between Poland and Czechoslovakia|border conflict with Czechoslovakia]] over [[Cieszyn Silesia]], but the pact was reaffirmed by the two powers on [[November 26]], [[1938]] and was finally unilaterally broken by the Soviet Union on [[September 17]], [[1939]], during the [[Polish Defensive War|Nazi and Soviet invasion of Poland]]. |
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After the Polish-Bolshevik War, the Polish authorities pursued a policy of ''equal distance'' between Germany and the Soviet Union. Most of Polish politicians, both leftist and rightist, believed that Poland should rely mostly on the [[Franco-Polish Military Alliance|crucial alliance with France]] dating back to the times of [[World War I]] and should not support either Germany or the Soviet Union. |
After the Polish-Bolshevik War, the Polish authorities pursued a policy of ''equal distance'' between Germany and the Soviet Union. Most of Polish politicians, both leftist and rightist, believed that Poland should rely mostly on the [[Franco-Polish Military Alliance|crucial alliance with France]] dating back to the times of [[World War I]] and should not support either Germany or the Soviet Union. |
Revision as of 13:45, 1 February 2006
The Soviet-Polish Non-Aggression Pact (Polish: Polsko-radziecki pakt o nieagresji) was an international treaty of non-aggression signed in 1932 by representatives of Poland and the USSR. The Soviet Union briefly threatened to denounce the pact in 1938, on account of Poland's involvement in the border conflict with Czechoslovakia over Cieszyn Silesia, but the pact was reaffirmed by the two powers on November 26, 1938 and was finally unilaterally broken by the Soviet Union on September 17, 1939, during the Nazi and Soviet invasion of Poland.
After the Polish-Bolshevik War, the Polish authorities pursued a policy of equal distance between Germany and the Soviet Union. Most of Polish politicians, both leftist and rightist, believed that Poland should rely mostly on the crucial alliance with France dating back to the times of World War I and should not support either Germany or the Soviet Union.
To normalize the bi-lateral contacts with Poland's eastern neighbour, in January of 1926 talks were started with the purpose of preparing a non-aggression treaty with that state. The treaty was to fortify the Polish gains of the Peace of Riga and was to be balanced by a similar pact signed with Germany. However, the talks with Germany were not started and the Polish-Soviet talks were broken in June of 1927, after Great Britain broke diplomatic relations with the USSR and the murder of the Soviet plenipotentiary Volkov. Instead, Poland applied to the Briand-Kellogg Pact of 1928. The Polish-Soviet negotiations were resumed in 1931 in Moscow. The pact was finally signed on July 25, 1932 for three years. On May 5, 1934 it was extended to December 31, 1945 without any amendments. Among other topics, both sides agreed to renounce violence in bi-lateral relations, to resolve their problems through negotiations and to forgo any armed conflict or alliances aimed at the other side.
On September 23, 1938, the Soviet Union sent a note to the Polish government informing it that the pact will be considered null and void in the case of Poland's participation in the occupation of Czechoslovakia [1]. However, this threat was not carried out, as the Soviet government stated on October 31, after Poland occupied Cieszyn, that the pact remained in force [2]. and it was reaffirmed by the two powers on November 26, 1938 (see [3]). Finally the pact was broken by the Soviets on September 17, 1939, when the Red Army joined the Nazi Germany's forces in their invasion of Poland, in accordance with the secret protocols of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Treaty.
The pact was considered at the time as a major success of the Polish diplomacy, much weakened by the toll war with Germany, renouncement of parts of the Treaty of Versailles and loosened links with France. It also reinforced the Polish positions in negotiations with Germany, which resulted in signing of the German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact 18 months later.
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