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==Alleged election irregularities== |
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There are allegations by DA and COPE that police were less than impartial when investigating complaints by the opposition, and that the ANC used its youth league to do the dirty work that it did not want to be seen doing itself.<ref>Malatsi, Solly. [http://www.politicsweb.co.za/politicsweb/view/politicsweb/en/page71619?oid=127397&sn=Detail The ANC's dirty electioneering tactics]. ''Politicsweb''. May 3, 2009.</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
Revision as of 07:40, 10 May 2009
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Template:Election south africa
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/SA_elections_national_ballot.jpg/220px-SA_elections_national_ballot.jpg)
South Africa held national and provincial elections to elect a new National Assembly as well as the provincial legislature in each province on 22 April 2009.[1]
The National Assembly consists of 400 members elected by proportional representation with a closed list approach. Two hundred members are elected from national party lists; the other 200 are elected from provincial party lists in each of the nine provinces. The President of South Africa is chosen by the National Assembly after each election; in 2009, the presidential election was on 6 May. The premiers of each province are chosen by the winning majority in each provincial legislature.
This was the fourth general election held since the end of the apartheid era.
The Pretoria High Court ruled on 9 February 2009 that South African citizens living abroad should be allowed to vote in elections.[2] The judgment was confirmed by the Constitutional Court on 12 March 2009, when it decided that overseas voters who were already registered would be allowed to vote.[3] Also, registered voters who found themselves outside their registered voting districts on election day were permitted to vote for the national ballot at any voting station in South Africa.
African National Congress – ruling party
The African National Congress was the ruling party in parliament going into the 2009 elections, having won 69.69% of the vote at the 2004 elections. During its term in office a number of internal changes occurred, the primary one being the election of Jacob Zuma to the party presidency ahead of Thabo Mbeki at the 52nd National Conference of the African National Congress held on 18 December 2007.[4] Zuma's victory in the election was partly due to the wide degree of support for him from the ANC Youth League, the South African Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions.[citation needed]
Subsequent to this, in 2008 Zuma's ongoing corruption trial in relation to a multi-billion Rand arms deal was dismissed by the courts, which insinuated that Mbeki had unduly influenced the investigation into Zuma. In light of the court's findings, the ANC's National Executive Committee asked Mbeki to resign as president of the country, which he duly did on 20 September 2008.
Mbeki was replaced by Kgalema Motlanthe, who had been elected as ANC deputy president at the 2007 conference. Motlanthe was not the presidential candidate of the ANC for the 2009 general election, but rather the current President of the ANC, Jacob Zuma.[5] The ANC's electoral list was led by Zuma, followed by Motlanthe, Deputy President of South Africa Baleka Mbete, finance minister Trevor Manuel and Winnie Mandela, former wife of Nelson Mandela.[6]
The recall of Mbeki, amongst other issues, created severe tensions and splits within the party, and eventually led to the formation of the Congress of the People, a new political party formed by former ANC members. Nevertheless, most pre-poll predictions gave the ANC between sixty and seventy per cent of the popular vote; even the lowest prediction, giving the ANC 47 per cent, still rendered it comfortably South Africa's most favoured political party.[7]
Opposition
Democratic Alliance
Before the election, the Democratic Alliance was the official opposition party in Parliament. It also led the opposition in the Western Cape Provincial Parliament. In addition to this, the DA leads a coalition government in the City of Cape Town, where the national leader of the party, Helen Zille, is the mayor. Zille led the DA campaign as its candidate for premier of the Western Cape[8]. In November 2008, the party predicted that it would increase its national support to 21% in the forthcoming election.[9]
As expected,[10] the DA took control of the Western Cape provincial government in the elections. It also consolidated its position as the official opposition, increasing from 50 to 67 seats in the national assembly.
Congress of the People
The Congress of the People was formed in 2008 by former members of the ANC in the aftermath of president Mbeki's resignation. Consisting largely of former ANC members, the party was expected to do well at the elections, with analysts predicting that it could receive between 9 and 18% of the vote. However, polls before the election predicted that the party would only draw 8–12% of the vote with some polls placing the party at 6% [11] [12] COPE chose Bishop Mvume Dandala as their presidential candidate.[13]
Other parties
The 2009 election also saw a different political atmosphere, as the New National Party, which inherited much of the National Party's legacy and competed in the 2004 general election, merged into the ANC in 2005 via the floor crossing legislation. Fifteen parties were represented in the National Assembly before the election, and twenty-eight political parties submitted candidate lists to contest the elections.[14]
On Sunday, April 5, the Inkatha Freedom Party alleged "serious instances of political intolerance and intimidation in Greytown, where the ANC denied the IFP their right to campaign freely". The party claimed that it was "becoming evident that the ANC is now realising that its electoral fortunes in KwaZulu Natal are slipping away and is resorting to desperate gutter electioneering tactics to stop the IFP and other parties from campaigning."[15]
Election boycott
A number of communities, organisations, social movements and well-known personalities threatened not to vote in the 2009 elections.[16][17][18][19][20] The most well-known personality was Archbishop Desmond Tutu who at first said he would not vote but then changed his mind.[21][22] South Africa's Poor People's Alliance, the Anti-Privatisation Forum, NOPE, and the independent farmworkers' union Sikhula Sonke resolved to boycott the election under the banner No Land! No House! No Vote!.[23] [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]
Results
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/South_Africa_national_election_2009_winner_by_municipality.svg/300px-South_Africa_national_election_2009_winner_by_municipality.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Map_showing_the_change_in_the_ANC_vote_from_2004_to_2009.svg/300px-Map_showing_the_change_in_the_ANC_vote_from_2004_to_2009.svg.png)
The Independent Electoral Commission made results available on their website as they were received from voting districts, filtered by national, provincial, municipality, and voting district.[32]
National Assembly results
Template:South African general election, 2009
the most votes |
official opposition (second most) |
party was not on the ballot |
Party | NA [33] |
EC [34] |
FS [35] |
Ga [36] |
KZ [37] |
Li [38] |
Mp [39] |
NW [40] |
NC [41] |
WC [42] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Provincial Legislatures | ||||||||||
A Party | 0.02 | |||||||||
Africa Muslim Party (AMP) | 0.22 | |||||||||
African Christian Alliance (ACA) | 0.21 | 0.17 | ||||||||
African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP) | 0.81 | 0.52 | 0.67 | 0.79 | 0.56 | 0.63 | 0.50 | 0.68 | 0.84 | 1.47 |
African Independent Congress (AIC) | 0.78 | |||||||||
African National Congress (ANC) | 65.90 | 69.36 | 73.18 | 64.32 | 63.04 | 85.50 | 84.35 | 73.23 | 60.23 | 31.75 |
African Peoples' Convention (APC) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.38 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.09 |
Al Jama-ah | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.46 | |||||||
Alliance of Free Democrats (AFD) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.07 | |||||||
Azanian People's Organisation (AZAPO) | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.60 | 0.07 | ||
Black Consciousness Party (BCP) | 0.08 | |||||||||
Cape Party (CAPE) | 0.13 | |||||||||
Christian Democratic Alliance (CDA) | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.20 | |||||
Christian Party (CP) | 0.21 | |||||||||
Congress of the People (COPE) | 7.42 | 13.44 | 11.46 | 7.20 | 0.89 | 7.11 | 2.74 | 8.01 | 17.12 | 7.76 |
Democratic Alliance (DA) | 16.66 | 10.80 | 10.95 | 22.19 | 5.92 | 3.32 | 8.57 | 9.12 | 11.83 | 51.23 |
Dikwankwetla Party of South Africa (DPSA) | 0.15 | |||||||||
Great Kongress of SA (GKSA) | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.06 | |||||||
Independent Democrats (ID) | 0.92 | 0.42 | 0.16 | 0.70 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.52 | 5.73 | 4.70 |
Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) | 4.55 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 1.43 | 27.31 | 0.07 | 0.63 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.06 |
Party | NA | EC | FS | Ga | KZ | Li | Mp | NW | NC | WC |
Keep it Straight and Simple (KISS) | 0.03 | |||||||||
Minority Front (MF) | 0.25 | 0.55 | ||||||||
Movement Democratic Party (MDP) | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.43 | |||||||
National Alliance (NA) | 0.10 | |||||||||
National Democratic Convention (NADECO) | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.02 | ||
National Party South Africa (NP) | 0.17 | |||||||||
New Vision Party (NVP) | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.49 | ||||||
Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) | 0.27 | 0.48 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.10 | 0.48 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.16 | 0.23 |
Pan Africanist Movement (PAM) | 0.03 | 0.09 | ||||||||
Peace and Justice Congress (PJC) | 0.04 | 0.03 | ||||||||
Sindawonye Progressive Party (SPP) | 0.49 | |||||||||
South Africa Political Party (SAPP) | 0.12 | |||||||||
South African Democratic Congress (SADECO) | 0.03 | 0.17 | ||||||||
United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP) | 0.37 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 4.08 | 1.39 | 0.08 |
United Democratic Movement (UDM) | 0.85 | 4.05 | 0.36 | 0.47 | 0.42 | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.50 | 0.15 | 0.72 |
United Independent Front (UIF) | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.06 | |||||||
Universal Party (U.P.) | 0.03 | |||||||||
Freedom Front Plus (VF Plus) | 0.83 | 0.20 | 2.19 | 1.34 | 0.23 | 0.75 | 1.10 | 2.06 | 1.37 | 0.43 |
Women Forward (WF) | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.06 | ||||||
Ximoko Party (XP) | 0.18 | |||||||||
Spoilt votes (as % of all cast votes counted) | 1.34 | 1.38 | 1.49 | 1.01 |
Seats
National Assembly seats
South Africa uses a multi-member constituency proportional system to allocate the 400 seats in the National Assembly. There are 10 constituencies: one regional constituency corresponding to each of the 9 provinces and one 'at large' or national constituency. The parties participate by providing lists of names in respect of each constituency. Parties do not have to provide a national list. If all parties provide national lists, then 200 seats are allocated from national lists and 200 from regional lists. Only the Democratic Alliance chose not to provide a national list in the 2009 elections which meant its 'national list' seats were reallocated to the regional constituencies (and its MPs were completely selected off its regional lists). The seat allocation was as follows [43]:
Constituency | EC | FS | GP | KN | LP | MP | NW | NC | WC | National | Total |
African National Congress (ANC) | 19 | 9 | 31 | 26 | 17 | 14 | 11 | 3 | 8 | 126 | 264 |
Democratic Alliance (DA) | 6 | 4 | 19 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 23 | 67 | |
Congress of the People (COPE) | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 30 | |
Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) | 1 | 8 | 9 | 18 | |||||||
Independent Democrats (ID) | 1 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||
United Democratic Movement (UDM) | 1 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||
Freedom Front Plus (FF+) | 1 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||
African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP) | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP) | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Minority Front (MF) | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Azanian People's Organisation (AZAPO) | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
African People's Convention (APC) | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Total | 29 | 14 | 56 | 42 | 20 | 16 | 15 | 6 | 34 | 168 | 400 |
NCOP seats
The National Council of Provinces (NCOP) consists of 90 members, ten elected by each provincial legislature. The Members of NCOP have to be elected in proportion to the party membership of the provincial legislature.
Party | EC | FS | GP | KN | LP | MP | NW | NC | WC | Total |
African National Congress (ANC) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 62 |
Democratic Alliance (DA) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 13 | |
Congress of the People (COPE) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 | ||
Independent Democrats (ID) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
United Democratic Movement (UDM) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Freedom Front Plus (FF+) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Total | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 90 |
Seats in provincial legislatures
The seats in each provincial legislature or provincial parliament are allocated by proportional representation from a single constituency. Only parties that won seats are included in the table below [44].
Party | EC [45] |
FS [46] |
Ga [47] |
KZ [48] |
Li [49] |
Mp [50] |
NW [51] |
NC [52] |
WC [53] |
Total [54] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Provincial Legislatures | ||||||||||
African National Congress (ANC) | 44 | 22 | 47 | 51 | 43 | 27 | 25 | 19 | 14 | 292 |
Democratic Alliance (DA) | 6 | 3 | 16 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 22 | 65 |
Congress of the People (COPE) | 9 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 36 |
Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 |
Independent Democrats (ID) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
United Democratic Movement (UDM) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
Minority Front (MF) | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
Freedom Front Plus (VF Plus) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
African Independent Congress (AIC) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Total | 63 | 30 | 73 | 80 | 49 | 30 | 33 | 30 | 42 | 430 |
Alleged election irregularities
There are allegations by DA and COPE that police were less than impartial when investigating complaints by the opposition, and that the ANC used its youth league to do the dirty work that it did not want to be seen doing itself.[55]
See also
References
- ^ Motlanthe sets election date IOL.co.za, February 10, 2009
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7878858.stm
- ^ http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/90855/6612952.html
- ^ http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pr/2007/pr1219.html (Press Statement: Results for the Election of ANC Officials, 19 December 2007)
- ^ http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?doc=./ancdocs/pr/2008/pr0108.html (Statement of the ANC National Executive Committee, 8 January 2008.) The ANC National Executive Committee confirmed that "the ANC President will lead the ANC election campaign as the organisation's candidate for president of South Africa in the 2009 election."
- ^ Winnie set for shock comeback to ANC politics
- ^ Perry, Alex. "South African Election: Why It Matters." TIME. 21 April 2009. (accessed April 21, 2009).
- ^ DA: Announcement of Helen Zille as the DA's candidate for Western Cape Premier Polity. 2 March 2009
- ^ DA plans to almost double vote share Business Day. 11 November 2008
- ^ Trollip in line for DA post Daily Dispatch. 10 January 2009
- ^ http://www.politicsweb.co.za/politicsweb/view/politicsweb/en/page71619?oid=120252&sn=Detail
- ^ COPE’s Eastern Cape bias carries risk, say analysts, [[Business Day (South Africa)|]], 2009-01-21
- ^ Bishop elbows aside Lekota, Shilowa M&G
- ^ Parties meet IEC deadline
- ^ "IFP to Brief Media on Serious Instances of Political Intolerance in KZN". Inkatha Freedom Party. 2009-04-05. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "60 landless people arrested". Sowetan.
- ^ "Protesters refuse to vote". IOL.
- ^ "'One house, one vote' for South Africans". BBC.
- ^ "'No land, no home, no vote'". Weekend Argus.
- ^ "Feeling of change in the West Coast air". Cape Argus.
- ^ "Tutu: Why I Won't Vote". TheTimes.
- ^ "Tutu decides to vote". IOL.
- ^ "Elections: A Dangerous Time for Poor People's Movements in South Africa". SACSIS.
- ^ ""No Vote" Campaigns are not a Rejection of Democracy". Mail and Guardian.
- ^ "Farm Workers Announce Election Boycott". AllAfrica.
- ^ ""Why we refuse to vote". Cape Argus.
- ^ "NOPE our dreams don't fit on your ballots".
{{cite news}}
: Text "http://www.nope.org.za/" ignored (help) - ^ "Grassroots movements plan to boycott South African poll". ekklesia.
- ^ "Tutu: Why Steve Biko wouldn't vote". Pambazuka.
- ^ "Nope your vote doesnt make a difference". Polity.
- ^ "Farm workers threaten boycott elections". Polity.
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission (2009-04-25t15:27:03+02:00). "Overall Party Statistics: All Provinces" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-04-26.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:12:37 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Eastern Cape – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:12:38 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Free State – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:36 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Gauteng – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Provisional results as at 2009-04-23 11:45:02, for KwaZulu-Natal provincial election 2009
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:36 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Limpopo – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:31 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Mpumalanga – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:36 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: North West – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Provisional results as at 2009-04-23 18:59:39, for Northern Cape provincial election 2009
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission (2009-04-25t01:33:13+02:00). "Results Report: Western Cape" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-04-25.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ http://www.elections.org.za/NPEPWStaticReports/NationalList_MPs.pdf
- ^ http://http://www.elections.org.za/NPEPWStaticReports/ProvincialList_MPLs.pdf
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:12:37 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Eastern Cape – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:12:38 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Free State – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:36 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Gauteng – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Provisional results as at 2009-04-23 11:45:02, for KwaZulu-Natal provincial election 2009
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:36 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Limpopo – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:31 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: Mpumalanga – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (23 April, 2009 (3:34:36 PM)). "Overall Party Statistics: North West – All Municipalities". Retrieved 23 April, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|accessdate=
and|date=
(help) - ^ Provisional results as at 2009-04-23 18:59:39, for Northern Cape provincial election 2009
- ^ Independent Electoral Commission (2009-04-25t01:33:13+02:00). "Results Report: Western Cape" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-04-25.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ Independent Electoral Commission (2009-04-25t15:27:03+02:00). "Overall Party Statistics: All Provinces" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-04-26.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ Malatsi, Solly. The ANC's dirty electioneering tactics. Politicsweb. May 3, 2009.
External links
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png)