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[[File:Matt Rivitz on Basis Technologies.jpg|right|thumb|Matt Rivitz in 2022]] |
[[File:Matt Rivitz on Basis Technologies.jpg|right|thumb|Matt Rivitz in 2022]] |
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[[File:Nandini Jammi on Stiftung Neue Verantwortung.jpg|right|thumb|Nandini Jammi in 2020]] |
[[File:Nandini Jammi on Stiftung Neue Verantwortung.jpg|right|thumb|Nandini Jammi in 2020]] |
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'''Sleeping Giants''' is a [[social media activism]] organization aiming to pressure companies into removing [[advertisements]] from several conservative news outlets by publicly accusing them of malpractices such as [[fake news|misinformation]] and [[hate speech]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=2017-09-22 |title=The mysterious group that’s picking Breitbart apart, one tweet at a time |language=en-US |work=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-mysterious-group-thats-picking-breitbart-apart-one-tweet-at-a-time/2017/09/22/df1ee0c0-9d5c-11e7-9083-fbfddf6804c2_story.html |access-date=2020-10-05 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> The campaign started in November 2016,<ref name="CNET">{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/boycott-breitbart-lyft-hewlett-packard-t-mobile-autodesk-uber-amazon/ |title=Tech companies' newest cause celebre? Boycott Breitbart |last=Kerr |first=Dara |date=February 3, 2017 |newspaper=CNET |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref> shortly after [[Donald Trump]]'s victory in the [[2016 United States presidential election]], with the launch of a [[Twitter]] account aiming to boycott ''[[Breitbart News]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/07/opinion/sunday/how-to-destroy-the-business-model-of-breitbart-and-fake-news.html |title=How to Destroy the Business Model of Breitbart and Fake News |last=Kennedy |first=Pagan |date=January 7, 2017 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="TheNation">{{cite news |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/protesters-hitting-trump-actually-hurts/ |title=These Protesters Are Hitting Trump Where It Actually Hurts |work=The Nation |date=May 23, 2017 |first=Mattea |last=Kramer |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0027-8378 |archive-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213150432/https://www.thenation.com/article/protesters-hitting-trump-actually-hurts/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The campaign has sections in Australia,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-11-28 |title=Sleeping Giants Oz: How an anonymous Twitter account took on Sky News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/triplej/programs/hack/how-sleeping-giants-oz-took-on-sky-news/10563792 |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=[[ABC News (Australia)]] |language=en-AU}}</ref> Brazil,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Mann |first=Richard |date=2020-05-24 |title=Rapidly Growing, Sleeping Giants Movement Annoys Bolsonarist Shock Troops |url=https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/rapidly-growing-sleeping-giants-movement-annoys-bolsonarist-shock-troop-and-government/ |access-date=2020-09-20 |website=The Rio Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Canada,<ref name=":3" /> France<ref name=":4" /> and Germany.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wirminghaus |first=Niklas |date=2017-02-27 |title=Keine Werbung auf Breitbart – Initiative "Sleeping Giants" kommt nach Deutschland |trans-title=No advertising on Breitbart – "Sleeping Giants" initiative comes to Germany |url=https://www.gruenderszene.de/allgemein/sleeping-giants-breitbart-deutschland |access-date=2020-11-28 |website=Gründerszene Magazin |language=de}}</ref> |
'''Sleeping Giants''' is a [[social media activism]] organization aiming to pressure companies into removing [[advertisements]] from several conservative news outlets by publicly accusing them of malpractices such as [[fake news|misinformation]] and [[hate speech]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=2017-09-22 |title=The mysterious group that’s picking Breitbart apart, one tweet at a time |language=en-US |work=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-mysterious-group-thats-picking-breitbart-apart-one-tweet-at-a-time/2017/09/22/df1ee0c0-9d5c-11e7-9083-fbfddf6804c2_story.html |access-date=2020-10-05 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=September 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170922150522/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-mysterious-group-thats-picking-breitbart-apart-one-tweet-at-a-time/2017/09/22/df1ee0c0-9d5c-11e7-9083-fbfddf6804c2_story.html?utm_term=.4f34a5d80e78 |url-status=live }}</ref> The campaign started in November 2016,<ref name="CNET">{{cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/boycott-breitbart-lyft-hewlett-packard-t-mobile-autodesk-uber-amazon/ |title=Tech companies' newest cause celebre? Boycott Breitbart |last=Kerr |first=Dara |date=February 3, 2017 |newspaper=CNET |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=June 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611084108/https://www.cnet.com/news/boycott-breitbart-lyft-hewlett-packard-t-mobile-autodesk-uber-amazon/ |url-status=live }}</ref> shortly after [[Donald Trump]]'s victory in the [[2016 United States presidential election]], with the launch of a [[Twitter]] account aiming to boycott ''[[Breitbart News]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/07/opinion/sunday/how-to-destroy-the-business-model-of-breitbart-and-fake-news.html |title=How to Destroy the Business Model of Breitbart and Fake News |last=Kennedy |first=Pagan |date=January 7, 2017 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170918023712/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/07/opinion/sunday/how-to-destroy-the-business-model-of-breitbart-and-fake-news.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="TheNation">{{cite news |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/protesters-hitting-trump-actually-hurts/ |title=These Protesters Are Hitting Trump Where It Actually Hurts |work=The Nation |date=May 23, 2017 |first=Mattea |last=Kramer |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0027-8378 |archive-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213150432/https://www.thenation.com/article/protesters-hitting-trump-actually-hurts/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The campaign has sections in Australia,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-11-28 |title=Sleeping Giants Oz: How an anonymous Twitter account took on Sky News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/triplej/programs/hack/how-sleeping-giants-oz-took-on-sky-news/10563792 |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=[[ABC News (Australia)]] |language=en-AU |archive-date=June 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625222221/https://www.abc.net.au/triplej/programs/hack/how-sleeping-giants-oz-took-on-sky-news/10563792 |url-status=live }}</ref> Brazil,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Mann |first=Richard |date=2020-05-24 |title=Rapidly Growing, Sleeping Giants Movement Annoys Bolsonarist Shock Troops |url=https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/rapidly-growing-sleeping-giants-movement-annoys-bolsonarist-shock-troop-and-government/ |access-date=2020-09-20 |website=The Rio Times |language=en-US |archive-date=October 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027215407/https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/rapidly-growing-sleeping-giants-movement-annoys-bolsonarist-shock-troop-and-government/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Canada,<ref name=":3" /> France<ref name=":4" /> and Germany.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wirminghaus |first=Niklas |date=2017-02-27 |title=Keine Werbung auf Breitbart – Initiative "Sleeping Giants" kommt nach Deutschland |trans-title=No advertising on Breitbart – "Sleeping Giants" initiative comes to Germany |url=https://www.gruenderszene.de/allgemein/sleeping-giants-breitbart-deutschland |access-date=2020-11-28 |website=Gründerszene Magazin |language=de |archive-date=October 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026154453/https://www.gruenderszene.de/allgemein/sleeping-giants-breitbart-deutschland |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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The American campaign operated anonymously until ''[[The Daily Caller]]'' identified freelance copywriter Matt Rivitz as the founder, a story confirmed by Rivitz.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.adweek.com/agencies/the-daily-caller-names-founder-of-sleeping-giants-which-organized-breitbart-advertiser-boycotts/ |title=The Daily Caller Names Founder of Sleeping Giants, Which Organized Breitbart Advertiser Boycotts |work=Adweek |first=Patrick |last=Coffee |date=July 17, 2018 |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref> Shortly afterward, a ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' profile of Rivitz and freelance copywriter and marketing consultant [[Nandini Jammi]] said the two ran the campaign's Twitter account "along with other still anonymous contributors".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/20/business/media/sleeping-giants-breitbart-twitter.html |title=Revealed: The People Behind an Anti-Breitbart Twitter Account |newspaper=The New York Times |date= |
The American campaign operated anonymously until ''[[The Daily Caller]]'' identified freelance copywriter Matt Rivitz as the founder, a story confirmed by Rivitz.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.adweek.com/agencies/the-daily-caller-names-founder-of-sleeping-giants-which-organized-breitbart-advertiser-boycotts/ |title=The Daily Caller Names Founder of Sleeping Giants, Which Organized Breitbart Advertiser Boycotts |work=Adweek |first=Patrick |last=Coffee |date=July 17, 2018 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=September 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915070154/https://www.adweek.com/agencies/the-daily-caller-names-founder-of-sleeping-giants-which-organized-breitbart-advertiser-boycotts/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Shortly afterward, a ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' profile of Rivitz and freelance copywriter and marketing consultant [[Nandini Jammi]] said the two ran the campaign's Twitter account "along with other still anonymous contributors".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/20/business/media/sleeping-giants-breitbart-twitter.html |title=Revealed: The People Behind an Anti-Breitbart Twitter Account |newspaper=The New York Times |date= |author=Sapna Maheshwari |accessdate=July 9, 2020 |archive-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031034248/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/20/business/media/sleeping-giants-breitbart-twitter.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Other reports identified Jammi as "co-founder".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Swant|first=Marty|title=As Civil Rights Groups Ask Marketers To Boycott Facebook, Outdoor Brands Pause Spending|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/martyswant/2020/06/19/as-civil-rights-groups-ask-marketers-to-boycott-facebook-outdoor-brands-pause-spending/|access-date=2020-07-10|website=Forbes|language=en|archive-date=July 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710193444/https://www.forbes.com/sites/martyswant/2020/06/19/as-civil-rights-groups-ask-marketers-to-boycott-facebook-outdoor-brands-pause-spending/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Crowley|first=James|date=2019-11-05|title=PayPal to cut off donations to right-wing YouTuber Stefan Molyneux following social media divestment campaign|url=https://www.newsweek.com/alt-right-youtuber-cut-off-paypal-donations-1469936|access-date=2021-01-11|website=Newsweek|language=en|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103043631/https://www.newsweek.com/alt-right-youtuber-cut-off-paypal-donations-1469936|url-status=live}}</ref> Jammi later left Sleeping Giants, saying that Rivitz "gaslighted me out of the movement we built together".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://medium.com/@nandoodles/im-leaving-sleeping-giants-but-not-because-i-want-to-d9c4f488642/ |title=I’m leaving Sleeping Giants, but not because I want to |work=Medium |first=Nandini |last=Jammi |date=July 9, 2020 |access-date=July 9, 2020 |archive-date=July 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709232349/https://medium.com/@nandoodles/im-leaving-sleeping-giants-but-not-because-i-want-to-d9c4f488642 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nash|first=Charlie|date=2020-07-10|title=Sleeping Giants Apologizes to Woman of Color Co-Founder 'Gaslighted' Out of Org|url=https://www.mediaite.com/politics/sleeping-giants-apologizes-after-woman-of-color-co-founder-accuses-head-of-gaslighting-her-out/|access-date=2020-11-24|website=Mediaite|language=en|archive-date=November 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201122131930/https://www.mediaite.com/politics/sleeping-giants-apologizes-after-woman-of-color-co-founder-accuses-head-of-gaslighting-her-out/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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==Campaign against ''Breitbart News''== |
==Campaign against ''Breitbart News''== |
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The organization primarily operates from its Twitter account, and also has a Facebook account.<ref name=":6" /> |
The organization primarily operates from its Twitter account, and also has a Facebook account.<ref name=":6" /> |
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As of February 2017, 820 companies had joined the campaign and stopped advertising on ''Breitbart News'', according to statistics provided by the organization.<ref name="CNET" /> By May 2017, thousands of advertisers had stopped advertising with ''Breitbart''.<ref name="TheNation" /> The list of advertisers includes [[Allstate]], [[AT&T]], [[Autodesk]], [[BMW]], [[Deutsche Telekom]], [[HP Inc.]], [[Kellogg's]], [[Lenovo]], [[Lyft]], [[Visa Inc.|Visa]], [[Vimeo]], [[Nest Labs|Nest]], and [[Warby Parker]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2017/02/09/shopify-wont-remove-breitbarts-online-shop-claiming-free-speech/ |title=Shopify Won't Remove Breitbart's Online Shop, Claiming Free Speech |last=Quittner |first=Jeremy |date=February 9, 2017 |website=Fortune.com |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref><ref name="CNET" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/294422/various-companies-canadian-government-pull-ads-fr.html |title=Various Companies, Canadian Government Pull Ads From 'Breitbart News' |last=Guaglione |first=Sara |date=February 3, 2017 |website=MediaPost |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref><ref name="WSJ">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/breitbart-takes-aim-at-kellogg-in-ad-dispute-1480552446 |title=Breitbart Takes Aim at Kellogg in Ad Dispute |last=Perlberg |first=Steven |date=December 1, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0099-9660 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> |
As of February 2017, 820 companies had joined the campaign and stopped advertising on ''Breitbart News'', according to statistics provided by the organization.<ref name="CNET" /> By May 2017, thousands of advertisers had stopped advertising with ''Breitbart''.<ref name="TheNation" /> The list of advertisers includes [[Allstate]], [[AT&T]], [[Autodesk]], [[BMW]], [[Deutsche Telekom]], [[HP Inc.]], [[Kellogg's]], [[Lenovo]], [[Lyft]], [[Visa Inc.|Visa]], [[Vimeo]], [[Nest Labs|Nest]], and [[Warby Parker]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2017/02/09/shopify-wont-remove-breitbarts-online-shop-claiming-free-speech/ |title=Shopify Won't Remove Breitbart's Online Shop, Claiming Free Speech |last=Quittner |first=Jeremy |date=February 9, 2017 |website=Fortune.com |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=September 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911160011/http://fortune.com/2017/02/09/shopify-wont-remove-breitbarts-online-shop-claiming-free-speech/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CNET" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/294422/various-companies-canadian-government-pull-ads-fr.html |title=Various Companies, Canadian Government Pull Ads From 'Breitbart News' |last=Guaglione |first=Sara |date=February 3, 2017 |website=MediaPost |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=December 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216073158/https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/294422/various-companies-canadian-government-pull-ads-fr.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="WSJ">{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/breitbart-takes-aim-at-kellogg-in-ad-dispute-1480552446 |title=Breitbart Takes Aim at Kellogg in Ad Dispute |last=Perlberg |first=Steven |date=December 1, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0099-9660 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal |archive-date=December 9, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209005444/https://www.wsj.com/articles/breitbart-takes-aim-at-kellogg-in-ad-dispute-1480552446 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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The [[Government of Canada|Canadian government]] also stopped advertising on ''Breitbart News'' after declaring that its content "did not align with the Government's Code of Value and Ethics". Sleeping Giants' strategy combines traditional approaches to pressure advertisers with direct online activism, aiming to recruit and mobilize a large population of social media users. According to ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'', Sleeping Giants' strategy is similar to the one adopted in 2014 by the [[Gamergate controversy|Gamergate]] movement against [[Gawker Media]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2016/12/sleeping-giants-campaign-against-breitbart.html |title="Sleeping Giants" Is Borrowing Gamergate's Tactics to Attack ''Breitbart'' |last=Nwanevu |first=Osita |date=December 14, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=1091-2339 |newspaper=Slate}}</ref> |
The [[Government of Canada|Canadian government]] also stopped advertising on ''Breitbart News'' after declaring that its content "did not align with the Government's Code of Value and Ethics". Sleeping Giants' strategy combines traditional approaches to pressure advertisers with direct online activism, aiming to recruit and mobilize a large population of social media users. According to ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'', Sleeping Giants' strategy is similar to the one adopted in 2014 by the [[Gamergate controversy|Gamergate]] movement against [[Gawker Media]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2016/12/sleeping-giants-campaign-against-breitbart.html |title="Sleeping Giants" Is Borrowing Gamergate's Tactics to Attack ''Breitbart'' |last=Nwanevu |first=Osita |date=December 14, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=1091-2339 |newspaper=Slate |archive-date=October 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027215335/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2016/12/sleeping-giants-campaign-against-breitbart.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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''Breitbart News'' responded with a campaign to boycott Kellogg's products.<ref name="WSJ" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/nov/30/breitbart-news-kelloggs-advertising-boycott-alt-right |title=Breitbart declares war on Kellogg's after cereal brand pulls advertising from site |last=Woolf |first=Nicky |date=November 30, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0261-3077 |newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> |
''Breitbart News'' responded with a campaign to boycott Kellogg's products.<ref name="WSJ" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/nov/30/breitbart-news-kelloggs-advertising-boycott-alt-right |title=Breitbart declares war on Kellogg's after cereal brand pulls advertising from site |last=Woolf |first=Nicky |date=November 30, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2018 |issn=0261-3077 |newspaper=The Guardian |archive-date=January 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118011503/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/nov/30/breitbart-news-kelloggs-advertising-boycott-alt-right |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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== Other campaigns == |
== Other campaigns == |
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Sleeping Giants was involved in the campaign pressuring advertisers to drop ''[[The O'Reilly Factor]]'' after the discovery of five [[sexual harassment]] settlements by host [[Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)|Bill O'Reilly]] and [[Fox News]], which resulted in the show's cancellation.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-oreilly-social-media-20170420-story.html |title=How a social media campaign helped drive Bill O'Reilly out of Fox News |first=David |last=Pierson |date=April 21, 2017 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref> The group also participated in organizing the [[boycott of The Ingraham Angle|boycott of ''The Ingraham Angle'']] and pressured social networks to drop [[Alex Jones]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Anika |last=Gupta |title=How to Handle a Crowd |year=2020 |publisher=Tiller Press |isbn=978-1-9821-3231-6 |page=98}}</ref> |
Sleeping Giants was involved in the campaign pressuring advertisers to drop ''[[The O'Reilly Factor]]'' after the discovery of five [[sexual harassment]] settlements by host [[Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)|Bill O'Reilly]] and [[Fox News]], which resulted in the show's cancellation.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-oreilly-social-media-20170420-story.html |title=How a social media campaign helped drive Bill O'Reilly out of Fox News |first=David |last=Pierson |date=April 21, 2017 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121203928/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-oreilly-social-media-20170420-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The group also participated in organizing the [[boycott of The Ingraham Angle|boycott of ''The Ingraham Angle'']] and pressured social networks to drop [[Alex Jones]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Anika |last=Gupta |title=How to Handle a Crowd |year=2020 |publisher=Tiller Press |isbn=978-1-9821-3231-6 |page=98}}</ref> |
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Since May 2017, the Canadian section has used the same methods to persuade advertisers to remove ads from ''[[Rebel News]]'', a Canadian far-right media website.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2017/08/17/rebel-media-has-lost-300-advertisers-in-past-3-months-group_a_23081721/ |title=Rebel Media Has Lost 300 Advertisers In Past 3 Months: Group |first=Daniel |last=Tencer |date=August 17, 2017 |newspaper=Huffington Post |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Quan |first=Douglas |date=2017-05-24 |title=Anonymous Twitter group confronts companies whose ads appear on Rebel Media website |language=en |work=[[National Post]] |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/anonymous-twitter-group-confronts-companies-whose-ads-appear-on-rebel-media-website |access-date=2022-11-11}}</ref> |
Since May 2017, the Canadian section has used the same methods to persuade advertisers to remove ads from ''[[Rebel News]]'', a Canadian far-right media website.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2017/08/17/rebel-media-has-lost-300-advertisers-in-past-3-months-group_a_23081721/ |title=Rebel Media Has Lost 300 Advertisers In Past 3 Months: Group |first=Daniel |last=Tencer |date=August 17, 2017 |newspaper=Huffington Post |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=August 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812074847/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2017/08/17/rebel-media-has-lost-300-advertisers-in-past-3-months-group_a_23081721/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Quan |first=Douglas |date=2017-05-24 |title=Anonymous Twitter group confronts companies whose ads appear on Rebel Media website |language=en |work=[[National Post]] |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/anonymous-twitter-group-confronts-companies-whose-ads-appear-on-rebel-media-website |access-date=2022-11-11 |archive-date=May 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505032030/https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/anonymous-twitter-group-confronts-companies-whose-ads-appear-on-rebel-media-website |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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The French section also campaigns in a similar manner with regard to the [[French far-right]] website {{Ill|Boulevard Voltaire (website){{!}}Boulevard Voltaire|fr|Boulevard Voltaire (site web)}}.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jeanticou |first=Romain |date=August 30, 2017 |title=Boulevard Voltaire, le site fondé par Robert Ménard, lâché par ses annonceurs |language=French |trans-title=Boulevard Voltaire, the site founded by Robert Ménard, dropped by its advertisers |url=https://www.telerama.fr/medias/boulevard-voltaire,-le-site-fonde-par-robert-menard,-lache-par-ses-annonceurs,n5167380.php |access-date=November 21, 2018}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Plottu |first=Pierre |date=2019-12-02 |title=Après CNews, Valeurs actuelles est la nouvelle cible des Sleeping Giants |trans-title=After CNews, Current Values is the new target of Sleeping Giants |url=https://www.slate.fr/story/184761/collectif-activistes-sleeping-giants-valeurs-actuelles-discours-haine |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |language=fr-FR}}</ref> |
The French section also campaigns in a similar manner with regard to the [[French far-right]] website {{Ill|Boulevard Voltaire (website){{!}}Boulevard Voltaire|fr|Boulevard Voltaire (site web)}}.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jeanticou |first=Romain |date=August 30, 2017 |title=Boulevard Voltaire, le site fondé par Robert Ménard, lâché par ses annonceurs |language=French |trans-title=Boulevard Voltaire, the site founded by Robert Ménard, dropped by its advertisers |url=https://www.telerama.fr/medias/boulevard-voltaire,-le-site-fonde-par-robert-menard,-lache-par-ses-annonceurs,n5167380.php |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-date=October 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021111738/https://www.telerama.fr/medias/boulevard-voltaire,-le-site-fonde-par-robert-menard,-lache-par-ses-annonceurs,n5167380.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Plottu |first=Pierre |date=2019-12-02 |title=Après CNews, Valeurs actuelles est la nouvelle cible des Sleeping Giants |trans-title=After CNews, Current Values is the new target of Sleeping Giants |url=https://www.slate.fr/story/184761/collectif-activistes-sleeping-giants-valeurs-actuelles-discours-haine |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |language=fr-FR |archive-date=November 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111012744/https://www.slate.fr/story/184761/collectif-activistes-sleeping-giants-valeurs-actuelles-discours-haine |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
An Australian section named Sleeping Giants Oz was established in August 2017.<ref name=":5" /> In August 2018, Sleeping Giants Oz called on advertisers to boycott [[Sky News Australia]] after it broadcast an interview with [[Blair Cottrell]], an [[Far-right politics in Australia|Australian far-right]] extremist.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Zhou |first=Naaman |date=2018-08-07 |title=American Express pulls advertising from Sky News after far-right extremist interview |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2018/aug/07/advertisers-urged-to-pull-campaigns-from-sky-news-after-far-right-extremist-interview |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=[[The Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> |
An Australian section named Sleeping Giants Oz was established in August 2017.<ref name=":5" /> In August 2018, Sleeping Giants Oz called on advertisers to boycott [[Sky News Australia]] after it broadcast an interview with [[Blair Cottrell]], an [[Far-right politics in Australia|Australian far-right]] extremist.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Zhou |first=Naaman |date=2018-08-07 |title=American Express pulls advertising from Sky News after far-right extremist interview |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2018/aug/07/advertisers-urged-to-pull-campaigns-from-sky-news-after-far-right-extremist-interview |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=[[The Guardian]] |language=en |archive-date=November 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112100120/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2018/aug/07/advertisers-urged-to-pull-campaigns-from-sky-news-after-far-right-extremist-interview |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> |
||
A Brazilian section, Sleeping Giants Brasil, was established in May 2020.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Tsavkko |first=Raphael |last2=Garcia |date=2020-06-19 |title=Anonymous Twitter accounts in Brazil are pressuring advertisers to drop conservative media campaigns |url=https://www.insider.com/sleeping-giants-brasil-borrowing-us-tactic-for-fighting-misinformation-2020-6 |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Alves |first=Soraia |date=2020-05-21 |title=Sleeping Giants Brasil: iniciativa faz empresas retirarem anúncios de sites com fake news |trans-title=Sleeping Giants Brasil: initiative makes companies remove ads from sites with fake news |url=https://www.b9.com.br/sleeping-giants-brasil-anuncios-fake-news/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=B9 |language=pt-br}}</ref> Sleeping Giants Brasil gained traction<ref name=":2" /> against ''Jornal da Cidade On-line, Conexão Política'' and ''Brasil Sem Medo,'' right-wing and conservative outlets which support [[Jair Bolsonaro]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Biller |first=David |date=2020-12-13 |title=Swift backlash for Brazil students targeting misinformation |url=https://apnews.com/article/brazil-rio-de-janeiro-misinformation-coronavirus-pandemic-latin-america-ba4a7dbd4b57a53a6c4748aeb94b9bde |access-date=2020-12-14 |website=AP News |publisher=Associated Press}}</ref> They also tried to defund [[Olavo de Carvalho]]'s YouTube channel and online courses. Consequently [[PayPal]] decided to remove their services from Carvalho's online seminars<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fogel |first=Benjamin |date=2020-08-07 |title=PayPal blocks Olavo de Carvalho in latest blow for far-right ideologue |url=https://brazilian.report/tech/2020/08/07/paypal-blocks-olavo-de-carvalho-in-latest-blow-for-far-right-ideologue/ |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=The Brazilian Report}}</ref> upon violations of their terms and conditions of use due to his inflammatory rhetoric, polemic remarks and hate speech.<ref>{{Cite news |last=McCoy |first=Terrence |title=He’s the Rush Limbaugh of Brazil. He has Bolsonaro’s ear. And he lives in rural Virginia. |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/hes-the-rush-limbaugh-of-brazil-he-has-bolsonaros-ear-and-he-lives-in-rural-virginia/2019/07/14/4f73dee2-8ac4-11e9-8f69-a2795fca3343_story.html |access-date=2020-10-05 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Teitelbaum |first=Benjamin |date=2020-10-08 |title=The rise of the traditionalists: how a mystical doctrine is reshaping the right |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2020/10/rise-traditionalists-how-mystical-doctrine-reshaping-right |access-date=2020-10-08 |website=New Statesman |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=John Fowler |first=Mayhill |date= |title=Sleeping Giants Movement Undermines Jair Bolsonaro's Guru's Disinformation Web |url=https://www.offthebus.net/2020/08/19/sleeping-giants-movement-undermines-jair-bolsonaros-gurus-disinformation-web/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111120847/https://www.offthebus.net/2020/08/19/sleeping-giants-movement-undermines-jair-bolsonaros-gurus-disinformation-web/ |archive-date=2020-11-11 |website=Off The Bus |language=en-US}}</ref> |
A Brazilian section, Sleeping Giants Brasil, was established in May 2020.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Tsavkko |first=Raphael |last2=Garcia |date=2020-06-19 |title=Anonymous Twitter accounts in Brazil are pressuring advertisers to drop conservative media campaigns |url=https://www.insider.com/sleeping-giants-brasil-borrowing-us-tactic-for-fighting-misinformation-2020-6 |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en |archive-date=September 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915070210/https://www.insider.com/sleeping-giants-brasil-borrowing-us-tactic-for-fighting-misinformation-2020-6 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Alves |first=Soraia |date=2020-05-21 |title=Sleeping Giants Brasil: iniciativa faz empresas retirarem anúncios de sites com fake news |trans-title=Sleeping Giants Brasil: initiative makes companies remove ads from sites with fake news |url=https://www.b9.com.br/sleeping-giants-brasil-anuncios-fake-news/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=B9 |language=pt-br |archive-date=May 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505032030/https://platform.twitter.com/embed/Tweet.html?creatorScreenName=Soalves&dnt=false&embedId=twitter-widget-4&features=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%3D%3D&frame=false&hideCard=false&hideThread=false&id=1263157309963993088&lang=pt&origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b9.com.br%2F126467%2Fsleeping-giants-brasil-anuncios-fake-news%2F&sessionId=9d8ac3113905ec942044837847437e5ed5a8fab6&siteScreenName=brains9&theme=light&widgetsVersion=2615f7e52b7e0%3A1702314776716&width=550px |url-status=live }}</ref> Sleeping Giants Brasil gained traction<ref name=":2" /> against ''Jornal da Cidade On-line, Conexão Política'' and ''Brasil Sem Medo,'' right-wing and conservative outlets which support [[Jair Bolsonaro]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Biller |first=David |date=2020-12-13 |title=Swift backlash for Brazil students targeting misinformation |url=https://apnews.com/article/brazil-rio-de-janeiro-misinformation-coronavirus-pandemic-latin-america-ba4a7dbd4b57a53a6c4748aeb94b9bde |access-date=2020-12-14 |website=AP News |publisher=Associated Press |archive-date=December 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213205745/https://apnews.com/article/brazil-rio-de-janeiro-misinformation-coronavirus-pandemic-latin-america-ba4a7dbd4b57a53a6c4748aeb94b9bde |url-status=live }}</ref> They also tried to defund [[Olavo de Carvalho]]'s YouTube channel and online courses. Consequently [[PayPal]] decided to remove their services from Carvalho's online seminars<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fogel |first=Benjamin |date=2020-08-07 |title=PayPal blocks Olavo de Carvalho in latest blow for far-right ideologue |url=https://brazilian.report/tech/2020/08/07/paypal-blocks-olavo-de-carvalho-in-latest-blow-for-far-right-ideologue/ |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=The Brazilian Report |archive-date=September 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916152831/https://brazilian.report/tech/2020/08/07/paypal-blocks-olavo-de-carvalho-in-latest-blow-for-far-right-ideologue/ |url-status=live }}</ref> upon violations of their terms and conditions of use due to his inflammatory rhetoric, polemic remarks and hate speech.<ref>{{Cite news |last=McCoy |first=Terrence |title=He’s the Rush Limbaugh of Brazil. He has Bolsonaro’s ear. And he lives in rural Virginia. |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/hes-the-rush-limbaugh-of-brazil-he-has-bolsonaros-ear-and-he-lives-in-rural-virginia/2019/07/14/4f73dee2-8ac4-11e9-8f69-a2795fca3343_story.html |access-date=2020-10-05 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009073318/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/hes-the-rush-limbaugh-of-brazil-he-has-bolsonaros-ear-and-he-lives-in-rural-virginia/2019/07/14/4f73dee2-8ac4-11e9-8f69-a2795fca3343_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Teitelbaum |first=Benjamin |date=2020-10-08 |title=The rise of the traditionalists: how a mystical doctrine is reshaping the right |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2020/10/rise-traditionalists-how-mystical-doctrine-reshaping-right |access-date=2020-10-08 |website=New Statesman |language=en |archive-date=October 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011135812/https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2020/10/rise-traditionalists-how-mystical-doctrine-reshaping-right |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=John Fowler |first=Mayhill |date= |title=Sleeping Giants Movement Undermines Jair Bolsonaro's Guru's Disinformation Web |url=https://www.offthebus.net/2020/08/19/sleeping-giants-movement-undermines-jair-bolsonaros-gurus-disinformation-web/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111120847/https://www.offthebus.net/2020/08/19/sleeping-giants-movement-undermines-jair-bolsonaros-gurus-disinformation-web/ |archive-date=2020-11-11 |website=Off The Bus |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
Latest revision as of 03:22, 5 May 2024
Formation | November 2016 |
---|---|
Founders | Matt Rivitz, Nandini Jammi |
Founded at | United States |
Sleeping Giants is a social media activism organization aiming to pressure companies into removing advertisements from several conservative news outlets by publicly accusing them of malpractices such as misinformation and hate speech.[1] The campaign started in November 2016,[2] shortly after Donald Trump's victory in the 2016 United States presidential election, with the launch of a Twitter account aiming to boycott Breitbart News.[3][4] The campaign has sections in Australia,[5] Brazil,[6] Canada,[7] France[8] and Germany.[9]
The American campaign operated anonymously until The Daily Caller identified freelance copywriter Matt Rivitz as the founder, a story confirmed by Rivitz.[10] Shortly afterward, a New York Times profile of Rivitz and freelance copywriter and marketing consultant Nandini Jammi said the two ran the campaign's Twitter account "along with other still anonymous contributors".[11] Other reports identified Jammi as "co-founder".[12][13] Jammi later left Sleeping Giants, saying that Rivitz "gaslighted me out of the movement we built together".[14][15]
Campaign against Breitbart News
The organization primarily operates from its Twitter account, and also has a Facebook account.[1]
As of February 2017, 820 companies had joined the campaign and stopped advertising on Breitbart News, according to statistics provided by the organization.[2] By May 2017, thousands of advertisers had stopped advertising with Breitbart.[4] The list of advertisers includes Allstate, AT&T, Autodesk, BMW, Deutsche Telekom, HP Inc., Kellogg's, Lenovo, Lyft, Visa, Vimeo, Nest, and Warby Parker.[16][2][17][18]
The Canadian government also stopped advertising on Breitbart News after declaring that its content "did not align with the Government's Code of Value and Ethics". Sleeping Giants' strategy combines traditional approaches to pressure advertisers with direct online activism, aiming to recruit and mobilize a large population of social media users. According to Slate, Sleeping Giants' strategy is similar to the one adopted in 2014 by the Gamergate movement against Gawker Media.[19]
Breitbart News responded with a campaign to boycott Kellogg's products.[18][20]
Other campaigns
Sleeping Giants was involved in the campaign pressuring advertisers to drop The O'Reilly Factor after the discovery of five sexual harassment settlements by host Bill O'Reilly and Fox News, which resulted in the show's cancellation.[21] The group also participated in organizing the boycott of The Ingraham Angle and pressured social networks to drop Alex Jones.[22]
Since May 2017, the Canadian section has used the same methods to persuade advertisers to remove ads from Rebel News, a Canadian far-right media website.[23][7]
The French section also campaigns in a similar manner with regard to the French far-right website Boulevard Voltaire .[24][8]
An Australian section named Sleeping Giants Oz was established in August 2017.[25] In August 2018, Sleeping Giants Oz called on advertisers to boycott Sky News Australia after it broadcast an interview with Blair Cottrell, an Australian far-right extremist.[25][5]
A Brazilian section, Sleeping Giants Brasil, was established in May 2020.[26][27] Sleeping Giants Brasil gained traction[6] against Jornal da Cidade On-line, Conexão Política and Brasil Sem Medo, right-wing and conservative outlets which support Jair Bolsonaro.[26][28] They also tried to defund Olavo de Carvalho's YouTube channel and online courses. Consequently PayPal decided to remove their services from Carvalho's online seminars[29] upon violations of their terms and conditions of use due to his inflammatory rhetoric, polemic remarks and hate speech.[30][31][32]
See also
References
- ^ a b Farhi, Paul (September 22, 2017). "The mysterious group that's picking Breitbart apart, one tweet at a time". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on September 22, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
- ^ a b c Kerr, Dara (February 3, 2017). "Tech companies' newest cause celebre? Boycott Breitbart". CNET. Archived from the original on June 11, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Kennedy, Pagan (January 7, 2017). "How to Destroy the Business Model of Breitbart and Fake News". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ a b Kramer, Mattea (May 23, 2017). "These Protesters Are Hitting Trump Where It Actually Hurts". The Nation. ISSN 0027-8378. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ a b "Sleeping Giants Oz: How an anonymous Twitter account took on Sky News". ABC News (Australia). November 28, 2018. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ a b Mann, Richard (May 24, 2020). "Rapidly Growing, Sleeping Giants Movement Annoys Bolsonarist Shock Troops". The Rio Times. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
- ^ a b Quan, Douglas (May 24, 2017). "Anonymous Twitter group confronts companies whose ads appear on Rebel Media website". National Post. Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ a b Plottu, Pierre (December 2, 2019). "Après CNews, Valeurs actuelles est la nouvelle cible des Sleeping Giants" [After CNews, Current Values is the new target of Sleeping Giants]. Slate (in French). Archived from the original on November 11, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ Wirminghaus, Niklas (February 27, 2017). "Keine Werbung auf Breitbart – Initiative "Sleeping Giants" kommt nach Deutschland" [No advertising on Breitbart – "Sleeping Giants" initiative comes to Germany]. Gründerszene Magazin (in German). Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
- ^ Coffee, Patrick (July 17, 2018). "The Daily Caller Names Founder of Sleeping Giants, Which Organized Breitbart Advertiser Boycotts". Adweek. Archived from the original on September 15, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Sapna Maheshwari. "Revealed: The People Behind an Anti-Breitbart Twitter Account". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ Swant, Marty. "As Civil Rights Groups Ask Marketers To Boycott Facebook, Outdoor Brands Pause Spending". Forbes. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
- ^ Crowley, James (November 5, 2019). "PayPal to cut off donations to right-wing YouTuber Stefan Molyneux following social media divestment campaign". Newsweek. Archived from the original on January 3, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Jammi, Nandini (July 9, 2020). "I'm leaving Sleeping Giants, but not because I want to". Medium. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ Nash, Charlie (July 10, 2020). "Sleeping Giants Apologizes to Woman of Color Co-Founder 'Gaslighted' Out of Org". Mediaite. Archived from the original on November 22, 2020. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
- ^ Quittner, Jeremy (February 9, 2017). "Shopify Won't Remove Breitbart's Online Shop, Claiming Free Speech". Fortune.com. Archived from the original on September 11, 2018. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Guaglione, Sara (February 3, 2017). "Various Companies, Canadian Government Pull Ads From 'Breitbart News'". MediaPost. Archived from the original on December 16, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ a b Perlberg, Steven (December 1, 2016). "Breitbart Takes Aim at Kellogg in Ad Dispute". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on December 9, 2018. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Nwanevu, Osita (December 14, 2016). ""Sleeping Giants" Is Borrowing Gamergate's Tactics to Attack Breitbart". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Woolf, Nicky (November 30, 2016). "Breitbart declares war on Kellogg's after cereal brand pulls advertising from site". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Pierson, David (April 21, 2017). "How a social media campaign helped drive Bill O'Reilly out of Fox News". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 21, 2018. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Gupta, Anika (2020). How to Handle a Crowd. Tiller Press. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-9821-3231-6.
- ^ Tencer, Daniel (August 17, 2017). "Rebel Media Has Lost 300 Advertisers In Past 3 Months: Group". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ Jeanticou, Romain (August 30, 2017). "Boulevard Voltaire, le site fondé par Robert Ménard, lâché par ses annonceurs" [Boulevard Voltaire, the site founded by Robert Ménard, dropped by its advertisers] (in French). Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ a b Zhou, Naaman (August 7, 2018). "American Express pulls advertising from Sky News after far-right extremist interview". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 12, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ a b Tsavkko, Raphael; Garcia (June 19, 2020). "Anonymous Twitter accounts in Brazil are pressuring advertisers to drop conservative media campaigns". Business Insider. Archived from the original on September 15, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
- ^ Alves, Soraia (May 21, 2020). "Sleeping Giants Brasil: iniciativa faz empresas retirarem anúncios de sites com fake news" [Sleeping Giants Brasil: initiative makes companies remove ads from sites with fake news]. B9 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
- ^ Biller, David (December 13, 2020). "Swift backlash for Brazil students targeting misinformation". AP News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 13, 2020. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
- ^ Fogel, Benjamin (August 7, 2020). "PayPal blocks Olavo de Carvalho in latest blow for far-right ideologue". The Brazilian Report. Archived from the original on September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
- ^ McCoy, Terrence. "He's the Rush Limbaugh of Brazil. He has Bolsonaro's ear. And he lives in rural Virginia". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
- ^ Teitelbaum, Benjamin (October 8, 2020). "The rise of the traditionalists: how a mystical doctrine is reshaping the right". New Statesman. Archived from the original on October 11, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
- ^ John Fowler, Mayhill. "Sleeping Giants Movement Undermines Jair Bolsonaro's Guru's Disinformation Web". Off The Bus. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020.
Further reading
- Gupta, Anika (2020). "Chapter 4 - Bringing the Revolution: Sleeping Giants and the Battle over Online Advertising". How to Handle a Crowd. Tiller Press. pp. 86–105. ISBN 978-1-9821-3231-6.