Алексей Шелег (talk | contribs) moved from Shikimic acid pathway (redirect) |
Added the detail that shikimic acid pathway is found in microbes that are in animals. |
||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
The '''shikimate pathway''' (shikimic acid pathway) is a seven step metabolic route used by [[bacterium|bacteria]], [[fungus|fungi]], [[alga]]e, parasites and plants for the [[biosynthesis]] of [[aromatic amino acid]]s ([[phenylalanine]], [[tyrosine]], and [[tryptophan]]).<!--The fourth aromatic amino acid [[tyrosine]] can be synthesized from phenylalanine. (fourth ?)--> This [[Metabolic pathway|pathway]] is not found in animals, hence the products of this pathway represent [[essential amino acid]]s that must be obtained from the animal's diet. |
The '''shikimate pathway''' (shikimic acid pathway) is a seven step metabolic route used by [[bacterium|bacteria]], [[fungus|fungi]], [[alga]]e, parasites and plants for the [[biosynthesis]] of [[aromatic amino acid]]s ([[phenylalanine]], [[tyrosine]], and [[tryptophan]]).<!--The fourth aromatic amino acid [[tyrosine]] can be synthesized from phenylalanine. (fourth ?)--> This [[Metabolic pathway|pathway]] is not found in animals, hence the products of this pathway represent [[essential amino acid]]s that must be obtained from the animal's diet. However, this pathway is found with microbes that live within animals in the gut microbiome. |
||
The first [[enzyme]] involved is the [[shikimate kinase]], an enzyme that catalyzes the [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]]-dependent [[phosphorylation]] of [[Shikimic acid|shikimate]] to form [[shikimate 3-phosphate]].<ref>{{Cite pmid|15012217}}</ref> Shikimate 3-phosphate is then coupled with [[phosphoenol pyruvate]] to give [[5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate]] via the enzyme [[EPSP synthase|5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase]]. |
The first [[enzyme]] involved is the [[shikimate kinase]], an enzyme that catalyzes the [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]]-dependent [[phosphorylation]] of [[Shikimic acid|shikimate]] to form [[shikimate 3-phosphate]].<ref>{{Cite pmid|15012217}}</ref> Shikimate 3-phosphate is then coupled with [[phosphoenol pyruvate]] to give [[5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate]] via the enzyme [[EPSP synthase|5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase]]. |
Revision as of 10:47, 5 May 2015
The shikimate pathway (shikimic acid pathway) is a seven step metabolic route used by bacteria, fungi, algae, parasites and plants for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan). This pathway is not found in animals, hence the products of this pathway represent essential amino acids that must be obtained from the animal's diet. However, this pathway is found with microbes that live within animals in the gut microbiome.
The first enzyme involved is the shikimate kinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of shikimate to form shikimate 3-phosphate.[1] Shikimate 3-phosphate is then coupled with phosphoenol pyruvate to give 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate via the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase.
Then 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate is transformed into chorismate by a chorismate synthase.
Prephenic acid is then synthesized by a Claisen rearrangement of chorismate by Chorismate mutase.[2][3]
Prephenate is oxidatively decarboxylated with retention of the hydroxyl group to give p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, which is transaminated using glutamate as the nitrogen source to give tyrosine and α-ketoglutarate.
References
- ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 15012217, please use {{cite journal}} with
|pmid=15012217
instead. - ^ Helmut Goerisch (1978). "On the mechanism of the chorismate mutase reaction". Biochemistry. 17 (18): 3700. doi:10.1021/bi00611a004.
- ^ Peter Kast, Yadu B. Tewari, Olaf Wiest, Donald Hilvert, Kendall N. Houk, and Robert N. Goldberg (1997). "Thermodynamics of the Conversion of Chorismate to Prephenate: Experimental Results and Theoretical Predictions". J. Phys. Chem. B. 101 (50): 10976–10982. doi:10.1021/jp972501l.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Bibliography
- Brown, Stewart A.; Neish, A. C. (1955). "Shikimic Acid as a Precursor in Lignin Biosynthesis". Nature. 175 (4459): 688–689. doi:10.1038/175688a0. ISSN 0028-0836.
- Weinstein, L. H.; Porter, C. A.; Laurencot, H. J. (1962). "Role of the Shikimic Acid Pathway in the Formation of Tryptophan in Higher Plants : Evidence for an Alternative Pathway in the Bean". Nature. 194 (4824): 205–206. doi:10.1038/194205a0. ISSN 0028-0836.
- Wilson, D J; Patton, S; Florova, G; Hale, V; Reynolds, K A (1998). "The shikimic acid pathway and polyketide biosynthesis". Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 20 (5): 299–303. doi:10.1038/sj.jim.2900527. ISSN 1367-5435.