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[[File:Electric double-layer (BMD model) NT.PNG|thumb|200px|Scheme on double layer on electrode (BMD model).<br/> 1. IHP Inner Helmholtz Layer<br/> 2. OHP Outer Helmholtz Layer<br/> 3. Diffuse layer<br/> 4. Solvated ions<br/> '''5. Specifically adsorptive ions (Pseudocapacitance)'''<br/> 6. Solvent molecule.]] |
[[File:Electric double-layer (BMD model) NT.PNG|thumb|200px|Scheme on double layer on electrode (BMD model).<br/> 1. IHP Inner Helmholtz Layer<br/> 2. OHP Outer Helmholtz Layer<br/> 3. Diffuse layer<br/> 4. Solvated ions<br/> '''5. Specifically adsorptive ions (Pseudocapacitance)'''<br/> 6. Solvent molecule.]] |
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'''Pseudocapacitors''' store electrical energy [[Faradaic current|faradaically]] by electron charge transfer between [[electrode]] and [[electrolyte]]. This is accomplished through [[Capacitive deionization|electrosorption]], reduction-oxidation reactions ([[Redox|redox reactions]]), and [[intercalation (chemistry)|intercalation]] processes, |
'''Pseudocapacitors''' store electrical energy [[Faradaic current|faradaically]] by electron charge transfer between [[electrode]] and [[electrolyte]]. This is accomplished through [[Capacitive deionization|electrosorption]], reduction-oxidation reactions ([[Redox|redox reactions]]), and [[intercalation (chemistry)|intercalation]] processes, termed ''[[pseudocapacitance]]''.<ref name="conway1">{{Literatur|Autor=B. E. Conway|Titel=Electrochemical Supercapacitors: Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications|Verlag=Springer|Ort=Berlin|ISBN=0306457369|Jahr=1999|Seiten=1-8|Online={{Google books|8yvzlr9TqI0C|page=1|plainurl=yes}}}} see also [http://electrochem.cwru.edu/encycl/art-c03-elchem-cap.htm Brian E. Conway in Electrochemistry Encyclopedia: ''ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS Their Nature, Function, and Applications'']</ref><ref name="Halper">{{cite techreport|author= Marin S. Halper, James C. Ellenbogen |title= Supercapacitors: A Brief Overview |publisher=MITRE Nanosystems Group|date= March 2006|url= http://www.mitre.org/sites/default/files/pdf/06_0667.pdf ||accessdate=2014-01-20}}</ref><ref name="Frackowiak">E. Frackowiak, F. Beguin: ''Carbon Materials For The Electrochemical Storage Of Energy In Capacitors.'' In: ''CARBON.'' 39, 2001, S. 937–950 ([http://144.206.159.178/ft/145/34337/587733.pdf PDF]) E. Frackowiak, K. Jurewicz, S. Delpeux, F. Béguin: ''Nanotubular Materials For Supercapacitors.'' In: ''Journal of Power Sources.'' Volumes 97–98, Juli 2001, S. 822–825, {{doi|10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00736-4}}.</ref> |
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A pseudocapacitor is part of an [[Electrochemistry|electrochemical]] [[capacitor]], and forms together with an [[electric double-layer capacitor]] (EDLC) to create a [[supercapacitor]]. |
A pseudocapacitor is part of an [[Electrochemistry|electrochemical]] [[capacitor]], and forms together with an [[electric double-layer capacitor]] (EDLC) to create a [[supercapacitor]]. |
Revision as of 13:03, 14 September 2015
Pseudocapacitors store electrical energy faradaically by electron charge transfer between electrode and electrolyte. This is accomplished through electrosorption, reduction-oxidation reactions (redox reactions), and intercalation processes, termed pseudocapacitance.[1][2][3]
A pseudocapacitor is part of an electrochemical capacitor, and forms together with an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) to create a supercapacitor.
A pseudocapacitor has a chemical reaction at the electrode, unlike EDLCs where the electrical charge storage is stored electrostatically with no interaction between the electrode and the ions. An example is a redox reaction where the ion is O2+ and during charging, one electrode hosts a reduction reaction and the other an oxidation reaction. Under discharge the reactions are reversed.
Unlike batteries, in faradaic electron charge-transfer ions simply cling to the atomic structure of an electrode. This faradaic energy storage with only fast redox reactions makes charging and discharging much faster than batteries.
Double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance combine to produce a supercapacitor's capacitance value. Pseudocapacitance may be higher by a factor of 100 than double-layer capacitance with the same electrode surface.
References
- ^ B. E. Conway (1999), Electrochemical Supercapacitors: Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications, Berlin: Springer, pp. 1–8, ISBN 0306457369 see also Brian E. Conway in Electrochemistry Encyclopedia: ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS Their Nature, Function, and Applications
- ^ Marin S. Halper, James C. Ellenbogen (March 2006). Supercapacitors: A Brief Overview (PDF) (Technical report). MITRE Nanosystems Group. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
{{cite tech report}}
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(help) - ^ E. Frackowiak, F. Beguin: Carbon Materials For The Electrochemical Storage Of Energy In Capacitors. In: CARBON. 39, 2001, S. 937–950 (PDF) E. Frackowiak, K. Jurewicz, S. Delpeux, F. Béguin: Nanotubular Materials For Supercapacitors. In: Journal of Power Sources. Volumes 97–98, Juli 2001, S. 822–825, doi:10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00736-4.