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Scholars view the Przeworsk culture as an amalgam of a series of localized cultures. Continuity with the preceding [[Pomeranian culture]] is observed, albeit modified by significant influences from the [[La Tene culture|La Tene]] and [[Jastorf Culture|Jastorf]] cultures. |
Scholars view the Przeworsk culture as an amalgam of a series of localized cultures. Continuity with the preceding [[Pomeranian culture]] is observed, albeit modified by significant influences from the [[La Tene culture|La Tene]] and [[Jastorf Culture|Jastorf]] cultures. |
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Ptolemy, in the 2nd century AD, would describe the Vistula as the border between [[Germania]] and [[Sarmatia]]. The Przeworsk culture is sometimes associated with the [[Vandals]] named by ancient geographers.<ref>http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/BPL_Images/Content_store/Sample_chapter/1405117141/Todd_sample%20chapter_The%20early%20germans.pdf</ref>. The [[Goths]] are thought to have migrated out of [[Scandinavia]] into the [[Baltic]] coast of Poland (likely in the 2nd century B.C., but possibly as early as the 5th century B.C.) and, by around 120 B.C., had settled in Silesia,<ref>Encyclopedia of European people, "Vandals", p.821</ref> adding to the period of strong Scandinavian influence on Poland that had lasted since the Bronze age.<ref>Kaliff, Anders. 2001. Gothic Connections. Contacts between eastern Scandinavia and the southern Baltic coast 1000 BC – 500 AD.</ref> |
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To the east, in what is now northern [[Ukraine]] and southern [[Belarus]], was the [[Zarubintsy culture]]. Much of this area was subsequently absorbed by the [[Wielbark culture]].<ref>{{harvtxt|Heather|1998|p=38}}</ref> |
To the east, in what is now northern [[Ukraine]] and southern [[Belarus]], was the [[Zarubintsy culture]]. Much of this area was subsequently absorbed by the [[Wielbark culture]].<ref>{{harvtxt|Heather|1998|p=38}}</ref> |
Revision as of 03:24, 11 December 2013
The Przeworsk[1] culture is part of an Iron Age archaeological complex that dates from the 3rd century BC to the 5th century AD.
It was located in what is now central and southern Poland - the upper Oder to the Vistula basin, later spreading to parts of eastern Slovakia and Subcarpathia ranging between the Oder and the middle and upper Vistula Rivers and extending south towards the middle Danube into the headwaters of the Dniester and Tisza Rivers. It takes its name from the village near the town Przeworsk where the first artifacts were found.
Influences
Scholars view the Przeworsk culture as an amalgam of a series of localized cultures. Continuity with the preceding Pomeranian culture is observed, albeit modified by significant influences from the La Tene and Jastorf cultures.
Ptolemy, in the 2nd century AD, would describe the Vistula as the border between Germania and Sarmatia. The Przeworsk culture is sometimes associated with the Vandals named by ancient geographers.[2]. The Goths are thought to have migrated out of Scandinavia into the Baltic coast of Poland (likely in the 2nd century B.C., but possibly as early as the 5th century B.C.) and, by around 120 B.C., had settled in Silesia,[3] adding to the period of strong Scandinavian influence on Poland that had lasted since the Bronze age.[4]
To the east, in what is now northern Ukraine and southern Belarus, was the Zarubintsy culture. Much of this area was subsequently absorbed by the Wielbark culture.[5]
Features
The main characteristic feature of the Przeworsk culture are burials. These were mostly cremations, with occasional inhumation. Warrior burials are notable, which often include horse-gear and spurs. Some burials are exceptionally rich, overshadowing the graves of Germanic groups further west, especially after 400 AD.[6] Pottery and metalwork are often rich and show a great variety [7]
Decline
The culture's decline in the late 5th century coincides with the invasion of the Huns.
Other factors may include the social crisis that occurred as a result of the collapse of the Roman world and the trade contacts it maintained with peoples beyond its borders.[8] In the late 5/6th century, the Prague-Korchak culture appears in the Vistula basin.
See also
Notes
- ^ Polish pronunciation: [ˈpʂɛvɔrsk]
- ^ http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/content/BPL_Images/Content_store/Sample_chapter/1405117141/Todd_sample%20chapter_The%20early%20germans.pdf
- ^ Encyclopedia of European people, "Vandals", p.821
- ^ Kaliff, Anders. 2001. Gothic Connections. Contacts between eastern Scandinavia and the southern Baltic coast 1000 BC – 500 AD.
- ^ Heather (1998, p. 38)
- ^ Vandals, Romans and Berbers. New Perspectives on Late Antique North Africa. A H Merrills. 2004, Ashgate. Page 35
- ^ Todd. Pg 26
- ^ The Archaeology of early medieval Poland. A Buzko. Brill 2008. Page 62
Resources
- Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 1-884964-98-2
- Todd, Malcolm, The Early Germans, Blackwell Publishing, ISBN 0-631-19904-7
- Heather, Peter (2006), The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-515954-3
- Cunliffe, Barry; Todd, Malcolm (2001), The Oxford Illustrated History of Prehistoric Europe, Oxford, ISBN 0-19-285441-0