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{{Distinguish|Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza (1878–1920)|Prince Luís Gastão of Orléans-Braganza}} |
{{Distinguish|Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza (1878–1920)|Prince Luís Gastão of Orléans-Braganza}} |
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{{Infobox royalty |
{{Infobox royalty |
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| name = |
| name = Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza |
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| image = |
| image = File:Dom Luiz de Orleans e Bragança, Príncipe e Chefe da Casa Imperial do Brasil.jpg |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| succession = [[Brazilian imperial family|Head of the Imperial House of Brazil]]<br />(''disputed'') |
| succession = [[Brazilian imperial family|Head of the Imperial House of Brazil]]<br />(''disputed'') |
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| religion = [[Roman Catholic]] |
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]] |
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}} |
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'''Luiz Gastão Maria José Pio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança e Wittelsbach'' |
'''Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza''' (''Luiz Gastão Maria José Pio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança e Wittelsbach''; born 6 June 1938) is the head of the Vassouras branch of the [[House of Orléans-Braganza]] and a claimant to the defunct Brazilian throne. The Vassouras branch claims the throne in opposition to the Petrópolis branch of the Orléans-Braganzas, headed by [[Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza]]. Though both Luiz and Pedro Carlos are great-great-grandchildren of Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil]], of the [[House of Braganza]], they dispute leadership over the [[Brazilian Imperial Family]] due to a dynastic dispute concerning their fathers, who were cousins. |
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Luiz actively claims the defunct throne and participates in matters concerning Brazil's imperial past. |
Luiz actively claims the defunct throne and participates in matters concerning Brazil's imperial past. |
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*In pretence: ''His Imperial and Royal Highness'' Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza<ref name="Biography"/><ref name="Estadão">{{cite web|last=O|first=Estado de São Paulo|author-link=O Estado de S. Paulo|title =Head of the Imperial House of Brazil defends the return of the monarchy to Brazil out of the crisis|publisher=O Estado de São Paulo|url=http://politica.estadao.com.br/blogs/coluna-do-estadao/chefe-da-casa-imperial-defende-a-volta-da-monarquia-para-brasil-sair-da-crise/|access-date=19 March 2017}}</ref> |
*In pretence: ''His Imperial and Royal Highness'' Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza<ref name="Biography"/><ref name="Estadão">{{cite web|last=O|first=Estado de São Paulo|author-link=O Estado de S. Paulo|title =Head of the Imperial House of Brazil defends the return of the monarchy to Brazil out of the crisis|publisher=O Estado de São Paulo|url=http://politica.estadao.com.br/blogs/coluna-do-estadao/chefe-da-casa-imperial-defende-a-volta-da-monarquia-para-brasil-sair-da-crise/|access-date=19 March 2017}}</ref> |
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Officially Brazil has not recognized [[hereditary title]]s since 1891. |
Officially Brazil has not recognized [[hereditary title]]s since 1891.{{citation needed}} |
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=== Honours === |
=== Honours === |
Revision as of 15:25, 6 March 2022
Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza | |||||
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File:Dom Luiz de Orleans e Bragança, Príncipe e Chefe da Casa Imperial do Brasil.jpg | |||||
Head of the Imperial House of Brazil (disputed) | |||||
Pretence | 5 July 1981 – present | ||||
Predecessor | Pedro Henrique | ||||
Heir presumptive | Bertrand | ||||
Born | Mandelieu-la-Napoule, France | 6 June 1938||||
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House | Orléans-Braganza | ||||
Father | Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza | ||||
Mother | Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria | ||||
Religion | Roman Catholic |
Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza (Luiz Gastão Maria José Pio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança e Wittelsbach; born 6 June 1938) is the head of the Vassouras branch of the House of Orléans-Braganza and a claimant to the defunct Brazilian throne. The Vassouras branch claims the throne in opposition to the Petrópolis branch of the Orléans-Braganzas, headed by Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza. Though both Luiz and Pedro Carlos are great-great-grandchildren of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, of the House of Braganza, they dispute leadership over the Brazilian Imperial Family due to a dynastic dispute concerning their fathers, who were cousins.
Luiz actively claims the defunct throne and participates in matters concerning Brazil's imperial past.
Early life
Luiz Gastão Maria José Pio[1] was born on 6 June 1938 in Mandelieu-la-Napoule, France, as the oldest son Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza, the Vassouras great-grandson of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, and his wife, Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria, granddaughter of King Ludwig III of Bavaria.
Although Prince Luiz was born after revocation of the exile that had been imposed on the Imperial family by Brazil's first Republican government, the aftermath of World War I and World War II detained the entire family in Europe until 1945, when the Vassouras branch of the family was finally repatriated, settling first in the town of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro), then to Jacarezinho (Paraná).
In 1957, Luiz returned to Europe to finish his studies, where he graduated in chemistry at the University of Munich.[2] Returning to Brazil in 1967, his family having already moved to Vassouras (Rio de Janeiro), Prince Luiz became a member of the Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property,[3] a traditionalist Catholic organization which opposes socialistic land reform and supports conservative politics based on Catholic social doctrine and the principles promoted by Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira. Alongside Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, his Portuguese counterpart he opposes same-sex marital unions, as of a 2015 declaration.[4]
Succession
On 1981, he succeeded Prince Pedro Henrique as the claimant to the Brazilian throne in the Vassouras branch. According to Brazilian legitimist claims, he is de jure Emperor of Brazil ("Luiz I of Brazil").[5]
He and two of his younger brothers, Prince Bertrand and Prince Antônio, have engaged in monarchist proselytism in Brazil. They played major roles during the campaign for the 1993 plebiscite, which represented the first official opportunity for a return of the monarchy to Brazil since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889. In it, the people were asked to choose which form of government, presidential or parliamentary, and which form of state organization, republic or constitutional monarchy, Brazil should have. The monarchist cause was not successful, receiving 13.2% of the vote against 66% for the republic.[6]
Currently, Dom Luiz resides in a house with "no luxury nor splendor" in Higienópolis, a borough of São Paulo, Brazil.[7]
Titles and honours
Styles of Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza | |
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Reference style | His Imperial and Royal Highness |
Spoken style | Your Imperial and Royal Highness |
Titles
Officially Brazil has not recognized hereditary titles since 1891.[citation needed]
Honours
As Head of the House of Orléans-Braganza, Luiz Gastão holds the following positions:[citation needed]
- Grand Master and Sovereign of the Imperial Order of Christ
- Grand Master and Sovereign of the Imperial Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz
- Grand Master and Sovereign of the Imperial Order of Saint James of the Sword
- Grand Master and Sovereign of the Imperial Order of the Southern Cross
- Grand Master and Sovereign of the Imperial Order of Emperor Pedro I
- Grand Master and Sovereign of the Imperial Order of the Rose
Luiz has also been decorated with a number of other honours:[citation needed]
- Bailiff Grand Cross of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa
- Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
- Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre[9]
References
- ^ a b Casa Imperial do Brasil – Biografia de D. Luiz de Orleans e Bragança Archived 23 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ CUNHA, Dionatan da Silveira (2011) (in Portuguese). Príncipe D. Luiz de Orleans e Bragança: 30 Anos de ascensão a Chefia da Casa Imperial do Brasil. Causa Imperial Archived 5 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Prince Bertrand of Orleans-Braganza Visits America. TFP.org Archived 15 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine, 30 April 2001.
- ^ "Personalidades que firmaron".
- ^ NÉMETH-TORRES, Geovani (2008) (in Portuguese). A odisséia monarquista no Plebiscito Nacional de 1993. In: Veredas da História Archived 1 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Rio de Janeiro: Ano I, n. 1. Abr. 2008. ISSN 1982-4238.
- ^ Justiça Eleitoral. Resultado Geral do Plebiscito de 1993.
- ^ SOARES, Regiane (2008) (in Portuguese). Príncipe imperial vive "sem luxo nem esplendor" em casa alugada em SP. Folha Online, 4 March 2008.
- ^ O, Estado de São Paulo. "Head of the Imperial House of Brazil defends the return of the monarchy to Brazil out of the crisis". O Estado de São Paulo. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
- ^ MARIE, Michelle (2012) (in Portuguese). Cavaleiros na Ordem Eqüestre do Santo Sepulcro de Jerusalém[permanent dead link].
External links