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A '''people''' is a plurality of [[person]]s considered as a whole, as is the case with an [[ethnic group]] or [[nation]]. Collectively, for example, the contemporary [[Frisians]] and [[Danes]] are two related [[Germanic peoples]], while various [[Middle East]]ern ethnic groups are often linguistically categorized as the [[Semitic people]]. See the [[list of contemporary ethnic groups]] for more examples. |
A '''people''' is a plurality of [[person]]s considered as a whole, as is the case with an [[ethnic group]] or [[nation]]. Collectively, for example, the contemporary [[Frisians]] and [[Danes]] are two related [[Germanic peoples]], while various [[Middle East]]ern ethnic groups are often linguistically categorized as the [[Semitic people]]. See the [[list of contemporary ethnic groups]] for more examples. |
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==In politics== |
== In politics == |
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{{Main|Commoner}} |
{{Main|Commoner}} |
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[[ |
[[File:Eugène Delacroix - La liberté guidant le peuple.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Liberty Leading the People]]'' by [[Eugène Delacroix]]]] |
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Various [[republic]]s govern, or claim to govern, in the name of ''the people''. Both the [[Roman Republic]] and the [[Roman Empire]] used the [[Latin]] term ''[[SPQR|Senatus Populusque Romanus]]'', (the Senate and People of Rome). This term was fixed to Roman legionary standards, and even after the [[Roman Emperor]]s achieved a state of total personal [[autarchy]], they continued to wield their power in the name of the Senate and People of Rome. |
Various [[republic]]s govern, or claim to govern, in the name of ''the people''. Both the [[Roman Republic]] and the [[Roman Empire]] used the [[Latin]] term ''[[SPQR|Senatus Populusque Romanus]]'', (the Senate and People of Rome). This term was fixed to Roman legionary standards, and even after the [[Roman Emperor]]s achieved a state of total personal [[autarchy]], they continued to wield their power in the name of the Senate and People of Rome. |
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A [[People's Republic]] is typically a [[Marxism|Marxist]] or [[Socialism|socialist]] [[one-party state]] that claims to govern on behalf of the people. [[Populism]] is another umbrella term for various political tendencies that claim to represent the people, usually with an implication that they serve the ''common people'' instead of the [[Elitism|elite]]. |
A [[People's Republic]] is typically a [[Marxism|Marxist]] or [[Socialism|socialist]] [[one-party state]] that claims to govern on behalf of the people. [[Populism]] is another umbrella term for various political tendencies that claim to represent the people, usually with an implication that they serve the ''common people'' instead of the [[Elitism|elite]]. |
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Chapter One, Article One of the [[Charter of the United Nations]] states that peoples have the right to [[self-determination]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter1.shtml |title=Charter of the United Nations: Chapter I: Purposes and Principles |publisher= |
Chapter One, Article One of the [[Charter of the United Nations]] states that peoples have the right to [[self-determination]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter1.shtml |title=Charter of the United Nations: Chapter I: Purposes and Principles |publisher=United Nations |accessdate=22 April 2013|archive-url=http://www.webcitation.org/6YNQicd2P|archive-date=8 May 2015}}</ref> |
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==In law== |
== In law == |
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{{further2|[[Popular sovereignty]]}} |
{{further2|[[Popular sovereignty]]}} |
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In [[criminal law]], in certain jurisdictions, criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of ''the People''. Several U.S. states, including [[California]], [[Illinois]], and [[New York]], use this style.<ref>See, e.g., ''[[People v. Anderson|California v. Anderson]]'' 6 Cal. 3d 628; 493 P.2d 880; 100 Cal. Rptr. 152; 1972 Cal. LEXIS 154 (1972)</ref> Citations outside the jurisdictions in question usually substitute the name of the state for the words "the People" in the case captions.<ref>See generally, ''[[Bluebook|The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation]]'', rule 10.</ref> Four states — [[Massachusetts]], [[Virginia]], [[Pennsylvania]], and [[Kentucky]] — refer to themselves as ''the [[Commonwealth]]'' in case captions and legal process.<ref>See [[Commonwealth (United States)]]</ref> Other states, such as [[Indiana]], typically refer to themselves as ''the State'' in case captions and legal process. Outside the United States, criminal trials in [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] and the [[Philippines]] are prosecuted in the name of the people of their respective states. |
In [[criminal law]], in certain jurisdictions, criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of ''the People''. Several U.S. states, including [[California]], [[Illinois]], and [[New York]], use this style.<ref>See, e.g., ''[[People v. Anderson|California v. Anderson]]'' 6 Cal. 3d 628; 493 P.2d 880; 100 Cal. Rptr. 152; 1972 Cal. LEXIS 154 (1972)</ref> Citations outside the jurisdictions in question usually substitute the name of the state for the words "the People" in the case captions.<ref>See generally, ''[[Bluebook|The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation]]'', rule 10.</ref> Four states — [[Massachusetts]], [[Virginia]], [[Pennsylvania]], and [[Kentucky]] — refer to themselves as ''the [[Commonwealth]]'' in case captions and legal process.<ref>See [[Commonwealth (United States)]]</ref> Other states, such as [[Indiana]], typically refer to themselves as ''the State'' in case captions and legal process. Outside the United States, criminal trials in [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] and the [[Philippines]] are prosecuted in the name of the people of their respective states. |
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The political theory underlying this format is that criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of the [[sovereignty|sovereign]]; thus, in these [[U.S. states]], the "people" are judged to be the sovereign, even as in the [[United Kingdom]] and other dependencies of the [[British monarchy|British Crown]], criminal prosecutions are typically brought in the name of [[the Crown]]. "The people" identifies the entire body of the [[citizen]]s of a jurisdiction invested with political power or gathered for political purposes.<ref>''[[Black's Law Dictionary]]'', 5th ed., "People".</ref> |
The political theory underlying this format is that criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of the [[sovereignty|sovereign]]; thus, in these [[U.S. states]], the "people" are judged to be the sovereign, even as in the [[United Kingdom]] and other dependencies of the [[British monarchy|British Crown]], criminal prosecutions are typically brought in the name of [[the Crown]]. "The people" identifies the entire body of the [[citizen]]s of a jurisdiction invested with political power or gathered for political purposes.<ref>''[[Black's Law Dictionary]]'', 5th ed., "People".</ref> |
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==See also== |
== See also == |
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{{Portal|Anthropology|Biography|Criminal justice|Politics}} |
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{{Portal|People}} |
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* [[Clan]] |
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* [[Kinship]] |
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* [[Lists of people]] |
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** [[List of contemporary ethnic groups]] |
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** [[List of indigenous peoples]] |
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* [[Nationality]] |
* [[Nationality]] |
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* [[Tribe]] |
* [[Tribe]] |
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==References== |
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{{Wiktionary}} |
{{Wiktionary}} |
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{{Commons category}} |
{{Commons category}} |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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[[Category:People| ]] |
[[Category:People| ]] |
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[[Category:Main topic classifications]] |
[[Category:Main topic classifications]] |