109.149.31.243 (talk) political movements |
Omar-toons (talk | contribs) rv WP:OR edits using sock/IP |
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[[File:Flag of Hejaz 1917.svg|thumb|180px|The [[Flag of the Arab Revolt]]<ref name="crw">[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/arabcol.html Pan-Arab Colours], crwflags.com</ref><ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/20.htm</ref>]] |
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[[File:Flag_of_Hejaz_1917.svg|thumb|[[Flag of the Arab Revolt]]]] |
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[[File:Arab Liberation Flag.PNG|thumb|180px|Arab Liberation Flag<ref name="crw" />]] |
[[File:Arab Liberation Flag.PNG|thumb|180px|The Arab Liberation Flag<ref name="crw" />]] |
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[[File:Pan Arab Colors.png|thumb|Arab |
<!-- [[File:Pan Arab Colors.png|thumb|180px|Arab countries and territories using Pan-Arab colors in their flags, shown in green.<ref name="crw">[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/arabcol.html Pan-Arab Colours], crwflags.com</ref>]] --> |
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The '''Pan-Arab colors''' are [[black]], [[white]], [[green]] and [[red]]. Individually, they have their origins in the flags of prominent empires and dynasties in [[Arab World|Arab]] history |
The '''Pan-Arab colors''' are [[black]], [[white]], [[green]] and [[red]]. Individually, they have their origins in the flags of prominent empires and dynasties in [[Arab World|Arab]] history. |
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⚫ | Each of the four Pan-Arab colors were intended to represent a certain Arab dynasty, or era.<ref>Abū Khaldūn [[Sati' al-Husri]], ''The days of Maysalūn: A Page from the Modern History of the Arabs'', Sidney Glauser Trans., (Washington D.C.: Middle East Institute, 1966), 46.</ref> The black was the color of the [[Black Standard|banner of Muhammad]]; white was used by the [[Umayyad]] Caliphate; green was used by the [[Fatimid]] Caliphate; and red was the flag held by the [[Khawarij]].<ref>Mahdi Abdul-Hadi, [http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/meaning_of_flag.htm Palestine Facts: The Meaning of the Flag], passia.org</ref> They are grouped basing on two sub-sets: the Arab Revolt colors, coming from [[Mark Sykes|Sykes']] 1916 [[flag of the Arab Revolt|Arab Revolt flag]],<ref>I. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.fr/books?id=yJ9dFmK7qBwC&pg=PA135#v=onepage&q&f=false British Pan-Arab Policy, 1915-1922]'', Transaction Publ., 2011, p.135</ref> and the Arab Libertation colors, born after the [[Egyptian_Revolution_of_1952|1952-53 Egyptian revolution]].<ref name="crw" /> |
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From the 1950s onwards, a sub-set of the Pan-Arab colors, the Arab Liberation colors, came to prominence. These consist of a [[tricolour]] of red, white, and black bands, with green given less prominence (reserved for five-pointed stars, a chevron, or Arabic text). The Arab Liberation colors were inspired by the use of the ''Arab Liberation Flag'' in the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1952]].<ref>M. Naguib Egypt's Destiny 1955</ref> These appear in the flags of [[Flag of Egypt|Egypt]], [[Flag of Iraq|Iraq]], [[Flag of Sudan|Sudan]], [[Flag of Syria|Syria]], and [[Flag of Yemen|Yemen]], and formerly in the flags of the flags of the rival states of [[North Yemen]] and [[South Yemen]], and in the short-lived [[Pan-Arabism|Arab unions]] of the [[United Arab Republic]], and the [[Federation of Arab Republics]].<ref name="crw" /> |
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The Arab Revolt colors are used currently in the flags of [[Flag of Jordan|Jordan]], [[Flag of Kuwait|Kuwait]], [[Palestinian flag|Palestine]], the [[Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|SADR]], and the [[Flag of the United Arab Emirates|United Arab Emirates]].<ref name="crw" /> The Arab Liberation colors appear in the flags of [[Flag of Egypt|Egypt]], [[Flag of Iraq|Iraq]], [[Flag of Sudan|Sudan]], [[Flag of Syria|Syria]], and [[Flag of Yemen|Yemen]]. Formerly, Pan-Arab colors were shown in the flag of Libya as well as in flags of the short-lived [[United Arab Republic]], [[Arab Federation]] and [[Federation of Arab Republics]].<ref name="crw" /> |
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⚫ | Each of the four Pan-Arab colors were intended to represent a certain Arab dynasty, or era.<ref> |
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⚫ | |||
Other Arab states, while not using all of the Pan-Arab colors, do use some of them in other combinations. For example, the [[flag of Algeria]] uses green, white, and red, but not black. |
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===Sovereign states=== |
===Sovereign states=== |
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<gallery> |
<center><gallery> |
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File:Flag of Egypt.svg|<center>[[Flag of Egypt|Egypt]]</center> |
File:Flag of Egypt.svg|<center>[[Flag of Egypt|Egypt]]</center> |
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File:Flag of Iraq.svg|<center>[[Flag of Iraq|Iraq]]</center> |
File:Flag of Iraq.svg|<center>[[Flag of Iraq|Iraq]]</center> |
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File:Flag of Jordan.svg|<center>[[Flag of Jordan|Jordan]]</center> |
File:Flag of Jordan.svg|<center>[[Flag of Jordan|Jordan]]</center> |
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File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|<center>[[Flag of Kuwait|Kuwait]]</center> |
File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|<center>[[Flag of Kuwait|Kuwait]]</center> |
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File:Flag_of_Libya.svg|<center>[[Flag of Libya|Libya]]<ref>Kadhafi, Libye et Panarabisme 1969-1999, Jean Trincal 1999</ref></center> |
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File:Flag of Sudan.svg|<center>[[Flag of Sudan|Sudan]]</center> |
File:Flag of Sudan.svg|<center>[[Flag of Sudan|Sudan]]</center> |
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File:Flag of Syria.svg|<center>[[Flag of Syria|Syria]]</center> |
File:Flag of Syria.svg|<center>[[Flag of Syria|Syria]]</center> |
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File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|<center>[[Flag of the United Arab Emirates|United Arab Emirates]]<ref>Also used as the flag of [[Fujairah]] since 1975</ref></center> |
File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|<center>[[Flag of the United Arab Emirates|United Arab Emirates]]<ref>Also used as the flag of [[Fujairah]] since 1975</ref></center> |
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File:Flag of Yemen.svg|<center>[[Flag of Yemen|Yemen]]</center> |
File:Flag of Yemen.svg|<center>[[Flag of Yemen|Yemen]]</center> |
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</gallery> |
</gallery></center> |
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===Partially recognized states=== |
===Partially recognized states=== |
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<gallery> |
<center><gallery> |
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File:Flag of Palestine.svg|<center>[[Flag of Palestine|Palestine]]<ref>[http://muqtafi.birzeit.edu/pg/getleg.asp?id=15212 Palestinian Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity of the Palestinian Flag]</ref></center> |
File:Flag of Palestine.svg|<center>[[Flag of Palestine|Palestine]]<ref>[http://muqtafi.birzeit.edu/pg/getleg.asp?id=15212 Palestinian Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity of the Palestinian Flag]</ref></center> |
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File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|<center>[[Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |
File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|<center>[[Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] |
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</gallery> |
</gallery></center> |
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===Unrecognized state=== |
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File:Flag of Somaliland.svg|<center>[[Flag of Somaliland|Somaliland]] |
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== |
== Other flags with Pan-Arab colors == |
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===Former national flags=== |
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<gallery> |
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File:Flag of Hejaz 1917.svg|<center>[[Hejaz]] (1917–1920)</center> |
File:Flag of Hejaz 1917.svg|<center>[[Hejaz]] (1917–1920)</center> |
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File:Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24).svg|[[Syria]] (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24)<center> |
File:Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24).svg|[[Syria]] (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24)<center> |
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File:Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg|<center>[[Hejaz]] (1920–1926)</center> |
File:Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg|<center>[[Hejaz]] (1920–1926)</center> |
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File:Flag of Ha'il 1920.svg|<center>[[Emirate of Ha'il]] (1920-1921)</center> |
File:Flag of Ha'il 1920.svg|<center>[[Emirate of Ha'il|Ha'il]] (1920-1921)</center> |
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File:Flag of Iraq 1924.svg|<center>[[Iraq]] (1921–1959)</center> |
File:Flag of Iraq 1924.svg|<center>[[Iraq]] (1921–1959)</center> |
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File:Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg|<center>[[Emirate of Transjordan|Jordan]] (1921-1928)</center> |
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File:Flag of Hejaz 1926.svg|<center>[[Hejaz]] (1926–1932)</center> |
File:Flag of Hejaz 1926.svg|<center>[[Hejaz]] (1926–1932)</center> |
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File:Flag of Transjordan (1928-39).png|<center>[[Emirate of Transjordan|Jordan]] (1928-1939)</center> |
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File: |
File:Syria-flag 1932-58 1961-63.svg|<center>[[Syria]] (1932–1958 and 1961–1963)</center> |
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File: |
File:Flag_of_Hejaz_1917.svg|<center>[[All-Palestine Government|Palestine]] ("[[All-Palestine Government]]") (1948-1959)</center> |
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File:Flag of Egypt (1952-1958).svg|<center>[[Egypt]] (1952-1958)</center> |
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File:Flag of the Arab Federation.svg|<center>[[Arab Federation]] (1958)</center> |
File:Flag of the Arab Federation.svg|<center>[[Arab Federation]] (1958)</center> |
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File:Flag of United Arab Republic.svg|<center>[[United Arab Republic]] (1958–1961)</center> |
File:Flag of United Arab Republic.svg|<center>[[United Arab Republic]] (1958–1961)</center> |
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</gallery></center> |
</gallery></center> |
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=== Flags |
=== Flags used by political parties and paramilitary organisations === |
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** PLEASE do not include flags that do not contain the Pan-Arab colors, or are not derived from the Pan-Arab colors, or are not separate flags from those above but the same flags used in a different setting (e.g. the flag used by the anti-Assad Syrian Interim Government, and the Free Syrian Army is not a separate flag but the former flag of Syria - between 1932-68 and 1961-1963 - and it is in this capacity that it is used, not in a separate or novel capacity). Previous claimed references in this regard have been false. ** |
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<gallery> |
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File:Flag of al-Mountada al-Adabi.PNG|<center>Flag of Ottoman era Istanbul-based autonomist "Arab Literature Club" (1909-1915), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/16.htm</ref></center> |
File:Flag of al-Mountada al-Adabi.PNG|<center>Flag of Ottoman era Istanbul-based autonomist "Arab Literature Club" (1909-1915), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/16.htm</ref></center> |
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File:Flag of al-Arabiya al-Fatat.PNG|<center>Flag of Ottoman era autonomist "Society of Young Arabs" (1911-1916), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/18.htm</ref></center> |
File:Flag of al-Arabiya al-Fatat.PNG|<center>Flag of Ottoman era autonomist "Society of Young Arabs" (1911-1916), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/18.htm</ref></center> |
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File:Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg|<center>Flag of the [[Ba'ath Party]] |
File:Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg|<center>Flag of the [[Ba'ath Party]], also used by Syrian [[Ba'ath Brigades]]</center> |
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File:Flag of Arabistan.svg|<center>Flag used by Arab separatists and autonomists in [[Khuzestan]], [[Iran]]<ref name="ahwaz">[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ir%7Dahwaz.html Al-Ahwaz (Khuzestan) Political Organizations (Iran)] on crwflags.com</ref></center> |
File:Flag of Arabistan.svg|<center>Flag used by Arab separatists and autonomists in [[Khuzestan]], [[Iran]]<ref name="ahwaz">[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ir%7Dahwaz.html Al-Ahwaz (Khuzestan) Political Organizations (Iran)] on crwflags.com</ref></center> |
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File:Flag of Ahwaz.png|<center>Flag used by the separatist [[National Council of Ahwaz]] in [[Khuzestan]], [[Iran]]<ref name="ahwaz" /><ref>S. T. Al-Seyed Naama, [http://www.al-ahwaz.com/english/2006-2007/main.php?file=main&ID=article1&link=HistoryOfAhwaz&title=History_of_Ahwaz Brief History of Ahwaz], on al-ahwaz.com</ref></center> |
File:Flag of Ahwaz.png|<center>Flag used by the separatist [[National Council of Ahwaz]] in [[Khuzestan]], [[Iran]]<ref name="ahwaz" /><ref>S. T. Al-Seyed Naama, [http://www.al-ahwaz.com/english/2006-2007/main.php?file=main&ID=article1&link=HistoryOfAhwaz&title=History_of_Ahwaz Brief History of Ahwaz], on al-ahwaz.com</ref></center> |
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</gallery> |
</gallery></center> |
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== |
==Former Arab flags== |
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** PLEASE verify before adding a flag here that it represents an Arab entity. ** |
** PLEASE verify before adding a flag here that it represents an Arab entity. ** |
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** Turks and Persians are NOT Arabs. Please do not add Turkic or Persian flags. ** |
** Turks and Persians are NOT Arabs. Please do not add Turkic or Persian flags. ** |
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<gallery> |
<center><gallery> |
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File:Black flag.svg|<center>[[Rashidun Caliphate]]<br>(632–661)</center> |
File:Black flag.svg|<center>[[Rashidun Caliphate]]<br>(632–661)</center> |
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File:Umayyad Flag.svg|<center>[[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyads]]<br>(661–750)</center> |
File:Umayyad Flag.svg|<center>[[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyads]]<br>(661–750)</center> |
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File:Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg|<center>[[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubids]]<br>(1171–1341)</center> |
File:Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg|<center>[[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubids]]<br>(1171–1341)</center> |
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File:Mameluke Flag.svg|<center>[[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]<br>(1250–1517)</center> |
File:Mameluke Flag.svg|<center>[[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]]<br>(1250–1517)</center> |
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</gallery> |
</gallery></center> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Pan-African colours]] |
*[[Pan-African colours]] |
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==Notes and references== |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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*[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/arabcol.html Pan-Arab colors] |
*[http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/arabcol.html Pan-Arab colors] |
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*[http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/03.htm Evolution of the Arab Flag], by Dr. Mahdi Abdul-Hadi (in Arabic) |
*[http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/03.htm Evolution of the Arab Flag], by Dr. Mahdi Abdul-Hadi (in Arabic) |
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{{Arab Flags}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Pan-Arab Colors}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pan-Arab Colors}} |
Revision as of 10:19, 13 June 2014
The Pan-Arab colors are black, white, green and red. Individually, they have their origins in the flags of prominent empires and dynasties in Arab history.
Each of the four Pan-Arab colors were intended to represent a certain Arab dynasty, or era.[3] The black was the color of the banner of Muhammad; white was used by the Umayyad Caliphate; green was used by the Fatimid Caliphate; and red was the flag held by the Khawarij.[4] They are grouped basing on two sub-sets: the Arab Revolt colors, coming from Sykes' 1916 Arab Revolt flag,[5] and the Arab Libertation colors, born after the 1952-53 Egyptian revolution.[1]
The Arab Revolt colors are used currently in the flags of Jordan, Kuwait, Palestine, the SADR, and the United Arab Emirates.[1] The Arab Liberation colors appear in the flags of Egypt, Iraq, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen. Formerly, Pan-Arab colors were shown in the flag of Libya as well as in flags of the short-lived United Arab Republic, Arab Federation and Federation of Arab Republics.[1]
Current national flags with Pan-Arab colors
Sovereign states
Partially recognized states
Other flags with Pan-Arab colors
Former national flags
-
Hejaz (1917–1920) -
Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24)
-
Hejaz (1920–1926) -
Ha'il (1920-1921) -
Iraq (1921–1959) -
Jordan (1921-1928) -
Hejaz (1926–1932) -
Jordan (1928-1939) -
Syria (1932–1958 and 1961–1963) -
Palestine ("All-Palestine Government") (1948-1959) -
Egypt (1952-1958) -
Arab Federation (1958) -
United Arab Republic (1958–1961) -
Iraq (1959–1963) -
North Yemen (1962–1990) -
South Yemen (1967–1990) -
Libya (1969–1972) -
Federation of Arab Republics (Egypt (1972–1984), Syria (1972–1980), and Libya (1972–1977)) -
Arab Islamic Republic (1974) -
Iraq (1991–2004) -
Iraq (2004-2008)
Flags used by political parties and paramilitary organisations
-
Flag of Ottoman era Istanbul-based autonomist "Arab Literature Club" (1909-1915), a precursor Arab flag[9] -
Flag of Ottoman era autonomist "Society of Young Arabs" (1911-1916), a precursor Arab flag[10] -
Flag of the Ba'ath Party, also used by Syrian Ba'ath Brigades -
Flag of the Syrian Interim Government, also used by the Free Syrian Army -
Flag used by the separatist National Council of Ahwaz in Khuzestan, Iran[11][12]
Former Arab flags
-
Rashidun Caliphate
(632–661) -
Umayyads
(661–750) -
Abbasids
(750–1258) -
Fatimids
(909–1171) -
Ayyubids
(1171–1341) -
Mamluk Sultanate
(1250–1517)
See also
Notes and references
- ^ a b c d e Pan-Arab Colours, crwflags.com
- ^ http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/20.htm
- ^ Abū Khaldūn Sati' al-Husri, The days of Maysalūn: A Page from the Modern History of the Arabs, Sidney Glauser Trans., (Washington D.C.: Middle East Institute, 1966), 46.
- ^ Mahdi Abdul-Hadi, Palestine Facts: The Meaning of the Flag, passia.org
- ^ I. Friedman, British Pan-Arab Policy, 1915-1922, Transaction Publ., 2011, p.135
- ^ Also used as the flag of Fujairah since 1975
- ^ Palestinian Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity of the Palestinian Flag
- ^ Historical Flags (Palestine), on crwflags.com
- ^ http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/16.htm
- ^ http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/18.htm
- ^ a b Al-Ahwaz (Khuzestan) Political Organizations (Iran) on crwflags.com
- ^ S. T. Al-Seyed Naama, Brief History of Ahwaz, on al-ahwaz.com
External links
- Pan-Arab colors
- Evolution of the Arab Flag, by Dr. Mahdi Abdul-Hadi (in Arabic)