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{{double image|right|Flag of Iraq.svg|173|Coat of arms of Iraq.svg|83|The [[Flag of Iraq]]|The [[Coat of arms of Iraq]]}} |
{{double image|right|Flag of Iraq.svg|173|Coat of arms of Iraq.svg|83|The [[Flag of Iraq]]|The [[Coat of arms of Iraq]]}} |
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[[ |
[[Image:LocationIraq.svg|thumb|The location of [[Iraq]]]] |
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[[ |
[[Image:Un-iraq.png|thumb|An enlargeable map of the [[Republic of Iraq]]]] |
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{{ |
{{See also|Index of Iraq-related articles}} |
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{{ |
{{Mergeto|Iraq|date=July 2009}} |
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The '''[[Republic of Iraq]]''' ([[Arabic]]: {{Audio|Ar-al Gumhuriyah al Iraqiya.ogg|جمهورية العراق}} |
The '''[[Republic of Iraq]]''' ([[Arabic]]: {{Audio|Ar-al Gumhuriyah al Iraqiya.ogg|جمهورية العراق}} |
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== General reference == |
== General reference == |
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[[ |
[[Image:Iraq 2004 CIA map.jpg|thumb|An enlargeable relief map of [[Iraq]]]] |
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* [[International Phonetic Alphabet|Pronunciation]]: |
* [[International Phonetic Alphabet|Pronunciation]]: |
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* Common English country name: [[Iraq]] |
* Common English country name: [[Iraq]] |
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== Geography of Iraq == |
== Geography of Iraq == |
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[[ |
[[Image:Iraq Topography.png|thumb|An enlargeable topographic map of [[Iraq]]]] |
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{{ |
{{Main|Geography of Iraq}} |
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* Iraq is a: [[Country]] |
* Iraq is a: [[Country]] |
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** [[Time zone]](s): UTC+3 |
** [[Time zone]](s): UTC+3 |
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** [[Extreme points of Iraq]] |
** [[Extreme points of Iraq]] |
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** Land boundaries: 3,650 |
** Land boundaries: 3,650 km |
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::{{flag|Iran}} 1,458 km |
::{{flag|Iran}} 1,458 km |
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::{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 814 km |
::{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 814 km |
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=== Environment of Iraq === |
=== Environment of Iraq === |
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[[ |
[[Image:Satellite image of Iraq in August 2003.jpg|thumb|An enlargeable satellite image of [[Iraq]]]] |
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{{ |
{{Main|Environment of Iraq}} |
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* [[Climate of Iraq]] |
* [[Climate of Iraq]] |
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==== Natural geographic features of Iraq ==== |
==== Natural geographic features of Iraq ==== |
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{{ |
{{Main|List of landforms of Iraq|l1=Landforms of Iraq}} |
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* [[Fjords]] of Iraq: None |
* [[Fjords]] of Iraq: None |
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* [[Glaciers]] of Iraq: None |
* [[Glaciers]] of Iraq: None |
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===== Governorates of Iraq ===== |
===== Governorates of Iraq ===== |
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[[Image:IraqNumberedRegions.png|thumb|350px|[[Governorates of Iraq]]]] |
[[Image:IraqNumberedRegions.png|thumb|350px|[[Governorates of Iraq]]]] |
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{{ |
{{Main|Governorates of Iraq}} |
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#[[Baghdad]] - Arab, Turkman, Kurdish |
#[[Baghdad]] - Arab, Turkman, Kurdish |
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===== Districts of Iraq ===== |
===== Districts of Iraq ===== |
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{{ |
{{Main|Districts of Iraq}} |
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===== Municipalities of Iraq ===== |
===== Municipalities of Iraq ===== |
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{{ |
{{Main|Municipalities of Iraq}} |
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* [[List of cities in Iraq|Cities of Iraq]] |
* [[List of cities in Iraq|Cities of Iraq]] |
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=== Branches of the government of Iraq === |
=== Branches of the government of Iraq === |
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{{ |
{{Main|Government of Iraq}} |
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==== Judicial branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
==== Judicial branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
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{{ |
{{Main|Court system of Iraq}} |
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* [[Supreme Court of Iraq]] |
* [[Supreme Court of Iraq]] |
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=== Foreign relations of Iraq === |
=== Foreign relations of Iraq === |
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{{ |
{{Main|Foreign relations of Iraq}} |
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* [[Diplomatic missions of Iraq]] |
* [[Diplomatic missions of Iraq]] |
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==== International organization membership ==== |
==== International organization membership ==== |
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{{ |
{{Main|International organization membership of Iraq}} |
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The Republic of Iraq is a member of: <ref name=CIA_World_Factbook>{{cite web|date=July 21, 2009|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html|title=Iraq|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[United States]] [[Central Intelligence Agency]]|accessdate=July 23, 2009}}</ref> |
The Republic of Iraq is a member of: <ref name=CIA_World_Factbook>{{cite web|date=July 21, 2009|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html|title=Iraq|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[United States]] [[Central Intelligence Agency]]|accessdate=July 23, 2009}}</ref> |
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=== Local government in Iraq === |
=== Local government in Iraq === |
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{{ |
{{Main|Local government in Iraq}} |
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== History of Iraq == |
== History of Iraq == |
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{{InterWiki|Arabic language|code=ar}} |
{{InterWiki|Arabic language|code=ar}} |
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{{InterWiki|Kurdish language|code=ku}} |
{{InterWiki|Kurdish language|code=ku}} |
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{{ |
{{Main|Iraq}} |
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*[[Index of Iraq-related articles]] |
*[[Index of Iraq-related articles]] |
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*[[List of international rankings]] |
*[[List of international rankings]] |
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{{Lists by country}} |
{{Lists by country}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Outline Of Iraq}} |
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[[Category:Geography of Iraq]] |
[[Category:Geography of Iraq]] |
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[[Category:Outlines of countries|Iraq]] |
[[Category:Outlines of countries|Iraq]] |
Revision as of 10:19, 29 July 2009
The Republic of Iraq (Arabic: [Jumhūrīyatu l-‘Irāq] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)) is a country in the Middle East and Southwest Asia. It spans most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert.[1] It shares borders with Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, and Iran to the east. It has a very narrow section of coastline at Umm Qasr on the Persian Gulf. There are two major flowing rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia.
The capital city, Baghdad, is in the center-east. Iraq's rich history dates back to ancient Mesopotamia. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is identified as the cradle of civilization and the birthplace of writing. During its long history, Iraq has been the center of the Akkadian, Assyrian, Babylonian and Abbasid empires, and part of the Achaemenid, Macedonian, Parthian, Sassanid, Umayyad, Mongol, Ottoman, and British empires.[2]
Since an invasion in 2003, a multinational coalition of forces, mainly American and British, has occupied Iraq. The invasion has had wide-reaching consequences: increased civil violence, political breakdown, the removal and execution of former authoritarian President Saddam Hussein, and national problems in the development of political balance, economy, infrastructure, and use of the country's huge reserves of oil. According to the 2007 Failed States Index, produced by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace's Foreign Policy magazine and the Fund for Peace, Iraq has recently emerged as the world's second most unstable country,[3] after Sudan.[4] Under the control of the U.S. military, Iraq is developing a parliamentary democracy composed of 18 governorates (known as muhafadhat).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iraq:
General reference
- Pronunciation:
- Common English country name: Iraq
- Official English country name: The Republic of Iraq
- Common endonym(s):
- Official endonym(s):
- Adjectival(s): Iraqi
- Demonym(s):
- Etymology: Name of Iraq
- International rankings of Iraq
- ISO country codes: IQ, IRQ, 368
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:IQ
- Internet country code top-level domain: .iq
Geography of Iraq
- Iraq is a: Country
- Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
- Middle East
- Time zone(s): UTC+3
- Extreme points of Iraq
- Land boundaries: 3,650 km
-
- Coastline: Persian Gulf 58 km
- Population of Iraq: 26,783,383 people (July 2006 estimate) - 39th most populous country
- Area of Iraq: 438,317 km2 (169,235 sq mi) - 58th largest country
- Atlas of Iraq
Environment of Iraq
- Climate of Iraq
- Ecology of Iraq
- Geology of Iraq
- Protected areas of Iraq
- Biosphere reserves in Iraq: None
- National parks of Iraq
- Wildlife of Iraq
Natural geographic features of Iraq
- Fjords of Iraq: None
- Glaciers of Iraq: None
- Islands of Iraq
- Lakes of Iraq
- Mountains of Iraq
- Rivers of Iraq
- Valleys of Iraq
- World Heritage Sites in Iraq
Regions of Iraq
- Main article: Regions of Iraq
Ecoregions of Iraq
- Main article: Ecoregions of Iraq
Administrative divisions of Iraq
- Main article: Administrative divisions of Iraq
Governorates of Iraq
- Baghdad - Arab, Turkman, Kurdish
- Salah ad Din - Arab, Kurdish
- Diyala - Arab, Kurdish
- Wasit - Arab
- Maysan - Arab
- Al Basrah - Arab
- Dhi Qar - Arab
- Al Muthanna - Arab
- Al Qadisyah - Arab
- Babil - Arab
- Al Karbala - Arab
- An Najaf - Arab
- Al Anbar - Arab
- Ninawa - Arab, Assyrian, Kurdish
- Dahuk - Kurdish
- Arbil - Kurdish
- At Ta'mim - Arab, Turkman, Kurdish
- As Sulaymaniyah - Kurdish
The constitutionally recognized Kurdistan Autonomous Region includes parts of a number of northern provinces, and is largely self-governing in internal affairs.
Districts of Iraq
Municipalities of Iraq
Demography of Iraq
- Main article: Demographics of Iraq
Government and politics of Iraq
- Main article: Government of Iraq and Politics of Iraq
- Elections in Iraq
- (specific elections)
- Political parties in Iraq
- Political scandals of Iraq
- Provincial Iraqi Control
- Reconstruction of Iraq
- Taxation in Iraq
Branches of the government of Iraq
Executive branch of the government of Iraq
- Head of state: President of Iraq, Jalal Talabani
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Iraq, Nouri al-Maliki
- Council of Ministers of Iraq
Legislative branch of the government of Iraq
Judicial branch of the government of Iraq
Foreign relations of Iraq
International organization membership
The Republic of Iraq is a member of: [5]
Law and order in Iraq
- Main article: Law of Iraq
- Capital punishment in Iraq
- Constitution of Iraq
- Crime in Iraq
- Human rights in Iraq
- Law enforcement in Iraq
Military of Iraq
- Main article: Military of Iraq
- Command
- Forces
- Military history of Iraq
- Military ranks of Iraq
Local government in Iraq
History of Iraq
- Main article: History of Iraq, Timeline of the history of Iraq, and Current events of Iraq
- History by year: 2001 • 2002 • 2003 • 2004 • 2005 • 2006 • 2007 • 2008
- Military history of Iraq
- Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present
Culture of Iraq
- Main article: Culture of Iraq
- Architecture of Iraq
- Cuisine of Iraq
- Festivals in Iraq
- Humor in Iraq
- Languages of Iraq
- Media in Iraq
- National symbols of Iraq
- People of Iraq
- Prostitution in Iraq
- Public holidays in Iraq
- Records of Iraq
- Religion in Iraq
- World Heritage Sites in Iraq
Art in Iraq
Sports in Iraq
- Main article: Sports in Iraq
- Most popular sport: Football (soccer)
Economy of Iraq
- Main article: Economy of Iraq
- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 63rd (sixty-third)
- Economic history of Iraq
- Energy policy of Iraq
- Mining in Iraq
- Oil industry in Iraq
- Tourism in Iraq
- Transport in Iraq
Education in Iraq
- Main article: Education in Iraq
Infrastructure of Iraq
- Communications in Iraq
- Energy in Iraq
- Health care in Iraq
- Transportation in Iraq
- Water supply and sanitation in Iraq
See also
- Index of Iraq-related articles
- List of international rankings
- List of Iraq-related topics
- Member state of the United Nations
- Outline of Asia
- Outline of geography
References
- ^ "Declaration of Principles for a Long-Term Relationship of Cooperation and Friendship Between the Republic of Iraq and the United States of America".
- ^ Top 10 Battles for the Control of Iraq
- ^ "Foreign Policy Magazine: The Failed States Index 2007".
- ^ "Reuters: Iraq world's No. 2 failed state".
- ^ "Iraq". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 21, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
External links
Government
- Iraqi Presidency Website http://www.iraqipresidency.net
- Iraqi Government Website http://www.cabinet.iq
- Iraqi Parliament Website http://www.parliament.iq
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs http://www.mofa.gov.iq
- Ministry of Defense http://www.iraqmod.org
- Ministry of Oil http://www.oil.gov.iq
- Ministry of Trade http://www.mot.gov.iq
- Ministry of Industry http://www.industry.gov.iq
- Ministry of Higher Education http://www.mohesr.gov.iq
- Kurdistan Regional Government
- New Iraqi government structure (PDF) (As of July 17 2006)
Overviews
- Encarta Encyclopedia
- al-Bab - Iraq
- Encyclopaedia Britannica Iraq Country Page
- BBC News Country Profile - Iraq
- CIA World Factbook - Iraq
- US State Department - Iraq includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports
- Read Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Iraq
- Iraq Country Profile from Reuters AlertNet
- Country Briefing: Iraq from The Economist
News
- Focus on Iraq Daily News on Iraq
- Iraq News and Iraqi views from Electronic Iraq
- News in Depth from the Financial Times
- Diplomacy Monitor-Iraq
- IPS Inter Press Service Independent news about Iraq
- Iraqis react with joy, anger to Hussein death sentence CNN story on Hussein's death sentence
- Hometown Baghdad Documentary series shot by an all-Iraqi crew. Tells the stories of three young people trying to survive in Baghdad.
Other
- Operation Iraqi Children
- Iraq Image, a cultural resource on Iraq cities and locations
- Iraqi Truth Project
- Juan Cole, a leading scholar and public intellectual
- The Ground Truth Project -- A series of exclusive interviews and other resources capturing the voices of Iraqis, aid workers, military personnel and others who have spent significant time on-the-ground in Iraq.
- Template:Wikitravel
- Alternate wiki article about Iraq
- The World Monuments Fund's Iraq Cultural Heritage Conservation Initiative
- Education for Peace in Iraq Center (EPIC) -- A Washington DC-based nonprofit organization promoting a free and secure Iraq
- Amnesty International Report on Iraq
- Internal Displacement in Iraq - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Coalition Provisional Authority Now-defunct occupation authority; site is archived
- Iraq Law from the University of Pittsburgh’s Jurist project
- 1900–2000 a history of Iraq
- US Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq
- Iraqi Familiarization Guide - (546 kilobyte PDF file)
- Short Guide to Iraq (WWII U.S. Military Guide)
- Charity Helping the People of Iraq