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{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to Iraq}} |
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{{double image|right|Flag of Iraq.svg|191|Coat of arms of Iraq.svg|92|The [[Flag of Iraq]]|The [[Coat of arms of Iraq]]}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2020}} |
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[[Image:LocationIraq.svg|thumb|The location of [[Iraq]]]] |
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<!--... Attention: THIS IS AN OUTLINE |
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[[Image:Un-iraq.png|thumb|An enlargeable map of the [[Republic of Iraq]]]] |
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{{See also|Index of Iraq-related articles}} |
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{{Mergeto|Iraq|date=July 2009}} |
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part of the set of 830+ outlines listed at |
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The '''[[Republic of Iraq]]''' ([[Arabic]]: {{Audio|Ar-al Gumhuriyah al Iraqiya.ogg|جمهورية العراق}} |
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[[Wikipedia:Contents/Outlines]]. |
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{{lang|ar-Latn|''Jumhūrīyatu l-‘Irāq''}}) is a [[List of sovereign states|sovereign country]] located in [[Southwest Asia]] and the [[Middle East]].<ref name=CIA_World_Factbook>{{cite web|date=July 21, 2009|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html|title=Iraq|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[United States]] [[Central Intelligence Agency]]|accessdate=July 23, 2009}}</ref> Iraq spans most of the northwestern end of the [[Zagros Mountains|Zagros mountain range]], the eastern part of the [[Syrian Desert]] and the northern part of the [[Arabian Desert]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/11/20071126-11.html|title=Declaration of Principles for a Long-Term Relationship of Cooperation and Friendship Between the Republic of Iraq and the United States of America}}</ref> It shares borders with [[Kuwait]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] to the south, [[Jordan]] to the west, [[Syria]] to the northwest, [[Turkey]] to the north, and [[Iran]] to the east. It has a very narrow section of coastline at [[Umm Qasr]] on the [[Persian Gulf]]. There are two major flowing rivers: the [[Tigris]] and the [[Euphrates]]. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the desert landscape that covers most of [[Western Asia]]. |
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Wikipedia outlines are |
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The capital city, [[Baghdad]], is in the center-east. Iraq's rich [[history of Iraq|history]] dates back to ancient [[Mesopotamia]]. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is identified as the [[cradle of civilization]] and the birthplace of [[writing]]. During its long history, Iraq has been the center of the [[Akkad]]ian, [[Assyria]]n, [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Babylonian]] and [[Abbasid]] empires, and part of the [[Achaemenid Empire|Achaemenid]], [[Alexander the Great|Macedonian]], [[Parthia]]n, [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanid]], [[Umayyad]], [[Ilkhanate|Mongol]], [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]], and [[British Empire|British]] empires.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/history/top10_iraq_battles.html Top 10 Battles for the Control of Iraq]</ref> |
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a special type of list article. |
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They make up one of Wikipedia's |
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content navigation systems |
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See [[Wikipedia: Outlines]] and |
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[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Outlines]] for more details. |
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Further improvements |
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to this outline are on the way |
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{{multiple image |
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| image1 = Flag of Iraq.svg |
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| alt1 = |
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| caption1 = The [[Flag of Iraq]] |
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| image2 = Coat of arms of Iraq.svg |
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| width2 = 92 |
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| alt2 = |
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| caption2 = The [[Coat of arms of Iraq]] |
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}} |
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[[Image:LocationIraq.svg|thumb|The location of [[Iraq]]]] |
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[[Image:Un-iraq.png|thumb|An enlargeable map of the [[Republic of Iraq]]]] |
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The following [[Outline (list)|outline]] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iraq: |
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Since an [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invasion in 2003]], a [[Multinational Force Iraq|multinational coalition of forces]], mainly [[United States|American]] and [[United Kingdom|British]], has occupied Iraq. The invasion has had wide-reaching consequences: [[Iraq war|increased civil violence]], political breakdown, the removal and [[Execution of Saddam Hussein|execution]] of former [[authoritarian]] President [[Saddam Hussein]], and national problems in the development of [[politics of Iraq|political balance]], [[economy of Iraq|economy]], infrastructure, and use of the country's huge [[Oil reserves#Iraq|reserves of oil]]. According to the 2007 [[List of countries by Failed States Index|Failed States Index]], produced by the [[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|Carnegie Endowment for International Peace's]] [[Foreign Policy]] magazine and the [[Fund for Peace]], Iraq has recently emerged as the world's second most unstable country,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3865&page=8|title=Foreign Policy Magazine: The Failed States Index 2007}}</ref> after [[Sudan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070618.wfailedstate0618/BNStory/International/home|title=Reuters: Iraq world's No. 2 failed state}}</ref> Under the control of the U.S. military, Iraq is developing a [[parliamentary democracy]] composed of 18 [[Governorates of Iraq|governorates]] (known as ''muhafadhat''). |
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'''[[Iraq]]''' – [[List of sovereign states|sovereign country]] located in Western Asia.<ref name=CIA_World_Factbook>{{cite web|date=July 21, 2009|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iraq/|title=Iraq|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=United States [[Central Intelligence Agency]]|access-date=July 23, 2009}}</ref> Iraq spans most of the northwestern end of the [[Zagros Mountains|Zagros mountain range]], the eastern part of the [[Syrian Desert]] and the northern part of the [[Arabian Desert]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/11/20071126-11.html|title=Declaration of Principles for a Long-Term Relationship of Cooperation and Friendship Between the Republic of Iraq and the United States of America}}</ref> It shares borders with [[Kuwait]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] to the south, [[Jordan]] to the west, [[Syria]] to the northwest, [[Turkey]] to the north, and [[Iran]] to the east. It has a very narrow section of coastline at [[Umm Qasr]] on the [[Persian Gulf]]. There are two major flowing rivers: the [[Tigris]] and the [[Euphrates]]. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia. |
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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iraq: |
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{{TOC limit|limit=2}} |
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__TOC__ |
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== General reference == |
== General reference == |
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[[Image:Iraq 2004 CIA map.jpg|thumb|An enlargeable relief map of [[Iraq]]]] |
[[Image:Iraq 2004 CIA map.jpg|thumb|An enlargeable relief map of [[Iraq]]]] |
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* [[International Phonetic Alphabet|Pronunciation]]: |
* [[International Phonetic Alphabet|Pronunciation]]: ɪˈrɑːk |
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* Common English country name: [[Iraq]] |
* Common English country name: [[Iraq]] |
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* Official English country name: The [[Republic of Iraq]] |
* Official English country name: The [[Republic of Iraq]] |
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* Common [[endonym]](s): |
* Common [[endonym]](s): Iraq (العراق) |
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* Official endonym(s): |
* Official endonym(s): Iraq |
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* [[List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Countries and nations|Adjectival]](s): [[Iraqi (disambiguation)|Iraqi]] <!-- This disambiguation page is the only page on Wikipedia that specifically explains this term and its country adjectival contexts, and it does so excellently. Please leave this link in place. --> |
* [[List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Countries and nations|Adjectival]](s): [[Iraqi (disambiguation)|Iraqi]] <!-- This disambiguation page is the only page on Wikipedia that specifically explains this term and its country adjectival contexts, and it does so excellently. Please leave this link in place. --> |
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* [[List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Countries and nations|Demonym]](s): |
* [[List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Countries and nations|Demonym]](s): Iraqi |
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* [[Etymology]]: [[Name of Iraq]] |
* [[Etymology]]: [[Name of Iraq]] |
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* [[International rankings of Iraq]] |
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** [[List of countries and outlying territories by total area|58th largest country]] |
** [[List of countries and outlying territories by total area|58th largest country]] |
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** [[List of countries by population| |
** [[List of countries by population|36th most populous country]] |
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* [[ISO country codes]]: IQ, IRQ, 368 |
* [[ISO country codes]]: IQ, IRQ, 368 |
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* [[ISO region codes]]: See [[ISO 3166-2:IQ]] |
* [[ISO region codes]]: See [[ISO 3166-2:IQ]] |
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* |
* Internet [[country code top-level domain]]: [[.iq]] |
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== Geography of Iraq == |
== Geography of Iraq == |
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[[Image:Iraq Topography.png|thumb|An enlargeable topographic map of [[Iraq]]]] |
[[Image:Iraq Topography.png|thumb|An enlargeable topographic map of [[Iraq]]]] |
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{{Main|Geography of Iraq}} |
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[[Geography of Iraq]] |
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* Iraq is a: [[Country]] |
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* Iraq is a: Country |
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* Location: |
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* Location: |
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** [[Northern Hemisphere]] and [[Eastern Hemisphere]] |
** [[Northern Hemisphere]] and [[Eastern Hemisphere]] |
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** [[Eurasia]] |
** [[Eurasia]] |
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*** |
*** Asia |
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**** |
**** Western Asia |
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** [[ |
** [[Fertile Crescent]] |
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*** [[Mesopotamia]] |
*** [[Mesopotamia]] |
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** [[Time zone]]: [[UTC+03]] |
** [[Time zone]]: [[UTC+03]] |
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** |
** Extreme points of Iraq |
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*** High: [[Cheekha Dar]] {{convert|3611|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} |
*** High: [[Cheekha Dar]] {{convert|3611|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} |
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*** Low: [[Persian Gulf]] 0 m |
*** Low: [[Persian Gulf|Arabian Gulf]] 0 m |
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** Land boundaries: 3,650 km |
** Land boundaries: 3,650 km |
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::{{ |
::{{Flag|Iran}} 1,458 km |
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::{{ |
::{{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} 814 km |
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::{{ |
::{{Flag|Syria}} 605 km |
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::{{ |
::{{Flag|Turkey}} 352 km |
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::{{ |
::{{Flag|Kuwait}} 240 km |
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::{{ |
::{{Flag|Jordan}} 181 km |
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:* Coastline: [[Persian Gulf]] 58 km |
:* Coastline: [[Persian Gulf|Arabian Gulf]] 58 km |
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* [[Population of Iraq]]: |
* [[Population of Iraq]]: 38,274,618 people (July 2017 [[Approximation|estimate]]) – [[List of countries by population|36th most populous country]] |
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* [[Area of Iraq]]: {{convert|438317|km2|abbr=on}} |
* [[Area of Iraq]]: {{convert|438317|km2|abbr=on}} – [[List of countries and outlying territories by total area|58th largest country]] |
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* [[:commons:Atlas of Iraq|Atlas of Iraq]] |
* [[:commons:Atlas of Iraq|Atlas of Iraq]] |
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=== Environment of Iraq === |
=== Environment of Iraq === |
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[[Image:Satellite image of Iraq in August 2003.jpg|thumb|An enlargeable satellite image of [[Iraq]]]] |
[[Image:Satellite image of Iraq in August 2003.jpg|thumb|An enlargeable satellite image of [[Iraq]]]] |
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{{Main|Environment of Iraq}} |
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[[Environment of Iraq]] |
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* [[Climate of Iraq]] |
* [[Climate of Iraq]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Environmental issues in Iraq]] |
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* [[Renewable energy in Iraq]] |
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** [[Renewable energy in Iraq]] |
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* [[Geology of Iraq]] |
* [[Geology of Iraq]] |
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* [[Protected areas of Iraq]] |
* [[Protected areas of Iraq]] |
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** [[List of national parks of Iraq|National parks of Iraq]] |
** [[List of national parks of Iraq|National parks of Iraq]] |
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* [[Wildlife of Iraq]] |
* [[Wildlife of Iraq]] |
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** [[Flora of Iraq]] |
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** [[Fauna of Iraq]] |
** [[Fauna of Iraq]] |
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*** [[List of birds of Iraq|Birds of Iraq]] |
*** [[List of birds of Iraq|Birds of Iraq]] |
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==== Natural geographic features of Iraq ==== |
==== Natural geographic features of Iraq ==== |
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{{Main|List of landforms of Iraq|l1=Landforms of Iraq}} |
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* [[Fjords]] of Iraq: None |
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* [[Glaciers]] of Iraq: None |
* [[Glaciers]] of Iraq: None |
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* [[List of islands of Iraq|Islands of Iraq]] |
* [[List of islands of Iraq|Islands of Iraq]] |
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=== Regions of Iraq === |
=== Regions of Iraq === |
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: ''Main article: [[Regions of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Regions of Iraq]] |
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==== Ecoregions of Iraq ==== |
==== Ecoregions of Iraq ==== |
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: ''Main article: [[Ecoregions of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Ecoregions of Iraq]] |
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==== Administrative divisions of Iraq ==== |
==== Administrative divisions of Iraq ==== |
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: ''Main article: [[Administrative divisions of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Administrative divisions of Iraq]] |
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* [[Regions of Iraq]] |
* [[Regions of Iraq]] |
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** [[ |
** [[Governorates of Iraq]] |
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*** [[Districts of Iraq]] |
*** [[Districts of Iraq]] |
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**** [[Municipalities of Iraq]] |
**** [[Municipalities of Iraq]] |
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===== Governorates of Iraq ===== |
===== Governorates of Iraq ===== |
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[[ |
[[File:Iraqi Governorates (numbered).png|thumb|350px|[[Governorates of Iraq]]]] |
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{{Main|Governorates of Iraq}} |
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[[Governorates of Iraq]] |
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#[[Baghdad]] - Arab, Turkman, Kurdish |
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#[[ |
#[[Baghdad Governorate]] – Arab, Turkman, Assyrian, Kurdish |
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#[[ |
#[[Saladin Governorate]] – Arab, Turkman, Kurdish |
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#[[ |
#[[Diyala Governorate]] – Arab, Turkman, Kurdish |
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#[[ |
#[[Wasit Governorate]] – Arab, Turkman |
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#[[ |
#[[Maysan Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Basra Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Dhi Qar Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Muthanna Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Al Qadisyah Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Babil Governorate]] – Arab, Turkman |
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#[[ |
#[[Karbala Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Najaf Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Al Anbar Governorate]] – Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Nineveh Governorate]] – Arab, Turkman, Assyrian, Kurdish |
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#[[ |
#[[Dahuk Governorate]] – Assyrian, Kurdish, Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Erbil Governorate]] – Turkman, Kurdish, Assyrian, Arab |
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#[[ |
#[[Kirkuk Governorate]] – Turkman, Kurdish, Arab, Assyrian |
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#[[Sulaymaniyah Governorate|As Sulaymaniyah]] – Kurdish, Assyrian |
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The constitutionally recognized [[Kurdistan Autonomous Region]] includes parts of a number of northern provinces, and is largely self-governing in internal affairs. |
The constitutionally recognized [[Kurdistan Autonomous Region]] includes parts of a number of northern provinces, and is largely self-governing in internal affairs. |
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===== Districts of Iraq ===== |
===== Districts of Iraq ===== |
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{{Main|Districts of Iraq}} |
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[[Districts of Iraq]] |
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===== Municipalities of Iraq ===== |
===== Municipalities of Iraq ===== |
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{{Main|Municipalities of Iraq}} |
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[[Municipalities of Iraq]] |
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* [[List of cities in Iraq|Cities of Iraq]] |
* [[List of cities in Iraq|Cities of Iraq]] |
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** |
** Capital of Iraq: [[Capital of Iraq|Baghdad]] |
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=== Demography of Iraq === |
=== Demography of Iraq === |
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: ''Main article: [[Demographics of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Demographics of Iraq]] |
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== Government and politics of Iraq == |
== Government and politics of Iraq == |
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[[Politics of Iraq]] |
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* [[Form of government]]: |
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* [[Form of government]]: |
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* [[Iraqi Interim Government]] |
* [[Iraqi Interim Government]] |
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* |
* Capital of Iraq: [[Capital of Iraq|Baghdad]] |
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* [[Elections in Iraq]] |
* [[Elections in Iraq]] |
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** (specific elections) |
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* [[List of political parties in Iraq|Political parties in Iraq]] |
* [[List of political parties in Iraq|Political parties in Iraq]] |
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* [[Political scandals of Iraq]] |
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* [[Provincial Iraqi Control]] |
* [[Provincial Iraqi Control]] |
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* [[Reconstruction of Iraq]] |
* [[Reconstruction of Iraq]] |
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* [[Taxation in Iraq]] |
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=== Branches of the government of Iraq === |
=== Branches of the government of Iraq === |
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{{Main|Government of Iraq}} |
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[[Government of Iraq]] |
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<!-- the following government branches and links do not apply to all countries. Modify as needed, and then remove this line when complete. --> |
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==== Executive branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
==== Executive branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
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* [[Head of state]]: [[President of Iraq]], [[ |
* [[Head of state]]: [[President of Iraq]], [[Fuad Masum]] |
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* [[Head of government]]: [[Prime Minister of Iraq]], [[ |
* [[Head of government]]: [[Prime Minister of Iraq]], [[Haider al-Abadi]] |
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* [[Council of Ministers of Iraq]] |
* [[Council of Ministers of Iraq]] |
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==== Legislative branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
==== Legislative branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
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* [[Council of Representatives of Iraq]] ([[Unicameralism|unicameral]] parliament) |
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* [[Council of Representatives of Iraq]] ([[Unicameralism|unicameral]] [[parliament]]) |
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==== Judicial branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
==== Judicial branch of the government of Iraq ==== |
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{{Main|Court system of Iraq}} |
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[[Court system of Iraq]] |
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* [[Supreme Court of Iraq]] |
* [[Supreme Court of Iraq]] |
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* [[Central Criminal Court of Iraq]] |
* [[Central Criminal Court of Iraq]] |
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=== Foreign relations of Iraq === |
=== Foreign relations of Iraq === |
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{{Main|Foreign relations of Iraq}} |
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[[Foreign relations of Iraq]] |
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* [[List of diplomatic missions in Iraq|Diplomatic missions in Iraq]] |
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* [[Diplomatic missions of Iraq]] |
* [[Diplomatic missions of Iraq]] |
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* [[Iraqi diaspora]] |
* [[Iraqi diaspora]] |
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* [[Iraqi security forces]] |
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* [[United States-Iraq relations]] |
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==== International organization membership ==== |
==== International organization membership ==== |
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{{Main|International organization membership of Iraq}} |
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[[International organization membership of Iraq]] |
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The Republic of Iraq is a member of: <ref name=CIA_World_Factbook/> |
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The Republic of Iraq is a member of:<ref name=CIA_World_Factbook/> |
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{{col-begin}} |
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{{ |
{{Col-begin}} |
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{{Col-2}} |
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*[[Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa]] (ABEDA) |
*[[Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa]] (ABEDA) |
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*[[Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development]] (AFESD) (suspended) |
*[[Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development]] (AFESD) (suspended) |
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*[[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement]] (ICRM) |
*[[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement]] (ICRM) |
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*[[International Telecommunication Union]] (ITU) |
*[[International Telecommunication Union]] (ITU) |
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{{ |
{{Col-2}} |
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*[[International Telecommunications Satellite Organization]] (ITSO) |
*[[International Telecommunications Satellite Organization]] (ITSO) |
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*[[Islamic Development Bank]] (IDB) |
*[[Islamic Development Bank]] (IDB) |
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*[[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency]] (MIGA) |
*[[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency]] (MIGA) |
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*[[Nonaligned Movement]] (NAM) |
*[[Nonaligned Movement]] (NAM) |
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*[[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]] (OIC) |
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*[[Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries]] (OAPEC) |
*[[Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries]] (OAPEC) |
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*[[Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries]] (OPEC) |
*[[Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries]] (OPEC) |
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*[[Organization of the Islamic Conference]] (OIC) |
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*[[Permanent Court of Arbitration]] (PCA) |
*[[Permanent Court of Arbitration]] (PCA) |
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* |
*United Nations (UN) |
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*[[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development]] (UNCTAD) |
*[[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development]] (UNCTAD) |
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*[[United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization]] (UNESCO) |
*[[United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization]] (UNESCO) |
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*[[World Tourism Organization]] (UNWTO) |
*[[World Tourism Organization]] (UNWTO) |
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*[[World Trade Organization]] (WTO) (observer) |
*[[World Trade Organization]] (WTO) (observer) |
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{{ |
{{Col-end}} |
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=== Law and order in Iraq === |
=== Law and order in Iraq === |
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: ''Main article: [[Law of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Law of Iraq]] |
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* [[Capital punishment in Iraq]] |
* [[Capital punishment in Iraq]] |
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* [[Constitution of Iraq]] |
* [[Constitution of Iraq]] |
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=== Military of Iraq === |
=== Military of Iraq === |
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: ''Main article: [[Military of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Military of Iraq]] |
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* Command |
* Command |
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** [[Commander-in-chief]]: |
** [[Commander-in-chief]]: |
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*** [[Ministry of Defence (Iraq)|Ministry of Defence of Iraq]] |
*** [[Ministry of Defence (Iraq)|Ministry of Defence of Iraq]] |
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* Forces |
* Forces |
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=== Local government in Iraq === |
=== Local government in Iraq === |
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{{Main|Local government in Iraq}} |
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[[Local government in Iraq]] |
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== History of Iraq == |
== History of Iraq == |
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: ''Main article: [[History of Iraq]], [[Timeline of the history of Iraq]], and [[Portal:Current events/Iraq|Current events of Iraq]] |
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[[History of Iraq]] |
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* History by year: [[2001 in Iraq|2001]] • [[2002 in Iraq|2002]] • [[2003 in Iraq|2003]] • [[2004 in Iraq|2004]] • [[2005 in Iraq|2005]] • [[2006 in Iraq|2006]] • [[2007 in Iraq|2007]] • [[2008 in Iraq|2008]] |
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*[[Timeline of the history of Iraq]] |
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*[[Portal:Current events/Iraq|Current events of Iraq]] |
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* History by year: 2001 • 2002 • 2003 • 2004 • 2005 • 2006 • 2007 • 2008 • 2009 • 2010 • 2011 • 2012 • 2013 • 2014 • 2015 • 2016 • 2017 • 2018 • |
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* [[Military history of Iraq]] |
* [[Military history of Iraq]] |
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** [[Iraq and weapons of mass destruction]] |
** [[Iraq and weapons of mass destruction]] |
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** [[Iraq War]] |
** [[Iraq War]] |
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*** [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] |
*** [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] |
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*** [[Occupation of Iraq timeline]] |
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*** [[Casualties of the Iraq War]] |
*** [[Casualties of the Iraq War]] |
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*** [[Iraqi insurgency]] |
*** [[Iraqi insurgency (Iraq War)|Iraqi insurgency]] |
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**** [[History of Iraqi insurgency]] |
**** [[Iraqi insurgency (2003–11)|History of Iraqi insurgency]] |
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*** [[Rationale for the Iraq War]] |
*** [[Rationale for the Iraq War]] |
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*** [[Terrorist attacks of the Iraq War]] |
*** [[Terrorist attacks of the Iraq War]] |
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*** [[Timeline of the Iraq War]] |
*** [[Timeline of the Iraq War]] |
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* [[Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present]] |
* [[Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present]] |
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== Culture of Iraq == |
== Culture of Iraq == |
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: ''Main article: [[Culture of Iraq]]'' |
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[[Culture of Iraq]] |
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* [[Architecture of Iraq]] |
* [[Architecture of Iraq]] |
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* [[Cuisine of Iraq]] |
* [[Cuisine of Iraq]] |
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* [[Festivals in Iraq]] |
* [[Festivals in Iraq]] |
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* [[Humor in Iraq]] |
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* [[Languages of Iraq]] |
* [[Languages of Iraq]] |
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* [[Media in Iraq]] |
* [[Media in Iraq]] |
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* [[List of records of Iraq|Records of Iraq]] |
* [[List of records of Iraq|Records of Iraq]] |
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* [[Religion in Iraq]] |
* [[Religion in Iraq]] |
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** [[Buddhism in Iraq]] |
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** [[Christianity in Iraq]] |
** [[Christianity in Iraq]] |
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** [[Hinduism in Iraq]] |
** [[Hinduism in Iraq]] |
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* [[Theatre in Iraq]] |
* [[Theatre in Iraq]] |
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=== |
=== Sport in Iraq === |
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: ''Main article: [[Sports in Iraq]]'' |
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[[Sport in Iraq]] |
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* Most popular sport: [[Association football|Football]] (soccer) |
* Most popular sport: [[Association football|Football]] (soccer) |
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** [[Iraq Football Association]] |
** [[Iraq Football Association]] |
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*** [[Iraq national football team]] |
*** [[Iraq national football team]] |
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*** [[Iraq Super League]] |
*** [[Iraq Super League]] |
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*** [[List of football stadiums in Iraq]] |
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== Economy of Iraq == |
== Economy and infrastructure of Iraq == |
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{{Main|Economy of Iraq|Infrastructure of Iraq}} |
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* [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007)]]: 63rd (sixty-third) |
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* [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2017)]]: 54th (Fifty-Fourth) |
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* [[Agriculture in Iraq]] |
* [[Agriculture in Iraq]] |
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* [[Banking in Iraq]] |
* [[Banking in Iraq]] |
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** [[Central Bank of Iraq]] |
** [[Central Bank of Iraq]] |
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* [[Communications in Iraq]] |
* [[Communications in Iraq]] |
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** [[Internet in Iraq]] |
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** [[Television in Iraq]] |
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* [[List of companies of Iraq|Companies of Iraq]] |
* [[List of companies of Iraq|Companies of Iraq]] |
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*Currency of Iraq: [[Iraqi dinar|Dinar]] |
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*[[Currency|Currency of Iraq]]: [[Iraqi dinar|Dinar]] |
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**[[ISO 4217]]: [[IQD]] |
**[[ISO 4217]]: [[IQD]] |
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* [[Energy in Iraq]] |
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* [[ |
** [[Energy policy of Iraq]] |
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* [[ |
** [[Petroleum industry in Iraq|Oil industry in Iraq]] |
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* [[Health care in Iraq]] |
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* [[Mining in Iraq]] |
* [[Mining in Iraq]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Iraq Stock Exchange]] |
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* [[Tourism in Iraq]] |
* [[Tourism in Iraq]] |
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* [[Transport in Iraq]] |
* [[Transport in Iraq]] |
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* [[Iraq Stock Exchange]] |
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== Education in Iraq == |
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: ''Main article: [[Education in Iraq]]'' |
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== Infrastructure of Iraq == |
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* [[Communications in Iraq]] |
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** [[Internet in Iraq]] |
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** [[Television in Iraq]] |
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* [[Energy in Iraq]] |
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* [[Health care in Iraq]] |
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* [[Transportation in Iraq]] |
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** [[List of airports in Iraq|Airports in Iraq]] |
** [[List of airports in Iraq|Airports in Iraq]] |
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** [[Ports of Iraq]] |
** [[Ports of Iraq]] |
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Line 367: | Line 368: | ||
* [[Water supply and sanitation in Iraq]] |
* [[Water supply and sanitation in Iraq]] |
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== Education in Iraq == |
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==See also== |
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{{portal|Iraq|Flag of Iraq.svg}} |
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[[Education in Iraq]] |
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{{portal|Southwest Asia|Southwest-Asia-map.PNG}} |
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{{InterWiki|Arabic language|code=ar}} |
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== Health in Iraq == |
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{{InterWiki|Kurdish language|code=ku}} |
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{{Main|Iraq}} |
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[[Health in Iraq]] |
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== See also == |
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{{Portal|Iraq}} |
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[[Iraq]] |
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*[[List of international rankings]] |
*[[List of international rankings]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Member states of the United Nations]] |
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*[[Member state of the United Nations]] |
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*[[Outline of Asia]] |
*[[Outline of Asia]] |
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*[[Outline of geography]] |
*[[Outline of geography]] |
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{{ |
{{Clear}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{sisterlinks|Iraq}} |
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{{ |
{{Wikiatlas|Iraq}} |
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'''Government''' |
'''Government''' |
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Line 394: | Line 398: | ||
*Iraqi Parliament Website http://www.parliament.iq |
*Iraqi Parliament Website http://www.parliament.iq |
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*Ministry of Foreign Affairs http://www.mofa.gov.iq |
*Ministry of Foreign Affairs http://www.mofa.gov.iq |
||
*Ministry of Defense |
*Ministry of Defense https://web.archive.org/web/20170918022601/http://iraqmod.org/ |
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*Ministry of Oil http://www.oil.gov.iq |
*Ministry of Oil https://web.archive.org/web/20170802182657/http://www.oil.gov.iq/ |
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*Ministry of Trade http://www.mot.gov.iq |
*Ministry of Trade http://www.mot.gov.iq |
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*Ministry of Industry http://www.industry.gov.iq |
*Ministry of Industry https://web.archive.org/web/20181111035130/http://www.industry.gov.iq/ |
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*Ministry of Higher Education http://www.mohesr.gov.iq |
*Ministry of Higher Education http://www.mohesr.gov.iq |
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*[http://www.krg.org/ Kurdistan Regional Government] |
*[http://www.krg.org/ Kurdistan Regional Government] |
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*[http://dev.epic-usa.org/files/EPIC/IRAQ_Government.pdf New Iraqi government structure (PDF)] (As of |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060815210023/http://dev.epic-usa.org/files/EPIC/IRAQ_Government.pdf New Iraqi government structure (PDF)] (As of July 17, 2006) |
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'''Overviews''' |
'''Overviews''' |
||
*[http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761567303/Iraq.html ''Encarta Encyclopedia''] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091028042959/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761567303/Iraq.html ''Encarta Encyclopedia''] |
||
*[http://www.al-bab.com/ |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160610185602/http://www.al-bab.com/arab/countries/iraq.htm al-Bab – ''Iraq''] |
||
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091219131236/http://www.iauiraq.org/ Iraq Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit] Reports, Maps and Assessments of Iraq from the UN Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit |
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*[http://www.britannica.com/nations/Iraq Encyclopaedia Britannica ''Iraq'' Country Page] |
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*[http://www.britannica.com/nations/Iraq Encyclopædia Britannica ''Iraq'' Country Page] |
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*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/country_profiles/791014.stm BBC News Country Profile - ''Iraq''] |
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*[ |
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/country_profiles/791014.stm BBC News Country Profile – ''Iraq''] |
||
*[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iraq/ CIA World Factbook – ''Iraq''] |
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*[http://www.state.gov/p/nea/ci/c3212.htm US State Department - ''Iraq''] includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20020216031159/http://www.state.gov/p/nea/ci/c3212.htm US State Department – ''Iraq''] includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports |
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*[http://digital.library.unt.edu/govdocs/crs/search.tkl?q=Iraq&search_crit=subject&search=Search&date1=Anytime&date2=Anytime&type=form Read Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Iraq] |
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*[https://digital.library.unt.edu/govdocs/crs/search.tkl?q=Iraq&search_crit=subject&search=Search&date1=Anytime&date2=Anytime&type=form Read Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Iraq] |
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*[http://www.alertnet.org/thefacts/countryprofiles/216595.htm Iraq Country Profile] from [[Reuters|Reuters AlertNet]] |
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*[http://www.alertnet.org/thefacts/countryprofiles/216595.htm Iraq Country Profile] from [[Reuters]] AlertNet |
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*[http://www.economist.com/countries/Iraq/ Country Briefing: Iraq] from [[The Economist]] |
*[http://www.economist.com/countries/Iraq/ Country Briefing: Iraq] from [[The Economist]] |
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'''News''' |
'''News''' |
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*[http://www.khaleejtimes.com/SectionHomeL.asp?section=middleeast Focus on Iraq] Daily News on Iraq |
*[http://www.khaleejtimes.com/SectionHomeL.asp?section=middleeast Focus on Iraq] Daily News on Iraq |
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*[http://electroniciraq.net Iraq News and Iraqi views] from Electronic Iraq |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20180218204038/http://electroniciraq.net/ Iraq News and Iraqi views] from Electronic Iraq |
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*[http://news.ft.com/indepth/ |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060614084320/http://news.ft.com/indepth/iraq News in Depth] from the Financial Times |
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*[http://diplomacymonitor.com/stu/dm.nsf/issued?openform&cat=Iraq Diplomacy Monitor-Iraq] |
*[http://diplomacymonitor.com/stu/dm.nsf/issued?openform&cat=Iraq Diplomacy Monitor-Iraq] |
||
*[http://www.ipsnews.net/new_focus/ |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080610182557/http://www.ipsnews.net/new_focus/iraq/index.asp IPS Inter Press Service] Independent news about Iraq |
||
*[http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/11/05/dujail.saddam/index.html Iraqis react with joy, anger to Hussein death sentence] CNN story on Hussein's [[death sentence]] |
*[http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/11/05/dujail.saddam/index.html Iraqis react with joy, anger to Hussein death sentence] CNN story on Hussein's [[death sentence]] |
||
*[http://www.hometownbaghdad.com Hometown Baghdad] Documentary series shot by an all-Iraqi crew. Tells the stories of three young people trying to survive in Baghdad. |
*[http://www.hometownbaghdad.com Hometown Baghdad] Documentary series shot by an all-Iraqi crew. Tells the stories of three young people trying to survive in Baghdad. |
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'''Other''' |
'''Other''' |
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*[http://www.operationiraqichildren.org/ Operation Iraqi Children] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140601162850/http://www.operationiraqichildren.org/ Operation Iraqi Children] |
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*[http://www.iraqimage.com Iraq Image], a cultural resource on Iraq cities and locations |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070609165949/http://www.iraqimage.com/ Iraq Image], a cultural resource on Iraq cities and locations |
||
* [ |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20181118201743/https://www.iraqitruthproject.com/ Iraqi Truth Project] |
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*[http://www.juancole.com Juan Cole], a leading scholar and public intellectual |
*[http://www.juancole.com Juan Cole], a leading scholar and public intellectual |
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*[http://www.epic-usa.org/Default.aspx?tabid=2218 The Ground Truth Project] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060926182404/http://www.epic-usa.org/Default.aspx?tabid=2218 The Ground Truth Project]—A series of exclusive interviews and other resources capturing the voices of Iraqis, [[Humanitarian aid|aid workers]], [[Soldier|military personnel]] and others who have spent significant time on-the-ground in Iraq. |
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*{{Wikivoyage inline|Iraq}} |
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*{{wikitravel}} |
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*[http://wiqipedia.org/wiki/Iraq Alternate wiki article about Iraq] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071211012919/http://wiqipedia.org/wiki/Iraq Alternate wiki article about Iraq] |
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*[ |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080210085509/http://wmf.org/iraq.html The World Monuments Fund's Iraq Cultural Heritage Conservation Initiative] |
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*[http://www.epic-usa.org/ Education for Peace in Iraq Center (EPIC)] |
*[http://www.epic-usa.org/ Education for Peace in Iraq Center (EPIC)]—A Washington DC-based nonprofit organization promoting a free and secure Iraq |
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*[https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/128000/mde140082001en.pdf IRAQ: Systematic torture of political prisoners.] Amnesty International. 2001. |
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*[http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/engMDE140082001?OpenDocument&of=COUNTRIESIRAQ Amnesty International Report on Iraq] |
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*[http://www.internal-displacement.org/countries/iraq Internal Displacement in Iraq] |
*[http://www.internal-displacement.org/countries/iraq Internal Displacement in Iraq] – Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre |
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*[http://www.cpa-Iraq.org/ Coalition Provisional Authority] Now-defunct occupation authority; site is archived |
*[http://www.cpa-Iraq.org/ CPA Iraq] ([[Coalition Provisional Authority]]) Now-defunct occupation authority; site is archived |
||
*[http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/Iraq.htm Iraq Law] from the University of |
*[http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/Iraq.htm Iraq Law] from the University of Pittsburgh's Jurist project |
||
*[http://www.libcom.org/history/articles/Iraq-1900-2000/ 1900–2000 a history of Iraq] |
*[http://www.libcom.org/history/articles/Iraq-1900-2000/ 1900–2000 a history of Iraq] |
||
*[http://baghdad.usembassy.gov/ US Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080820055028/http://baghdad.usembassy.gov/ US Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq] |
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*[http://fieldsupport.lingnet.org/Iraqi/fam_ir_slide/Iraq.pdf Iraqi Familiarization Guide] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071201010110/http://fieldsupport.lingnet.org/Iraqi/fam_ir_slide/Iraq.pdf Iraqi Familiarization Guide] – ''(546 kilobyte PDF file)'' |
||
*[http://www.lonesentry.com/iraq/iraq.html Short Guide to Iraq] (WWII U.S. Military Guide) |
*[http://www.lonesentry.com/iraq/iraq.html Short Guide to Iraq] (WWII U.S. Military Guide) |
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*[http://www.uwt.org/Countries/Iraq_Charity.asp Charity Helping the People of Iraq] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080511223655/http://www.uwt.org/Countries/Iraq_Charity.asp Charity Helping the People of Iraq] |
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{{Sister bar|auto=1|Iraq|iw=ar|iw1=ku}} |
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{{-}} |
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{{Outline footer}} |
{{Outline footer}} |
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{{Lists by country}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT: |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Iraq}} |
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[[Category:Geography of Iraq]] |
[[Category:Geography of Iraq]] |
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[[Category:Outlines of countries|Iraq]] |
[[Category:Outlines of countries|Iraq]] |
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[[Category:Iraq-related lists| ]] |
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[[Category:Outlines]] |
Latest revision as of 13:11, 30 October 2023
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iraq:
Iraq – sovereign country located in Western Asia.[1] Iraq spans most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert.[2] It shares borders with Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, and Iran to the east. It has a very narrow section of coastline at Umm Qasr on the Persian Gulf. There are two major flowing rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia.
General reference
- Pronunciation: ɪˈrɑːk
- Common English country name: Iraq
- Official English country name: The Republic of Iraq
- Common endonym(s): Iraq (العراق)
- Official endonym(s): Iraq
- Adjectival(s): Iraqi
- Demonym(s): Iraqi
- Etymology: Name of Iraq
- ISO country codes: IQ, IRQ, 368
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:IQ
- Internet country code top-level domain: .iq
Geography of Iraq
- Iraq is a: Country
- Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
- Asia
- Western Asia
- Asia
- Fertile Crescent
- Time zone: UTC+03
- Extreme points of Iraq
- High: Cheekha Dar 3,611 m (11,847 ft)
- Low: Arabian Gulf 0 m
- Land boundaries: 3,650 km
-
- Coastline: Arabian Gulf 58 km
- Population of Iraq: 38,274,618 people (July 2017 estimate) – 36th most populous country
- Area of Iraq: 438,317 km2 (169,235 sq mi) – 58th largest country
- Atlas of Iraq
Environment of Iraq
- Climate of Iraq
- Environmental issues in Iraq
- Renewable energy in Iraq
- Geology of Iraq
- Protected areas of Iraq
- Biosphere reserves in Iraq: None
- National parks of Iraq
- Wildlife of Iraq
Natural geographic features of Iraq
- Glaciers of Iraq: None
- Islands of Iraq
- Lakes of Iraq
- Mountains of Iraq
- Rivers of Iraq
- Valleys of Iraq
- World Heritage Sites in Iraq
Regions of Iraq
Ecoregions of Iraq
Administrative divisions of Iraq
Administrative divisions of Iraq
Governorates of Iraq
- Baghdad Governorate – Arab, Turkman, Assyrian, Kurdish
- Saladin Governorate – Arab, Turkman, Kurdish
- Diyala Governorate – Arab, Turkman, Kurdish
- Wasit Governorate – Arab, Turkman
- Maysan Governorate – Arab
- Basra Governorate – Arab
- Dhi Qar Governorate – Arab
- Muthanna Governorate – Arab
- Al Qadisyah Governorate – Arab
- Babil Governorate – Arab, Turkman
- Karbala Governorate – Arab
- Najaf Governorate – Arab
- Al Anbar Governorate – Arab
- Nineveh Governorate – Arab, Turkman, Assyrian, Kurdish
- Dahuk Governorate – Assyrian, Kurdish, Arab
- Erbil Governorate – Turkman, Kurdish, Assyrian, Arab
- Kirkuk Governorate – Turkman, Kurdish, Arab, Assyrian
- As Sulaymaniyah – Kurdish, Assyrian
The constitutionally recognized Kurdistan Autonomous Region includes parts of a number of northern provinces, and is largely self-governing in internal affairs.
Districts of Iraq
Municipalities of Iraq
- Cities of Iraq
- Capital of Iraq: Baghdad
Demography of Iraq
Government and politics of Iraq
- Form of government:
- Iraqi Interim Government
- Capital of Iraq: Baghdad
- Elections in Iraq
- Political parties in Iraq
- Provincial Iraqi Control
- Reconstruction of Iraq
Branches of the government of Iraq
Executive branch of the government of Iraq
- Head of state: President of Iraq, Fuad Masum
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Iraq, Haider al-Abadi
- Council of Ministers of Iraq
Legislative branch of the government of Iraq
- Council of Representatives of Iraq (unicameral parliament)
Judicial branch of the government of Iraq
Foreign relations of Iraq
International organization membership
International organization membership of Iraq The Republic of Iraq is a member of:[1]
Law and order in Iraq
- Capital punishment in Iraq
- Constitution of Iraq
- Crime in Iraq
- Human rights in Iraq
- Law enforcement in Iraq
Military of Iraq
- Command
- Forces
- Military history of Iraq
- Military ranks of Iraq
Local government in Iraq
History of Iraq
- Timeline of the history of Iraq
- Current events of Iraq
- History by year: 2001 • 2002 • 2003 • 2004 • 2005 • 2006 • 2007 • 2008 • 2009 • 2010 • 2011 • 2012 • 2013 • 2014 • 2015 • 2016 • 2017 • 2018 •
- Military history of Iraq
- Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present
Culture of Iraq
- Architecture of Iraq
- Cuisine of Iraq
- Festivals in Iraq
- Languages of Iraq
- Media in Iraq
- National symbols of Iraq
- People of Iraq
- Prostitution in Iraq
- Public holidays in Iraq
- Records of Iraq
- Religion in Iraq
- World Heritage Sites in Iraq
Art in Iraq
Sport in Iraq
- Most popular sport: Football (soccer)
Economy and infrastructure of Iraq
- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2017): 54th (Fifty-Fourth)
- Agriculture in Iraq
- Banking in Iraq
- Communications in Iraq
- Companies of Iraq
- Currency of Iraq: Dinar
- Energy in Iraq
- Health care in Iraq
- Mining in Iraq
- Iraq Stock Exchange
- Tourism in Iraq
- Transport in Iraq
- Water supply and sanitation in Iraq
Education in Iraq
Health in Iraq
See also
- List of international rankings
- Member states of the United Nations
- Outline of Asia
- Outline of geography
References
- ^ a b "Iraq". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 21, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
- ^ "Declaration of Principles for a Long-Term Relationship of Cooperation and Friendship Between the Republic of Iraq and the United States of America".
External links
Government
- Iraqi Presidency Website http://www.iraqipresidency.net
- Iraqi Government Website http://www.cabinet.iq
- Iraqi Parliament Website http://www.parliament.iq
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs http://www.mofa.gov.iq
- Ministry of Defense https://web.archive.org/web/20170918022601/http://iraqmod.org/
- Ministry of Oil https://web.archive.org/web/20170802182657/http://www.oil.gov.iq/
- Ministry of Trade http://www.mot.gov.iq
- Ministry of Industry https://web.archive.org/web/20181111035130/http://www.industry.gov.iq/
- Ministry of Higher Education http://www.mohesr.gov.iq
- Kurdistan Regional Government
- New Iraqi government structure (PDF) (As of July 17, 2006)
Overviews
- Encarta Encyclopedia
- al-Bab – Iraq
- Iraq Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit Reports, Maps and Assessments of Iraq from the UN Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit
- Encyclopædia Britannica Iraq Country Page
- BBC News Country Profile – Iraq
- CIA World Factbook – Iraq
- US State Department – Iraq includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports
- Read Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Iraq
- Iraq Country Profile from Reuters AlertNet
- Country Briefing: Iraq from The Economist
News
- Focus on Iraq Daily News on Iraq
- Iraq News and Iraqi views from Electronic Iraq
- News in Depth from the Financial Times
- Diplomacy Monitor-Iraq
- IPS Inter Press Service Independent news about Iraq
- Iraqis react with joy, anger to Hussein death sentence CNN story on Hussein's death sentence
- Hometown Baghdad Documentary series shot by an all-Iraqi crew. Tells the stories of three young people trying to survive in Baghdad.
Other
- Operation Iraqi Children
- Iraq Image, a cultural resource on Iraq cities and locations
- Iraqi Truth Project
- Juan Cole, a leading scholar and public intellectual
- The Ground Truth Project—A series of exclusive interviews and other resources capturing the voices of Iraqis, aid workers, military personnel and others who have spent significant time on-the-ground in Iraq.
- Iraq travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Alternate wiki article about Iraq
- The World Monuments Fund's Iraq Cultural Heritage Conservation Initiative
- Education for Peace in Iraq Center (EPIC)—A Washington DC-based nonprofit organization promoting a free and secure Iraq
- IRAQ: Systematic torture of political prisoners. Amnesty International. 2001.
- Internal Displacement in Iraq – Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- CPA Iraq (Coalition Provisional Authority) Now-defunct occupation authority; site is archived
- Iraq Law from the University of Pittsburgh's Jurist project
- 1900–2000 a history of Iraq
- US Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq
- Iraqi Familiarization Guide – (546 kilobyte PDF file)
- Short Guide to Iraq (WWII U.S. Military Guide)
- Charity Helping the People of Iraq