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{{Short description|Australian network interface device}} |
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{{Merge to|Network termination|discuss=Talk:Network Termination Device (NBN)#Merge into broader article |date=February 2024}} |
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{{Use Australian English|date=February 2017}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}} |
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{{main|National Broadband Network}} |
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A '''Network Termination Device''' (NTD) is a customer-side [[network interface device]] used by the Australian [[National Broadband Network]] (NBN). Network termination devices provide multiple [[Network bridge|bridges]] for customers to access the NBN. There are different types of NTDs for the various connection technologies encompassed by NBN. All connection types except FTTN use NTDs on premises. Depending on the kind of link, NTDs typically provide two telephony and four data channels.<ref>{{cite web |title=Residential preparation and installation: Single Dwelling Units (SDUs) and Multi Dwelling Units (MDUs) |url=https://www.nbnco.com.au/content/dam/nbnco/documents/preparation-and-installation-guide-for-sdus-and-mdus.pdf |date=12 December 2016 |publisher=[[NBN Co]] |access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref> An external power source is required, and an [[uninterruptible power supply]] (UPS) can be used to maintain connection in power outages (battery backups are available for the FTTP NTD). FTTC requires power to be provided from the premises to the kerb (distribution point). |
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NTDs provide [[user–network interface]] (UNI) connections for connection of in-premises devices. They typically have multiple [[Registered jack#RJ45|RJ45 jacks]] for the '''UNI-D''' (data) connection, and some models have [[Registered jack#RJ11|RJ11 jacks]] for the '''UNI-V''' (voice) connection. All NTDs are capable of passing [[Voice over IP|VoIP]] traffic. FTTN requires premises to have a compatible VDSL2 modem. Each UNI-D port can be activated by retail service providers for different NBN services. The NTD cannot be used as a [[Network layer|Layer 3]] router for in-premises networking.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbnco.com.au/residential/learn/network-technology/fibre-to-the-curb-explained-fttc |title=nbn Fibre to the Curb explained |publisher=NBN Co |access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref> |
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[[File:NTD cover removed.jpg|thumb|Network Termination Device for fibre, cover removed]] |
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[[Image:Fixed-wireless-NTD.jpeg|thumb|Network Termination Device for fixed wireless]] |
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[[File:NTD-Satellite.jpeg|thumb|Network Termination Device for satellite]] |
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'''NTD''' (Network Termination Device) is a term used by the Australian [[National Broadband Network]] to describe the customer-side [[Network interface device]]. There are different versions for fibre, fixed wireless and satellite. In each case the device functions as an [[Ethernet]] bridge with four ports, intended for use by up to four [[Retail_Service_Provider | RSP]]s. |
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Most devices used in NBN are produced by [[Alcatel-Lucent]], currently a division of [[Nokia|Nokia Corporation]]. In FTTC networks, the hardware from domestic manufacturers CASA Systems (formerly NetComm) and Adtran are used (noting that the device is formally called an NCD), and in HFC networks from [[Arris International|Arris]], currently a division of [[CommScope]]. FTTN networks, based on [[VDSL2]] technology, can be accessed with any compatible modem or router that supports VDSL2. NBN itself doesn't sell any VDSL2-compatible hardware and it must be supplied by end-user of the network. |
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Technicians sometimes refer to NTDs for fixed wireless as IDU (Indoor Unit) in contrast with the antenna, which is called an Outdoor Unit (ODU). The User Guide for NBN Fixed Wireless Connection refers to the devices as the NBN Connection Box and NBN Outdoor Antenna, respectively. |
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==Network technologies== |
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{{see also|National Broadband Network#NBN Technologies}} |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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|+ Comparison of NTDs for different network technologies |
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|- |
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! scope="col" | Technology |
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! scope="col" | Model |
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! scope="col" | Upstream protocol |
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! scope="col" | UNI-V jacks |
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! scope="col" | UNI-D jacks |
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! scope="col" style="width: 20%;" | Alternative names |
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! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" | Notes |
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|- |
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| FTTP || Alcatel-Lucent || [[GPON]] || 2 || 4|| || |
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|- |
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| FTTB/N || None (end-user modem) || [[Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line|VDSL2]] || 0 || 0 || VDSL2 modem || The UNI for a FTTB/N service is a copper pair termination in the premises (at the building MDF) carrying a VDSL2 signal. UNI-V or UNI-D style functionality is provided by the CPE modem/router supplied by the customer or end user. |
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|- |
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| FTTC || Casa Systems (previously NetcommWireless) NDD-0300<ref>[https://www.zdnet.com/article/netcomm-wireless-unveils-fttc-network-connection-device/ Corinne Reichert, (4 December 2017), NetComm Wireless unveils FttC network connection device, ZDNet]</ref> |
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| VDSL2 || 0 || 1 || Network connection device (NCD) or FTTC connection device.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://community.tpg.com.au/t5/NBN-Installation/quot-FTTC-Connection-Device-quot-fancy-way-of-saying-quot/td-p/17985 |title="FTTC Connection Device" = fancy way of saying "Standalone VDSL2 modem"? |website=TPG Community |date=September 2018 |access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref> FTTC was previously known as fibre to the distribution point (FTTdp).|| |
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* A ''distribution point unit'' (DPU), is located near the property boundary inside a Telstra pit on the street and can service up to 4 connections. |
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* The DPU is an Adtran 504VG powered from the mains-powered NDD-0300 NTDs installed for each NBN connection within the premises served (the NTD provides 60VDC to deliver 48VDC at the DPU, allowing for line resistance). |
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|- |
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| HFC || Arris CM8200(B) || [[DOCSIS 3.0]] || 0 || 2 || Cable modem || Only one UNI-D port (UNI-D 1) is supported for use. |
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|- |
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| Fixed wireless || Alcatel-Lucent || [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]] || 0 || 4 || NBN connection box or indoor unit (IDU) or 4G modem || Where a [[plain old telephone service]] (POTS) is in place, this can be kept |
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|- |
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| Satellite || ViaSAT Residential Broadband Terminal 1240 || || 0 || 4|| Indoor unit (IDU) || |
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*Where a POTS connection is in place, this can be kept |
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*Part of the [[very small aperture terminal]] (VSAT) system<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbnco.com.au/content/dam/nbnco2/documents/network-design-rules.pdf |page=49 |title=Network Design Rules |date=29 June 2018 |publisher=NBN Co. |access-date=21 August 2019 |archive-date=22 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722190900/https://www.nbnco.com.au/content/dam/nbnco2/documents/network-design-rules.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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|} |
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==Gallery== |
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{{Gallery |
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|align=center |
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|File:NTD cover removed.jpg |
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|alt1=Fibre NTD with cover removed |
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|FTTP NTD (cover removed), showing [[Ethernet]], power and fibre connections |
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|File:Fixed-wireless-NTD.jpeg |
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|alt2=Fixed wireless NTD |
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|Fixed wireless NTD |
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|File:NBN-Fixed-Wireless-ODU.jpg |
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|alt3=Fixed wireless ODU antenna |
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|Fixed wireless outdoor unit (ODU) antenna (paired with the NTD) |
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|File:NTD-Satellite.jpeg |
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|alt4=Satellite NTD |
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|Satellite NTD |
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|File:ArrisCM8200.jpg |
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|alt5=Cable Modem |
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|HFC Cable Modem (NTD) |
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|File:NBN FTTC.jpg |
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|alt6=VDSL Modem |
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|FTTC VDSL Modem (NCD) |
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}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:National Broadband Network]] |
[[Category:National Broadband Network]] |
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[[Category:Networking hardware]] |
[[Category:Networking hardware]] |
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{{Compu-network-stub}} |
Latest revision as of 08:56, 28 April 2024
A Network Termination Device (NTD) is a customer-side network interface device used by the Australian National Broadband Network (NBN). Network termination devices provide multiple bridges for customers to access the NBN. There are different types of NTDs for the various connection technologies encompassed by NBN. All connection types except FTTN use NTDs on premises. Depending on the kind of link, NTDs typically provide two telephony and four data channels.[1] An external power source is required, and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can be used to maintain connection in power outages (battery backups are available for the FTTP NTD). FTTC requires power to be provided from the premises to the kerb (distribution point).
NTDs provide user–network interface (UNI) connections for connection of in-premises devices. They typically have multiple RJ45 jacks for the UNI-D (data) connection, and some models have RJ11 jacks for the UNI-V (voice) connection. All NTDs are capable of passing VoIP traffic. FTTN requires premises to have a compatible VDSL2 modem. Each UNI-D port can be activated by retail service providers for different NBN services. The NTD cannot be used as a Layer 3 router for in-premises networking.[2]
Most devices used in NBN are produced by Alcatel-Lucent, currently a division of Nokia Corporation. In FTTC networks, the hardware from domestic manufacturers CASA Systems (formerly NetComm) and Adtran are used (noting that the device is formally called an NCD), and in HFC networks from Arris, currently a division of CommScope. FTTN networks, based on VDSL2 technology, can be accessed with any compatible modem or router that supports VDSL2. NBN itself doesn't sell any VDSL2-compatible hardware and it must be supplied by end-user of the network.
Network technologies
Technology | Model | Upstream protocol | UNI-V jacks | UNI-D jacks | Alternative names | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FTTP | Alcatel-Lucent | GPON | 2 | 4 | ||
FTTB/N | None (end-user modem) | VDSL2 | 0 | 0 | VDSL2 modem | The UNI for a FTTB/N service is a copper pair termination in the premises (at the building MDF) carrying a VDSL2 signal. UNI-V or UNI-D style functionality is provided by the CPE modem/router supplied by the customer or end user. |
FTTC | Casa Systems (previously NetcommWireless) NDD-0300[3] | VDSL2 | 0 | 1 | Network connection device (NCD) or FTTC connection device.[4] FTTC was previously known as fibre to the distribution point (FTTdp). |
|
HFC | Arris CM8200(B) | DOCSIS 3.0 | 0 | 2 | Cable modem | Only one UNI-D port (UNI-D 1) is supported for use. |
Fixed wireless | Alcatel-Lucent | LTE | 0 | 4 | NBN connection box or indoor unit (IDU) or 4G modem | Where a plain old telephone service (POTS) is in place, this can be kept |
Satellite | ViaSAT Residential Broadband Terminal 1240 | 0 | 4 | Indoor unit (IDU) |
|
Gallery
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FTTP NTD (cover removed), showing Ethernet, power and fibre connections
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Fixed wireless NTD
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Fixed wireless outdoor unit (ODU) antenna (paired with the NTD)
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Satellite NTD
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HFC Cable Modem (NTD)
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FTTC VDSL Modem (NCD)
References
- ^ "Residential preparation and installation: Single Dwelling Units (SDUs) and Multi Dwelling Units (MDUs)" (PDF). NBN Co. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "nbn Fibre to the Curb explained". NBN Co. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ Corinne Reichert, (4 December 2017), NetComm Wireless unveils FttC network connection device, ZDNet
- ^ ""FTTC Connection Device" = fancy way of saying "Standalone VDSL2 modem"?". TPG Community. September 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Network Design Rules" (PDF). NBN Co. 29 June 2018. p. 49. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2019. Retrieved 21 August 2019.