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==Table: List of United States Presidents by military rank== |
==Table: List of United States Presidents by military rank== |
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===General of the Armies<!-- Do NOT add any conjectured insignia images to this section. See talk page. User:MrDolomite --><!---Since no Admiral of the Navy has become President, I have commented out so it is ready to go, should one ever become President. User:OCNative---><!-- / Admiral of the Navy-->=== |
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===General of the Army<!---Since no O-11 naval officer has become President, I have commented out so it is ready to go, should one ever become President. User:OCNative---><!-- / 50px Fleet Admiral-->=== |
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===(O-10) |
===(O-10) 50px General<!---Since no O-10 naval officer has become President, I have commented out so it is ready to go, should one ever become President. User:OCNative---><!-- / 50px Admiral-->=== |
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<!---Ok, it looked odd not to have an O-9 section, so here it is, commented out and ready to go User:MrDolomite---> |
<!---Ok, it looked odd not to have an O-9 section, so here it is, commented out and ready to go User:MrDolomite---> |
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===(O-9) [[Image:US-O9 insignia.svg|50px]] [[Lieutenant General (United States)|Lieutenant General]] / [[Image:US Navy O9 insignia.svg|50px]] [[Vice admiral (United States)|Vice Admiral]]=== |
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===(O-9) 50px Lieutenant General / 50px Vice Admiral=== |
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===(O-8) |
===(O-8) 50px Major General<!---Since no O-8 naval officer has become President, I have commented out so it is ready to go, should one ever become President. User:OCNative---><!-- / 50px Rear Admiral ''Upper Half''-->=== |
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| Major General of Volunteers |
| Major General of Volunteers |
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| [[James A. Garfield]] |
| [[James A. Garfield]] |
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| His heroic ride at the [[Battle of Chickamauga]] later helped him to be elected President. |
| His heroic ride at the [[Battle of Chickamauga]] later helped him to be elected President. |
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===(O-7) |
===(O-7) 50px Brigadier General<!---Since no O-7 naval officer has become President, I have commented out so it is ready to go, should one ever become President. User:OCNative---><!-- / 50px Rear Admiral ''Lower Half'' (formerly, Commodore)-->=== |
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===(O-6) |
===(O-6) 50px Colonel<!---Since no O-6 naval officer has become President, I have commented out so it is ready to go, should one ever become President. User:OCNative---><!-- / 50px Captain-->=== |
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===(O-5) |
===(O-5) 50px Commander=== |
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===(O-4) |
===(O-4) 50px Major / 50px Lieutenant Commander=== |
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===(O-3) |
===(O-3) 50px Captain / 50px Lieutenant=== |
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===(O-2) |
===(O-2) 25px First Lieutenant / 50px Lieutenant, Junior Grade=== |
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===Private=== |
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| None |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[United States Air Force officer rank insignia]] |
*[[United States Air Force officer rank insignia]] |
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*[[List of United States military leaders by rank]] |
*[[List of United States military leaders by rank]] |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents}} |
{{Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of United States Presidents By Military Rank}} |
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[[Category:Lists relating to the United States presidency|Military rank]] |
[[Category:Lists relating to the United States presidency|Military rank]] |
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[[Category:Military ranks]] |
[[Category:Military ranks]] |
Revision as of 00:48, 8 December 2009
The United States Constitution names the President of the United States the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. armed forces. However, many Presidents served in the military before their terms of office.
Table: List of United States Presidents by military rank
General of the Armies
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | General of the Armies of the United States | Virginia militia, Continental Army, United States Army | George Washington[1][2] | Yes, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War | Served in the Virginia militia (1752–1758), attaining the rank of colonel; served as commander in chief of the Continental Army (1775–1783) during the Revolutionary War, with the rank of "General and Commander in Chief." Washington was a Lieutenant General in the United States Army at his death. In 1976, then-president Gerald R. Ford posthumously appointed Washington as General of the Armies of the United States and specified that he would forever rank above all officers of the Army, past, present and future. |
General of the Army
{| class=wikitable ! width="4%" valign=bottom | Rank order ! width="13%" valign=bottom | Highest rank ! width="12%" valign=bottom | Branch ! width="18%" valign=bottom | President ! width="20%" valign=bottom | Combat? ! width="31%" valign=bottom | Service notes |- valign=top | 2 | General of the Army | United States Army (Regular army) | Dwight D. Eisenhower | Supreme Commander of the Allied Invasion of Europe, primarily the Battles for Normandy, France and Germany World War II. | Attended West Point; served 1915–1952. Served stateside during World War I and as Supreme Allied Commander during World War II. |}
(O-10) 50px General
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | General | United States Army (Regular Army) | Ulysses S. Grant | Yes, Mexican-American War and Civil War | Attended West Point; first Lieutenant General since Washington, appointed as four-star General of the Army in 1866. |
(O-8) 50px Major General
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | Major General | North Carolina militia, Tennessee militia, United States Army | Andrew Jackson | Yes, Revolutionary War, Creek War, War of 1812, First Seminole War. | Served at age 13 as a militia messenger during the Revolutionary War; was captured, becoming the only President to have been held as a prisoner of war (Washington had surrendered in the French and Indian War but was immediately paroled); served in the War of 1812, attaining the rank of major general and became a national hero after his success at the Battle of New Orleans. |
United States Army | William H. Harrison | Yes, Northwest Indian War, War of 1812 | Dates of service: 1791–1798, 1812–1814. Became national hero after success at the Battle of the Thames. | ||
Zachary Taylor | Yes, War of 1812, Black Hawk War, Second Seminole War, and Mexican-American War, | Became a national hero because of his achievements in the Mexican-American War. | |||
Brevet Major General of Volunteers | United States Army (volunteers) | Rutherford B. Hayes | Yes, Civil War | Successful leadership in Virginia/West Virginia region; wounded at the Battle of South Mountain | |
Major General of Volunteers | James A. Garfield | His heroic ride at the Battle of Chickamauga later helped him to be elected President. |
(O-7) 50px Brigadier General
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Brigadier General of Volunteers | United States Army (State militia, New Hampshire) | Franklin Pierce | Yes, Mexican-American War | Enlisted as Private |
5 | Brigadier General of Volunteers | United States Army | Andrew Johnson | No, appointed Military Governor of Tennessee during Civil War with rank of Brigadier General | None |
5 | Quartermaster General | New York State militia | Chester A. Arthur | No, non-combatant service only during Civil War | Quartermaster’s Corps. Dates of service: 1860–1862. As a state quartermaster, he could not be mustered into Federal service. |
5 | Brevet Brigadier General of Volunteers | United States Army (State militia, Indiana) | Benjamin Harrison | Yes, Civil War | Battle of Perryville Atlanta Campaign Battle of Nashville |
(O-6) 50px Colonel
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | Colonel | Virginia militia, Albemarle County | Thomas Jefferson | No | Like other Virginia gentlemen, he had militia duties, and did administrative work |
Virginia militia, Orange County | James Madison | No, but served between 1775-1781 during the Revolutionary War. Also see Service Notes. | Left militia to enter Virginia legislature. (Some sources claim Madison briefly assumed command of an artillery battery during the British assault on Washington during the War of 1812. If true, he would join Washington (Whiskey Rebellion) as having seen military service as commander-in-chief.) | ||
State militia, Tennessee | James K. Polk | Unknown | Served 1821 | ||
United States Army (State militia, New York National Guard, 1st U.S. Volunteer Cavalry Regiment aka the Rough Riders). | Theodore Roosevelt | Yes, Spanish American War | Famous for charge up San Juan Hill. Posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. As ex-president, volunteered for service in World War I, but President Wilson declined. | ||
United States Army (National Army) | Harry S. Truman | Yes, World War I | Served 1905–1911, then in World War I, 129th Field Artillery (1917–1919), Army Reserves (1919–1953)[3] |
(O-5) 50px Commander
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 | Commander | United States Navy (U.S. Naval Reserve) | Lyndon B. Johnson | Yes, World War II | Awarded Silver Star medal by General Douglas MacArthur for his role as an observer on a B-26 bomber mission.[4][5] (Controversial.)[6][7]. |
7 | Commander | United States Navy (U.S. Naval Reserve) | Richard Nixon | Yes. World War II | Served 1942–1945 in the Supply Corps on various islands in the South Pacific and Commanded SCAT units in the South Pacific.[8] |
(O-4) 50px Major / 50px Lieutenant Commander
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 | Major | Continental Army, Virginia State Troops | James Monroe | Yes, Revolutionary War | Dates of service: 1776–1779. Crossed the Delaware River with Washington (he's holding the flag in the famous painting); wounded in the Battle of Trenton. As Secretary of State during the War of 1812, scouted and deployed troops during the British invasion of Washington. |
8 | Brevet Major of Volunteers | United States Army (Volunteers) | William McKinley | Yes, Civil War | Served in the Army of the Potomac, originally with the 23rd Ohio Infantry same as President Rutherford B. Hayes. First major engagement in West Virginia in 1861 and was present at the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia. |
8 | Lieutenant Commander | United States Navy (U.S. Naval Reserve) | Gerald Ford | Yes, World War II | Years of service: 1942–1946. Served on USS Monterey. Earned 10 battle stars.[9][10] |
8 | Major | Union Continentals (home guard) | Millard Fillmore | No, Civil War | Years of service: 1861 (after departure from Presidency) [11] |
(O-3) 50px Captain / 50px Lieutenant
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 | Captain | State militia, Virginia. | John Tyler | Yes, War of 1812 | Raised a company for the defense of Richmond in 1813 |
9 | Captain | State militia, Illinois. | Abraham Lincoln | No, served during Black Hawk War, did not see combat, only burying the dead shortly after battles ended. | Elected to the rank of Captain, re-enlisted as a private. Honorably discharged without seeing combat. |
9 | Lieutenant | United States Navy (U.S. Naval Reserve) | John F. Kennedy | Yes, World War II | Commanded a PT boat. Earned Purple Heart and Navy and Marine Corps Medal for heroism in the PT-109 Incident.[12] |
9 | Lieutenant | United States Navy (U.S. Naval Reserve) | Jimmy Carter[13][14] | No, was a midshipman during World War II, served during Korean War, but never sent to Korea | Years of service: 1946–1953. Graduated 59th in class of 1946 out of 820, United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Submarine service (Nuclear Specialist) |
9 | Captain | United States Army (U.S. Army Reserve) | Ronald Reagan | No, served during World War II but was not deployed. | Served as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army Reserve; served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, attaining the rank of captain. Was barred from combat because of poor eyesight. Narrated pre-flight training films under the Army Air Forces Motion Picture Unit. |
(O-2) 25px First Lieutenant / 50px Lieutenant, Junior Grade
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | Lieutenant, Junior Grade | United States Navy (U.S. Naval Reserve) | George H. W. Bush[15] | Yes, World War II | Youngest pilot in the United States Navy during World War II (age 19). Earned Distinguished Flying Cross. |
10 | First Lieutenant | United States Air Force (State militia, Texas Air National Guard) | George W. Bush | No, served during the Vietnam War but did not see combat. |
Private
Rank order | Highest rank | Branch | President | Combat? | Service notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Private | United States Army (State militia, Pennsylvania) | James Buchanan | Yes, War of 1812 | Only President who enlisted without going on to become an officer |
Did not serve in uniform
President | Service notes |
---|---|
John Adams | None |
John Quincy Adams | None |
Martin Van Buren | None |
Grover Cleveland | He was drafted during the Civil War, but paid $150 for a substitute (a legal option under the terms of the Conscription Act of 1863, and his substitute survived the war). |
William H. Taft | None, he was Secretary of War under President Theodore Roosevelt from 1904 to 1908. |
Woodrow Wilson | He served as President during World War I. |
Warren G. Harding | None |
Calvin Coolidge | He is listed on Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts website as "Commander-in-Chief" as Massachusetts Governor and then an Honorary member |
Herbert Hoover | He served in a private (civilian) humanitarian capacity in Europe during World War I. However, he was involved in the Siege of Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion. |
Franklin D. Roosevelt | He attempted to join the Navy during the Spanish American War but was unable as he contracted measles. Served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1913 and through World War I; when the U.S. entered the war in 1917 he offered his resignation so that he could apply for a commission in the Navy, but was refused by the President. Witnessed fighting in World War I. In a post World War I publication "Harvard in the War" he is listed among the Harvard's contributors to World War I effort. He served as President during World War II. |
Bill Clinton | He received a draft deferment to avoid service in the Vietnam War. |
Barack Obama | None |
See also
- United States Army officer rank insignia
- United States Navy officer rank insignia
- United States Air Force officer rank insignia
- List of United States military leaders by rank
References
- ^ wikisource:Public Law 94-479
- ^ wikisource:Order 31-3 Department of the Army Order Number 31-3 of 13 March 1978
- ^ "Military Personnel File of Harry S. Truman". Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved 1 January 2009.
- ^ American Warriors Home Page
- ^ Commander Lyndon B. Johnson, USNR from the Naval Historical Center
- ^ Caro, Robert. The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0394499735.
The most you can say about Lyndon Johnson and his Silver Star is that it is surely one of the most undeserved Silver Stars in history, because if you accept everything that he said, he was still in action for no more than 13 minutes and only as an observer. Men who flew many missions, brave men, never got a Silver Star.
- ^ Tillman, Barrett and Sakaida, Henry. "LBJ's Silver Star: The Mission That Never Was". b-26marauderarchive.org. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
The fact is LBJ never got within sight of Japanese forces.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Commander Richard M. Nixon, USNR from the Naval Historical Center
- ^ CNN.com Specials
- ^ Lieutenant Commander Gerald R. Ford, USNR from the Naval Historical Center
- ^ The American Presidency
- ^ Lieutenant John F. Kennedy, USN from the Naval Historical Center
- ^ Jimmy Carter's Naval Service record from the Jimmy Carter Library & Museum
- ^ Lieutenant James Earle Carter, Jr., USN from the Naval Historical Center
- ^ Lieutenant Junior Grade George Bush, USNR from the Naval Historical Center