Sundostund (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Hammersoft (talk | contribs) rm fair use images in list, per WP:NFLISTS, fails WP:NFCC #8; also all lacked rationale per WP:NFCC #10c |
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|7 March 1942 |
|7 March 1942 |
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|- style="background:#FCF75E" |
|- style="background:#FCF75E" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:KallayMiklos.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Miklós Kállay]] |
|[[Miklós Kállay]] |
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|9 March 1942 |
|9 March 1942 |
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|23 March 1944 |
|23 March 1944 |
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|- style="background:#EEEEFF" |
|- style="background:#EEEEFF" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:SztojayDome.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Döme Sztójay]]<br /><small>appointed by the [[Nazi Germany|Germans]]</small> |
|[[Döme Sztójay]]<br /><small>appointed by the [[Nazi Germany|Germans]]</small> |
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|23 March 1944 |
|23 March 1944 |
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|rowspan="2"|''Independent'' |
|rowspan="2"|''Independent'' |
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|- style="background:#EEEEFF" |
|- style="background:#EEEEFF" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:LakatosGeza.png|80px]] |
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|[[Géza Lakatos]] |
|[[Géza Lakatos]] |
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|29 August 1944 |
|29 August 1944 |
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! width=8% | Political Party |
! width=8% | Political Party |
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|- style="background:#CCCCCC" |
|- style="background:#CCCCCC" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:SzalasiFerenc.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Ferenc Szálasi]]<br /><small>''de facto''</small><br /><small>also [[List of heads of state of Hungary|Head of State]] (Leader of the Nation)</small> |
|[[Ferenc Szálasi]]<br /><small>''de facto''</small><br /><small>also [[List of heads of state of Hungary|Head of State]] (Leader of the Nation)</small> |
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|16 October 1944 |
|16 October 1944 |
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! width=8% | Political Party |
! width=8% | Political Party |
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|- style="background:#EEEEFF" |
|- style="background:#EEEEFF" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:BelaMiklos.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Béla Miklós]]<br /><small>in opposition to 13 February 1945</small> |
|[[Béla Miklós]]<br /><small>in opposition to 13 February 1945</small> |
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|22 December 1944 |
|22 December 1944 |
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|''Independent'' |
|''Independent'' |
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|- style="background:#DDEBAB" |
|- style="background:#DDEBAB" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:TildyZoltan.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Zoltán Tildy]] |
|[[Zoltán Tildy]] |
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|15 November 1945 |
|15 November 1945 |
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|[[Hungarian Communist Party|MKP]] |
|[[Hungarian Communist Party|MKP]] |
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|- style="background:#DDEBAB" |
|- style="background:#DDEBAB" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:NagyFerenc.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Ferenc Nagy]] |
|[[Ferenc Nagy]] |
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|4 February 1946 |
|4 February 1946 |
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|[[Hungarian Communist Party|MKP]] |
|[[Hungarian Communist Party|MKP]] |
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|- style="background:#DDEBAB" |
|- style="background:#DDEBAB" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:DinnyesLajos.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Lajos Dinnyés]] |
|[[Lajos Dinnyés]] |
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|31 May 1947 |
|31 May 1947 |
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|[[FKGP]] |
|[[FKGP]] |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:DobiIstvan.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[István Dobi]] |
|[[István Dobi]] |
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|10 December 1948 |
|10 December 1948 |
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! width=8% | Political Party |
! width=8% | Political Party |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:DobiIstvan.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[István Dobi]] |
|[[István Dobi]] |
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|20 August 1949 |
|20 August 1949 |
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|rowspan="8"|[[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party|MSZMP]] |
|rowspan="8"|[[Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party|MSZMP]] |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:MunnichFerenc.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Ferenc Münnich]] |
|[[Ferenc Münnich]] |
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|28 January 1958 |
|28 January 1958 |
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|30 June 1965 |
|30 June 1965 |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:KallaiGyula.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Gyula Kállai]] |
|[[Gyula Kállai]] |
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|30 June 1965 |
|30 June 1965 |
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|14 April 1967 |
|14 April 1967 |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:FockJeno.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Jenő Fock]] |
|[[Jenő Fock]] |
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|14 April 1967 |
|14 April 1967 |
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|15 May 1975 |
|15 May 1975 |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:LazarGyorgy.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[György Lázár]] |
|[[György Lázár]] |
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|15 May 1975 |
|15 May 1975 |
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|25 June 1987 |
|25 June 1987 |
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|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
|- style="background:#FFB6B6" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:GroszKaroly.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Károly Grósz]] |
|[[Károly Grósz]] |
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|25 June 1987 |
|25 June 1987 |
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|rowspan="2"|[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]] |
|rowspan="2"|[[Hungarian Democratic Forum|MDF]] |
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|- style="background:#CCFFCC" |
|- style="background:#CCFFCC" |
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|<!-- Do NOT place non-free imagery here --> |
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|[[File:BorossPeter.jpg|80px]] |
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|[[Péter Boross]]<br /><small>[[Acting (law)|Acting]] until 21 December</small> |
|[[Péter Boross]]<br /><small>[[Acting (law)|Acting]] until 21 December</small> |
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|12 December 1993 |
|12 December 1993 |
Revision as of 15:10, 25 March 2011
Prime Minister of the Republic of Hungary | |
---|---|
Appointer | Pál Schmitt, as President of Hungary |
Term length | Four years |
Inaugural holder | Lajos Batthyány |
Formation | 17 March 1848 |
Website | The Prime Minister's Office |
The Prime Minister of Hungary (Hungarian: miniszterelnök, literally translated "Minister-President") is the head of government of Hungary. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Hungarian parliament (the Országgyűlés) and the leader of the cabinet. The current Prime Minister is Viktor Orbán, who has served since 29 May 2010.
Official title
The title of Hungary's head of government in Hungarian is miniszterelnök. Literally translated, this means "Minister-President". However, because "Prime minister" or "premier" is the more usual title in a parliamentary system for a head of government in English-speaking nations, the head of the Hungarian government is usually referred to by English speakers as the "Prime Minister of Hungary".
Election and appointment of the Prime Minister
The Prime Minister is officially appointed by the President of Hungary. According to the Hungarian Constitution, the President shall appoint the leader of the political party with the majority of the votes in the Parliament as Prime Minister. If there is no party with a majority, the leader of the largest party is asked to attempt to form a government. Therefore, the election of members of a certain party to parliament is the equivalent to a vote for that party's leader for Prime Minister.
History of the office
Palatine of Hungary
The palatine (Latin: comes palatii, comes palatinus, later palatinus (regni), Hungarian: nádorispán/ nádor, Slovak: nádvorný župan/ nádvorný špán, later: palatín / nádvorník, German: Palatin) was the highest dignitary in the Kingdom of Hungary after the king (a kind of powerful Prime Minister and supreme judge) from the kingdom's rise up to 1848/1918.
Initially, he was in fact the representative of the king, later the vice-regent (viceroy). In the early centuries of the kingdom, he was appointed by the king, later elected by the Diet of the Kingdom of Hungary. After the Habsburgs solidified their hold of Hungary, the dignity became an appointed position once again. Finally, it became hereditary in a cadet (junior) branch of the Habsburg dynasty after King Francis appointed his brother Joseph.
Creation of the position
During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 the revolutionaries wanted the creation of a Hungarian cabinet which would be independent from the Austrian Empire and the Buda Chancellery (which was office of the Imperial Governor-General). One of the 12 points said: 2. A responsible government in Buda-Pest.
Ferdinand V appointed Count Lajos Batthyány for the position of Prime Minister of Hungary on 17 March 1848. The government was called ministry, differently from the current acceptation. The ministries were called departments. The position was vacant after the defeat of the freedom fight.
Heads of Government of Hungary (1848–Present)
Hungarian Revolution of 1848 (1848–1849)
Parties Opposition Party Independent
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lajos Batthyány | 17 March 1848 | 2 October 1848 | Opposition Party | |
Ádám Récsey illegitimate |
3 October 1848 | 26 November 1848 | Independent | |
Lajos Kossuth also Governor-President from 14 April 1849 |
26 November 1848 | 1 May 1849 | Opposition Party | |
Bertalan Szemere | 2 May 1849 | 11 August 1849 |
After the collapse of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Hungary became an integral part of the Austrian Empire until 1867, when dual Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was created.
Kingdom of Hungary during Austria-Hungary (1867–1918)
Parties Deák Party Liberal Party Constitution Party/Party of National Work/Constitution Party of 48 Independent
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gyula Andrássy | 17 February 1867 | 14 November 1871 | Deák Party | |
Menyhért Lónyay | 14 November 1871 | 4 December 1872 | ||
József Szlávy | 4 December 1872 | 1 March 1874 | ||
István Bittó | 1 March 1874 | 2 March 1875 | ||
Béla Wenckheim | 2 March 1875 | 20 October 1875 | Liberal Party | |
Kálmán Tisza | 20 October 1875 | 13 March 1890 | ||
Gyula Szapáry | 13 March 1890 | 17 November 1892 | ||
Sándor Wekerle | 17 November 1892 | 14 January 1895 | ||
Dezső Bánffy | 14 January 1895 | 26 February 1899 | ||
Kálmán Széll | 26 February 1899 | 27 June 1903 | ||
Károly Khuen-Héderváry | 27 June 1903 | 3 November 1903 | ||
István Tisza | 3 November 1903 | 18 June 1905 | ||
Géza Fejérváry | 18 June 1905 | 8 April 1906 | Independent | |
Sándor Wekerle | 8 April 1906 | 17 January 1910 | Constitution Party | |
Károly Khuen-Héderváry | 17 January 1910 | 22 April 1912 | Party of National Work | |
László Lukács | 22 April 1912 | 10 June 1913 | ||
István Tisza | 10 June 1913 | 15 June 1917 | ||
Móric Esterházy | 15 June 1917 | 20 August 1917 | Constitution Party of 48 | |
Sándor Wekerle | 20 August 1917 | 29 October 1918 | ||
János Hadik | 29 October 1918 | 31 October 1918 |
Hungarian Democratic Republic (1918–1919)
Parties Independence Party Civil Radical Party
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mihály Károlyi also Head of State |
1 November 1918 | 11 January 1919 | Independence Party | |
Dénes Berinkey Acting until 19 January |
11 January 1919 | 22 March 1919 | Civil Radical Party |
Hungarian Soviet Republic (1919)
Parties Socialist Party of Hungary MSZDP
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sándor Garbai Chairman of the Hungarian Central Executive Council also Head of State |
22 March 1919 | 1 August 1919 | Socialist Party of Hungary | |
Gyula Peidl also acting Head of State |
1 August 1919 | 6 August 1919 | MSZDP |
Counter-Revolutionary Governments (1919)
Parties Independent
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gyula Károlyi | 5 May 1919 | 12 July 1919 | Independent | |
Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám | 12 July 1919 | 12 August 1919 | National Government |
Romanian Occupation (1919–1920)
Parties KNEP
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
István Friedrich also Head of State from 23 August 1919 |
7 August 1919 | 24 November 1919 | Independent → KNEP | |
Károly Huszár also Head of State |
24 November 1919 | 1 March 1920 | KNEP |
Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1944)
Parties KNEP Unity Party Party of National Unity Party of Hungarian Life Independent
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
File:Simonyi-Semadam.jpg | Sándor Simonyi-Semadam | 15 March 1920 | 19 July 1920 | KNEP |
File:Pál Teleki 4th World Scout Jamboree Gödöllő.jpg | Pál Teleki | 19 July 1920 | 14 April 1921 | |
István Bethlen | 14 April 1921 | 24 August 1931 | KNEP → Unity Party | |
File:1IstvanRakovszky.jpg | István Rakovszky illegitimate |
21 October 1921 | 26 October 1921 | Rival Government |
Gyula Károlyi | 24 August 1931 | 1 October 1932 | Unity Party | |
Gyula Gömbös | 1 October 1932 | 6 October 1936 | Party of National Unity | |
Kálmán Darányi | 12 October 1936 | 14 May 1938 | ||
Béla Imrédy | 14 May 1938 | 16 February 1939 | ||
File:Pál Teleki 4th World Scout Jamboree Gödöllő.jpg | Pál Teleki | 16 February 1939 | 3 April 1941 | Party of Hungarian Life |
László Bárdossy | 3 April 1941 | 7 March 1942 | ||
Miklós Kállay | 9 March 1942 | 23 March 1944 | ||
Döme Sztójay appointed by the Germans |
23 March 1944 | 29 August 1944 | Independent | |
Géza Lakatos | 29 August 1944 | 16 October 1944 |
Government of National Unity (1944–1945)
Parties Arrow Cross Party
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ferenc Szálasi de facto also Head of State (Leader of the Nation) |
16 October 1944 | 28 March 1945 | Arrow Cross Party |
Soviet Backed Provisional Governments (1944–1946)
Parties Independent FKGP
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Béla Miklós in opposition to 13 February 1945 |
22 December 1944 | 15 November 1945 | Independent | |
Zoltán Tildy | 15 November 1945 | 1 February 1946 | FKGP |
Republic of Hungary (1946–1949)
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mátyás Rákosi Interim |
1 February 1946 | 4 February 1946 | MKP | |
Ferenc Nagy | 4 February 1946 | 31 May 1947 | FKGP | |
Mátyás Rákosi Interim |
31 May 1947 | MKP | ||
Lajos Dinnyés | 31 May 1947 | 10 December 1948 | FKGP | |
István Dobi | 10 December 1948 | 20 August 1949 | FKGP → MDP |
People's Republic of Hungary (1949–1989)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
István Dobi | 20 August 1949 | 14 August 1952 | MDP | |
Mátyás Rákosi | 14 August 1952 | 4 July 1953 | ||
Imre Nagy | 4 July 1953 | 18 April 1955 | ||
András Hegedüs | 18 April 1955 | 24 October 1956 | ||
Imre Nagy | 24 October 1956 | 4 November 1956 | ||
János Kádár | 4 November 1956 | 28 January 1958 | MSZMP | |
Ferenc Münnich | 28 January 1958 | 13 September 1961 | ||
János Kádár | 13 September 1961 | 30 June 1965 | ||
Gyula Kállai | 30 June 1965 | 14 April 1967 | ||
Jenő Fock | 14 April 1967 | 15 May 1975 | ||
György Lázár | 15 May 1975 | 25 June 1987 | ||
Károly Grósz | 25 June 1987 | 23 November 1988 | ||
File:Nemeth.gif | Miklós Németh | 23 November 1988 | 23 October 1989 |
Republic of Hungary (1989–Present)
Picture | Name | From | Until | Political Party |
---|---|---|---|---|
File:Nemeth.gif | Miklós Németh | 23 October 1989 | 23 May 1990 | MSZMP |
József Antall | 23 May 1990 | 12 December 1993 | MDF | |
Péter Boross Acting until 21 December |
12 December 1993 | 15 July 1994 | ||
Gyula Horn | 15 July 1994 | 6 July 1998 | MSZP | |
Viktor Orbán | 6 July 1998 | 27 May 2002 | Fidesz | |
File:Medgyessypéter.JPG | Péter Medgyessy | 27 May 2002 | 29 September 2004 | Independent, supported by MSZP-SZDSZ |
Ferenc Gyurcsány | 29 September 2004 | 14 April 2009 | MSZP | |
Gordon Bajnai | 14 April 2009 | 29 May 2010 | Independent, supported by MSZP-SZDSZ | |
Viktor Orbán | 29 May 2010 | Incumbent | Fidesz |
Living former Prime Ministers
Name | Term | Date of birth |
---|---|---|
György Lázár | 1975–1987 | 15 September 1924 |
Miklós Németh | 1988–1990 | 24 January 1948 |
Péter Boross | 1993–1994 | 27 August 1928 |
Gyula Horn | 1994–1998 | 5 July 1932 |
Péter Medgyessy | 2002–2004 | 19 October 1942 |
Ferenc Gyurcsány | 2004–2009 | 4 June 1961 |
Gordon Bajnai | 2009–2010 | 5 March 1968 |