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''This is a list of [[Jewish Americans|Jewish American]] Businesspeople. For other Jewish Americans, see [[List of Jewish Americans]].'' |
''This is a list of [[Jewish Americans|Jewish American]] Businesspeople. For other Jewish Americans, see [[List of Jewish Americans]].'' |
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==Finance== |
==Finance & Trading== |
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*[[Lloyd C. Blankfein]], Chairman and CEO of [[Goldman Sachs]]<ref>{{cite web|title=The Atlantic Wire (Atlantic Monthly online)|year=Jan 29, 2010|url=http://www.theatlanticwire.com/opinions/view/opinion/How-to-Think-About-Jewish-Bankers-2352}}</ref> |
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*[[Ivan Boesky]], Wall Street financier and arbitrageur <ref>{{ cite book |
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|title=A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II |
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|first=Edward |
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|last=Shapiro |
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|page=117 |
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|year=1995 |
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|publisher=JHU Press |
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|isbn=0801851246 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Asher Edelman]], Wall Street corporate raider ("Wall Street" movie character)<ref>{{ cite book |
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|title=A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II |
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|first=Edward |
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|last=Shapiro |
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|page=117 |
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|year=1995 |
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|publisher=JHU Press |
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|isbn=0801851246 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Andrew Fastow]], [[Enron]] CFO<ref>{{cite book|page=243|title=Getting our groove back|first=Scott|last=Shay|publisher=Devora|year=2007}}</ref> |
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*[[Alan Greenspan]], Chairman and president of Townsend-Greenspan, economic consulting firm<ref>{{cite book |title= Encyclopedia of American Jewish history, Volume 1|first=Stephan|last=Harlan|year=2008|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page= 721}}</ref> |
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*[[Bernie Madoff]], Chairman of NASDAQ, Wall Street broker<ref>{{cite book |
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|title=Catastrophe: The Story of Bernard L. Madoff, the Man Who Swindled the World |
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|first=Deborah |
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|last=Strober |
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|page=37 |
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|publisher=Phoenix Books |
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|year=2009 |
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|isbn=1597776408 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Michael Milken]], Financier, Junk-bond specialist<ref>{{ cite book |
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|title=A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II |
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|first=Edward |
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|last=Shapiro |
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|page=117 |
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|year=1995 |
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|publisher=JHU Press |
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|isbn=0801851246 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Ronald Perelman]], American billionaire investor <ref> |
*[[Ronald Perelman]], American billionaire investor <ref> |
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{{cite web |
{{cite web |
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}} |
}} |
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</ref> |
</ref> |
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*[[Marc Rich]], Oil trading<ref>{{cite book|title=The King of Oil |first=Daniel |last=Amman|year=2009 |publisher=|page=32 }}</ref> |
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*[[Robert Rubin]], co-chairman [[Goldman Sachs]]<ref> |
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{{cite book |
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| first = Louis |
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|last=Maisel |
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|page=445 |
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| title = Jews in American politics |
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| publisher = Rowman & Littlefield |
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| ISBN = 0742501817 |
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|year=2001 |
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}} |
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</ref> |
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*[[George Soros]], Wall Street investor and foreign currency speculator<ref>{{ cite book |
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|title=A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II |
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|first=Edward |
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|last=Shapiro |
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|page=117 |
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|year=1995 |
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|publisher=JHU Press |
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|isbn=0801851246 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Michael Steinhardt]], Wall Street hedege fund manager<ref>{{ cite book |
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|title=A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II |
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|first=Edward |
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|last=Shapiro |
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|page=117 |
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|year=1995 |
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|publisher=JHU Press |
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|isbn=0801851246 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Bruce Wasserstein]], American investment banker and businessman, CEO of Lazard and controller of Wasserstein & Co.<ref>[http://www.populararticles.com/article24472.html Jewish], [http://www.forbes.com/finance/mktguideapps/personinfo/FromPersonIdPersonTearsheet.jhtml?passedPersonId=1105691 US Citizen]</ref> |
*[[Bruce Wasserstein]], American investment banker and businessman, CEO of Lazard and controller of Wasserstein & Co.<ref>[http://www.populararticles.com/article24472.html Jewish], [http://www.forbes.com/finance/mktguideapps/personinfo/FromPersonIdPersonTearsheet.jhtml?passedPersonId=1105691 US Citizen]</ref> |
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*[[Sandy Weill]], CEO of [[Citicorp]]<ref>{{ cite book |
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|title=Tearing Down the Walls |
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|page=16,24 |
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|isbn=0743247264 |
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|first=Monica |
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|last=Langley |
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|publisher=Simon and Shuster |
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|year=2004 |
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}}</ref> |
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== |
==Retail== |
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*[[Howard Schultz]], chairman and CEO of [[Starbucks]]<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9504E4D71530F931A35755C0A9659C8B63 Jewish American]</ref> |
*[[Howard Schultz]], chairman and CEO of [[Starbucks]]<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9504E4D71530F931A35755C0A9659C8B63 Jewish American]</ref> |
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*[[Calvin Klein (fashion designer)|Calvin Klein]], Founder and CEO of [[Calvin Klein]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Great Jewish men |first=Robert|last=Slater|year=1996|publisher=University of Michigan|page= 167}}</ref> |
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==Real Estate== |
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*[[Steve Wynn]], [[Las Vegas metropolitan area|Las Vegas]] casino owner<ref>{{cite book |title=The Columbia history of Jews and Judaism in America|first=Marc|last=Raphael|year=2008|publisher=Columbia|page=237}}</ref> |
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*[[Sam Zell]], Chicago real-estate magnate<ref>{{cite book |title=The Vulture Investors |first=Hilary |last=Rosenberg|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley|page=306}}</ref> |
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==Media and entertainment== |
==Media and entertainment== |
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*[[William S. Paley]], founder of [[CBS]]<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/439809/William-S-Paley American, Jewish]</ref> |
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====Multi-media executives==== |
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==Software and Internet== |
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*[[Herbert Allen, Jr.]], CEO of entertainment investment house [[Allen & Company]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Edgar Bronfman Jr.]], CEO of [[Seagram]], [[Viacom]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Barry Diller]], CEO of [[20th Century Fox]] and [[QVC]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Gerald Levin]], [[Time Warner]], CEO of [[HBO]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Michael Eisner]], CEO of [[Disney]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[David Geffen]], co-founder of [[Dreamworks]], CEO of [[Geffen Records]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Jeffrey Katzenberg]], co-founder of [[Dreamworks]], [[Disney]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Sumner Redstone]], chairman of [[CBS]] and [[Viacom]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Michael Ovitz]], president of [[Disney]], founder of [[CAA]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 388 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Isaac Perlmutter]], CEO of [[Marvel Entertainment]] <ref>{{cite book |title=The Vulture Investors |first=Hilary |last=Rosenberg|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley|page=351}}</ref> |
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*[[Steven Speilberg]], co-founder of [[Dreamworks]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 388 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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====Hollywood executives==== |
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*[[Harry Cohn]], founder of [[Columbia Pictures]]<ref name=aeoto> {{cite book |
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| title = [[An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood]]. |
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| first =Neal |
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|last = Gabler |
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| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]] |
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| year = [[1988]] |
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| pages = 151-163 |
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| isbn = 0385265573 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[William Fox (producer)|William Fox]], founder of [[Fox Film Corporation]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = [[An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood]]. |
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| first =Neal |
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|last = Gabler |
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| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]] |
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| year = [[1988]] |
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| pages = 64-72 |
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| isbn = 0385265573 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Carl Laemmle]], founder of [[Universal Pictures]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = [[An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood]]. |
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| first =Neal |
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|last = Gabler |
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| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]] |
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| year = [[1988]] |
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| pages = 47-64 |
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| isbn = 0385265573 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Louis B. Mayer]], founder of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] <ref> {{cite book |
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| title = [[An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood]]. |
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| first =Neal |
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|last = Gabler |
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| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]] |
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| year = [[1988]] |
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| pages = 79-94 |
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| isbn = 0385265573 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Sidney Sheinberg]], executive of [[MCA]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 285 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Sam Warner]], co-founder of [[Warner Bros.|Warner Brothers Studios]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = [[An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood]]. |
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| first =Neal |
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|last = Gabler |
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| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]] |
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| year = [[1988]] |
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| pages = 123-129 |
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| isbn = isbn=0385265573 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Lew Wasserman]], founder of [[MCA]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 285 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Harvey Weinstein]], Co-founder of [[Miramax]]<ref>{{cite book|title=The Mad Passion of Harvey and Bob, The New York Magazine|first=Lynn|last=Hirschberg|year=Oct 10, 1994 |page=48}}</ref> |
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*[[Bob Weinstein]], Co-founder of [[Miramax]]<ref>{{cite book|title=The Mad Passion of Harvey and Bob, The New York Magazine|first=Lynn|last=Hirschberg|year=Oct 10, 1994 |page=48}}</ref> |
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*[[Adolph Zukor]], founder of [[Paramount Pictures]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = [[An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood]]. |
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| first =Neal |
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|last = Gabler |
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| publisher = [[Crown Publishing Group|Crown]] |
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| year = [[1988]] |
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| pages = 11-46 |
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| isbn = 0385265573 |
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}}</ref> |
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====Television executives==== |
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*[[Leonard Goldenson]], president of [[ABC]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
|||
| publisher = Addison Wesley |
|||
| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 286 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Les Moonves]], CBS President<ref>Rebecca Spence, "Synagoge of the Hollywood stars starts fundraising", August 10, 2008. Haaretz</ref> |
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*[[William S. Paley]], CEO of [[CBS]]<ref name=jp> {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 286 |
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| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[David Sarnoff]], founder of [[NBC]], general manager of [[RCA]]<ref> {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 286 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Laurence Tisch]], CEO of [[CBS]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 297 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Jeff Zucker]], NBC President<ref>{{cite book|title=Stars of David|first=Abigail|last=Pogrebin|page=366||year=2007|publisher=Random House}}</ref> |
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====Newspaper executives==== |
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*[[Adolph Ochs]], [[New York Times]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
|||
| publisher = Addison Wesley |
|||
| year = 1996 |
|||
| pages = 301 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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*[[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]], [[New York Times]]<ref > {{cite book |
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| title = Jewish Power |
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| first =J. J. |
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|last = Goldberg |
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|authorlink=Jonah Goldberg |
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| publisher = Addison Wesley |
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| year = 1996 |
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| pages = 301 |
|||
| isbn =0201327988 |
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}}</ref> |
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====Pornography==== |
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*[[Adam Glasser]], founder of Seymore Inc, produer of [[Seymore Butts]] videos<ref>{{cite journal |
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|last=Abrams |
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|first=Nathan |
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|title=Triple-Exthnics |
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|journal=Jewish Quarterly |
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|volume=196 |
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|date=Winter 2004 |
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|publisher=Jewish Literary Trust |
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|pages=27-30}}</ref> |
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*[[Al Goldstein]], publisher of [[Screw_magazine|Screw]]<ref>{{cite journal |
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|last=Abrams |
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|first=Nathan |
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|title=Triple-Exthnics |
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|journal=Jewish Quarterly |
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|volume=196 |
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|date=Winter 2004 |
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|publisher=Jewish Literary Trust |
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|pages=27-30}}</ref> |
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*[[Steven Hirsch]], founder and co-chairman of [[ Vivid Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite journal |
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|last=Abrams |
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|first=Nathan |
|||
|title=Triple-Exthnics |
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|journal=Jewish Quarterly |
|||
|volume=196 |
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|date=Winter 2004 |
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|publisher=Jewish Literary Trust |
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|pages=27-30}}</ref> |
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*[[Reuben Sturman]], largest adult magazine distributor in United States<ref>{{cite journal |
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|last=Abrams |
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|first=Nathan |
|||
|title=Triple-Exthnics |
|||
|journal=Jewish Quarterly |
|||
|volume=196 |
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|date=Winter 2004 |
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|publisher=Jewish Literary Trust |
|||
|pages=27-30}}</ref> |
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==Technology== |
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*[[Steve Ballmer]], CEO of [[Microsoft]]<ref>[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Ballmer.html Jewish mother] </ref> |
*[[Steve Ballmer]], CEO of [[Microsoft]]<ref>[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Ballmer.html Jewish mother] </ref> |
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*[[Sergey Brin]], co-founder of [[Google]]<ref>[http://bnaibrith.org/pubs/bnaibrith/spring2006bbm/searchmeisters2.cfm Jewish], [http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/10/D664.html US Citizen]</ref> |
*[[Sergey Brin]], co-founder of [[Google]]<ref>[http://bnaibrith.org/pubs/bnaibrith/spring2006bbm/searchmeisters2.cfm Jewish], [http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/10/D664.html US Citizen]</ref> |
Revision as of 04:31, 10 February 2010
This is a list of Jewish American Businesspeople. For other Jewish Americans, see List of Jewish Americans.
Finance & Trading
- Lloyd C. Blankfein, Chairman and CEO of Goldman Sachs[1]
- Ivan Boesky, Wall Street financier and arbitrageur [2]
- Asher Edelman, Wall Street corporate raider ("Wall Street" movie character)[3]
- Andrew Fastow, Enron CFO[4]
- Alan Greenspan, Chairman and president of Townsend-Greenspan, economic consulting firm[5]
- Bernie Madoff, Chairman of NASDAQ, Wall Street broker[6]
- Michael Milken, Financier, Junk-bond specialist[7]
- Ronald Perelman, American billionaire investor [8]
- Marc Rich, Oil trading[9]
- Robert Rubin, co-chairman Goldman Sachs[10]
- George Soros, Wall Street investor and foreign currency speculator[11]
- Michael Steinhardt, Wall Street hedege fund manager[12]
- Bruce Wasserstein, American investment banker and businessman, CEO of Lazard and controller of Wasserstein & Co.[13]
- Sandy Weill, CEO of Citicorp[14]
Retail
- Howard Schultz, chairman and CEO of Starbucks[15]
- Calvin Klein, Founder and CEO of Calvin Klein[16]
Real Estate
- Steve Wynn, Las Vegas casino owner[17]
- Sam Zell, Chicago real-estate magnate[18]
Media and entertainment
Multi-media executives
- Herbert Allen, Jr., CEO of entertainment investment house Allen & Company[19]
- Edgar Bronfman Jr., CEO of Seagram, Viacom[20]
- Barry Diller, CEO of 20th Century Fox and QVC[21]
- Gerald Levin, Time Warner, CEO of HBO[22]
- Michael Eisner, CEO of Disney[23]
- David Geffen, co-founder of Dreamworks, CEO of Geffen Records[24]
- Jeffrey Katzenberg, co-founder of Dreamworks, Disney[25]
- Sumner Redstone, chairman of CBS and Viacom[26]
- Michael Ovitz, president of Disney, founder of CAA[27]
- Isaac Perlmutter, CEO of Marvel Entertainment [28]
- Steven Speilberg, co-founder of Dreamworks[29]
Hollywood executives
- Harry Cohn, founder of Columbia Pictures[30]
- William Fox, founder of Fox Film Corporation[31]
- Carl Laemmle, founder of Universal Pictures[32]
- Louis B. Mayer, founder of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer [33]
- Sidney Sheinberg, executive of MCA[34]
- Sam Warner, co-founder of Warner Brothers Studios[35]
- Lew Wasserman, founder of MCA[36]
- Harvey Weinstein, Co-founder of Miramax[37]
- Bob Weinstein, Co-founder of Miramax[38]
- Adolph Zukor, founder of Paramount Pictures[39]
Television executives
- Leonard Goldenson, president of ABC[40]
- Les Moonves, CBS President[41]
- William S. Paley, CEO of CBS[42]
- David Sarnoff, founder of NBC, general manager of RCA[43]
- Laurence Tisch, CEO of CBS[44]
- Jeff Zucker, NBC President[45]
Newspaper executives
Pornography
- Adam Glasser, founder of Seymore Inc, produer of Seymore Butts videos[48]
- Al Goldstein, publisher of Screw[49]
- Steven Hirsch, founder and co-chairman of Vivid Entertainment[50]
- Reuben Sturman, largest adult magazine distributor in United States[51]
Technology
- Steve Ballmer, CEO of Microsoft[52]
- Sergey Brin, co-founder of Google[53]
- Lawrence Ellison, founder of Oracle Corporation[54]
- Philippe Kahn, Creator of the Camera Phone, founder of Fullpower, Borland[55]
- Larry Page, co-founder of Google[56]
- Michael Dell, founder of Dell
References
- ^ "The Atlantic Wire (Atlantic Monthly online)". Jan 29, 2010.
- ^ Shapiro, Edward (1995). A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II. JHU Press. p. 117. ISBN 0801851246.
- ^ Shapiro, Edward (1995). A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II. JHU Press. p. 117. ISBN 0801851246.
- ^ Shay, Scott (2007). Getting our groove back. Devora. p. 243.
- ^ Harlan, Stephan (2008). Encyclopedia of American Jewish history, Volume 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 721.
- ^ Strober, Deborah (2009). Catastrophe: The Story of Bernard L. Madoff, the Man Who Swindled the World. Phoenix Books. p. 37. ISBN 1597776408.
- ^ Shapiro, Edward (1995). A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II. JHU Press. p. 117. ISBN 0801851246.
- ^ Abigail Pogrebin. "Stars of David (book): Prominent Jews Talk About Being Jewish". Random House / Broadway. ISBN 0767916123.
- ^ Amman, Daniel (2009). The King of Oil. p. 32.
- ^ Maisel, Louis (2001). Jews in American politics. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 445. ISBN 0742501817.
- ^ Shapiro, Edward (1995). A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II. JHU Press. p. 117. ISBN 0801851246.
- ^ Shapiro, Edward (1995). A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II. JHU Press. p. 117. ISBN 0801851246.
- ^ Jewish, US Citizen
- ^ Langley, Monica (2004). Tearing Down the Walls. Simon and Shuster. p. 16,24. ISBN 0743247264.
- ^ Jewish American
- ^ Slater, Robert (1996). Great Jewish men. University of Michigan. p. 167.
- ^ Raphael, Marc (2008). The Columbia history of Jews and Judaism in America. Columbia. p. 237.
- ^ Rosenberg, Hilary (2000). The Vulture Investors. John Wiley. p. 306.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Rosenberg, Hilary (2000). The Vulture Investors. John Wiley. p. 351.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 388. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Gabler, Neal (1988). An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. Crown. pp. 151–163. ISBN 0385265573.
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(help) - ^ Gabler, Neal (1988). An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. Crown. pp. 64–72. ISBN 0385265573.
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(help) - ^ Gabler, Neal (1988). An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. Crown. pp. 47–64. ISBN 0385265573.
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(help) - ^ Gabler, Neal (1988). An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. Crown. pp. 79–94. ISBN 0385265573.
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(help) - ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 285. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Gabler, Neal (1988). An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. Crown. pp. 123–129. ISBN isbn=0385265573.
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(help) - ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 285. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Hirschberg, Lynn (Oct 10, 1994). The Mad Passion of Harvey and Bob, The New York Magazine. p. 48.
- ^ Hirschberg, Lynn (Oct 10, 1994). The Mad Passion of Harvey and Bob, The New York Magazine. p. 48.
- ^ Gabler, Neal (1988). An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood. Crown. pp. 11–46. ISBN 0385265573.
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(help) - ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 286. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Rebecca Spence, "Synagoge of the Hollywood stars starts fundraising", August 10, 2008. Haaretz
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 286. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 286. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 297. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Pogrebin, Abigail (2007). Stars of David. Random House. p. 366.
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(help) - ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 301. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (1996). Jewish Power. Addison Wesley. p. 301. ISBN 0201327988.
- ^ Abrams, Nathan (Winter 2004). "Triple-Exthnics". Jewish Quarterly. 196. Jewish Literary Trust: 27–30.
- ^ Abrams, Nathan (Winter 2004). "Triple-Exthnics". Jewish Quarterly. 196. Jewish Literary Trust: 27–30.
- ^ Abrams, Nathan (Winter 2004). "Triple-Exthnics". Jewish Quarterly. 196. Jewish Literary Trust: 27–30.
- ^ Abrams, Nathan (Winter 2004). "Triple-Exthnics". Jewish Quarterly. 196. Jewish Literary Trust: 27–30.
- ^ Jewish mother
- ^ Jewish, US Citizen
- ^ Jewish mother, Jewish adoptive parents, US Citizen
- ^ Self-identifies as Jewish
- ^ Jewish mother, US Citizen