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{{Infobox Person |
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| name = Lisa del Giocondo |
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| image = Leonardo da Vinci 043-mod.jpg |
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| image_size=200px |
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| caption = Detail of ''[[Mona Lisa]]'' (1503–06) by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], [[Louvre]] |
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| birth_date = [[June 15]] [[1479]] |
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| birth_place = [[Florence]], [[Italy]] |
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| death_date = [[July 15]] [[1542]], c.1551 <br/>(aged 63 or 72) |
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| death_place = [[Florence]], [[Italy]] |
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| nationality = [[Italians|Italian]] |
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| spouse = Francesco del Giocondo |
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| children = Piero, Camilla, Andrea, Giocondo and Marietta |
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| known_for = Subject of ''[[Mona Lisa]]'' |
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}} |
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'''Lisa del Giocondo''' ([[June 15]] [[1479]] – [[July 15]] [[1542]], or c. 1551), born and also known as '''Lisa Gherardini''' and '''Lisa di Antonio Maria (Antonmaria) Gherardini''', also known as '''Lisa''', '''Lisa del Gioconda''' and '''Mona Lisa''', was a member of the Gherardini family of [[Florence]] and [[Tuscany]] in [[Italy]]. Her name was given to ''[[Mona Lisa]]'', her [[portrait painting|portrait]] commissioned by her husband and painted by [[Leonardo da Vinci]] during the [[Italian Renaissance]]. |
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Little is known about Lisa's life. Born in Florence and married as a teenager to a cloth and silk merchant who later became a local official, she was mother to five children and led what is thought to have been a comfortable and ordinary middle-class life. Lisa outlived her husband, who was considerably her senior. |
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For all non-italian speakers. It means FUCK OFF! |
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Centuries after Lisa's death, ''Mona Lisa'' became the world's most famous painting<ref>{{cite news|author=Riding, Alan|title=In Louvre, New Room With View of 'Mona Lisa'|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/06/arts/design/06lisa.html|work=The New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|date=[[April 6]] [[2005]]|accessdate=2007-10-07}}</ref> and took on a life separate from Lisa, the woman. Speculation by scholars and hobbyists made the work of art a globally-recognized [[icon]] and an object of commercialization. During the early 21st century, a discovery made at the Heidelberg University Library was powerful enough evidence to end speculation about the sitter's identity and definitively identified Lisa del Giocondo as the subject of the Mona Lisa. |
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==Early life and family== |
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[[Image:Leonardo design attributed.jpg|thumb|left|Another view of Lisa in a cartoon for ''Mona Lisa'' attributed to Leonardo]] |
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At the time of the [[Quattrocento]], Florence was among the largest cities in Europe, considered rich and a successful economy. Life was "not idyllic" for all residents though, among whom there were great disparities in wealth.<ref>Pallanti 2006, pp. 17, 23, 24</ref> Lisa's family was comfortable but not wealthy, and lived on farm income. |
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Antonmaria di Noldo Gherardini, Lisa's father, lost two wives, Lisa di Giovanni Filippo de Carducci, whom he married in 1465, and Caterina Rucellai, whom he married in 1473. Both died in childbirth.<ref name=Pallanti-37>Pallanti 2006, p. 37</ref> Lisa's mother was Lucrezia del Caccia, daughter of Piera Spinelli and Gherardini's wife by his third marriage in 1476.<ref name=Pallanti-37 /> Gherardini at one time owned or rented six farms in [[Chianti]] that produced wheat, wine and olive oil and where livestock was raised.<ref>Pallanti 2006, pp. 41-44</ref> |
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Lisa was born in Florence on [[June 15]], [[1479]] on Via Maggio,<ref>Pallanti 2006, p.37</ref> although for many years it was thought she was born on one of the family's rural properties, Villa Vignamaggio just outside Greve.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=Villa Vignamaggio|title=History of Vignamaggio|url=http://www.vignamaggio.it/english/history.html|accessdate=2008-04-05}}</ref> She is named for Lisa, a wife of her paternal grandfather.<ref>Pallanti 2006, p. 40</ref> The eldest of seven children, Lisa had three sisters, one named Ginevra, and three brothers, Giovangualberto, Francesco and Noldo.<ref>Pallanti 2006, p. 44</ref> |
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The family lived in Florence, originally near [[Santa Trinita]] and later in rented space near [[Santo Spirito, Florence|Santo Spirito]], most likely because they could not afford repairs to their former house when it was damaged. Lisa's family moved to what today is Via dei Pepi and then near Santa Croce, where they lived near Ser Piero da Vinci, Leonardo's father.<ref name=Pallanti-45-46 >Pallanti 2006, pp. 45-46</ref> They also owned a small country home in St. Donato in the village of Poggio about {{convert|32|km|mi|0}} south of the city.<ref name=Z4>Zöllner 1993, p. 4</ref> Noldo, Gherardini's father and Lisa's grandfather, had bequeathed a farm in Chianti to the [[Santa Maria Nuova (commune)|Santa Maria Nuova]] hospital. Gherardini secured a lease for another of the hospital's farms, and so that he could oversee the wheat harvest, the family spent summers there at the house named Ca' di Pesa.<ref>Pallanti 2006, pp.41-44</ref> |
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==Marriage and later life== |
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On [[March 5]], [[1495]], Lisa married Francesco di Bartolomeo di Zanobi del Giocondo, a modestly successful [[textile|cloth]] and [[silk]] merchant, becoming his third wife at age 15. Both of Francesco's first two wives, Camilla di Mariotto Rucellai whom he married in 1491 and Tommasa di Mariotto Villani whom he married in 1493, may have died in childbirth. Lisa's dowry was 170 [[Italian coin florin|florins]] and the San Silvestro farm near her family's country home, a sign that the Gherardini family was not wealthy at the time and reason to think she and her husband loved each other. The property lies between Castellina and San Donato in Poggio, near two farms later owned by [[Michelangelo]].<ref name=Pallanti-45-46 /> Neither poor nor among the most well-to-do in Florence, the couple lived a middle-class life. Lisa's marriage may have increased her [[social status]] because her husband's family may have been richer than her own.<ref name=Z5>Zöllner 1993, p. 5</ref> Francesco is thought to have benefited because Gherardini is an "old name".<ref name=Kemp /> |
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[[Image:Del Giocondo-Gherardini-Firenze-map.jpg|thumb|Central Florence. Francesco and Lisa lived on Via della Stufa (red), about {{convert|1|km|mi|1}} north of the [[Arno River]]. Lisa's parents lived closer to the river, at first north and later south (purple).]] |
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Lisa and Francesco had five children: Piero, Camilla, Andrea, Giocondo and Marietta, four of them between 1496 and 1507.<ref name=Johnston>{{cite news|author=Johnston, Bruce|title= Riddle of Mona Lisa is finally solved: she was the mother of five|work=Telegraph.co.uk|publisher=Telegraph Media Group|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/08/01/wmona01.xml&sSheet=/news/2004/08/01/ixworld.html|date=[[January 1]] [[2004]]|accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref> One of their daughters died in 1499 and was buried in the [[Basilica of Santa Maria Novella|Basilica di Santa Maria Novella]].<ref name=M154>Müntz 1898, p. 154</ref> Lisa's stepmother, Caterina di Mariotto Rucellai, and Francesco's first wife, both members of the prominent Rucellai family, were sisters. Lisa and her new family lived in shared accommodation until [[March 5]], [[1503]], when Francesco was able to buy a house next door to his family's old home in the Via della Stufa. Leonardo is thought to have begun painting Lisa's portrait the same year.<ref>{{cite web|title=Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo|url=http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/detail_notice.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226503&CURRENT_LLV_NOTICE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226503&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500816&bmUID=1155229237450&bmLocale=en|publisher=Musée du Louvre|accessdate=2007-10-04}}</ref><ref name=Z9>Zöllner 1993, p. 9</ref> |
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Francesco became an official in Florence. He was elected to the ''[[Signoria of Florence|Dodici Buonomini]]'' in 1499 and to the [[Signoria of Florence|Signoria]] in 1512, where he was confirmed as a ''Priori'' in 1524. He may have had ties to [[Medici]] family political or business interests. In 1512 when the government of Florence feared the return of the Medici from exile, Francesco was imprisoned and fined 1,000 florins. He was released in September when the Medici returned.<ref name=Masters>{{cite book|author=Masters, Roger D.|title=Fortune is a River: Leonardo da Vinci and Niccolò Machiavelli's Magnificant Dream of Changing the Course of Florentine History (online notes for Chapter 6)|publisher=Free Press via Dartmouth College (dartmouth.edu)|date=[[June 15]] [[1998]]|url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rmasters/fourtune/notes/06.html|isbn=0-6848-4452-4}}</ref><ref name=M154 /> |
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In one account, Francesco died in the plague of 1528. Lisa fell ill and was taken by her daughter Marietta, a [[nun]], to the convent of Sant'Orsola, where she died about four years later at the age of 63.<ref>{{cite news|author=Lorenzi, Rossella|title=Mona Lisa Grave Found, Claims Scholar|url=http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2007/01/19/monalisa_his.html?category=history&guid=20070119134500|work=Discovery Channel News|publisher=|Discovery Communications|date=[[January 19]] [[2007]]|accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref><ref name=Lorenzi>{{cite news|author=Lorenzi, Rossella|title=Mona Lisa's Identity Revealed?|work=Discovery Channel News|publisher=Discovery Communications|url=http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2007/05/02/monalisa_arc.html?category=archaeology&guid=20070502143030|date=[[May 2]] [[2007]]|accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref> In a scholarly account of their lives, Francesco lived to be 80 years old. He died in 1539, and Lisa may have lived until at least 1551, when she would have been 71 or 72.<ref name=Z4 /> |
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In June 1537 in his will among many provisions, Francesco returned to her Lisa's dowry, gave her her personal clothing and jewelry and provided for her future. Upon entrusting her care to their daughter Ludovica and, should she be incapable, his son Bartolomeo, Francesco wrote, "Given the affection and love of the testator towards Mona Lisa, his beloved wife; in consideration of the fact that Lisa has always acted with a noble spirit and as a faithful wife; wishing that she shall have all she needs...." <ref>Pallanti 2006, p. 105</ref> |
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==''Mona Lisa''== |
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{{main|Mona Lisa}} |
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[[Image:Leonardo da Vinci 042-mod.jpg|thumb|left|''[[English language|English]]'': ''[[Mona Lisa]]'', ''[[Italian language|Italian]]'': ''La Gioconda'', ''[[French language|French]]'': ''La Joconde'' by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], [[Louvre]]]] |
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Like other Florentines of their financial means, Francesco's family were art lovers and patrons. His son Bartolommeo asked Antonio di Donnino Mazzieri to paint a fresco at the family's burial site in the [[Santissima Annunziata, Florence|Basilica della Santissima Annunziata di Firenze]]. [[Andrea del Sarto]] painted a [[Madonna (art)|Madonna]] for another member of his family.<ref name=M154 /> Francesco gave commissions to Leonardo for a portrait of his wife and to [[Domenico Puligo]] for a painting of [[Francis of Assisi|Saint Francis of Assisi]]. He is thought to have commissioned Lisa's portrait to celebrate both Andrea's birth and the purchase of the family's home.<ref name=Z9 /> |
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''Mona Lisa'' fulfilled 15th- and early 16th-century requirements for portraying a woman of virtue. Lisa is portrayed as a faithful wife through gesture—her right hand rests over her left. Leonardo also presented Lisa as fashionable and successful, perhaps more well-off than she was. Her dark garments and black veil were Spanish-influenced high fashion; they are not a depiction of mourning for her first daughter, as some scholars have proposed. The portrait is strikingly large; its size is equal to that of commissions acquired by wealthier art patrons of the time. This extravagance has been explained as a sign of Francesco and Lisa's social aspiration.<ref name=Z12>Zöllner 1993, p. 12</ref> |
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[[Image:Mona_Lisa_stolen-1911.jpg|thumb|The theft of the ''Mona Lisa'' from the Louvre in 1911 and its travels to Asia and North America during the 1960s and 1970s contributed to the painting's [[icon|iconization]] and fame.<ref>Sassoon 2001, p. 14–16</ref>]] |
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Leonardo had no income during the spring of 1503, which may in part explain his interest in a private portrait.<ref name=Z7>Zöllner 1993, p. 7</ref><ref name=Masters /> But later that year, he most likely had to delay his work on ''Mona Lisa'' when he received payment for starting the ''[[The Battle of Anghiari (painting)|The Battle of Anghiari]]'', which was a more valuable commission and one he was contracted to complete by February 1505.<ref name=M136>Müntz 1898, p. 136</ref> In 1506 Leonardo considered the portrait unfinished.<ref name=Clark /> He was not paid for the work and did not deliver it to his client.<ref name=Z6>Zöllner 1993, p. 6</ref> The artist's paintings traveled with him throughout his life, and he may have completed ''Mona Lisa'' many years later in France,<ref name=Kemp /> in one estimation by 1516.<ref>{{cite web|author=|title=Mona Lisa 1503-16|url=http://www.universalleonardo.org/work.php?id=197|date=|publisher=University of the Arts, London|accessdate=2007-10-24}}</ref> |
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The painting's title dates to 1550. An acquaintance of at least some of Francesco's family,<ref name=Z4 /> [[Giorgio Vasari]] wrote, "Leonardo undertook to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife"<ref name=Clark>{{cite journal|author=Clark, Kenneth, quoting a translation of Vasari|title=Mona Lisa|journal=The Burlington Magazine|publisher=The Burlington Magazine Publications via JSTOR|volume=115|issue=840|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0007-6287(197303)115%3A840%3C144%3AML%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z|date=March 1973|pages=144|issn=00076287|accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref> ({{Lang-it|Prese Lionardo a fare per Francesco del Giocondo il ritratto di mona Lisa sua moglie}}).<ref>{{cite book|author=Vasari, Giorgio|others=Gaetano Milanesi|title=Le vite de' più eccellenti pittori, scultori ed architettori|volume=IV|pages=39|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=EroFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA39|location=Firenze|publisher=G.C. Sansoni|origyear=1550, rev. ed. 1568|date=1879|accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref> The portrait's Italian (''La Gioconda'') and French (''La Joconde'') titles are Lisa's married name as well as nickname<ref name=Kemp>{{cite book|author=Kemp, Martin|title=Leonardo Da Vinci: The Marvellous Works of Nature And Man|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=1-t_dJh-_mUC&pg=PA261|pages=261–262|publisher=Oxford University Press via Google Books limited preview|isbn=0-1928-0725-0|date=2006|accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref>—in English, "jocund" or "the happy one". |
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Speculation assigned Lisa's name to at least four different paintings<ref>{{cite journal|author=Stites, Raymond S.|title=Mona Lisa--Monna Bella|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1543-6314(193601)8%3A1%3C7%3AMLB%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5|journal=Parnassus|volume=8|issue=1|pages=7-10+22-23|publisher=College Art Association via JSTOR|date=January 1936|doi=10.2307/771197|accessdate=2007-10-06}} and {{cite book|Littlefield, Walter|title=The Two "Mona Lisas"|publisher=The Century: A Popular Quarterly by Making of America Project via Google Books scan from University of Michigan copy|date=1914|pages=525|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ux0MAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA525&vq=mona+lisa#PPA528,M1|accessdate=2007-10-09}} and {{cite book|author=Wilson, Colin|title=The Mammoth Encyclopedia of the Unsolved|publisher=Carroll & Graf via Google Books limited preview|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Mf7ujOGDzZ8C&pg=PA364|date=2000|pages=364–366|isbn=0-7867-0793-3}}</ref> and her identity to at least ten different people.<ref>{{cite news|author=Debelle, Penelope|title=Behind that secret smile|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/06/24/1088046208817.html|work=The Age|publisher=The Age Company|date=[[2004-06-25]]|accessdate=2007-10-06}} and {{cite news|author=Johnston, Bruce|title= Riddle of Mona Lisa is finally solved: she was the mother of five|work=Telegraph.co.uk|publisher=Telegraph Media Group|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/08/01/wmona01.xml&sSheet=/news/2004/08/01/ixworld.html|date=[[2004-01-08]]|accessdate=2007-10-06}} and {{cite news|author=Nicholl, Charles (review of Mona Lisa: The History of the World's Most Famous Painting by Donald Sassoon)|title=The myth of the Mona Lisa|work=Guardian Unlimited|publisher=London Review of Books via Guardian News and Media|url=http://books.guardian.co.uk/lrb/articles/0,6109,675653,00.html|date=[[2002-03-28]]|accessdate=2007-10-06}} and {{cite news|author=Chaundy, Bob|title=Faces of the Week|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/5392000.stm|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=[[2006-09-29]]|accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref> By the end of the 20th century, the painting was a global [[icon]] that had been used in more than 300 other paintings and in 2,000 advertisements that appeared at the rate of a new advertisement each week.<ref>Sassoon 2001, Abstract and p. 16</ref> In 2005, an expert at the [[Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg|University Library of Heidelberg]] discovered a margin note in the library's collection that established with certainty the traditional view that the sitter was Lisa.<ref name=subject>{{cite web|title=Mona Lisa – Heidelberger Fund klärt Identität (English: Mona Lisa – Heidelberger find clarifies identity)|language= German|url=http://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/news/monalisa.html|publisher=University Library Heidelberg|accessdate=2008-01-15}}</ref> |
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[[Francis I of France|Francis I]] purchased the ''Mona Lisa'' for 4,000 gold crowns to add it to the art collection at [[Château de Fontainebleau]],<ref name=M158>Müntz 1898, p. 158</ref> most likely through the heirs<ref name=Kemp /> of Leonardo's assistant Salai. The people of France have owned it since the [[French Revolution]].<ref>Sassoon 2001, p. 8</ref> Today about 6 million people visit ''Mona Lisa'' each year at the [[Louvre]] in [[Paris]], where it is part of a French national collection.<ref>{{cite news|author=Chaundy, Bob|title=Faces of the Week|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/5392000.stm|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=[[2006-09-29]]|accessdate=2007-10-05}} and {{cite news|author=Canetti, Claudine|title=The world's most famous painting has the Louvre all aflutter|work=Actualité en France via French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (diplomatie.gouv.fr)|url=http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/france_159/discovering-france_2005/france-from-to-z_1978/culture_1979/museums_4412/the-world-most-famous-painting-has-the-louvre-all-aflutter_6824.html|date=undated|accessdate=2007-10-08}}</ref> |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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==Sources== |
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*{{cite journal|author=Zöllner, Frank|title=Leonardo's Portrait of Mona Lisa del Giocondo |url=http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/artdok/volltexte/2006/157/pdf/Zoellner_GBA_93.pdf|format=PDF|date=1993|journal=Gazette des Beaux-Arts|publisher=Gazette des Beaux-Arts via Virtual Library for Art History (arthistoricum.net) ART-Dok, via University Library of Heidelberg|issn=0016-5530|volume=121|issue=S.|pages=print 115–138|accessdate=2007-10-09}} |
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*{{cite book|author=Müntz, Eugène|title=Leonardo Da Vinci, Artist, Thinker and Man of Science|date=1898|volume=2|pages=153–172|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=_-QEAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage#PPA153,M1|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons, via Google Books scan of Harvard University copy|location=New York|language=English|accessdate=2007-10-14}} |
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*{{cite book|author=Pallanti, Giuseppe|title=Mona Lisa Revealed: The True Identity of Leonardo's Model|date=[[May 2]], [[2006]]|pubisher=Skira|language=English|isbn=8-8762465-9-2}} |
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*{{cite journal|author=Sassoon, Donald |title=Mona Lisa: the Best-Known Girl in the Whole Wide World|journal=[[History Workshop Journal]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|date=2001|volume=2001|issue=51|issn=1477-4569|pages=Abstract|url=http://hwj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/2001/51/1|accessdate=2007-10-09}} |
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==Further reading== |
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{{Portal|Biography}} |
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{{Portal|Visual arts}} |
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*{{cite journal|author=Zöllner, Frank|title=Leonardo's Portrait of Mona Lisa del Giocondo |url=http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/artdok/volltexte/2006/157/pdf/Zoellner_GBA_93.pdf|format=PDF|date=1993|journal=Gazette des Beaux-Arts|publisher=Gazette des Beaux-Arts via Virtual Library for Art History (arthistoricum.net) ART-Dok, via University Library of Heidelberg|issn=0016-5530|volume=121|issue=S.|pages=print 115–138|accessdate=2007-10-09}} |
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*{{cite web|title=Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo|url=http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/detail_notice.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226503&CURRENT_LLV_NOTICE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226503&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500816&bmUID=1155229237450&bmLocale=en|publisher=Musée du Louvre|accessdate=2007-10-04}} |
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*{{cite book|author=Müntz, Eugène|title=Leonardo Da Vinci, Artist, Thinker and Man of Science|date=1898|volume=2|pages=153–172|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=_-QEAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage#PPA153,M1|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons, via Google Books scan of Harvard University copy|location=New York|language=English|accessdate=2007-10-14}} |
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*{{cite book|author=Pallanti, Giuseppe|title=Mona Lisa Revealed: The True Identity of Leonardo's Model|date=[[May 2]], [[2006]]|pubisher=Skira|language=English|isbn=8-8762465-9-2}} |
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*{{cite journal|author=Sassoon, Donald |title=Mona Lisa: the Best-Known Girl in the Whole Wide World|journal=[[History Workshop Journal]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|date=2001|volume=2001|issue=51|issn=1477-4569|pages=|url=http://hwj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/2001/51/1|accessdate=2007-10-09}} |
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{{Persondata |PLEASE SEE [[WP:PDATA]]! |
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|NAME = Lisa del Giocondo |
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|ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Lisa Gherardini |
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|SHORT DESCRIPTION = Subject of the ''[[Mona Lisa]]' |
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|DATE OF BIRTH = [[June 15]] [[1479]] |
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|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Province of Florence]], [[Italy]], possibly [[Florence]] |
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|DATE OF DEATH = [[July 15]] [[1542]], or c. 1551 |
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|PLACE OF DEATH = [[Florence]], [[Italy]] |
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}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Gherardini, Lisa}} |
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[[Category:1479 births]] |
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[[Category:16th century deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Florence]] |
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[[Category:Artists' models]] |
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[[de:Lisa del Giocondo]] |
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[[nl:Lisa Gherardini]] |
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[[fi:Lisa Gherardini]] |
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{{featured article}} |
Revision as of 01:29, 13 April 2008
vaffanculo!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
For all non-italian speakers. It means FUCK OFF!