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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}} |
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{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}} |
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}} |
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{{Infobox ethnic group |
{{Infobox ethnic group |
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|native_name = |
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|region1 = {{flag|India}} |
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| total = 60,00,000 |
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| total_year = 2011 |
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| total_source = Census of India 2011 |
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| regions = {{flag|India}} |
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| languages = [[Kamrupi language|Kamrupi]] |
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|languages = [[Kamrupi language|Kamrupi]] dialect of [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |
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The '''Kamrupi people''' are an ethno-linguistic group that speak the [[Kamrupi language|Kamrupi]], found in the [[Kamrup region]] of [[Assam]], [[India]].<ref name=Upendranath_Goswami_1970_p.13-14>{{Cite book|last=Goswami|first=Upendranath|title=A Study on Kāmrūpī: A Dialect of Assamese|publisher=Department of Historical Antiquarian Studies, Assam|year=1970|isbn=|location=|pages=13-14|quote=Moreover the factors for the integration of different dialects namely war, annual fair, great religious festivals etc., where people of different and adjacent places can mix together and get the chief roughness of different dialects smoothed down, were found lacking between eastern and western Assam. The important festival in eastern Assam called the Bihu festival is not observed in the same manner in western Assam. The Kamrupi word for the festival at the same period is 'dahmi'. The custom of intermarriage between eastern Assam and Kamrup was also not in vogue. Even now-a-days the number of such marriages is not great. In other cultural items also Kamrup and eastern Assam differ considerably. In Kamrup we find 'bhathli', a kind of bamboo worship held in the middle of April. Another interesting custom in Kamrup is the custom of driving mosquitoes in winter in the form of group singing which is known as 'mahoho'. The choral songs, known as 'ojapali, connected with the story of the goddess Manasa, is also confined in western Assam. Manasa even to-day "is a living and powerful cult in Assam and she is worshipped with much adoration and ceremony, particularly in the districts of Kamrup, Goalpara and Darrang". In eastern Assam no parallel is found to these festivals and worship. Thus politically, socially and culturally Kamrup formed a separate unit and its speech also was compelled to take a shape to form a distinct dialect. It is only by chance that this dialect had to lose its prestige and had to remain as a dialect.}}</ref> |
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The '''Kamrupi people''' are an linguistic group that speak the [[Kamrupi dialect]]s of [[Assamese language|Assamese]] and are found in the [[Kamrup region|colonial Kamrup district region]] of [[Assam]], [[India]].{{cn|date=May 2019}} |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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==Festivals== |
==Festivals== |
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[[ |
[[Domahi]] (Damhi), Manasha Puja, Basanti Puja, [[Durga Puja]], [[Kali Puja]], [[Diwali]], [[Holi]], [[Janmastami]], [[Shivratri]] to name a few, are major festivals of the region.<ref name=Upendranath_Goswami_1970_p.13-14 /> Muslims celebrate [[Eid ul-Fitr|Eid]]. |
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The common popular term to designate the three festivals corresponding to Bihu of Eastern Assam, in Western Assam, except in West Goalpara, is "Domahi", e.g., "Baihagar Domahi", "Maghar Domahi" and "Katir Domahi".<ref name=Upendranath_Goswami_1970_p.13-14 /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Goswami|first=Praphulla Dutta|title=The Springtime Bihu of Assam: A Socio-cultural Study|publisher=Lawyer's Bookstall, Gauhati|year=1966|isbn=|location=|pages=8|quote=Domahi means the junction of two months . Further , in lower Assam , this term tends to replace the use of the name Bihu : the Domahi of Bohag , of Kati , or of Magh.}}</ref> There is hardly any dance and music of the Bihu type so common in Eastern Assam, but a special springtime festival of this region is a fair usually held in the first week of Baihag or third week of April. It is known as "Bhatheli" in northern Kamrup, "Sori" or "Suanri" in southern Kamrup. In certain areas the breakers of the "bhatheli-ghar" come from another village, resulting in a sort of mock fight between them and the local youth. In the southern part of Kamrup, where the festival is known as Sori, planting of tall bamboos is not seen, but bamboo posts,with the tuft at the top. People bow before the bamboos in northern Kamrup and they also touch them with reverence, but it does not look like any sort of bamboo worship.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Goswami|first=Praphulla Dutta|title=The Springtime Bihu of Assam: A Socio-cultural Study|publisher=Lawyer's Bookstall, Gauhati|year=1966|isbn=|location=|pages=25}}</ref> The common popular term to designate the three festivals corresponding to Bihu of Eastern Assam, in Western Assam, except in West Goalpara, is "Domahi", e.g., "Baihagar Domahi", "Maghar Domahi" and "Katir Domahi".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Datta|last1=Śarmā| last2=Das| first=Bīrendranātha|first1=Nabīnacandra | first2=Prabin Chandra | title=A Handbook of Folklore Material of North-East India |publisher=Anundoram Borooah Institute of Language, Art & Culture, Assam |year=1994 |isbn=|location=|pages=158}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Śarmā |first=Nabīnacandra Dutta|title=Essays on the Folklore of North-eastern India |publisher=Bani Prokash|year=1988|isbn=|location=|pages=64}}</ref> |
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==Religion== |
==Religion== |
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==Language== |
==Language== |
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Kamrupi people |
Kamrupi people are native speaker's of [[Kamrupi language]].<ref>{{cite book |title=A contrastive analysis of the morphological aspects of Assamese and Oriya |last= Baruah |first=P. N. Dutta |year=2007 |publisher=Central Institute of Indian Languages |page=10 }}</ref> |
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==Music== |
==Music== |
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The folk songs of Kamrup region is known as [[Kamrupi Lokgeet]]. [[Kamrupi dance]] is a form of dance technique has been evolved from Bhaona which is a sophisticated type of dancing.<ref> |
The folk songs of Kamrup region is known as [[Kamrupi Lokgeet]]. [[Kamrupi dance]] is a form of dance technique has been evolved from Bhaona which is a sophisticated type of dancing. Falguni, Geeta, Karna-Arjuna, Ojhapali etc are forms of Kamrupi dance.<ref>{{cite book |title=The folk-dance of India |last=Banerji |first=Projesh |year=1959 |publisher=Kitabistan |page=72 }}</ref> |
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==Cuisine== |
==Cuisine== |
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[[Category:Kamrupi culture|People]] |
[[Category:Kamrupi culture|People]] |
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[[Category:Kamrup region|People]] |
[[Category:Kamrup region|People]] |
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[[Category:Assamese people]] |
Revision as of 07:58, 3 January 2021
Total population | |
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60,00,000 (2011) | |
Regions with significant populations | |
India | |
Languages | |
Kamrupi | |
Religion | |
Hinduism | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Other Indo-Aryan peoples |
The Kamrupi people are an ethno-linguistic group that speak the Kamrupi, found in the Kamrup region of Assam, India.[1]
Culture
Daka, the great Kamrupi poet flourished undoubtedly during the ancient period.[2]
Festivals
Domahi (Damhi), Manasha Puja, Basanti Puja, Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Diwali, Holi, Janmastami, Shivratri to name a few, are major festivals of the region.[1] Muslims celebrate Eid.
The common popular term to designate the three festivals corresponding to Bihu of Eastern Assam, in Western Assam, except in West Goalpara, is "Domahi", e.g., "Baihagar Domahi", "Maghar Domahi" and "Katir Domahi".[1][3] There is hardly any dance and music of the Bihu type so common in Eastern Assam, but a special springtime festival of this region is a fair usually held in the first week of Baihag or third week of April. It is known as "Bhatheli" in northern Kamrup, "Sori" or "Suanri" in southern Kamrup. In certain areas the breakers of the "bhatheli-ghar" come from another village, resulting in a sort of mock fight between them and the local youth. In the southern part of Kamrup, where the festival is known as Sori, planting of tall bamboos is not seen, but bamboo posts,with the tuft at the top. People bow before the bamboos in northern Kamrup and they also touch them with reverence, but it does not look like any sort of bamboo worship.[4] The common popular term to designate the three festivals corresponding to Bihu of Eastern Assam, in Western Assam, except in West Goalpara, is "Domahi", e.g., "Baihagar Domahi", "Maghar Domahi" and "Katir Domahi".[5][6]
Religion
Hinduism is the major religion of the region. Hinduism is further divided into Vaishnavism and Shaktism. Hindu way of life can be observed in dressing, food and lifestyle, an important aspect of cultural identity for people of the region.
Hindu kingdoms as political identites made a long lasting impact on region defining the way of the life. In early part of second millennium, Islam arrived in region with Turkish and Afghan invaders.
Language
Kamrupi people are native speaker's of Kamrupi language.[7]
Music
The folk songs of Kamrup region is known as Kamrupi Lokgeet. Kamrupi dance is a form of dance technique has been evolved from Bhaona which is a sophisticated type of dancing. Falguni, Geeta, Karna-Arjuna, Ojhapali etc are forms of Kamrupi dance.[8]
Cuisine
The Kamrupi food homogenous to certain extent with nearby eastern states of West Bengal and Bihar. Mustard seeds and coconut is generously used in cooking, while ginger, garlic, pepper and onions are extensively used. Traditional utensils are made of bell metal though stainless steel is quite common in modern times.[9]
Notable people
- Pushya Varman
- Bhaskar Varman
- Kumarila Bhatta
- Minanatha
- Chand Sadagar
- Ananta Kandali
- Bhattadeva
- Bakul Kayastha
- Haradatta Choudhury
- Birdatta Choudhury
- Haribara Vipra
- Hema Saraswati
- Ambikagiri Raichoudhury
- Birendra Nath Dutta
- Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
- Bishnu Ram Medhi
- Indira Goswami
- Kaliram Medhi
- Mahendra Mohan Choudhry
- Rameshwar Pathak
- Parbati Charan Das
See also
References
- ^ a b c Goswami, Upendranath (1970). A Study on Kāmrūpī: A Dialect of Assamese. Department of Historical Antiquarian Studies, Assam. pp. 13–14.
Moreover the factors for the integration of different dialects namely war, annual fair, great religious festivals etc., where people of different and adjacent places can mix together and get the chief roughness of different dialects smoothed down, were found lacking between eastern and western Assam. The important festival in eastern Assam called the Bihu festival is not observed in the same manner in western Assam. The Kamrupi word for the festival at the same period is 'dahmi'. The custom of intermarriage between eastern Assam and Kamrup was also not in vogue. Even now-a-days the number of such marriages is not great. In other cultural items also Kamrup and eastern Assam differ considerably. In Kamrup we find 'bhathli', a kind of bamboo worship held in the middle of April. Another interesting custom in Kamrup is the custom of driving mosquitoes in winter in the form of group singing which is known as 'mahoho'. The choral songs, known as 'ojapali, connected with the story of the goddess Manasa, is also confined in western Assam. Manasa even to-day "is a living and powerful cult in Assam and she is worshipped with much adoration and ceremony, particularly in the districts of Kamrup, Goalpara and Darrang". In eastern Assam no parallel is found to these festivals and worship. Thus politically, socially and culturally Kamrup formed a separate unit and its speech also was compelled to take a shape to form a distinct dialect. It is only by chance that this dialect had to lose its prestige and had to remain as a dialect.
- ^ Barua, Prafulla Chandra (1967), Fragments of a lost picture, Page viii
- ^ Goswami, Praphulla Dutta (1966). The Springtime Bihu of Assam: A Socio-cultural Study. Lawyer's Bookstall, Gauhati. p. 8.
Domahi means the junction of two months . Further , in lower Assam , this term tends to replace the use of the name Bihu : the Domahi of Bohag , of Kati , or of Magh.
- ^ Goswami, Praphulla Dutta (1966). The Springtime Bihu of Assam: A Socio-cultural Study. Lawyer's Bookstall, Gauhati. p. 25.
- ^ Datta, Bīrendranātha; Das, Prabin Chandra (1994). A Handbook of Folklore Material of North-East India. Anundoram Borooah Institute of Language, Art & Culture, Assam. p. 158.
{{cite book}}
: More than one of|first1=
and|first=
specified (help); More than one of|last1=
and|last=
specified (help) - ^ Śarmā, Nabīnacandra Dutta (1988). Essays on the Folklore of North-eastern India. Bani Prokash. p. 64.
- ^ Baruah, P. N. Dutta (2007). A contrastive analysis of the morphological aspects of Assamese and Oriya. Central Institute of Indian Languages. p. 10.
- ^ Banerji, Projesh (1959). The folk-dance of India. Kitabistan. p. 72.
- ^ Das Jyoti (2008), Ambrosia, from the Assamese Kitchen