Content deleted Content added
Reverted vandalism |
62.171.194.40 (talk) No edit summary |
||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Cudmore's a wanker |
|||
The '''Internet backbone''' was the central network that linked all the parts of the [[Internet]] together. The term is now used as a loose term to describe the "core" of the current Internet. |
|||
==History== |
|||
The original Internet backbone was the [[ARPANET]]. |
|||
In [[1989]] the [[NSFNet]] backbone was established, the US military broke off as a separate [[MILNET]] network, and the ARPANET was shut down. |
|||
A plan was then developed for first expanding NSFNet further, prior to rendering it obsolete by creating a new network architecture based on decentralized routing. <!--(to be written: creation of the NAPs, [[Exterior Gateway Protocol|EGP]])--> |
|||
With the decommissioning of the NSFNet Internet backbone network on [[April 30]], [[1995]], the Internet now consists entirely of the various commercial [[Internet service provider|ISP]]s and private networks (as well as inter-university networks), as connected at their [[peering]] points. |
|||
The term "Internet backbone" is now sometimes loosely used to refer to the inter-provider links and peering points. However, with the universal use of the [[Border Gateway Protocol|BGP]] [[Routing|routing protocol]], the Internet functions with no single central network at all. |
|||
With the advent of the [[Dot-com|dot-com bust]] of [[2002]], a number of major telecommunications carriers were threatened by bankruptcy, and some failed completely: for example, the [[EBONE]] network was decomissioned in its entirety. This was a successful test of the level of fault-tolerance and redundancy of the Internet. |
|||
==Overview== |
|||
The Internet backbone consists of many different [[computer network|network]]s. Usually, the term is used to describe large networks that inter-connect with each others and have individual ISPs as clients. For example, a local ISP may provide service for a single town, and connect to a regional provider which has several local ISPs as client. This regional provider connects to one of the backbone networks, which provides nationwide or worldwide connections. |
|||
These backbone providers usually provide connection facilities in many cities for their clients, and they themselves connect with other backbone providers at [[Internet Exchange Point]]s such as [[MAE-East]] in [[New York]] or [[FreeIX]] in [[France]]. |
|||
Backbone networks are usually commercial, educational or government owned, such as military networks. Some large companies that provide backbone connectivity include [[MCI]], [[UUnet]], [[British Telecom]], [[AT&T]] and [[Teleglobe]]. |
|||
==See also== |
|||
*[[Peering]] |
|||
*[[Trunking]] |
|||
*[[Switching]] |
|||
*[[Routing]] |
|||
[[Category:Internet|Backbone, Internet]] |
|||
[[da:Backbone]] |
|||
[[de:Backbone]] |
|||
[[fr:Backbone]] |
|||
[[nl:Backbone]] |
|||
[[pt:Backbone]] |
Revision as of 11:10, 5 December 2005
Cudmore's a wanker