IEditPolitics (talk | contribs) Clutter removed. Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit Newcomer task Newcomer task: copyedit |
Major overhaul of page. Removes plagiarism from organization's website. Corrects tone, verifies and updates key facts and organization of page to sound less like and ad. Tag: COI template removed |
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{{Short description|Non-Governmental Organisation of police and ex-police}} |
{{Short description|Non-Governmental Organisation of police and ex-police}} |
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{{Distinguish|Interpol |
{{Distinguish|Interpol}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} |
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{{Infobox organization |
{{Infobox organization |
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| abbreviation = IPA |
| abbreviation = IPA |
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| motto = Service through Friendship |
| motto = Service through Friendship |
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| founder = Arthur Troop |
| founder = [[Arthur Troop]] |
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| type = Non-Governmental Organization |
| type = Non-Governmental Organization |
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| status = Friendship Organization |
| status = Friendship Organization |
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[[File:International Police Association 2016 stampsheet of Romania 2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|A 2016 stamp sheet of Romania dedicated to the 66th anniversary of IPA and to Arthur Troop]] |
[[File:International Police Association 2016 stampsheet of Romania 2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|A 2016 stamp sheet of Romania dedicated to the 66th anniversary of IPA and to Arthur Troop]] |
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[[File:Schloss-gim.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|[[Gimborn Castle]] in Germany, Educational Centre]] |
[[File:Schloss-gim.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|[[Gimborn Castle]] in Germany, Educational Centre]] |
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The '''International Police Association''' ('''IPA''') is a worldwide fraternal police organization. The IPA operates as a [[non-governmental organization|Non-Governmental Organization]] open to active duty or retired members of the [[Police|police force]]. |
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⚫ | The |
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== Mission == |
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The IPA was founded in an effort to connect past and current members of law enforcement "without distinction as to rank, position, gender, race, language or religion" across cultures. |
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⚫ | According to its website, the organization "aims are to create and strengthen bonds of friendship between members of the police service, promote international cooperation in social, cultural and professional fields, encourage peaceful co-existence between peoples and preservation of world peace, improve the public image of the police service and enhance recognition of the IPA by international bodies."<ref name="about"/> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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=== |
=== Founding === |
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The IPA was founded by [[Lincolnshire Police]] officer [[Arthur Troop]] in 1950. In 1949, Troop wrote an article published in the ''British Police Review'' under the pseudonym of Aytee. By January 1, 1950, the IPA was established with the [[Esperanto]] motto "Servo per Amikeco," or "Service Through Friendship." Troop became the first secretary general of the British section of the organization and later the first international secretary general. In 1966, he resigned from that role for unspecified personal reasons.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/The-IPA-is-founded/142963|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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Troop and other organization leaders sought to expand to as many countries as possible. Within the course of several years, there were sections in the majority of Western Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/1st-IPA-World-Congress/142962|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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=== 1st IPA World Congress === |
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With the help of early pioneers, [[Arthur Troop]] worked to encourage the founding of other National Sections. From small beginnings the IPA message quickly took hold and the formation of new Sections throughout the world became rapid. Soon there were sections in the majority of Western Europe. In 1955, at the first International Executive Committee meeting in Paris, Arthur Troop became the first International Secretary General, a post he held until he stood down in 1966 for personal reasons. <ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/1st-IPA-World-Congress/142962|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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=== |
=== Expansion outside of Europe === |
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On |
On March 16, 1961 at the IPA's organization-wide formal summit called the World Congress, the first sections outside of Europe were affiliated in [[Canada]] and [[Hong Kong]]. At the third World Congress held in [[Stuttgart|Stuttgart, Germany]], in September 1961, the first African IPA section was also affiliated in [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/First-sections-outside-of-Europe-affiliated/143472|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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=== First female |
=== First female leader === |
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1982 |
In 1982, Phyllis Nolan of [[Ireland]] was elected to become the first woman to serve on the IPA's executive board. She later became president of Section Ireland and international vice president.<ref>{{cite web |title=Goodwill message from Phyllis Nolan |url=https://www.ipa-uk.org/News/goodwill-message-from-phyllis-nolan |website=IPA UK |access-date=27 June 2023}}</ref> |
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=== International Administration Centre formed === |
=== International Administration Centre formed === |
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In 1986, due to the |
In 1986, due to the growth of the organization, the leadership decided to hire a full-time staff. Until that point, administrative duties shifted from section to section. In 1987, a permanent centre was established in the United Kingdom at the headquarters building of Section UK.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/International-Administration-Centre-formed/143475|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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By 2023, there were more than 372,000 members in nearly 100 countries, of which 65 are affiliated National Sections.<ref name="about" /> |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | The IPA adheres to the principles in the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]] as adopted by the [[United Nations]] in 1948, and is in Consultative (Special) Status with the [[United Nations Economic and Social Council|Economic and Social Council of the United Nations]], and also is in Consultative Status with the [[Organization of American States]] and [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=國際警察協會 澳門分會|url=http://ipa-macau.com/index.php/About/constitution|access-date=2021-08-03|website=ipa-macau.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - About us|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/About|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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=== International Executive Board === |
=== International Executive Board === |
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The International Executive Board (IEB) is responsible for the day-to-day management of the IPA. It's made up of eight IPA members who are elected by the membership at the World Congress and they serve for a 4-year term.<ref name=" |
The International Executive Board (IEB) is responsible for the day-to-day management of the IPA. It's made up of eight IPA members who are elected by the membership at the World Congress and they serve for a 4-year term.<ref name="about">{{Cite web|title=IPA - About us|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/About|access-date=2023-06-27|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+Board Members |
|+Board Members |
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|President |
|President |
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|Pierre-Martin Moulin |
|Pierre-Martin Moulin ([[Switzerland]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Vice President |
|Vice President |
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|Kyriakos Karkalis |
|Kyriakos Karkalis ([[Greece]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Secretary General |
|Secretary General |
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|May-Britt Ronnebro |
|May-Britt Ronnebro ([[Sweden]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Chairperson External Relations Commission |
|Chairperson External Relations Commission |
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|Einar Guðberg Jónsson |
|Einar Guðberg Jónsson ([[Iceland]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Chairperson Socio-Cultural Commission |
|Chairperson Socio-Cultural Commission |
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|Kyriakos Karkalis |
|Kyriakos Karkalis ([[Greece]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Chairperson Professional Commission |
|Chairperson Professional Commission |
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|Demetris Demetriou |
|Demetris Demetriou ([[Cyprus]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Head of Administration |
|Head of Administration |
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|Stephen Crockard |
|Stephen Crockard ([[United Kingdom]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Treasurer Finances |
|Treasurer Finances |
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|Michael Walsh |
|Michael Walsh ([[Ireland]]) |
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|- |
|- |
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|Treasurer Social Affairs |
|Treasurer Social Affairs |
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|Martin Hoffmann |
|Martin Hoffmann ([[Austria]]) |
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|} |
|} |
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=== |
=== Commissions === |
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There are three commissions that report to the executive board: |
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The ERC continued its work in promoting the IPA within organizations the IPA collaborates with by taking part in meetings and conferences, such as the UNODC’s 27th "Session on Crime" in Vienna in 2018 and "the International Conference of INGOs" at UNESCO in Paris in 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|title=IPA Global Report 2019|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/write/MediaUploads/IPA_Global_Report_2019.pdf|journal=IPA Global Report 2019}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|+Commission Members |
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!Name |
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!Section |
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!Responsible |
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|- |
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|Damian Crummey |
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|Ireland |
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|Partnership and Memorandum of Understanding |
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|- |
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|Michel de Mulder |
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|Belgium |
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|IEB Representative at EU, Brussels |
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|- |
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|Andreas Niesser |
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|Austria |
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|IEB Representative at UNODC, Vienna, Austria |
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|- |
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|Eugène Thommes |
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|Luxemburg |
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|Partnership and Memorandum of Understanding |
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|- |
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|Karin Azadian |
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|USA |
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|IEB Representative at UN, New York, USA |
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|} |
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* ''' International Relations Commission:''' responsible for maintaining connections across different chapters and cultures |
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=== Professional Commission (PC) === |
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* ''' Professional Commission:''' responsible for professional development, youth outreach, equal opportunities<ref>{{cite web |title=Professional Commission (PC) |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/Professional-Commission |website=IPA International |access-date=27 June 2023}}</ref> |
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⚫ | * ''' Socio-Cultural Commission:''' responsible for the development and promotion of social and cultural activities within the organization<ref>{{cite web |title=Socio-Cultural Commission (SCC) |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/Socio-Cultural-Commission-SCC |website=IPA International |access-date=27 June 2023}}</ref> |
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=Outreach= |
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==== Young Police Officers' Seminar (YPOS) ==== |
==== Young Police Officers' Seminar (YPOS) ==== |
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The |
The Young Police Officers' Seminar is a training event for young IPA members from Law Enforcement Agencies, held every second year. Destinations have included New Zealand (2023), Sri Lanka (2022), the UK (2019), USA (2017), Poland (2015) and Australia (2013).<ref>{{cite web |title=Young Police Officers' Seminar (YPOS) |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/Young-Police-Officers-Seminar |website=IPA International |access-date=15 June 2023}}</ref> |
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==== Arthur Troop Scholarships (ATS) ==== |
==== Arthur Troop Scholarships (ATS) ==== |
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The ATS is awarded annually to 10 – 15 IPA members for professional education and advanced training, with the aim of aiding IPA members in their professional development in memory of the founder of the IPA. The ATS may be awarded to any IPA member active in a law enforcement role, but is predominantly targeted at our younger members.<ref |
The ATS is awarded annually to 10 – 15 IPA members for professional education and advanced training, with the aim of aiding IPA members in their professional development in memory of the founder of the IPA. The ATS may be awarded to any IPA member active in a law enforcement role, but is predominantly targeted at our younger members.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seminars and scholarships |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/Arthur-Troop-Scholarship |website=IPA International |access-date=28 June 2023}}</ref> |
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==== International Learning and Development Exchange Program ==== |
==== International Learning and Development Exchange Program ==== |
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The International Learning and Development Exchange Program (ILDEP) relates to an international exchange of IPA members pertaining to their professional working role and is placed under the responsibility of the Chairperson of the PC. The exchange has a focus on sharing knowledge, an exchange of ideas, practices, and policy. |
The International Learning and Development Exchange Program (ILDEP) relates to an international exchange of IPA members pertaining to their professional working role and is placed under the responsibility of the Chairperson of the PC. The exchange has a focus on sharing knowledge, an exchange of ideas, practices, and policy. |
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==== International Education and Information Center ==== |
==== International Education and Information Center ==== |
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[[Gimborn Castle]], in Germany, houses the IPA's International Education and Conference Center, and is widely referred to as the Flagship of the Association. It is here where professional seminars, conferences and meetings are held in idyllic wooded mountainous surroundings, some 30 miles east of Cologne in the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia. IBZ Gimborn was founded on 25 October 1969 by a group led by Günter Kratz, Hans Jansen and Theo Leenders. They seized the opportunity to rent the castle from Baron von Fürstenberg. Conversion work was started on the main building and the defunct local primary school. Seminars initially were held in nearby Dürhölzen.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/IBZ-Gimborn-founded/143473|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
[[Gimborn Castle]], in Germany, houses the IPA's International Education and Conference Center, and is widely referred to as the Flagship of the Association. It is here where professional seminars, conferences and meetings are held in idyllic wooded mountainous surroundings, some 30 miles east of Cologne in the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia. IBZ Gimborn was founded on 25 October 1969 by a group led by Günter Kratz, Hans Jansen and Theo Leenders. They seized the opportunity to rent the castle from Baron von Fürstenberg. Conversion work was started on the main building and the defunct local primary school. Seminars initially were held in nearby Dürhölzen.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IPA - History of the IPA|url=https://www.ipa-international.org/History/IBZ-Gimborn-founded/143473|access-date=2021-08-03|website=www.ipa-international.org}}</ref> |
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=== Socio-Cultural Commission (SCC) === |
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⚫ | |||
* International sports events and championships, including the IPA Games |
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* Travel opportunities for IPA members |
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* IPA Houses and other accommodation |
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* International Youth Gathering (IYG) |
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* International video, website, and photo competitions |
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* Social projects |
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* IPA hobbies on an international level |
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* IPA Heritage |
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* The IPA Virtual Race Week |
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* The IPA Children's Painting Competition |
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* Hosting project |
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* Pen Pal Project |
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==== Travel Assistance ==== |
==== Travel Assistance ==== |
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IPA Sections frequently arrange friendship weeks for members and their families to promote the culture and traditions of their countries, thus facilitating cross-border understanding. Many members participate in these events, while others travel on their own, with help from the sections they visit<ref name=" |
IPA Sections frequently arrange friendship weeks for members and their families to promote the culture and traditions of their countries, thus facilitating cross-border understanding. Many members participate in these events, while others travel on their own, with help from the sections they visit<ref name="about" /> |
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==== IPA Houses ==== |
==== IPA Houses ==== |
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Many sections offer IPA members accommodation options: More than 40 IPA Houses are available, offering reasonably priced accommodation, plus the IPA has many other accommodation options available, including members’ holiday homes and discounts at hotels. IPA Houses and other accommodations are advertised in the IPA Hosting Book, with at present 264 hosting options.<ref |
Many sections offer IPA members accommodation options: More than 40 IPA Houses are available, offering reasonably priced accommodation, plus the IPA has many other accommodation options available, including members’ holiday homes and discounts at hotels. IPA Houses and other accommodations are advertised in the IPA Hosting Book, with at present 264 hosting options.<ref>{{cite web |title=IPA Houses |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/IPA-Houses |website=IPA International}}</ref> |
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==== International Sports Events ==== |
==== International Sports Events ==== |
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Sports events and championships are arranged worldwide with numerous IPA members participating. The IPA Games is the latest contribution and is organized biennially. IPA Portugal hosted the IPA Games 2018 |
Sports events and championships are arranged worldwide with numerous IPA members participating. The IPA Games is the latest contribution and is organized biennially. IPA Portugal hosted the IPA Games 2018. In 2022, Montenegro hosted the games.<ref>{{cite web |title=IPA sports |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/Sports |website=IPA International |access-date=28 June 2023}}</ref> |
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==Organizational Goals == |
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⚫ | |||
== World Congress == |
== World Congress == |
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The World Congress is an organization-wide summit to review the prior year and establish goals for the year ahead. It is hosted by a different national section every day, using lasting about a week. |
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The World Congress is a prestigious IPA event which has been hosted annually since 1955, when the first congress took place in Paris. Since then 34 sections, on 6 continents, have hosted this annual gathering. The last 5 years saw IPA Congresses taking place in [[Limassol|Limassol, Cyprus]] (2015); [[Auckland|Auckland, New Zealand]] (2016); [[Albena|Albena, Bulgaria]] (2017); [[Rotterdam|Rotterdam, the Netherlands]] (2018) and [[Dubrovnik|Dubrovnik, Croatia]] (2019). |
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The event has been held since the organization's founding. The World Congress has now been hosted in more than 31 countries in 65 years. In October 2023, the event was slated to be held in [[Athens, Greece]].<ref>{{cite web |title=IPA World Congress |url=https://www.ipa-international.org/ipa-world-congress |website=IPA International |access-date=28 June 2023}}</ref> |
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=== 64th World Congress === |
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The 64th IPA World Congress 2019 took place in the coastal resort of Cavtat, near Dubrovnik, from 8-13 October 2019. The facilities chosen by the hosting section combined a beautiful setting with excellent meeting facilities, including a congress hall providing ample space for around 300 congress participants from 63 out of the IPA’s 67 affiliated sections. After a full day of congress sessions, everyone had the opportunity to relax and round off the day with a quick swim in the Adriatic Sea or a short stroll into historic Cavtat.<ref name=":1" /> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[International Association of Women Police]] |
*[[International Association of Women Police]] |
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*[[Fraternal Order of Police]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
Revision as of 00:23, 28 June 2023
Abbreviation | IPA |
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Formation | 1950 |
Founder | Arthur Troop |
Type | Non-Governmental Organization |
Legal status | Friendship Organization |
Headquarters | Nottingham, UK |
Membership | 372,000[1] |
Official language | English, French, German, Spanish |
President | Pierre-Martin Moulin |
Website | www.ipa-international.org |
The International Police Association (IPA) is a worldwide fraternal police organization. The IPA operates as a Non-Governmental Organization open to active duty or retired members of the police force.
Mission
The IPA was founded in an effort to connect past and current members of law enforcement "without distinction as to rank, position, gender, race, language or religion" across cultures.
According to its website, the organization "aims are to create and strengthen bonds of friendship between members of the police service, promote international cooperation in social, cultural and professional fields, encourage peaceful co-existence between peoples and preservation of world peace, improve the public image of the police service and enhance recognition of the IPA by international bodies."[2]
History
Founding
The IPA was founded by Lincolnshire Police officer Arthur Troop in 1950. In 1949, Troop wrote an article published in the British Police Review under the pseudonym of Aytee. By January 1, 1950, the IPA was established with the Esperanto motto "Servo per Amikeco," or "Service Through Friendship." Troop became the first secretary general of the British section of the organization and later the first international secretary general. In 1966, he resigned from that role for unspecified personal reasons.[3]
Troop and other organization leaders sought to expand to as many countries as possible. Within the course of several years, there were sections in the majority of Western Europe.[4]
Expansion outside of Europe
On March 16, 1961 at the IPA's organization-wide formal summit called the World Congress, the first sections outside of Europe were affiliated in Canada and Hong Kong. At the third World Congress held in Stuttgart, Germany, in September 1961, the first African IPA section was also affiliated in Kenya.[5]
First female leader
In 1982, Phyllis Nolan of Ireland was elected to become the first woman to serve on the IPA's executive board. She later became president of Section Ireland and international vice president.[6]
International Administration Centre formed
In 1986, due to the growth of the organization, the leadership decided to hire a full-time staff. Until that point, administrative duties shifted from section to section. In 1987, a permanent centre was established in the United Kingdom at the headquarters building of Section UK.[7]
By 2023, there were more than 372,000 members in nearly 100 countries, of which 65 are affiliated National Sections.[2]
Structure
The IPA adheres to the principles in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as adopted by the United Nations in 1948, and is in Consultative (Special) Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, and also is in Consultative Status with the Organization of American States and UNESCO.[8][9]
International Executive Board
The International Executive Board (IEB) is responsible for the day-to-day management of the IPA. It's made up of eight IPA members who are elected by the membership at the World Congress and they serve for a 4-year term.[2]
Title | Name |
---|---|
President | Pierre-Martin Moulin (Switzerland) |
Vice President | Kyriakos Karkalis (Greece) |
Secretary General | May-Britt Ronnebro (Sweden) |
Chairperson External Relations Commission | Einar Guðberg Jónsson (Iceland) |
Chairperson Socio-Cultural Commission | Kyriakos Karkalis (Greece) |
Chairperson Professional Commission | Demetris Demetriou (Cyprus) |
Head of Administration | Stephen Crockard (United Kingdom) |
Treasurer Finances | Michael Walsh (Ireland) |
Treasurer Social Affairs | Martin Hoffmann (Austria) |
Commissions
There are three commissions that report to the executive board:
- International Relations Commission: responsible for maintaining connections across different chapters and cultures
- Professional Commission: responsible for professional development, youth outreach, equal opportunities[10]
- Socio-Cultural Commission: responsible for the development and promotion of social and cultural activities within the organization[11]
Outreach
Young Police Officers' Seminar (YPOS)
The Young Police Officers' Seminar is a training event for young IPA members from Law Enforcement Agencies, held every second year. Destinations have included New Zealand (2023), Sri Lanka (2022), the UK (2019), USA (2017), Poland (2015) and Australia (2013).[12]
Arthur Troop Scholarships (ATS)
The ATS is awarded annually to 10 – 15 IPA members for professional education and advanced training, with the aim of aiding IPA members in their professional development in memory of the founder of the IPA. The ATS may be awarded to any IPA member active in a law enforcement role, but is predominantly targeted at our younger members.[13]
International Learning and Development Exchange Program
The International Learning and Development Exchange Program (ILDEP) relates to an international exchange of IPA members pertaining to their professional working role and is placed under the responsibility of the Chairperson of the PC. The exchange has a focus on sharing knowledge, an exchange of ideas, practices, and policy.
International Education and Information Center
Gimborn Castle, in Germany, houses the IPA's International Education and Conference Center, and is widely referred to as the Flagship of the Association. It is here where professional seminars, conferences and meetings are held in idyllic wooded mountainous surroundings, some 30 miles east of Cologne in the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia. IBZ Gimborn was founded on 25 October 1969 by a group led by Günter Kratz, Hans Jansen and Theo Leenders. They seized the opportunity to rent the castle from Baron von Fürstenberg. Conversion work was started on the main building and the defunct local primary school. Seminars initially were held in nearby Dürhölzen.[14]
Travel Assistance
IPA Sections frequently arrange friendship weeks for members and their families to promote the culture and traditions of their countries, thus facilitating cross-border understanding. Many members participate in these events, while others travel on their own, with help from the sections they visit[2]
IPA Houses
Many sections offer IPA members accommodation options: More than 40 IPA Houses are available, offering reasonably priced accommodation, plus the IPA has many other accommodation options available, including members’ holiday homes and discounts at hotels. IPA Houses and other accommodations are advertised in the IPA Hosting Book, with at present 264 hosting options.[15]
International Sports Events
Sports events and championships are arranged worldwide with numerous IPA members participating. The IPA Games is the latest contribution and is organized biennially. IPA Portugal hosted the IPA Games 2018. In 2022, Montenegro hosted the games.[16]
World Congress
The World Congress is an organization-wide summit to review the prior year and establish goals for the year ahead. It is hosted by a different national section every day, using lasting about a week.
The event has been held since the organization's founding. The World Congress has now been hosted in more than 31 countries in 65 years. In October 2023, the event was slated to be held in Athens, Greece.[17]
See also
References
- ^ "About us | IPA". IPA International. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c d "IPA - About us". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ "IPA - History of the IPA". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "IPA - History of the IPA". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "IPA - History of the IPA". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "Goodwill message from Phyllis Nolan". IPA UK. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ "IPA - History of the IPA". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "國際警察協會 澳門分會". ipa-macau.com. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "IPA - About us". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "Professional Commission (PC)". IPA International. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ "Socio-Cultural Commission (SCC)". IPA International. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ "Young Police Officers' Seminar (YPOS)". IPA International. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ^ "Seminars and scholarships". IPA International. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "IPA - History of the IPA". www.ipa-international.org. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "IPA Houses". IPA International.
- ^ "IPA sports". IPA International. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "IPA World Congress". IPA International. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
External links
- International Police Association - International Administrative Center