Alternative names | Appetizer, Starter, Canape, Antipasto. |
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Course | Appetizer |
Place of origin | France |
Serving temperature | Hot or cold |
Part of a series on |
Meals |
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Meals |
Components and courses |
Related concepts |
An hors-d'oeuvre (/ɔːr ˈdɜːrv, ˈdɜːrvr[invalid input: '(ə)']/; French: hors-d'œuvre [ɔʁ dœvʁ] , literally "apart from the [main] work") – also known as an appetizer or starter – is a food item served before the main courses of a meal. Typically smaller than a main dish, it is often designed to be eaten by hand (with minimal use of cutlery).[1] The French spelling is the same for singular and plural usage, hors-d’œuvre; in English, the ⟨œ⟩ ligature is usually replaced by the digraph ⟨oe⟩ with the plural commonly written hors d'oeuvres and pronounced /ɔːr ˈdɜːrvz/.
Use
If there is an extended period between when guests arrive and when the meal is eaten (for example during a cocktail hour), these might serve the purpose of sustaining guests during the wait, in the same way that apéritifs are served as a drink before meals. Hors d'oeuvres are sometimes served with no meal afterward. This is the case with many reception and cocktail party events.
Hors d'oeuvres may be served at the dinner table as a part of the meal or they may be served before seating. Hors d'oeuvres before a meal are either rotated by waiters or passed. Stationary hors d'oeuvres served at the table may be referred to as "table hors d'oeuvres." Passed hors d'oeuvres may be referred to as "butler-style" or "butlered" hors d'oeuvres.
Though any food served before the main course is technically an hors d'oeuvre, the phrase is generally limited to individual items, cheese, or fruit. For example, a glazed fig topped with mascarpone and wrapped with prosciutto is considered an "hors d'oeuvre," whereas figs on a platter are not.
Examples
Examples of hors d'oeuvre include:
Other languages and cultures
- Antipasto (Italian) or Entrada (Portuguese, Spanish) are served as hors d'oeuvre in Southern Europe.
- In the United States, Appetizers are served before a meal, and is the most common term for hors d'oeuvre. Light snacks served outside of the context of a meal are called hors d'oeuvres (with the English-language pluralization).
- Starters are served in the UK, Ireland and India, and are the colloquial term for hors d'oeuvre.
- Đồ nguội khai vị ("cold plate first course") is Vietnamese for hors d'oeuvre.
- Lěng pán 冷盘 ("cold plate"), or qián cài 前菜 ("before dish") are terms used for hors d'oeuvre in Mandarin.
- Meze, a selection of small dishes served in Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Balkan cuisine.
- Zakuski are hors d'oeuvre in cuisines of Russia and other post-Soviet countries.
- 전채 jeonchae (前菜) "before dish" or 에피타이저 appetizer "appetizer" is Korean for hors d'oeuvre.
- Zensai (前菜, lit. before dish) is Japanese for hors d'oeuvre or more commonly, ōdoburu (オードブル) which is a direct transcription of hors d'oeuvre.
- Voorgerecht in Dutch, which means the dish ("gerecht") before ("voor") the main course.
- Pembuka (lit. "opening") is Indonesian for hors d'oeuvre.
- pasapalos (lit. "drink passer") is Venezuelan for hors d'oeuvre.
- "moqabbelat" ( مقبلات, "things which make one accept what is to come". From root قبل lit. "to accept" ) is Arabic for hors d'oeuvre.
- Yemekaltı [2] is Turkish for hors d'oeuvre
Gallery
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Assortment of hors d'oeuvres
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A selection of modern hors d'oeuvre
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Appetizers in a restaurant
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Deviled eggs, a cold hors d'oeuvre
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Swiss cuisine (Schynige Platte)
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Japanese zensai
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Crudités variées
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Russian zakuski
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Hors d'oeuvre in Azerbaijan
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Various hors d'oeuvre at a Romanian banquet
See also
- List of hors d'oeuvre
- Amuse-bouche
- Bruschetta
- Cicchetti
- Dim sum
- Finger food
- Garnish
- Gujeolpan
- List of foods
- Meze
- Picada
- Preprandial, a term sometimes used to refer to hors d'oeuvre.
- Pu pu platter
- Sushi
- Tapas
References
- ^ "hors d'oeuvre - definition of hors d'oeuvre in English from the Oxford dictionary". oxforddictionaries.com. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
- ^ "TÜRK DİL KURUMU". tdk.gov.tr. Retrieved 18 March 2015.