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#REDIRECT [[Heart and Soul (Frank Loesser and Hoagy Carmichael song)#The Cleftones version]] |
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{{Infobox single |
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| Name = Heart and Soul |
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| Cover = Heart_and_Soul_1961_Cleftones_single.jpg |
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| Artist = [[The Cleftones]] |
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| B-side = "How do you feel?" by members of the Cleftones |
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| Released = {{Start date|1961|04|17}} |
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| Format = [[7-inch single]] |
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| Recorded = 1959, [[Rochester, New York]] |
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| Genre = [[Rhythm and blues]] [[doo-wop]] |
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| Length = {{Duration|m=1|s=52}} |
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| Label = [[Gee Records]] (1064) |
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| Writer = [[Hoagy Carmichael]] and [[Frank Loesser]] |
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| Producer = [[George Goldner]] |
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| Published = [[Famous Music]] |
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| Language = English |
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| Composer = [[The Cleftones]] |
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| Certification = Silver ([[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]) |
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| Last single = "Shadows on the Very Last Row/She's Gone"<br/> (November 1960) |
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| This single = "Heart and Soul"<br/> (April 1961) |
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| Next single = "For Sentimental Reasons/Deed I Do"<br/> (September 1961) |
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| Misc = {{External music video|{{YouTube|6OH7Ay1tvXs|"Heart and Soul (1961 Song)"}}}} |
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}} |
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{{R from alternative disambiguation}} |
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"'''Heart and Soul'''" by American [[doo-wop]] [[vocal group|group]] [[The Cleftones]] is a 1961 [[rhythm and blues]] rearrangement of the 1938 romantic-pop [[standard (music)|standard]] [[Heart and Soul (1938 song)|of the same name]]. After being released on April 17, 1961, "Heart and Soul" reached No. 18 on the [[Billboard Hot 100]] popular [[record chart|chart]] in July of that year, making the song The Cleftones' most successful work. About ten years later, the Cleftones' 1961 version of Heart and Soul appeared in the 1973 American comedy-drama film, ''[[American Graffiti]].'' |
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==History== |
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[[The Cleftones]] were a [[doo-wop]] [[vocal group|group]] formed in 1955 as The Silvertones at [[Jamaica High School (New York City)|Jamaica High School]] in [[Queens, New York]].<ref name= "Golden">{{Citation |at=sec. Pasco, p. 3 |work= [[Tampa Tribune]] |publication-date= April 4, 2008|title=Golden Oldies Take Stage At Chasco Fiesta |author= |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= http://www2.tbo.com/news/pasco/2008/apr/04/pa-golden-oldies-take-stage-at-chasco-fiesta-ar-132559}}</ref> Four years later in 1959, the group included Herbie Cox (lead singer), Charlie McGhee (James) (first tenor), Warren Corbin (bass guitar), Gene Pearson (baritone), and Pat Spann (vocals), the first and only female to sing with the group.<ref name= "Golden"/> By adding a female voice, the band moved away from conventional group-orientated 1950s doo-wop harmonies towards a sound where lead vocals came to dominate.<ref name="Erlewine">{{Citation |page=141 |title=All Music Guide to Soul: The Definitive Guide to R&B and Soul|editor=Vladimir Bogdanov |author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher= [[Hal Leonard Corporation]] |publication-date=2003 |isbn=0879307447| pages=899 |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=o552g5xRRiwC&pg=PA144&dq=%22Heart+and+Soul%22+Cleftones&hl=en&sa=X&ei=oh8NUaa9O-HL2QWzjoGoCQ&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Heart%20and%20Soul%22%20Cleftones&f=false}}</ref> The groups manager [[George Goldner]] additionally convinced the group that their future resided in re-recording existing songs that already had an established popularity.<ref name="Warner">{{Citation |page=119 |title=American Singing Groups: A History from 1940s to Today |author=Jay Warner |publisher= [[Hal Leonard Corporation]] |publication-date=2006 |isbn=0634099787| pages= 585|accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mTM_9JTeoMIC&pg=PA119&dq=%22Heart+and+Soul%22+Cleftones&hl=en&sa=X&ei=oh8NUaa9O-HL2QWzjoGoCQ&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Heart%20and%20Soul%22%20Cleftones&f=false}}</ref> By this time, Charles James had become more proficient on the guitar, and the group and Goldner used that to develop an arrangement for the 1938 romantic-pop [[Standard (music)|music standard]] "[[Heart and Soul (1938 song)|Heart and Soul]]," which had been a number one hit for [[trumpeter]] and American [[bandleader]] [[Larry Clinton|Larry Clinton and His Orchestra]].<ref>{{Citation |page=71 |title=Setting the Record Straight: The Music and Careers of Recording Artists from the 1950s and Early 1960s ... In Their Own Words|volume = 2 |author=Anthony M. Musso |publisher= [[AuthorHouse]] |publication-date=2008 |isbn=1438952929| pages=336 |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= http://www.google.com/search?q=Charles+James+guitar+%22heart+and+soul%22&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1#hl=en&tbo=d&tbm=bks&sclient=psy-ab&q=%22Charlie+was+very+instrumental+in+the+arrangement+because+he+was+playing+the+guitar%22&oq=%22Charlie+was+very+instrumental+in+the+arrangement+because+he+was+playing+the+guitar%22&gs_l=serp.3...53733.54332.3.54464.3.3.0.0.0.0.127.297.2j1.3.0...0.0...1c.1.2.serp.V3E1FNsZWRI&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&bvm=bv.41867550,d.b2I&fp=5b7f70d15b95279e&biw=1920&bih=883}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |page=139|title=The Rolling stone album guide: completely new reviews : every essential album, every essential artist |author= Anthony DeCurtis, James Henke, Holly George-Warren|edition=3|publisher= [[Random House]] |publication-date=1992 |isbn=0679737294| pages= 838|accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= http://www.google.com/#hl=en&q=%22a+song+that+dates+back+to+1931+when+it+was+a+Number+One+hit%22&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbo=u&tbm=bks&source=og&sa=N&tab=wp&ei=qUgNUZi1OorXyAGM4YDwDA&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&bvm=bv.41867550,d.b2I&fp=5b7f70d15b95279e&biw=1920&bih=883 }}</ref> |
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At that time, a local prominent [[disc jockey]] set up a recording session in [[Rochester, New York]] to record "Heart and Soul" and had arranged for singer Pat Spann's boyfriend [[Panama Francis]] to play drums and 15-year old/future [[Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media#1980s|Grammy Award]] winner Duane Hitchings to play keyboards on the song.<ref name="Wallstrom">{{Citation |work= RockUnited.com |publication-date=March 23, 2007 |title=Duane Hitchings, The Man Behind the Hits |author= Urban "Wally" Wallstrom |accessdate= January 18, 2013 |url= http://www.rockunited.com/hitchings.htm}}</ref> At the recording session, the group was presented with a rearrangement of Heart and Soul song that was somewhat more formal than they had practiced.<ref name= "Doo-Wop">{{Citation |at=sec. TGIF, p. 15 |work= [[Palm Beach Post]] |publication-date=August 3, 1990 |title='50s Doo-Wop Collection Offers Alternative To Rap |author= Terry Atkinson|accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= }}</ref> From that, the group imparted a variety of unexpected [[rhythm]]s to give the song a [[Syncopation|syncopated]] feel.<ref>{{Citation |at=sec. Entertainment, p. B4 |work= [[Windsor Star]] |publication-date= February 2, 2002|title=Playbill |author=John Laycock |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= }}</ref> At some point during the recording session, the drummer caught singer Pat in the closet with base guitar player Warren, which abruptly ended the recording session.<ref name="Wallstrom"/> As a result, the last track recorded at the session was used as the "Heart and Soul" record.<ref name="Wallstrom"/> |
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"Heart and Soul" sat undistributed until 1961.<ref name="Glover">{{Citation |page=3 |work= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard Music Week]] |publication-date=April 17, 1961 |issn=0006-2510|volume = 73 |issue=15 |title=Glover Named A.&R. Chief for Gee Label|quote=[[Henry Glover]] was named artist and repertoire | pages=58 |accessdate= January 30, 2013 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-yAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=%22The+label%27s+first+release,+%22Heart+and+Soul%22%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-DwJUd-BPZHtqAGlgoGIBQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22The%20label%27s%20first%20release%2C%20%22Heart%20and%20Soul%22%22&f=false}}</ref> In early April of that year, [[Roulette Records]] president [[Morris Levy]] reactivated [[New York]]-based American [[record label]] [[Gee Records]] as a division of Roulette Records and made "Heart and Soul" the reactivated label's first release.<ref name="Glover"/> That same month, American news magazine [[Billboard (magazine)|Bilboard Music Week]] review panel listed "The Cleftones; Heart and Soul ([[Famous Music|Famous]], [[American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers|ASCAP]]) (1:52) Gee" as one of seventeen "Pick Hits" from all songs released in the week of April 17, 1961.<ref>{{Citation |page=38 |work= [[Billboard (magazine)|Bilboard Music Week]] |publication-date=April 17, 1961 |issn=0006-2510|volume = 73 |issue=15 |title=Pick Hits| pages=58 |accessdate= January 30, 2013 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-yAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=%22Heart+and+Soul+(Famous,+ASCAP)+(1:52)+Gee%22&source=bl&ots=N-hPyhbQ8j&sig=crRkg1UULEpIQrNRy8upA-6D18U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=pD0JUdWQI8O7qgH994DoBQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Heart%20and%20Soul%20(Famous%2C%20ASCAP)%20(1%3A52)%20Gee%22&f=false}}</ref> Under its "Spotlight Winners of the Week" column, Billboard identified the song as having the strongest sales potential of all records reviewed for the week, commenting about The Cleftones and "Heart and Soul," {{quote|text=This was a hit group a few seasons back and this rendition could bring them back into the action. It's the standard tune and it's done in rocking, teen-slanted fashion with a swinging beat. This could happen. Flip is "How Do You Feel" (Tyrol, BMI) (2:00)<ref>"How do you feel?", by members of the Cleftones, w & m Herbert Cox, Gene Pearson, pseud. of Joshua Leviston & James Kendis a.k.a. Charles James, [http://www.copyrightencyclopedia.com/how-do-you-feel-w-and-m-herbert-cox-gene-pearson-pseud-of/|U.S. Copyright Registration Number EU0000664598], Date: 1961-03-31, where Adolph Tiedmann, through the estate of James Kendis a.k.a. Charles James is the copyright holder of "How do you feel?"</ref> Gee 1064."<ref>{{Citation |page=30 |work= [[Billboard (magazine)|Bilboard Music Week]] |publication-date=April 17, 1961 |issn=0006-2510|volume = 73 |issue=15 |title=Spotlight Winners of the Week| pages=58 |accessdate= January 30, 2013 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-yAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA30&dq=%22This+was+a+hit+group+a+few+seasons+back%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VD0JUfmfLseWqAGasoCABw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22This%20was%20a%20hit%20group%20a%20few%20seasons%20back%22&f=false}}</ref>}} |
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Approximately two months later on July 3, 1961, "Heart and Soul" reached No. 18 on the [[Billboard Hot 100]] popular [[record chart|chart]],<ref>{{Citation |page=18 |work= [[Billboard (magazine)|Bilboard Music Week]] |publication-date=July 3, 1961 |issn=0006-2510|volume = 73 |issue=26 |title=The Nation's Top Tunes Honor Roll of Hits for the Week Ending July 9, 1961 | pages=42 |accessdate= January 30, 2013 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ESMEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA18&dq=%22Heart+and+Soul%22+%22Branch+Manager%22+billboard&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qEUNUe-oD87q2wWZvIAo&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Heart%20and%20Soul%22%20%22Branch%20Manager%22%20billboard&f=false}}</ref> and No. 10 on the more specific, Billboard Hot 100 rhythm and blues chart.<ref name="Golden"/><ref name="Warner"/><ref>{{Citation |at=sec. Pasco Times, p. 5 |work= [[St Petersburg Times]] |publication-date=September 28, 2001 |title=Doo-wop tour to rock New Port Richey |author=Barbara L. Fredricksen |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url=http://www.sptimes.com/News/092801/Pasco/Doo_wop_tour_to_rock_.shtml}}</ref> The song eventually sold approximately 350,000 copies for Gee/Roulette.<ref>{{Citation |work=New York City's C & C: The Cadillacs and The Cleftones |publication-date= 2013|issue=19|title=Heart And Soul - The Story of The Cleftones|part=two|publisher =DooWop Nation|accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url=http://home.earthlink.net/~jaymar41/cleftonestoo.html}}</ref> However, the [[British Invasion]] of the mid-1960s began to dominate popular music in the [[United States]] and the doo-wop Cleftones broke up in 1964, with "Heart and Soul" being their greatest success.<ref name="Erlewine"/> Almost a decade later, the Cleftones' 1961 version of Heart and Soul appeared in the 1973 American comedy-drama film, ''[[American Graffiti]].''<ref>{{Citation |at=sec. News, p. B1 |work= [[The Republican]] |publication-date= March 25, 2004|title=Duo wants folks in WMass to bop to doo wop |author=Tom Shea |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= }}</ref> |
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Music critic Terry Atkinson of the [[Palm Beach Post]] observed in 1990 that "Heart and Soul" is the song for which the Cleftones are best remembered.<ref name= "Doo-Wop"/> In 1999, American [[music critic]] [[Dave Marsh]] listed The Cleftones' "Heart and Soul" as No. 913 in his book, ''The Heart of Rock & Soul: The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made.''<ref>{{Citation |page=579 |title=The Heart of Rock & Soul: The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made |author=[[Dave Marsh]] |publisher= [[Da Capo Press]] |publication-date=1999 |isbn=030680901X| pages= 717|accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=5t5DYDniSHEC&pg=PA579&dq=%22Heart+and+Soul%22+Cleftones&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MzgNUa7KJsex2QWsyoDIDQ&sqi=2&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22Heart%20and%20Soul%22%20Cleftones&f=false }}</ref> About thirteen years later in 2012, American author and essayist Ray Schuck noted that the lyrics -- "Well, I know that you're in love with him, 'cause I saw you dancing in the gym/You both kicked off your shoes - man, I dig those rhythm and blues."—from the 1972 song "[[American Pie (song)|American Pie]] by American [[folk rock]] singer-songwriter [[Don McLean]] could be a vaguely disguised reference to the Cleftones' 1961 rhythm and blues song, "Heart and Soul."<ref name="Believe">{{Citation |page=56 |title= Do You Believe in Rock and Roll?: Essays on Don Mclean's American Pie|author=Raymond I. Schuck |publisher= [[McFarland & Company|McFarland]] |publication-date=2012 |isbn=1476600368| pages=209 |accessdate= February 2, 2013 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=ri4TR522ONQC&pg=PA56&dq=%22Heart+and+Soul%22+Cleftones&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WUkNUZ2eEOjB2QW9-YD4Aw&ved=0CFcQ6AEwBjgo#v=onepage&q=%22Heart%20and%20Soul%22%20Cleftones&f=false}}</ref> In his essay, Schuck argued that such as reference would "[[Wiktionary:segue#Verb|segue]] nicely into the verses comprising the remainder of this [[stanza]], albeit with a disappointing outcome."<ref name="Believe"/> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Heart and Soul (1938 song)]] |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* {{Citation |work=New York City's C & C: The Cadillacs and The Cleftones |publication-date= 2013|issue=19|title=Heart And Soul - The Story of The Cleftones|part=two|publisher =DooWop Nation |url=http://home.earthlink.net/~jaymar41/cleftonestoo.html}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Heart and Soul}} |
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[[Category:1961 singles]] |
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[[Category:American rhythm and blues songs]] |
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[[Category:Doo-wop songs]] |
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[[Category:Songs written by Frank Loesser]] |
Latest revision as of 10:37, 16 March 2020
- From other disambiguation: This is a redirect from a title with an alternative disambiguation qualifier of the target name.
- The disambiguation of these page names is not incorrect, incomplete nor unnecessary. For those redirects use {{R from incorrect disambiguation}}, {{R from incomplete disambiguation}} or {{R from unnecessary disambiguation}} instead.