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'''HMS ''Derwent''''' was a {{sclass2-|Hunt|destroyer|0}} Type III [[destroyer escort]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. She was built by [[Vickers-Armstrongs]], [[Barrow-in-Furness]] and served during the [[World War II|Second World War]]. |
'''HMS ''Derwent''''' was a {{sclass2-|Hunt|destroyer|0}} Type III [[destroyer escort]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. She was built by [[Vickers-Armstrongs]], in [[Barrow-in-Furness]] and served during the [[World War II|Second World War]]. ''Derwent'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]]on 12 December 1940, was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 22 August 1941 and was completed on 24 April 1942. |
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The "Hunt" class were named after British [[fox hunting|fox]] and [[Deer hunting#United_Kingdom and Republic of Ireland|stag]] hunts, in this case, the Derwent hunt [[Ryedale]], [[North Yorkshire]].<ref>[http://ww2today.com/28th-may-1942-a-guessing-game-u-boat-hunt-in-the-mediterranean The 'Hunt' class destroyer at WW2Today.com]</ref> In February 1942, she was adopted by the civil community of [[Easthampstead]], [[Berkshire]] after a successful National Savings campaign.<ref>[http://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DE-Derwent.htm HMS Derwent at naval-history.net]</ref> |
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==Construction and design== |
==Construction and design== |
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''Derwent'' was one of |
''Derwent'' was one of 27, Type III's and this third batch forfeited 'Y' gun turret for a pair of [[British 21 inch torpedo|21-inch]] [[torpedo tube]]s amidships, to increase their anti-shipping punch and the main [[searchlight]] was moved to the aft [[shelter deck]].<ref name="huntsp7,12">{{Harvnb|English|1987|pp=7, 12}}</ref><ref name="lentonv2 p83,5">{{Harvnb|Lenton|1970|pp=83, 85}}</ref> The Type may also be identified by a straight funnel with a sloping top and the foremast had no [[Rake (angle)|rake]]. |
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She was armed with four [[quick-firing gun|quick-firing]] 4-inch Mk XVI [[Dual-purpose gun|dual-purpose]] guns in two twin mounts, two 21 inch torpedo tubes in a single, twin mount, with a quadruple 2-pounder "pom-pom" and Oerlikon 20 mm cannons for defence against aircraft. Anti-submarine armament consisted of stern-mounted [https://ussslater.org/depth-charge-racks depth charge racks] and four [[Depth charge#Delivery mechanisms|depth charge throwers]] with a total of 110 depth charges carried. [[Type 291 radar|Type 291]] and [[Type 285 radar]]s were fitted, as was Type 128 [[sonar]]. |
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The Type III Hunts were {{convert|264|ft|3|in|m}} long [[length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]] and {{convert|280|ft|m|2}} [[length overall|overall]], with a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] was {{convert|31|ft|6|in|m}} and [[Draught (hull)|draught]] {{convert|7|ft|9|in|m}}. Displacement was {{convert|1050|LT|t|lk=on}} [[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]] and {{convert|1490|LT|t}} under full load. Two [[Three-drum boiler#Admiralty boiler|Admiralty boilers]] raising steam at {{convert|300|psi}} and {{convert|620|F}} fed [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] single-reduction geared [[steam turbines]] that drove two propeller shafts, generating {{convert|19000|shp}} at 380 rpm. This gave a design maximum speed of {{convert|27|kn}}.<ref name="lentonv2 p97">{{Harvnb|Lenton|1970|p=97}}</ref> {{convert|345|LT}} of oil fuel were carried, giving a range of {{convert|3700|nmi}} at {{convert|15|kn}}.<ref name="Whitley p147">{{Harvnb|Whitley|2000|p=147}}</ref> |
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Main gun armament was four [[QF 4-inch naval gun Mk XVI|4 inch (102 mm) QF Mk XVI]] dual purpose (anti-ship and anti-aircraft) guns in two twin mounts, with a quadruple [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|2-pounder "pom-pom"]] and three [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon]] providing close-in anti-aircraft fire.<ref name="Conways22 p46">{{Harvnb|Gardiner|Chesneau|1980|p=46}}</ref><ref name="lentonv2 p97"/> Two {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s were fitted in a single twin mount, while two [[depth charge]] chutes, four depth charge throwers and 70 depth charges comprised the ship's anti-submarine armament. [[Type 291 radar|Type 291]] and [[Type 285 radar]]s were fitted, as was Type 128 [[sonar]].<ref name="Conways22 p46"/><ref name="huntsp12-3">{{Harvnb|English|1987|pp=12–13}}</ref> |
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''Derwent'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at [[Vickers Armstrong]]'s [[Barrow-in-Furness]] shipyard on 12 December 1940, was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 22 August 1941 and was completed on 24 April 1942.<ref name="huntsp17"/><ref name="friedp331">{{Harvnb|Friedman|2008|p=331}}</ref> |
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==Service history== |
==Service history== |
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"Derwent" completed acceptance trials, calibrations and worked-up with her crew during May of 1942 before joining convoy WS19P in [[Firth of Clyde|Clyde]] for Atlantic passage. In August she joined the escort for Malta relief convoy WS21S during [[Operation Pedestal]] along with four other Hunt class destroyers from Home Fleet; HMS's ''[[HMS Bramham|Brabham]]'', ''[[HMS Bicester (L34)|Bicester]]'', ''[[HMS Ledbury (L90)|Lebury]]'' and ''[[HMS Wilton (L128)|Wilton]]'' as Force X, Close Escort and was slated to remain with the convoy during passage through the [[Sicilian Narrows]] to [[Grand Harbour]] (Port of Valletta), Malta. |
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[[File:British Destroyer Fires a Torpedo, and Brings It Back Again. 25 November 1942, in the Indian Ocean Aboard HMS Derwent. a British Destroyer Carried Out a Torpedo Exercise and Afterwards Recovered the Torpedo. A13695.jpg|left|thumb|HMS ''Derwent'' carrying out a Torpedo Exercise in the Indian Ocean 25 November 1942 (IWM A13695)]] |
[[File: British Destroyer Fires a Torpedo, and Brings It Back Again. 25 November 1942, in the Indian Ocean Aboard HMS Derwent. a British Destroyer Carried Out a Torpedo Exercise and Afterwards Recovered the Torpedo. A13695.jpg|left|thumb|HMS ''Derwent'' carrying out a Torpedo Exercise in the Indian Ocean 25 November 1942 (IWM A13695)]] |
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On 19 March 1943 while anchored in [[Tripoli]] harbour, [[Libya]], ''Derwent'' was hit by a [[Motobomba]] (pattern-running torpedo) launched by an Italian aircraft.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = La sorprendente storia della motobomba FFF|last = Ciampaglia|first = Giuseppe|date = July 1999|journal = Rivista Italiana Difesa|language = Italian}}</ref> Another, more specific source, says the destroyer was damaged by I./[[KG 54]] and [[KG 77]], which also sank the ''Ocean Voyager'' (7,174 [[gross register tonnage|grt]]), Greek steamer ''Vavara'' (1,654 grt).<ref>Smith, Kindell and Bertke 2012, p. 68.</ref> |
On 19 March 1943 while anchored in [[Tripoli]] harbour, [[Libya]], ''Derwent'' was hit by a [[Motobomba]] (pattern-running torpedo) launched by an Italian aircraft.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = La sorprendente storia della motobomba FFF|last = Ciampaglia|first = Giuseppe|date = July 1999|journal = Rivista Italiana Difesa|language = Italian}}</ref> Another, more specific source, says the destroyer was damaged by I./[[KG 54]] and [[KG 77]], which also sank the ''Ocean Voyager'' (7,174 [[gross register tonnage|grt]]), Greek steamer ''Vavara'' (1,654 grt).<ref>Smith, Kindell and Bertke 2012, p. 68.</ref> |
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''Derwent'' was beached to prevent her from sinking and was later temporarily repaired and towed to England. Some repairs were carried out, but the decision was taken to suspend work in January 1945 and she was reduced to the reserve, and finally scrapped in 1947. |
''Derwent'' was beached to prevent her from sinking and was later temporarily repaired and towed to England. Some repairs were carried out, but the decision was taken to suspend work in January 1945 and she was reduced to the reserve, and finally scrapped in 1947. |
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During her service, nine members of her crew were listed as being killed in action.<ref>[http://hmscavalier.org.uk/casualtySearch.php?surname=&forenames=&ship=HMS+Derwent Causality list of those killed aboard HMS Derwent]</ref> |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
Revision as of 10:19, 7 November 2020
History | |
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United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Derwent |
Ordered | 4 July 1940 |
Builder | Vickers-Armstrongs, Barrow-in-Furness |
Laid down | 29 December 1940 |
Launched | 22 August 1941 |
Commissioned | 24 April 1942 |
Identification | Pennant number: L83 |
Honours and awards |
|
Fate | Scrapped in 1947 |
Badge | On a Field Blue, a stirrup Gold, over a rose White and two wings also White |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Template:Sclass2- destroyer |
Displacement | 1,050 tons standard; 1,435 tons full load |
Length | 280 ft (85 m) |
Beam | 33 ft 4 in (10.16 m) |
Draught | 8 ft 3 in (2.51 m) |
Propulsion |
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Speed | 27 knots (25½ knots full) |
Range | 2,350 nmi (4,350 km) at 20 knots (37 km/h) |
Complement | 168 |
Armament |
|
HMS Derwent was a Template:Sclass2- Type III destroyer escort of the Royal Navy. She was built by Vickers-Armstrongs, in Barrow-in-Furness and served during the Second World War. Derwent was laid downon 12 December 1940, was launched on 22 August 1941 and was completed on 24 April 1942.
The "Hunt" class were named after British fox and stag hunts, in this case, the Derwent hunt Ryedale, North Yorkshire.[1] In February 1942, she was adopted by the civil community of Easthampstead, Berkshire after a successful National Savings campaign.[2]
Construction and design
Derwent was one of 27, Type III's and this third batch forfeited 'Y' gun turret for a pair of 21-inch torpedo tubes amidships, to increase their anti-shipping punch and the main searchlight was moved to the aft shelter deck.[3][4] The Type may also be identified by a straight funnel with a sloping top and the foremast had no rake.
She was armed with four quick-firing 4-inch Mk XVI dual-purpose guns in two twin mounts, two 21 inch torpedo tubes in a single, twin mount, with a quadruple 2-pounder "pom-pom" and Oerlikon 20 mm cannons for defence against aircraft. Anti-submarine armament consisted of stern-mounted depth charge racks and four depth charge throwers with a total of 110 depth charges carried. Type 291 and Type 285 radars were fitted, as was Type 128 sonar.
Service history
"Derwent" completed acceptance trials, calibrations and worked-up with her crew during May of 1942 before joining convoy WS19P in Clyde for Atlantic passage. In August she joined the escort for Malta relief convoy WS21S during Operation Pedestal along with four other Hunt class destroyers from Home Fleet; HMS's Brabham, Bicester, Lebury and Wilton as Force X, Close Escort and was slated to remain with the convoy during passage through the Sicilian Narrows to Grand Harbour (Port of Valletta), Malta.
On 19 March 1943 while anchored in Tripoli harbour, Libya, Derwent was hit by a Motobomba (pattern-running torpedo) launched by an Italian aircraft.[5] Another, more specific source, says the destroyer was damaged by I./KG 54 and KG 77, which also sank the Ocean Voyager (7,174 grt), Greek steamer Vavara (1,654 grt).[6]
Derwent was beached to prevent her from sinking and was later temporarily repaired and towed to England. Some repairs were carried out, but the decision was taken to suspend work in January 1945 and she was reduced to the reserve, and finally scrapped in 1947.
During her service, nine members of her crew were listed as being killed in action.[7]
Notes
- ^ The 'Hunt' class destroyer at WW2Today.com
- ^ HMS Derwent at naval-history.net
- ^ English 1987, pp. 7, 12
- ^ Lenton 1970, pp. 83, 85
- ^ Ciampaglia, Giuseppe (July 1999). "La sorprendente storia della motobomba FFF". Rivista Italiana Difesa (in Italian).
- ^ Smith, Kindell and Bertke 2012, p. 68.
- ^ Causality list of those killed aboard HMS Derwent
Publications
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- English, John (1987). The Hunts: A history of the design, development and careers of the 86 destroyers of this class built for the Royal and Allied Navies during World War II. World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-44-4.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Friedman, Norman (2008). British Destroyers and Frigates: The Second World War and After. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-015-4.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Lenton, H.T. (1970). Navies of the Second World War: British Fleet & Escort Destroyers Volume Two. London: Macdonald & Co. ISBN 0-356-03122-5.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Shores, Christopher; Massimello, Giovanni; Guest, Russell; Olynyk, Frank; Bock, Winfried (2016). A History of the Mediterranean Air War 1940–1945: Volume Three: Tunisia and the End in Africa: November 1942 – May 1943. London: Grub Street. ISBN 978-1-910690-00-0.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Whitley, M. J. (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell & Co. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)