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{{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians --> |
{{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians --> |
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| Name |
| Name = Gwen Stefani |
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| Img |
| Img = <!-- EDITORS: ONLY USE FREE IMAGES -->GwenStefaniJonesBeach.jpg |
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| Img_capt |
| Img_capt = Gwen Stefani performing "[[What You Waiting For?]]" during [[The Sweet Escape Tour]]. |
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| Img_size |
| Img_size = |
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| Landscape |
| Landscape = |
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| Background |
| Background = solo_singer |
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| Birth_name |
| Birth_name = Gwen Renée Stefani |
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| Born |
| Born = {{birth date and age|1969|10|3}}<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Fullerton, California|Fullerton]], [[California]], [[United States]] |
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| Died |
| Died = |
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| Origin |
| Origin = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Anaheim]], [[California]], [[United States]] |
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| Instrument |
| Instrument = |
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| Genre |
| Genre = [[Pop music|Pop]], [[dance-pop]], [[pop rock]], [[New Wave music|New Wave]], [[pop rap]], [[ska punk]], [[contemporary R&B|R&B]] |
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| Occupation |
| Occupation = [[Singer]], [[songwriter]], [[fashion design]]er, [[actress]] |
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| Years_active |
| Years_active = 1986 – present |
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| Label |
| Label = [[Interscope]] |
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| Associated_acts |
| Associated_acts = [[No Doubt]] |
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| URL |
| URL = [http://www.gwenstefani.com/ GwenStefani.com] |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Gwen Renée Stefani''' (born [[October 3]], [[1969]]) ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA pronunciation]]: {{IPA|[gwɛn stɛ'fɑn.ni]}}<ref>See [http://inogolo.com/pronunciation/d1158/Gwen_Stefani inogolo:pronunciation of Gwen Stefani].</ref>) is an [[United States|American]] [[singer]], [[songwriter]], [[fashion design]]er and occasional [[actress]]. Stefani debuted in 1992 as the frontwoman of the [[third wave ska]] band [[No Doubt]], whose 1995 album ''[[Tragic Kingdom]]'' propelled them to stardom, selling sixteen million copies worldwide. It spawned the singles "[[Just a Girl]]", "[[Spiderwebs]]", and the airplay number-one "[[Don't Speak]]". The band's popularity went into decline with its third album ''[[Return of Saturn]]'' (2000), but ''[[Rock Steady (album)|Rock Steady]]'' (2001) introduced [[dancehall]] and [[reggae]] production into its music, which generally received positive reviews. |
'''Gwen Renée Stefani''' (born [[October 3]], [[1969]]) ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA pronunciation]]: {{IPA|[gwɛn stɛ'fɑn.ni]}}<ref>See [http://inogolo.com/pronunciation/d1158/Gwen_Stefani inogolo:pronunciation of Gwen Stefani].</ref>) is an [[United States|American]] [[singer]], [[songwriter]], [[fashion design]]er and occasional [[actress]]. Stefani debuted in 1992 as the frontwoman of the [[third wave ska]] band [[No Doubt]], whose 1995 album ''[[Tragic Kingdom]]'' propelled them to stardom, selling sixteen million copies worldwide. It spawned the singles "[[Just a Girl]]", "[[Spiderwebs]]", and the airplay number-one "[[Don't Speak]]". The band's popularity went into decline with its third album ''[[Return of Saturn]]'' (2000), but ''[[Rock Steady (album)|Rock Steady]]'' (2001) introduced [[dancehall]] and [[reggae]] production into its music, which generally received positive reviews. |
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Stefani recorded her first solo album ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' in 2004. The album was primarily inspired by music of the 1980s, taking Stefani's work further into [[pop music|pop]], [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]], and [[dance music]],<ref name="nme">Murison, Krissi. |
Stefani recorded her first solo album ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' in 2004. The album was primarily inspired by music of the 1980s, taking Stefani's work further into [[pop music|pop]], [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]], and [[dance music]],<ref name="nme">Murison, Krissi. [http://www.nme.com/reviews/gwen-stefani/7561 "Gwen Stefani : Love Angel Music Baby"]. ''[[NME]]''. Retrieved [[May 10]], [[2007]].</ref> and enjoyed international success with sales of over seven million.<ref name="hb"/> The album's third single "[[Hollaback Girl]]" became the first U.S. digital download to sell one million copies.<ref name="RSMillion">Hiatt, Brian. [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/gwenstefani/articles/story/9161846/stefani_peas_lead_singles_boom "Stefani, Peas Lead Singles Boom"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. [[January 19]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[May 13]] [[2007]].</ref> Stefani's second solo album ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' (2006) yielded "[[Wind It Up (Gwen Stefani song)|Wind It Up]]", a moderate worldwide success.<ref name=winditupcharts>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/billboard_hot_100/2006/46 "''Billboard'' Hot 100 (46/2006): Charts"]. Music Square. Retrieved [[April 29]] [[2007]].</ref> Including her work with No Doubt, Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide.<ref>McGibbon, Rob. [http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,21706422-5006011,00.html "No natural born popstar"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''. [[May 13]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[June 10]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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In the media, Stefani is known as a fashion trendsetter.<ref>''Back in Love'': "Fashionistas". [[MuchMoreMusic]] programming. Original airdate: September 2006. Retrieved [[November 13]], [[2006]].</ref> |
In the media, Stefani is known as a fashion trendsetter.<ref>''Back in Love'': "Fashionistas". [[MuchMoreMusic]] programming. Original airdate: September 2006. Retrieved [[November 13]], [[2006]].</ref> In 2003, she debuted her clothing line [[L.A.M.B.]] and expanded her collection with the 2005 [[Harajuku Lovers]] line. Drawing inspiration from [[Japanese culture]] and [[Japanese fashion|fashion]], Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the [[Harajuku Girls]], and has drawn accusations of racism for the subject. She married [[post-grunge]] musician [[Gavin Rossdale]] in 2002, and the two have a son, Kingston, who was born in 2006. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Gwen Stefani was born and raised in [[Fullerton, California|Fullerton]], [[California]],<ref name="AMG">Jeffries, David. |
Gwen Stefani was born and raised in [[Fullerton, California|Fullerton]], [[California]],<ref name="AMG">Jeffries, David. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:hvfixquhldde~T10 "Gwen Stefani > Biography"]. [[All Music Guide]]. Retrieved [[April 14]], [[2007]].</ref> and grew up in a [[Roman Catholic]] household.<ref name="vogue">Van Meter, Jonathan. [http://www.style.com/vogue/feature/032204/page2.html "The First Lady of Rock"]. ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' (April 2004). Retrieved from [[Style.com]] [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> Her mother named her Gwen after a stewardess in the 1968 novel ''[[Airport (novel)|Airport]]'', and her middle name, Renée, comes from [[The Four Tops]]' 1968 cover of [[The Left Banke]]'s 1966 hit song "[[Walk Away Renée]]".<ref name="name">''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', issue 910. Page 94, sidebar. [[December 8]], [[2006]].</ref> Her father Dennis Stefani is [[Italian American]] and works as a Yamaha marketing executive. Her mother Patti Flynn is of [[Republic of Ireland|Irish]] and [[Scotland|Scottish]] descent and worked as an [[accountant]] before becoming a [[homemaker]].<ref name="family">[http://www.eonline.com/celebrities/profile/?uuid=8b46d708-c337-4a28-91e6-6063b67fedb0 "Gwen Stefani - Profile"]. [[E!]]. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref><ref name="parents">[http://www.elle.com/coverstory/10142/gwen-stefani.html "Escape Artist"]. ''[[ELLE]]'', issue 258, page 220. [[February 7]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[January 25]], [[2007]].</ref> Gwen's parents were fans of [[folk music]] and presented music by [[Bob Dylan]] and [[Emmylou Harris]] to her.<ref name="vogue"/> Gwen is the second oldest of four children; she has a younger sister Jill, a younger brother Todd, and an older brother [[Eric Stefani|Eric]].<ref name="vogue"/><ref name="family"/> Eric was the keyboardist for [[No Doubt]], but left the band to pursue a career in animation on ''[[The Simpsons]]''.<ref name="AMG"/> |
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Many of the women in Gwen's family were [[seamstress]]es, and much of her clothing was made by her or her mother. |
Many of the women in Gwen's family were [[seamstress]]es, and much of her clothing was made by her or her mother. As a child, Stefani's musical interests consisted of musicals such as ''[[The Sound of Music]]'' and ''[[Evita (musical)|Evita]]''. After making a [[demo tape]] for her father, she was encouraged not to take music lessons to train her "loopy, unpredictable" voice.<ref name="vogue"/> Stefani's first on-stage performance came during a talent show at [[Loara High School]], where she sang "I Have Confidence" from ''The Sound of Music'' in a self-made [[tweed (cloth)|tweed]] dress inspired by one from the film.<ref name="hb">Collis, Clark. [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1562569,00.html "Holla Back"]. ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', issue 909. [[November 22]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref><ref name="guardian">[http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,1402498,00.html "'I'll cry just talking about it'"]. ''[[The Observer]]''. [[January 30]], [[2005]]. Retrieved from ''[[Guardian Unlimited]]'' [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani was on the [[swimming|swim]] team at Loara,<ref>Hancock, Noelle. [http://www.usmagazine.com/gwen_stefani_and_elle "Gwen Talks Blobs and Plastic Surgery"]. ''[[Us Weekly]]''. [[January 30]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[April 27]], [[2007]].</ref> and she worked scrubbing floors at a [[Dairy Queen]] and later at the makeup counter of a department store.<ref>"Gwen Stefani". ''It's Good to Be...'' [[E! Entertainment Television]]. [[March 28]], [[2004]].</ref> After graduating from high school in 1987,<ref name="guardian"/> she began attending [[California State University, Fullerton]].<ref name="hello">[http://www.hellomagazine.com/profiles/gwenstefani/ "Gwen Stefani"]. [[Hello!]]. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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==Music career== |
==Music career== |
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=== |
===1986 – present: No Doubt=== |
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{{Main article|No Doubt}} |
{{Main article|No Doubt}} |
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Eric introduced Gwen to [[2 Tone]] music by [[Madness (band)|Madness]] and [[The Selecter]], and in 1986 he invited her to provide vocals for No Doubt, a [[ska]] band he was forming.<ref name="AMG"/> |
Eric introduced Gwen to [[2 Tone]] music by [[Madness (band)|Madness]] and [[The Selecter]], and in 1986 he invited her to provide vocals for No Doubt, a [[ska]] band he was forming.<ref name="AMG"/> The band released its [[No Doubt (No Doubt album)|self-titled debut album]] in 1992, but its ska-[[pop music|pop]] sound was unsuccessful due to the popularity of [[grunge]].<ref>Bush, John. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:jpfqxqw5ld6e~T10 "No Doubt > Biography"]. [[All Music Guide]]. Retrieved [[April 14]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani rejected the aggressiveness of female grunge artists and cited [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]] singer [[Debbie Harry]]'s combination of power and sex appeal as a major influence.<ref name="anniversary">Strauss, Neil. [http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939747/no_doubts_anniversary_party/ "No Doubt's Anniversary Party"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. [[January 31]], [[2002]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> No Doubt's third album ''[[Tragic Kingdom]]'' (1995), which followed the self-released ''[[The Beacon Street Collection]]'' (1995), took more than three years to make. During this time, the band almost split up because of the failed romantic relationship between Stefani and bandmate [[Tony Kanal]].<ref>Ali, Lorraine. [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5783821/site/newsweek/ "It's My Life"]. ''[[Newsweek]]''. 2004. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> Their break-up inspired Stefani lyrically, and many of the album's songs, such as "[[Don't Speak]]", "[[Sunday Morning (No Doubt song)|Sunday Morning]]", and "Hey You", chronicle their relationship and her happiness.<ref>[http://www.muchmusic.com/insidemuch/stuff/gwen_and_tony_still_cool.asp "Gwen & Tony: Still Cool"]. [[CHUM Limited]]. [[July 19]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[January 25]], [[2007]].</ref> Five singles were released from ''Tragic Kingdom'' and "Don't Speak" led 1996's U.S. year-end [[airplay (radio)|airplay]] chart.<ref>[http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1997/bbyearend.htm "Billboard Year-End Chart-Toppers: 1997"]. [[Rock on the Net]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani left college for one semester to tour for ''Tragic Kingdom'' but did not return when touring lasted two and a half years.<ref name="vogue"/> The album sold more than sixteen million copies worldwide,<ref name="vogue"/> and received several [[Grammy Award]] nominations.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/9801/06/grammys.list/index.html "List of Grammy award nominations"]. [[CNN]]. [[January 6]], [[1998]]. Retrieved [[April 30]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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[[Image:Gwen-Stefani.jpg|thumb|175px|left|Stefani performing with [[No Doubt]] in 2002.]] |
[[Image:Gwen-Stefani.jpg|thumb|175px|left|Stefani performing with [[No Doubt]] in 2002.]] |
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No Doubt released the less popular ''[[Return of Saturn]]'' in 2000, which expands upon the [[New Wave music|New Wave]] influences of ''Tragic Kingdom''.<ref>[[Stephen Thomas Erlewine|Erlewine, Stephen Thomas]]. |
No Doubt released the less popular ''[[Return of Saturn]]'' in 2000, which expands upon the [[New Wave music|New Wave]] influences of ''Tragic Kingdom''.<ref>[[Stephen Thomas Erlewine|Erlewine, Stephen Thomas]]. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:wbfixqlkld6e~T10 "Return of Saturn > Review"]. [[All Music Guide]]. Retrieved [[April 27]], [[2007]].</ref> Most of the lyrical content focuses on Stefani's often rocky relationship with then-[[Bush (band)|Bush]] frontman [[Gavin Rossdale]] and her overall insecurities, including indecision on settling down and having a child.<ref>Willman, Chris. [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,276102,00.html "Future Tense?"]. ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', issue 539. [[May 12]], [[2000]]. Retrieved [[April 27]], [[2007]].</ref> The band's 2001 album ''[[Rock Steady (album)|Rock Steady]]'' explores more [[reggae]] and [[dancehall]] sounds while maintaining the band's New Wave influences, generally receiving positive reviews from music critics.<ref>Cinquemani, Sal. [http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/music_review.asp?ID=146 "Music Review: No Doubt: ''Rock Steady''"]. ''[[Slant Magazine]]''. 2004. Retrieved [[April 30]], [[2007]].</ref> The album generated career-highest singles chart positions in the United States,<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:jpfqxqw5ld6e~T51 "No Doubt > Charts & Awards > Billboard Singles"]. [[All Music Guide]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> and "[[Hey Baby (No Doubt song)|Hey Baby]]" and "[[Underneath It All]]" received Grammy Awards. A greatest hits collection, ''[[The Singles 1992-2003]]'', which includes a [[cover version|cover]] of [[Talk Talk]]'s "[[It's My Life (Talk Talk song)|It's My Life]]", was released in 2003 to moderate sales. The other members of No Doubt have begun work on a new album<ref>Vineyard, Jennifer and Richard, Yasmine. [http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/no_doubt/artist.jhtml#/news/articles/1531578/20060511/no_doubt.jhtml "No Doubt — Minus Gwen — In Early Stages Of New Album"]. [[MTV News]]. [[May 12]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[December 19]], [[2006]].</ref> and plan to complete it after Stefani's tour is finished.<ref>Cohen, Jonathan. [http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003496213 "Stefani: No Timetable For No Doubt Reunion"]. ''[[Billboard]]''. [[December 12]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[December 31]], [[2006]].</ref> |
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Outside No Doubt, Stefani has collaborated on the singles "[[South Side (song)|South Side]]" and "[[Let Me Blow Ya Mind]]" with [[Moby]] and [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]], respectively. In 2002 Eve and Stefani won a Grammy Award for [[Best Rap/Sung Collaboration]] for "Let Me Blow Ya Mind".<ref>Armor, Jerry. [http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12026252 "Alicia Keys, U2 Big Winners At 44th Annual Grammy Awards"]. Yahoo! Music News. February 28, 2002. |
Outside No Doubt, Stefani has collaborated on the singles "[[South Side (song)|South Side]]" and "[[Let Me Blow Ya Mind]]" with [[Moby]] and [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]], respectively. In 2002 Eve and Stefani won a Grammy Award for [[Best Rap/Sung Collaboration]] for "Let Me Blow Ya Mind".<ref>Armor, Jerry. [http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12026252 "Alicia Keys, U2 Big Winners At 44th Annual Grammy Awards"]. Yahoo! Music News. February 28, 2002. Retrieved [[April 30]], [[2007]].</ref> She also collaborated with [[The Brian Setzer Orchestra]] on a cover of "You're the Boss", originally performed by [[Elvis Presley]] and [[Ann-Margret]], for its 1998 album ''[[The Dirty Boogie]]''. |
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=== |
===2004 – present: Solo career=== |
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====2004 – 2006: ''Love. Angel. Music. Baby.''==== |
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Stefani's debut solo album ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' was released in November 2004. The album features a large number of collaborations with producers and other artists, including Kanal, [[Linda Perry]], [[OutKast]]'s [[André 3000]], and [[The Neptunes]]. |
Stefani's debut solo album ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' was released in November 2004. The album features a large number of collaborations with producers and other artists, including Kanal, [[Linda Perry]], [[OutKast]]'s [[André 3000]], and [[The Neptunes]]. Stefani created the album to modernize the music to which she listened when in high school, and ''L.A.M.B.'' takes influence from a variety of music styles of the 1980s and early 1990s such as New Wave, [[new jack swing]], and [[electro (music)|electro]].<ref>Vineyard, Jennifer. [http://www.mtv.com/bands/s/stefani_gwen/news_feature_112204/ "Gwen Stefani: Scared Solo"]. [[MTV News]]. Retrieved [[April 23]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani's decision to use her solo career as an opportunity to delve further into pop music instead of trying "to convince the world of [her] talent, depth and artistic worth" was considered unusual.<ref name="nme"/> As a result, reviews of the album were mixed, and it was described as "fun as hell but…not exactly rife with subversive social commentary."<ref>Cinquemani, Sal. [http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/music_review.asp?ID=530 "Gwen Stefani: Love. Angel. Music. Baby."] ''[[Slant Magazine]]''. 2004. Retrieved [[June 4]], [[2007]].</ref> The album debuted on the U.S. [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] albums chart at number seven, selling 309,000 copies in its first week.<ref>Whitmire, Margo. [http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000728821 "U2's 'Bomb' Explodes At No. 1"]. ''[[Billboard]]''. [[December 1]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[March 13]], [[2007]].</ref> It sold well, reaching multi-platinum status in the [[United States]],<ref name="parents"/> the [[United Kingdom]],<ref>[http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinumright.asp?rq=search_plat&r_id=32308 "Platinum Awards Content"]. [[British Phonographic Industry]]. Retrieved [[April 23]], [[2007]].</ref> [[Australia]],<ref>[http://aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-albums-2005.htm "Accreditations - 2005 Albums"]. [[Australian Recording Industry Association]]. Retrieved [[April 23]], [[2007]].</ref> and [[Canada]].<ref>[http://www.cria.ca/gold/0406_g.php "Gold & Platinum Certification"]. [[Canadian Recording Industry Association]]. Retrieved [[April 23]], [[2007]].</ref> At the [[2005 Grammy Awards]], Stefani was nominated for [[Best Female Pop Vocal Performance]],<ref>[http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/awards_festivals/grammys/nominations/2005.jsp "47th Grammy winners and nominations"]. ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]''. Retrieved [[February 27]], [[2007]].</ref> and at the [[Grammy Awards of 2006|next year's awards]], Stefani received five nominations for [[Record of the Year]], [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]], Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, [[Best Pop Vocal Album]], and [[Best Rap/Sung Collaboration]].<ref>[http://www.ascap.com/eventsawards/awards/grammys/2006/nominees.html "ASCAP Members Receive Multiple Nominations for the 48th Annual Grammy Awards]. [[American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers]]. Retrieved [[February 27]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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[[Image:HollabackGirl.jpg|left|thumb|Stefani performing "[[Hollaback Girl]]" in November 2005.]] |
[[Image:HollabackGirl.jpg|left|thumb|Stefani performing "[[Hollaback Girl]]" in November 2005.]] |
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The first single released from the album was "[[What You Waiting For?]]", which charted outside the U.S. top forty, but reached the top ten on most other charts.<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/603 "Gwen Stefani - What You Waiting For?: Charts"]. |
The first single released from the album was "[[What You Waiting For?]]", which charted outside the U.S. top forty, but reached the top ten on most other charts.<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/603 "Gwen Stefani - What You Waiting For?: Charts"]. Music Square. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> The song served to explain why Stefani produced a solo album and discusses her fears in leaving No Doubt for a solo career<ref>Vineyard, Jennifer. [http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1493633/20041110/stefani_gwen.jhtml "Gwen Stefani's Debut Solo LP Inspired By Insecurity And Japan"]. [[MTV News]]. [[November 10]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[May 9]], [[2007]].</ref> as well as her desire to have a baby.<ref name="guardian">Salmon, Chris. [http://arts.guardian.co.uk/filmandmusic/story/0,,2024019,00.html "'I just want to make music and babies'"]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. [[March 2]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[May 9]], [[2007]].</ref> "[[Rich Girl (Gwen Stefani song)|Rich Girl]]" was released as the album's second single. A duet with [[rapper]] [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]], and produced by [[Dr. Dre]], it is an adaptation of a 1990s pop song by British musicians Louchie Lou and Michie One, which itself is a [[cover version|cover]] of "[[If I Were a Rich Man (song)|If I Were a Rich Man]]", from the musical ''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]''. "Rich Girl" proved successful on several formats, and reached the UK and U.S. top ten.<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/663 "Gwen Stefani and Eve - Rich Girl: Charts"]. Music Square. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> ''L.A.M.B.'''s third single "[[Hollaback Girl]]" became Stefani's first U.S. and second Australian number-one single; it was less successful elsewhere.<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/760 "Gwen Stefani - Hollaback Girl: Charts"]. Music Square. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> The song was the first U.S. [[digital download]] to sell more than one million copies legally,<ref name="RSMillion"/> and its [[brass instrument|brass]]-driven composition remained popular throughout 2005.<ref>Hiatt, Brian. [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/gwenstefani/articles/story/9161846/stefani_peas_lead_singles_boom "Stefani, Peas Lead Singles Boom"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. [[January 19]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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[[Image:GwenStefaniLuxurious1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Stefani performing "[[Luxurious]]" in November 2005.]] |
[[Image:GwenStefaniLuxurious1.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Stefani performing "[[Luxurious]]" in November 2005.]] |
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The fourth single "[[Cool (song)|Cool]]" was released shortly following the popularity of its predecessor, but failed to match its chart success, reaching the UK and U.S. top twenty.<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/851 "Gwen Stefani - Cool: Charts"]. |
The fourth single "[[Cool (song)|Cool]]" was released shortly following the popularity of its predecessor, but failed to match its chart success, reaching the UK and U.S. top twenty.<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/851 "Gwen Stefani - Cool: Charts"]. Music Square. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> The song's lyrics and its accompanying music video, filmed in [[Lake Como]], [[Italy]], depict Stefani's former relationship with Tony Kanal.<ref>Vineyard, Jennifer. [http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1504440/20050621/stefani_gwen.jhtml "Gwen Stefani's Song About Tony Kanal To Be Her Next Single"]. [[MTV News]]. [[June 21]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[April 27]], [[2007]].</ref> "[[Luxurious]]" was released as the album's fifth single, but did not perform as well as its predecessors. "[[Crash (Gwen Stefani song)|Crash]]" was released in early 2006 as the album's sixth single in lieu of ''Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'''s sequel, which Stefani postponed because of her pregnancy.<ref name="pregnant">Vineyard, Jennifer. [http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1519189/20051222/stefani_gwen.jhtml "Gwen Stefani Confirms Pregnancy While Onstage In Florida"]. [[MTV News]]. [[December 24]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2005]].</ref> |
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====2006 – present: ''The Sweet Escape''==== |
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Stefani's second solo album ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' was released in December 2006. |
Stefani's second solo album ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' was released in December 2006. Stefani recollaborated with Kanal, Perry, and the Neptunes along with [[Akon]] and [[Tim Rice-Oxley]]. The album focuses more heavily on [[dance music]] for [[nightclub|clubs]] than its predecessor.<ref name="parents"/> Stefani commented that it differed from ''L.A.M.B.'' because "I just wasn't inspired to do another album and…I was a lot more relaxed making it."<ref>Swift, Jacqui. [http://www.thesun.co.uk/article/0,,2006140003-2007080743,00.html "Has Gwen really got it all?"]. ''[[The Sun (newspaper)|The Sun]]''. [[February 23]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[May 9]], [[2007]].</ref> Its release coincided with the DVD release of Stefani's first [[concert tour|tour]], entitled ''[[Harajuku Lovers Live]]''. The album received mixed reviews by critics, who found that it "has a surprisingly moody, lightly autobiographical feel...[but] Stefani isn't convincing as a dissatisfied diva"<ref> [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1564580,00.html "The Sweet Escape"]. ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''. [[December 1]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[January 9]], [[2007]].</ref> and called the album a "hasty return" that repeats ''Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'' with less energy.<ref>Sheffield, Rob. [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/gwenstefani/albums/album/12640869/review/12811225/the_sweet_escape "Album Reviews"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. [[December 12]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[January 9]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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"[[Wind It Up (Gwen Stefani song)|Wind It Up]]", the album's [[lead single]], was panned by critics for its use of yodeling and an [[interpolation (music)|interpolation]] of ''[[The Sound of Music (film)|The Sound of Music]]''<ref>Macia, Peter. |
"[[Wind It Up (Gwen Stefani song)|Wind It Up]]", the album's [[lead single]], was panned by critics for its use of yodeling and an [[interpolation (music)|interpolation]] of ''[[The Sound of Music (film)|The Sound of Music]]''<ref>Macia, Peter. [http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/track_review/39343-wind-it-up "Gwen Stefani: 'Wind It Up' [Track Review]"]. [[Pitchfork Media]]. [[October 25]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 29]], [[2007]].</ref> but was moderately successful, reaching the top twenty in most markets.<ref name=winditupcharts/> [[The Sweet Escape (song)|The title track]] was well-received and topped the [[United World Chart]].<ref>[http://www.musicsquare.net/charts/song/11736 "Gwen Stefani and Akon - The Sweet Escape: Charts"]. Music Square. Retrieved [[April 30]], [[2007]].</ref> To promote ''The Sweet Escape'', Stefani was a mentor on the [[American Idol (season 6)|sixth season]] of ''[[American Idol]]'' and performed the song with Akon. Stefani embarked on the international [[Sweet Escape Tour]] in April 2007, with opening acts Akon and [[Lady Sovereign]]. The tour will visit North America, Central America, Australia, Asia and Europe.<ref>Cohen, Jonathan. [http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003467493 "Gwen Stefani Unveils Solo Tour Dates"]. ''[[Billboard]]''. [[December 1]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> After "[[4 in the Morning]]" failed to match the success of Stefani's previous singles, "[[Now That You Got It]]" was released as the album's fourth single. |
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==Non-musical projects== |
==Non-musical projects== |
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Stefani made most of the clothing that she wore on stage with No Doubt, resulting in increasingly eclectic combinations. |
Stefani made most of the clothing that she wore on stage with No Doubt, resulting in increasingly eclectic combinations. Stylist Andrea Lieberman introduced her to [[haute couture]] clothing, which lead to Stefani launching a fashion line named [[L.A.M.B.]] in 2004.<ref name="vogue"/> The line takes influence from a variety of fashions, including [[Guatemala]]n, [[Japanese fashion|Japanese]], and [[Jamaica]]n styles.<ref>Maxwell, Alison; Freydkin, Donna; and Barker, Olivia. [http://blogs.usatoday.com/fashion/2006/09/stefani_tends_t.html "Stefani tends to her L.A.M.B."] ''[[USA Today]]''. [[September 15]], [[2006]]. [[May 30]], [[2007]].</ref> The line achieved popularity among celebrities and is worn by stars such as [[Teri Hatcher]], [[Nicole Kidman]], and Stefani herself.<ref>McGibbon, Rob. [http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,21706422-5006011,00.html "No natural born popstar"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''. [[May 13]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[June 2]], [[2007]].</ref><ref>[[Eliscu, Jenny]]. [http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/gwen_cuts_loose "Gwen Cuts Loose"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', issue 966. [[January 27]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2005]].</ref> In June 2005, she expanded her collection with the less expensive [[Harajuku Lovers]] line, which she referred to as "a glorified merchandise line", with varied products including a [[camera]], [[mobile phone charms]], and [[undergarment]]s.<ref>Freydkin, Donna. [http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2005-05-16-stefani_x.htm "Designing is a snap"]. ''[[USA Today]]''. [[May 16]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref><ref name="radiation">[[Canadian Press]]. [http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20061201/gwen_stefani_061101/20061201 "Gwen Stefani shrugs off radiation scare"]. [[December 1]], [[2006]]. Retrieved from [[CTV]] [[May 8]], [[2007]].</ref> In late 2006, Stefani released a limited edition line of dolls called "Love. Angel. Music. Baby. Fashion dolls". The dolls are inspired by the various costumes that Stefani and the Harajuku Girls wore while touring for the album.<ref>[[Associated Press]]. [http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory?id=2400660 "Gwen Stefani Brings Style to Doll World"]. [[September 6]], [[2006]]. Retrieved from [[ABC News]] [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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In 2004, Stefani showed interest in making film appearances<ref>[http://www.mtve.com/article.php?ArticleId=5126 "News Uncut: Short stories on P. Diddy, Gwen Stefani, Erasure, The Raveonettes, Eminem & more"]. |
In 2004, Stefani showed interest in making film appearances<ref>[http://www.mtve.com/article.php?ArticleId=5126 "News Uncut: Short stories on P. Diddy, Gwen Stefani, Erasure, The Raveonettes, Eminem & more"]. [[MTV News]]. [[November 4]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[March 21]], [[2007]].</ref> and began auditioning for films such as ''[[Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)|Mr. & Mrs. Smith]]''.<ref>[http://extratv.warnerbros.com/2007/01/gwen_stefani_bares_all_in_elle.html "Gwen Stefani Bares All in Elle Tell-All"]. ExtraTV. [[January 30]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[March 21]], [[2007]].</ref> She made her acting debut playing [[Jean Harlow]] in [[Martin Scorsese]]'s biopic ''[[The Aviator]]'' in 2004. Martin Scorsese, whose daughter was a fan of No Doubt, showed reciprocal interest in casting Stefani after seeing her picture from a [[Marilyn Monroe]]-inspired photo shoot for ''[[Teen Vogue]]'' in 2003.<ref>Vineyard, Jennifer. [http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1485069/20040213/story.jhtml "Gwen Stefani Feeling Hella Good About Role In Scorsese Flick"]. [[MTV News]]. [[February 13]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[May 9]], [[2007]].</ref><ref>Vineyard, Jennifer. [http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1494427/20041202/story.jhtml "Gwen Stefani Says Acting Is A Lot Harder Than Singing"]. [[MTV News]]. [[December 2]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[May 9]], [[2007]].</ref> To prepare for the role, Stefani read two biographies and watched eighteen of Harlow's films.<ref name="vogue"/> Shooting her part took four to five days, and Stefani had few lines.<ref>[[Associated Press]]. [http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2004-05-04-no-doubt_x.htm "Have no fear, No Doubt still here"]. [[May 4]], [[2004]]. Retrieved from ''[[USA Today]]'' [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani lent her voice to the title character of ''[[Malice (video game)|Malice]]'', a [[PlayStation 2|PS2]] and [[Xbox]] video game in 2004; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt band-members' voices.<ref>Hwang, Kaiser. [http://ps2.ign.com/articles/474/474899p1.html "Remember Malice?"]. [[IGN]]. [[January 23]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[March 16]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
==Personal life== |
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[[Image:TonyKanal.jpg|left|thumb|160px|Stefani's ex-boyfriend and bandmate Tony Kanal]] |
[[Image:TonyKanal.jpg|left|thumb|160px|Stefani's ex-boyfriend and bandmate Tony Kanal]] |
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Stefani had a crush on bandmate Tony Kanal when he joined No Doubt, but Kanal initially rejected her because her older brother was in the band and Kanal felt it was an [[unspoken rule]] that no one of the band date her. |
Stefani had a crush on bandmate Tony Kanal when he joined No Doubt, but Kanal initially rejected her because her older brother was in the band and Kanal felt it was an [[unspoken rule]] that no one of the band date her. The two eventually began dating and were "inseparable" by the early 1990s.<ref name="hello"/> Stefani stated that she was heavily invested in the relationship, commenting that "all I ever did was look at Tony and pray that God would let me have a baby with him."<ref name="guardian"/> Kanal ended the relationship because he said that he needed "space".<ref>''Born to Be''. [[MuchMusic]] programming. Original airdate: March 2006. Retrieved [[November 13]], [[2006]].</ref> |
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During her time with No Doubt, the band toured with [[ska punk]] band [[Reel Big Fish]], whose frontman, [[Aaron Barrett]], later wrote the song "She's Famous Now" for Reel Big Fish's 1998 album ''[[Why Do They Rock So Hard?]]''. The song is commonly interpreted to be about a relationship between the two and Stefani's subsequent success with No Doubt;<ref>Kamps, Garrett. [http://play.rhapsody.com/reelbigfish/ourlivealbumisbetterthanyourlivealbum "Our Live Album Is Better Than Your Live Album"]. [[Rhapsody (online music service)|Rhapsody]]. 2006. |
During her time with No Doubt, the band toured with [[ska punk]] band [[Reel Big Fish]], whose frontman, [[Aaron Barrett]], later wrote the song "She's Famous Now" for Reel Big Fish's 1998 album ''[[Why Do They Rock So Hard?]]''. The song is commonly interpreted to be about a relationship between the two and Stefani's subsequent success with No Doubt;<ref>Kamps, Garrett. [http://play.rhapsody.com/reelbigfish/ourlivealbumisbetterthanyourlivealbum "Our Live Album Is Better Than Your Live Album"]. [[Rhapsody (online music service)|Rhapsody]]. 2006. Retrieved [[December 25]], [[2006]].</ref> however, Barrett later stated that he "was just trying to start a rumor".<ref>Backus, Paul. [http://www.newu.uci.edu/showArticle.php?id=5084 "Reel Big Fish Show Ska is Still Rockin'"]. ''[[New University]]''. Volume 40, Issue 8. [[November 6]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[January 5]], [[2006]].</ref> |
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[[Image:GavinRossdale.jpg|right|thumb|Stefani's husband Gavin Rossdale]] |
[[Image:GavinRossdale.jpg|right|thumb|Stefani's husband Gavin Rossdale]] |
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In December 1995, Stefani met Bush guitarist and lead singer [[Gavin Rossdale]] at a No Doubt concert, and the two became involved in a long distance relationship. |
In December 1995, Stefani met Bush guitarist and lead singer [[Gavin Rossdale]] at a No Doubt concert, and the two became involved in a long distance relationship. The couple has kept details about its relationship private, avoiding talking to [[journalist]]s together.<ref name="anniversary"/> They married in 2002, with a [[wedding]] in [[St Paul's, Covent Garden|St Paul's Church]] in [[Covent Garden]], [[London]]. A second wedding was held in [[Los Angeles]], California two weeks later.<ref>Springer, Debra. [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,1142645,00.html "Gwen Stefani: I'm Pregnant"]. ''[[People (magazine)|People]]''. [[December 21]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> According to Stefani, it was held so that she could wear a custom-designed [[wedding dress]] by British-[[Gibraltar]]ian [[fashion designer]] [[John Galliano]].<ref>Levy, Ariel. [http://www.blender.com/guide/articles.aspx?id=1329 "The Coronation of Gwen Stefani"]. ''[[Blender (magazine)|Blender]]''. December 2004. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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The couple discovered in 2004 that Rossdale had an [[illegitimate]] daughter Daisy (b. 1989) from a previous fling with model [[Pearl Lowe]] when Rossdale took a [[paternity test]]. |
The couple discovered in 2004 that Rossdale had an [[illegitimate]] daughter Daisy (b. 1989) from a previous fling with model [[Pearl Lowe]] when Rossdale took a [[paternity test]]. Stefani was "devastated and infuriated" at the discovery, leading to a rocky patch in her relationship with Rossdale.<ref>Amter, Charlie. [http://www.eonline.com/news/article/index.jsp?uuid=21e8ea98-4888-4037-b932-43593b08221f "Gwen Stefani's Surprise Stepkid"]. [[E!]]. [[October 22]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[May 24]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani does not have a relationship with Daisy, though Rossdale remains Daisy's [[godparent|godfather]].<ref>[http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/article/rossdales%20daughter%20stefani%20is%20not%20my%20stepmother_1004425 "Rossdale's Daughter: 'Stefani Is Not My Stepmother'"]. Contactmusic. [[April 8]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[May 24]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani's song "Danger Zone" was widely believed to be about the discovery and its aftermath;<ref>Browne, David. [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,831435,00.html "Love. Angel. Music. Baby."] ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''. [[November 23]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[January 25]], [[2007]].</ref> however, the song was written prior to the incident.<ref name="parents"/> |
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In December 2005, Stefani and Rossdale announced that they were expecting their first child together. |
In December 2005, Stefani and Rossdale announced that they were expecting their first child together. The pregnancy was first reported by ''[[Us Weekly]]'', and Stefani confirmed the pregnancy by shouting "I want you to sing so loud that the baby hears it" during a concert in [[Fort Lauderdale]], [[Florida]] after her [[press agent]] stated that it was untrue.<ref name="pregnant"/> On [[May 26]], [[2006]], their son, Kingston James McGregor Rossdale, was born via [[caesarean section]] at the [[Cedars-Sinai Medical Center]] in Los Angeles.<ref>[http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/gwenstefani/articles/story/10432566/latest_news_gwen_stefanis_baby_no_charge_for_proofs_killer "Latest News: Gwen Stefani's Baby, No Charge for Proof's Killer"]. ''[[Rolling Stone]]''. [[May 30]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> Kingston weighed 3.4 kilograms (7 pounds, 5 ounces).<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/05/27/1148524919261.html "Baby boy for Stefani"]. [[Associated Press]]. [[May 27]], [[2006]]. Retrieved from ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]'' [[April 16]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani plans to have another baby.<ref>Silverman, Stephen M. [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20004425,00.html "Gwen Stefani 'Prays' for Another Baby"]. ''[[People (magazine)|People]]''. [[December 18]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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==Public image== |
==Public image== |
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[[Image:HollabackGirl2edit.jpg|left|thumb|150px|Stefani performing in May 2007, wearing the G logo on a belt buckle.]] |
[[Image:HollabackGirl2edit.jpg|left|thumb|150px|Stefani performing in May 2007, wearing the G logo on a belt buckle.]] |
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Stefani is often identified by her unique appearance. |
Stefani is often identified by her unique appearance. She began wearing a [[bindi (decoration)|bindi]] in the mid 1990s after attending several family gatherings for Kanal, who is of [[India]]n heritage.<ref>Stevenson, Jane. [http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/N/No_Doubt/1997/05/12/748242.html "Pop stars, No Doubt"]. ''[[Jam!]]''. [[May 12]], [[1997]]. Retrieved [[May 21]], [[2007]].</ref> During No Doubt's breakthrough, Stefani wore the forehead decoration in several of the band's music videos and briefly popularized the accessory in 1997.<ref name="ew">Laine, Tricia. [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,285322,00.html "Gwen Vogue"]. ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', issue 454. [[October 16]], [[1998]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> First attracting attention in the 1995 music video for "Just a Girl", Stefani is known for her [[midriff]] and frequently wears shirts that expose it.<ref>[http://www.stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/i-love-1996.htm "I Love 1996"]. ''[[Stylus Magazine]]''. [[September 8]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani's [[makeup]] design generally includes light face powder, bright red [[lipstick]], and arched [[eyebrows]]; she wrote about the subject in a song titled "Magic's in the Makeup" for No Doubt's ''Return of Saturn'', asking "If the magic's in the makeup/Then who am I?".<ref name="vogue"/> |
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Stefani is a natural [[brunette]], though her hair has not been its natural color since Stefani was in ninth grade.<ref>Toht, Betony. |
Stefani is a natural [[brunette]], though her hair has not been its natural color since Stefani was in ninth grade.<ref>Toht, Betony. [http://www.instyle.com/instyle/celebrities/transformation/0,23460,1048009_1,00.html "Transformation"]. ''[[In Style]]''. Retrieved [[April 28]], [[2007]].</ref> Since then, she has had platinum [[blonde]] hair. Stefani discussed this in the song "Platinum Blonde Life" on ''Rock Steady'' and played original blonde [[bombshell]] Jean Harlow in 2004.<ref>Wloszczyna, Susan. [http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2004-04-26-beckinsale_x.htm "Beckinsale, a beauty who battles beasts"]. ''[[USA Today]]''. [[April 26]], [[2004]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani also dyed her hair blue in 1998<ref name="ew"/> and pink in 2000,<ref>Greenblatt, Leah. [http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20015170,00.html "La Vie en Rose"]. ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''. [[March 16]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> appearing on the cover of ''Return of Saturn'' with pink hair. |
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In 2006, Stefani modified her image, inspired by that of Elvira Hancock, a rich [[drugs and prostitution|coke whore]] portrayed by [[Michelle Pfeiffer]] in the 1983 film ''[[Scarface (1983 film)|Scarface]]''.<ref name="hb"/> The reinvented image included a symbol consisting of two back-to-back [[G]]'s, which appears on a diamond-encrusted key she wears on a necklace and which became a motif in the promotion of ''The Sweet Escape''.<ref name="radiation"/> |
In 2006, Stefani modified her image, inspired by that of Elvira Hancock, a rich [[drugs and prostitution|coke whore]] portrayed by [[Michelle Pfeiffer]] in the 1983 film ''[[Scarface (1983 film)|Scarface]]''.<ref name="hb"/> The reinvented image included a symbol consisting of two back-to-back [[G]]'s, which appears on a diamond-encrusted key she wears on a necklace and which became a motif in the promotion of ''The Sweet Escape''.<ref name="radiation"/> Stefani raised concerns in January 2007 about her rapid [[weight loss]] following her pregnancy. She stated she lost the weight through diet and exercise but admitted to obsessing over her weight due to the [[size zero]] trend.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=432513&in_page_id=1773 "Gwen Stefani admits to her 'obsession with weight'"]. ''[[Daily Mail]]''. [[January 30]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[February 18]], [[2007]].</ref> She later stated that she had been on a diet since the sixth grade to fit in size 4 clothing, commenting, "It's an ongoing battle and it's a [[nightmare]]. But I like clothes too much, and I always wanted to wear the outfits I would make."<ref>Corcoran, Liz. [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20034601,00.html "Gwen Stefani: 'I've Always Been on a Diet'"]. ''[[People (magazine)|People]]''. [[April 12]], [[2007]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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===Harajuku Girls=== |
===Harajuku Girls=== |
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[[Image:HarajukuLoversTour.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Stefani performing with the [[Harajuku Girls]], dressed as [[nurse]]s, on the Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005.]] |
[[Image:HarajukuLoversTour.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Stefani performing with the [[Harajuku Girls]], dressed as [[nurse]]s, on the Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005.]] |
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The release of Stefani's first solo album brought attention to her entourage of four [[Harajuku Girls]], named for the area around the [[Harajuku Station]] of [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]. Stefani treats the back-up dancers, who appear in outfits influenced by [[Gothic Lolita]] fashion, as a figment of her imagination.<ref>Holson, Laura M. |
The release of Stefani's first solo album brought attention to her entourage of four [[Harajuku Girls]], named for the area around the [[Harajuku Station]] of [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]. Stefani treats the back-up dancers, who appear in outfits influenced by [[Gothic Lolita]] fashion, as a figment of her imagination.<ref>Holson, Laura M. [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/13/fashion/13GOTH.html "Gothic Lolitas: Demure vs. Dominatrix"]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. [[March 13]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[May 6]], [[2007]].</ref> Stefani's clothing also took influence from Japanese fashion, in a style described as a combination between [[Christian Dior]] and Japan.<ref name="guardian"/> The dancers are featured in her music videos, press coverage, and on the album cover for ''Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'', with a song named for and dedicated to them on the album. They were also featured in, and the namesake for, Stefani's [[Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005]]. |
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Stefani's adoption of this component of [[Japanese culture]] drew accusations of [[racism]]. |
Stefani's adoption of this component of [[Japanese culture]] drew accusations of [[racism]]. [[Stand-up comic]] [[Margaret Cho]] has labeled the Harajuku Girls as a "[[minstrel show]]" that reinforces ethnic stereotypes of [[Asia]]n women.<ref>[[Margaret Cho|Cho, Margaret]]. [http://www.margaretcho.com/blog/harajukugirls.htm "Harajuku Girls"]. [[October 31]], [[2005]]. Retrieved [[March 24]], [[2007]].</ref> ''[[The Village Voice]]'' rebuked Stefani for rumors of [[contractual obligations]] that the four not speak [[English language|English]] though they are fluent, and stated that "silencing people is the epitome of taking away their autonomy and subjectivity, even if Gwen Stefani thinks her silent Japanese [[fashionista]]s are part of an awesome and empowering [[counterculture]]."<ref>Ishii, Anne. [http://www.villagevoice.com/film/0601,ishii,71489,20.html "English as a Second Language"]. ''[[The Village Voice]]''. [[January 3]], [[2006]]. Retrieved [[April 17]], [[2007]].</ref> |
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==Discography== |
==Discography== |
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{{col-2}} |
{{col-2}} |
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===Studio albums=== |
===Studio albums=== |
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*2004: ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' |
* 2004: ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' |
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*2006: ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' |
* 2006: ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' |
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===Singles=== |
===Singles=== |
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*2004: "[[What You Waiting For?]]" |
* 2004: "[[What You Waiting For?]]" |
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*2004: "[[Rich Girl (Gwen Stefani song)|Rich Girl]]" featuring [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]] |
* 2004: "[[Rich Girl (Gwen Stefani song)|Rich Girl]]" featuring [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]] |
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*2005: "[[Hollaback Girl]]" |
* 2005: "[[Hollaback Girl]]" |
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*2005: "[[Cool (song)|Cool]]" |
* 2005: "[[Cool (song)|Cool]]" |
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*2005: "[[Luxurious]]" featuring [[Slim Thug]] |
* 2005: "[[Luxurious]]" featuring [[Slim Thug]] |
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*2006: "[[Crash (Gwen Stefani song)|Crash]]" |
* 2006: "[[Crash (Gwen Stefani song)|Crash]]" |
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*2006: "[[Wind It Up (Gwen Stefani song)|Wind It Up]]" |
* 2006: "[[Wind It Up (Gwen Stefani song)|Wind It Up]]" |
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*2007: "[[The Sweet Escape (song)|The Sweet Escape]]" featuring [[Akon]] |
* 2007: "[[The Sweet Escape (song)|The Sweet Escape]]" featuring [[Akon]] |
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*2007: "[[4 in the Morning]]" |
* 2007: "[[4 in the Morning]]" |
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*2007: "[[Now That You Got It]]" featuring [[Damian Marley]] |
* 2007: "[[Now That You Got It]]" featuring [[Damian Marley]] |
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*2007: "[[Early Winter]]" |
* 2007: "[[Early Winter]]" |
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{{col-end}} |
{{col-end}} |
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{{wikiquote}} |
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*[http://www.gwenstefani.com/ Official website] |
* [http://www.gwenstefani.com/ Official website] |
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*[http://www.nodoubt.com/ No Doubt official website] |
* [http://www.nodoubt.com/ No Doubt official website] |
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*{{AMG Artist|sql=11:hvfixquhldde|artist=Gwen Stefani}} |
* {{AMG Artist|sql=11:hvfixquhldde|artist=Gwen Stefani}} |
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*{{imdb name|0005461|Gwen Stefani}} |
* {{imdb name|0005461|Gwen Stefani}} |
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*{{nndb name|490/000023421|Gwen Stefani}} |
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Revision as of 08:46, 16 September 2007
Gwen Stefani |
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Gwen Renée Stefani (born October 3, 1969) (IPA pronunciation: [gwɛn stɛ'fɑn.ni][1]) is an American singer, songwriter, fashion designer and occasional actress. Stefani debuted in 1992 as the frontwoman of the third wave ska band No Doubt, whose 1995 album Tragic Kingdom propelled them to stardom, selling sixteen million copies worldwide. It spawned the singles "Just a Girl", "Spiderwebs", and the airplay number-one "Don't Speak". The band's popularity went into decline with its third album Return of Saturn (2000), but Rock Steady (2001) introduced dancehall and reggae production into its music, which generally received positive reviews.
Stefani recorded her first solo album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. in 2004. The album was primarily inspired by music of the 1980s, taking Stefani's work further into pop, R&B, and dance music,[2] and enjoyed international success with sales of over seven million.[3] The album's third single "Hollaback Girl" became the first U.S. digital download to sell one million copies.[4] Stefani's second solo album The Sweet Escape (2006) yielded "Wind It Up", a moderate worldwide success.[5] Including her work with No Doubt, Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide.[6]
In the media, Stefani is known as a fashion trendsetter.[7] In 2003, she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line. Drawing inspiration from Japanese culture and fashion, Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the Harajuku Girls, and has drawn accusations of racism for the subject. She married post-grunge musician Gavin Rossdale in 2002, and the two have a son, Kingston, who was born in 2006.
Early life
Gwen Stefani was born and raised in Fullerton, California,[8] and grew up in a Roman Catholic household.[9] Her mother named her Gwen after a stewardess in the 1968 novel Airport, and her middle name, Renée, comes from The Four Tops' 1968 cover of The Left Banke's 1966 hit song "Walk Away Renée".[10] Her father Dennis Stefani is Italian American and works as a Yamaha marketing executive. Her mother Patti Flynn is of Irish and Scottish descent and worked as an accountant before becoming a homemaker.[11][12] Gwen's parents were fans of folk music and presented music by Bob Dylan and Emmylou Harris to her.[9] Gwen is the second oldest of four children; she has a younger sister Jill, a younger brother Todd, and an older brother Eric.[9][11] Eric was the keyboardist for No Doubt, but left the band to pursue a career in animation on The Simpsons.[8]
Many of the women in Gwen's family were seamstresses, and much of her clothing was made by her or her mother. As a child, Stefani's musical interests consisted of musicals such as The Sound of Music and Evita. After making a demo tape for her father, she was encouraged not to take music lessons to train her "loopy, unpredictable" voice.[9] Stefani's first on-stage performance came during a talent show at Loara High School, where she sang "I Have Confidence" from The Sound of Music in a self-made tweed dress inspired by one from the film.[3][13] Stefani was on the swim team at Loara,[14] and she worked scrubbing floors at a Dairy Queen and later at the makeup counter of a department store.[15] After graduating from high school in 1987,[13] she began attending California State University, Fullerton.[16]
Music career
1986 – present: No Doubt
Eric introduced Gwen to 2 Tone music by Madness and The Selecter, and in 1986 he invited her to provide vocals for No Doubt, a ska band he was forming.[8] The band released its self-titled debut album in 1992, but its ska-pop sound was unsuccessful due to the popularity of grunge.[17] Stefani rejected the aggressiveness of female grunge artists and cited Blondie singer Debbie Harry's combination of power and sex appeal as a major influence.[18] No Doubt's third album Tragic Kingdom (1995), which followed the self-released The Beacon Street Collection (1995), took more than three years to make. During this time, the band almost split up because of the failed romantic relationship between Stefani and bandmate Tony Kanal.[19] Their break-up inspired Stefani lyrically, and many of the album's songs, such as "Don't Speak", "Sunday Morning", and "Hey You", chronicle their relationship and her happiness.[20] Five singles were released from Tragic Kingdom and "Don't Speak" led 1996's U.S. year-end airplay chart.[21] Stefani left college for one semester to tour for Tragic Kingdom but did not return when touring lasted two and a half years.[9] The album sold more than sixteen million copies worldwide,[9] and received several Grammy Award nominations.[22]
No Doubt released the less popular Return of Saturn in 2000, which expands upon the New Wave influences of Tragic Kingdom.[23] Most of the lyrical content focuses on Stefani's often rocky relationship with then-Bush frontman Gavin Rossdale and her overall insecurities, including indecision on settling down and having a child.[24] The band's 2001 album Rock Steady explores more reggae and dancehall sounds while maintaining the band's New Wave influences, generally receiving positive reviews from music critics.[25] The album generated career-highest singles chart positions in the United States,[26] and "Hey Baby" and "Underneath It All" received Grammy Awards. A greatest hits collection, The Singles 1992-2003, which includes a cover of Talk Talk's "It's My Life", was released in 2003 to moderate sales. The other members of No Doubt have begun work on a new album[27] and plan to complete it after Stefani's tour is finished.[28]
Outside No Doubt, Stefani has collaborated on the singles "South Side" and "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" with Moby and Eve, respectively. In 2002 Eve and Stefani won a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Let Me Blow Ya Mind".[29] She also collaborated with The Brian Setzer Orchestra on a cover of "You're the Boss", originally performed by Elvis Presley and Ann-Margret, for its 1998 album The Dirty Boogie.
2004 – present: Solo career
2004 – 2006: Love. Angel. Music. Baby.
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Stefani's debut solo album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. was released in November 2004. The album features a large number of collaborations with producers and other artists, including Kanal, Linda Perry, OutKast's André 3000, and The Neptunes. Stefani created the album to modernize the music to which she listened when in high school, and L.A.M.B. takes influence from a variety of music styles of the 1980s and early 1990s such as New Wave, new jack swing, and electro.[30] Stefani's decision to use her solo career as an opportunity to delve further into pop music instead of trying "to convince the world of [her] talent, depth and artistic worth" was considered unusual.[2] As a result, reviews of the album were mixed, and it was described as "fun as hell but…not exactly rife with subversive social commentary."[31] The album debuted on the U.S. Billboard 200 albums chart at number seven, selling 309,000 copies in its first week.[32] It sold well, reaching multi-platinum status in the United States,[12] the United Kingdom,[33] Australia,[34] and Canada.[35] At the 2005 Grammy Awards, Stefani was nominated for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance,[36] and at the next year's awards, Stefani received five nominations for Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, Best Pop Vocal Album, and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration.[37]
The first single released from the album was "What You Waiting For?", which charted outside the U.S. top forty, but reached the top ten on most other charts.[38] The song served to explain why Stefani produced a solo album and discusses her fears in leaving No Doubt for a solo career[39] as well as her desire to have a baby.[13] "Rich Girl" was released as the album's second single. A duet with rapper Eve, and produced by Dr. Dre, it is an adaptation of a 1990s pop song by British musicians Louchie Lou and Michie One, which itself is a cover of "If I Were a Rich Man", from the musical Fiddler on the Roof. "Rich Girl" proved successful on several formats, and reached the UK and U.S. top ten.[40] L.A.M.B.'s third single "Hollaback Girl" became Stefani's first U.S. and second Australian number-one single; it was less successful elsewhere.[41] The song was the first U.S. digital download to sell more than one million copies legally,[4] and its brass-driven composition remained popular throughout 2005.[42]
The fourth single "Cool" was released shortly following the popularity of its predecessor, but failed to match its chart success, reaching the UK and U.S. top twenty.[43] The song's lyrics and its accompanying music video, filmed in Lake Como, Italy, depict Stefani's former relationship with Tony Kanal.[44] "Luxurious" was released as the album's fifth single, but did not perform as well as its predecessors. "Crash" was released in early 2006 as the album's sixth single in lieu of Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'s sequel, which Stefani postponed because of her pregnancy.[45]
2006 – present: The Sweet Escape
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Stefani's second solo album The Sweet Escape was released in December 2006. Stefani recollaborated with Kanal, Perry, and the Neptunes along with Akon and Tim Rice-Oxley. The album focuses more heavily on dance music for clubs than its predecessor.[12] Stefani commented that it differed from L.A.M.B. because "I just wasn't inspired to do another album and…I was a lot more relaxed making it."[46] Its release coincided with the DVD release of Stefani's first tour, entitled Harajuku Lovers Live. The album received mixed reviews by critics, who found that it "has a surprisingly moody, lightly autobiographical feel...[but] Stefani isn't convincing as a dissatisfied diva"[47] and called the album a "hasty return" that repeats Love. Angel. Music. Baby. with less energy.[48]
"Wind It Up", the album's lead single, was panned by critics for its use of yodeling and an interpolation of The Sound of Music[49] but was moderately successful, reaching the top twenty in most markets.[5] The title track was well-received and topped the United World Chart.[50] To promote The Sweet Escape, Stefani was a mentor on the sixth season of American Idol and performed the song with Akon. Stefani embarked on the international Sweet Escape Tour in April 2007, with opening acts Akon and Lady Sovereign. The tour will visit North America, Central America, Australia, Asia and Europe.[51] After "4 in the Morning" failed to match the success of Stefani's previous singles, "Now That You Got It" was released as the album's fourth single.
Non-musical projects
Stefani made most of the clothing that she wore on stage with No Doubt, resulting in increasingly eclectic combinations. Stylist Andrea Lieberman introduced her to haute couture clothing, which lead to Stefani launching a fashion line named L.A.M.B. in 2004.[9] The line takes influence from a variety of fashions, including Guatemalan, Japanese, and Jamaican styles.[52] The line achieved popularity among celebrities and is worn by stars such as Teri Hatcher, Nicole Kidman, and Stefani herself.[53][54] In June 2005, she expanded her collection with the less expensive Harajuku Lovers line, which she referred to as "a glorified merchandise line", with varied products including a camera, mobile phone charms, and undergarments.[55][56] In late 2006, Stefani released a limited edition line of dolls called "Love. Angel. Music. Baby. Fashion dolls". The dolls are inspired by the various costumes that Stefani and the Harajuku Girls wore while touring for the album.[57]
In 2004, Stefani showed interest in making film appearances[58] and began auditioning for films such as Mr. & Mrs. Smith.[59] She made her acting debut playing Jean Harlow in Martin Scorsese's biopic The Aviator in 2004. Martin Scorsese, whose daughter was a fan of No Doubt, showed reciprocal interest in casting Stefani after seeing her picture from a Marilyn Monroe-inspired photo shoot for Teen Vogue in 2003.[60][61] To prepare for the role, Stefani read two biographies and watched eighteen of Harlow's films.[9] Shooting her part took four to five days, and Stefani had few lines.[62] Stefani lent her voice to the title character of Malice, a PS2 and Xbox video game in 2004; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt band-members' voices.[63]
Personal life
Stefani had a crush on bandmate Tony Kanal when he joined No Doubt, but Kanal initially rejected her because her older brother was in the band and Kanal felt it was an unspoken rule that no one of the band date her. The two eventually began dating and were "inseparable" by the early 1990s.[16] Stefani stated that she was heavily invested in the relationship, commenting that "all I ever did was look at Tony and pray that God would let me have a baby with him."[13] Kanal ended the relationship because he said that he needed "space".[64]
During her time with No Doubt, the band toured with ska punk band Reel Big Fish, whose frontman, Aaron Barrett, later wrote the song "She's Famous Now" for Reel Big Fish's 1998 album Why Do They Rock So Hard?. The song is commonly interpreted to be about a relationship between the two and Stefani's subsequent success with No Doubt;[65] however, Barrett later stated that he "was just trying to start a rumor".[66]
In December 1995, Stefani met Bush guitarist and lead singer Gavin Rossdale at a No Doubt concert, and the two became involved in a long distance relationship. The couple has kept details about its relationship private, avoiding talking to journalists together.[18] They married in 2002, with a wedding in St Paul's Church in Covent Garden, London. A second wedding was held in Los Angeles, California two weeks later.[67] According to Stefani, it was held so that she could wear a custom-designed wedding dress by British-Gibraltarian fashion designer John Galliano.[68]
The couple discovered in 2004 that Rossdale had an illegitimate daughter Daisy (b. 1989) from a previous fling with model Pearl Lowe when Rossdale took a paternity test. Stefani was "devastated and infuriated" at the discovery, leading to a rocky patch in her relationship with Rossdale.[69] Stefani does not have a relationship with Daisy, though Rossdale remains Daisy's godfather.[70] Stefani's song "Danger Zone" was widely believed to be about the discovery and its aftermath;[71] however, the song was written prior to the incident.[12]
In December 2005, Stefani and Rossdale announced that they were expecting their first child together. The pregnancy was first reported by Us Weekly, and Stefani confirmed the pregnancy by shouting "I want you to sing so loud that the baby hears it" during a concert in Fort Lauderdale, Florida after her press agent stated that it was untrue.[45] On May 26, 2006, their son, Kingston James McGregor Rossdale, was born via caesarean section at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.[72] Kingston weighed 3.4 kilograms (7 pounds, 5 ounces).[73] Stefani plans to have another baby.[74]
Public image
Stefani is often identified by her unique appearance. She began wearing a bindi in the mid 1990s after attending several family gatherings for Kanal, who is of Indian heritage.[75] During No Doubt's breakthrough, Stefani wore the forehead decoration in several of the band's music videos and briefly popularized the accessory in 1997.[76] First attracting attention in the 1995 music video for "Just a Girl", Stefani is known for her midriff and frequently wears shirts that expose it.[77] Stefani's makeup design generally includes light face powder, bright red lipstick, and arched eyebrows; she wrote about the subject in a song titled "Magic's in the Makeup" for No Doubt's Return of Saturn, asking "If the magic's in the makeup/Then who am I?".[9]
Stefani is a natural brunette, though her hair has not been its natural color since Stefani was in ninth grade.[78] Since then, she has had platinum blonde hair. Stefani discussed this in the song "Platinum Blonde Life" on Rock Steady and played original blonde bombshell Jean Harlow in 2004.[79] Stefani also dyed her hair blue in 1998[76] and pink in 2000,[80] appearing on the cover of Return of Saturn with pink hair.
In 2006, Stefani modified her image, inspired by that of Elvira Hancock, a rich coke whore portrayed by Michelle Pfeiffer in the 1983 film Scarface.[3] The reinvented image included a symbol consisting of two back-to-back G's, which appears on a diamond-encrusted key she wears on a necklace and which became a motif in the promotion of The Sweet Escape.[56] Stefani raised concerns in January 2007 about her rapid weight loss following her pregnancy. She stated she lost the weight through diet and exercise but admitted to obsessing over her weight due to the size zero trend.[81] She later stated that she had been on a diet since the sixth grade to fit in size 4 clothing, commenting, "It's an ongoing battle and it's a nightmare. But I like clothes too much, and I always wanted to wear the outfits I would make."[82]
Harajuku Girls
The release of Stefani's first solo album brought attention to her entourage of four Harajuku Girls, named for the area around the Harajuku Station of Tokyo, Japan. Stefani treats the back-up dancers, who appear in outfits influenced by Gothic Lolita fashion, as a figment of her imagination.[83] Stefani's clothing also took influence from Japanese fashion, in a style described as a combination between Christian Dior and Japan.[13] The dancers are featured in her music videos, press coverage, and on the album cover for Love. Angel. Music. Baby., with a song named for and dedicated to them on the album. They were also featured in, and the namesake for, Stefani's Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005.
Stefani's adoption of this component of Japanese culture drew accusations of racism. Stand-up comic Margaret Cho has labeled the Harajuku Girls as a "minstrel show" that reinforces ethnic stereotypes of Asian women.[84] The Village Voice rebuked Stefani for rumors of contractual obligations that the four not speak English though they are fluent, and stated that "silencing people is the epitome of taking away their autonomy and subjectivity, even if Gwen Stefani thinks her silent Japanese fashionistas are part of an awesome and empowering counterculture."[85]
Discography
Studio albums
Singles
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References
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External links
- Official website
- No Doubt official website
- Template:AMG Artist
- Gwen Stefani at IMDb
- Template:Nndb name
- Gwen Stefani at People.com